Ithas。
Thenitwillneitherpartakeofonemeasure,norofmany,noroffew,norofthesameatall,norbeequaltoitselforanother;norbegreaterorlessthanitself,orother?
Certainly。
Well,anddowesupposethatonecanbeolder,oryoungerthananything,orofthesameagewithit?
Whynot?
Why,becausethatwhichisofthesameagewithitselforother,mustpartakeofequalityorlikenessoftime;andwesaidthattheonedidnotpartakeeitherofequalityoroflikeness?
Wedidsayso。
Andwealsosaid,thatitdidnotpartakeofinequalityorunlikeness。
Verytrue。
Howthencanone,beingofthisnature,beeitherolderoryoungerthananything,orhavethesameagewithit?
Innoway。
Thenonecannotbeolderoryounger,orofthesameage,eitherwithitselforwithanother?
Clearlynot。
Thentheone,beingofthisnature,cannotbeintimeatall;formustnotthatwhichisintime,bealwaysgrowingolderthanitself?
Certainly。
Andthatwhichisolder,mustalwaysbeolderthansomethingwhichisyounger?
True。
Then,thatwhichbecomesolderthanitself,alsobecomesatthesametimeyoungerthanitself,ifitistohavesomethingtobecomeolderthan。
Whatdoyoumean?
Imeanthis:—Athingdoesnotneedtobecomedifferentfromanotherthingwhichisalreadydifferent;itisdifferent,andifitsdifferenthasbecome,ithasbecomedifferent;ifitsdifferentwillbe,itwillbedifferent;butofthatwhichisbecomingdifferent,therecannothavebeen,orbeabouttobe,oryetbe,adifferent—theonlydifferentpossibleisonewhichisbecoming。
Thatisinevitable。
But,surely,theelderisadifferencerelativetotheyounger,andtonothingelse。
True。
Thenthatwhichbecomesolderthanitselfmustalso,atthesametime,becomeyoungerthanitself?
Yes。
Butagain,itistruethatitcannotbecomeforalongerorforashortertimethanitself,butitmustbecome,andbe,andhavebecome,andbeabouttobe,forthesametimewithitself?
Thatagainisinevitable。
Thenthingswhichareintime,andpartakeoftime,mustineverycase,Isuppose,beofthesameagewiththemselves;andmustalsobecomeatonceolderandyoungerthanthemselves?
Yes。
Buttheonedidnotpartakeofthoseaffections?
Notatall。
Thenitdoesnotpartakeoftime,andisnotinanytime?
Sotheargumentshows。
Well,butdonottheexpressions"was,"and"hasbecome,"and"wasbecoming,"signifyaparticipationofpasttime?
Certainly。
Anddonot"willbe,""willbecome,""willhavebecome,"signifyaparticipationoffuturetime?
Yes。
And"is,"or"becomes,"signifiesaparticipationofpresenttime?
Certainly。
Andiftheoneisabsolutelywithoutparticipationintime,itneverhadbecome,orwasbecoming,orwasatanytime,orisnowbecomeorisbecoming,oris,orwillbecome,orwillhavebecome,orwillbe,hereafter。
Mosttrue。
Butarethereanymodesofpartakingofbeingotherthanthese?
Therearenone。
Thentheonecannotpossiblypartakeofbeing?
Thatistheinference。
Thentheoneisnotatall?
Clearlynot。
Thentheonedoesnotexistinsuchwayastobeone;forifitwereandpartookofbeing,itwouldalreadybe;butiftheargumentistobetrusted,theoneneitherisnorisone?
True。
Butthatwhichisnotadmitsofnoattributeorrelation?
Ofcoursenot。
Thenthereisnoname,norexpression,norperception,noropinion,norknowledgeofit?
Clearlynot。
Thenitisneithernamed,norexpressed,noropined,norknown,nordoesanythingthatisperceiveit。
Sowemustinfer。
Butcanallthisbetrueabouttheone?
Ithinknot。
Suppose,now,thatwereturnoncemoretotheoriginalhypothesis;
letusseewhether,onafurtherreview,anynewaspectofthequestionappears。
Ishallbeveryhappytodoso。
Wesaythatwehavetoworkouttogetheralltheconsequences,whatevertheymaybe,whichfollow,iftheoneis?
Yes。
Thenwewillbeginatthebeginning:—Ifoneis,canonebe,andnotpartakeofbeing?
Impossible。
Thentheonewillhavebeing,butitsbeingwillnotbethesamewiththeone;forifthesame,itwouldnotbethebeingoftheone;
norwouldtheonehaveparticipatedinbeing,forthepropositionthatoneiswouldhavebeenidenticalwiththepropositionthatoneisone;
butourhypothesisisnotifoneisone,whatwillfollow,butifoneis:—amInotright?
Quiteright。
Wemeantosay,thatbeinghasnotthesamesignificanceasone?
Ofcourse。
Andwhenweputthemtogethershortly,andsay"Oneis,"thatisequivalenttosaying,"partakesofbeing"?
Quitetrue。
Oncemorethenletusask,ifoneiswhatwillfollow。Doesnotthishypothesisnecessarilyimplythatoneisofsuchanatureastohaveparts?
Howso?
Inthisway:—Ifbeingispredicatedoftheone,iftheoneis,andoneofbeing,ifbeingisone;andifbeingandonearenotthesame;andsincetheone,whichwehaveassumed,is,mustnotthewhole,ifitisone,itselfbe,andhaveforitsparts,oneandbeing?
Certainly。
Andiseachoftheseparts—oneandbeingtobesimplycalledapart,ormusttheword"part"berelativetotheword"whole"?
Thelatter。
Thenthatwhichisoneisbothawholeandhasapart?
Certainly。
Again,ofthepartsoftheone,ifitis—Imeanbeingandone—doeseitherfailtoimplytheother?istheonewantingtobeing,orbeingtotheone?
Impossible。
Thus,eachofthepartsalsohasinturnbothoneandbeing,andisattheleastmadeupoftwoparts;andthesameprinciplegoesonforever,andeverypartwhateverhasalwaysthesetwoparts;forbeingalwaysinvolvesone,andonebeing;sothatoneisalwaysdisappearing,andbecomingtwo。
Certainly。
Andsotheone,ifitis,mustbeinfiniteinmultiplicity?
Clearly。
Letustakeanotherdirection。
Whatdirection?
Wesaythattheonepartakesofbeingandthereforeitis?
Yes。
第6章