Atfirstblushitmayberalliedasatheoreticalspeculation；butexaminationwillproveittobesolidandsalutary。Itwouldfurnishmatterforafinepreambletoourfirstlawforappropriatingthepublicrevenue；anditwillexclude，atthethresholdofournewgovernmentthecontagiousandruinouserrorsofthisquarteroftheglobe，whichhavearmeddespotswithmeansnotsanctionedbynatureforbindinginchainstheirfellow-men。Wehavealreadygiven，inexampleoneeffectualchecktotheDogofwar，bytransferringthepoweroflettinghimloosefromtheexecutivetotheLegislativebody，fromthosewhoaretospendtothosewhoaretopay。Ishouldbepleasedtoseethissecondobstacleheldoutbyusalsointhefirstinstance。Nonationcanmakeadeclarationagainstthevalidityoflong-contracteddebtssodisinterestedlyaswe，sincewedonotoweashillingwhichmaynotbepaidwitheaseprincipalandinterest，withinthetimeofourownlives。Establishtheprinciplealsointhenewlawtobepassedforprotectingcopyrightsandnewinventions，bysecuringtheexclusiverightfor19。insteadof14。
years_[alineentirelyfaded]_aninstancethemoreofourtakingreasonforourguideinsteadofEnglishprecedents，thehabitofwhichfettersus，withallthepoliticalhereciesofanation，equallyremarkableforit’sencitementfromsomeerrors，aslongslumberingunderothers。Iwriteyounonews，becausewhenanoccasionoccursIshallwriteaseparateletterforthat。
ADIEUTOFRANCE
_ToMadamed’Enville_
_NewYork，April2，1790_
Ihadhoped，MadamelaDuchesse，tohaveagainhadthehonorofpayingmyrespectstoyouinParis，butthewishofourgovernmentthatIshouldtakeashareinitsadministration，hasbecomealawtome。CouldIhavepersuadedmyselfthatpublicofficesweremadeforprivateconvenience，Ishouldundoubtedlyhavepreferredacontinuanceinthatwhichplacedmenearertoyou；butbelievingonthecontrarythatagoodcitizenshouldtakehisstandwherethepublicauthoritymarshalshim，Ihaveacquiesced。Amongthecircumstanceswhichreconcilemetomynewpositionthemostpowerfulistheopportunitiesitwillgivemeofcementingthefriendshipbetweenourtwonations。Beassuredthattodothisisthefirstwishofmyheart。Ihavebutonesystemofethicsformen&fornations——tobegrateful，tobefaithfultoallengagementsandunderallcircumstances，tobeopen&generous，promotesinthelongruneventheinterestsofboth；andIamsureitpromotestheirhappiness。Thechangeinyourgovernmentwillapproximateustooneanother。Youhavehadsomechecks，somehorrorssinceIleftyou；
butthewaytoheaven，youknow，hasalwaysbeensaidtobestrewedwiththorns。Whyyournationhavehadfewerthananyotheronearth，Idonotknow，unlessitbethatitisthebestonearth。IfI
assureyou，Madam，moreover，thatIconsideryourselfpersonallyaswiththeforemostofyournationineveryvirtue，itisnotflattery，myheartknowsnotthat，itisahomagetosacredtruth，itisatributeIpaywithcordialitytoacharacterinwhichIsawbutoneerror；itwasthatoftreatingmewithadegreeoffavorIdidnotmerit。BeassuredIshalleverretainalivelysenseofallyourgoodnesstome，whichwasacircumstanceofprincipalhappinesstomeduringmystayinParis。Ihopethatbythistimeyouhaveseenthatmyprognosticationsofasuccessfulissuetoyourrevolutionhavebeenverified。Ifearedforyouduringashortinterval；butafterthedeclarationofthearmy，tho’theremightbeepisodesofdistress，thedenoumentwasoutofdoubt。HeavensendthatthegloriousexampleofyourcountrymaybebutthebeginningofthehistoryofEuropeanliberty，andthatyoumaylivemanyyearsinhealth&happinesstoseeatlengththatheavendidnotmakemaninit’swrath。AcceptthehomageofthosesentimentsofsincereandrespectfullesteemwithwhichIhavethehonortobe，MadamelaDuchesse，yourmostaffectionate&obedienthumbleservant。
READINGTHELAW
_ToJohnGarlandJefferson_
_NewYork，June11，1790_
DEARSIR，——YourunclemrGarlandinformsme，that，youreducationbeingfinished，youaredesirousofobtainingsomeclerkshiporsomethingelseundergovernmentwherebyyoumayturnyourtalentstosomeaccountforyourselfandhehadsupposeditmightbeinmypowertoprovideyouwithsomesuchoffice。Hiscommendationsofyouaresuchastoinducemetowishsincerelytobeofservicetoyou。Butthereisnot，andhasnotbeen，asinglevacantofficeatmydisposal。NorwouldI，asyourfriend，everthinkofputtingyouintothepettyclerkshipsintheseveraloffices，whereyouwouldhavetodrudgethroughlifeforamiserablepittance，withoutahopeofbetteringyoursituation。Buthetellsmeyouarealsodisposedtothestudyofthelaw。Thisthereforebringsitmorewithinmypowertoserveyou。ItwillbenecessaryforyouinthatcasetogoandlivesomewhereinmyneighborhoodinAlbemarle。TheinclosedlettertoColo。LewisnearCharlottesvillewillshowyouwhatIhavesupposedcouldbebestdoneforyouthere。
Itisageneralpracticetostudythelawintheofficeofsomelawyer。Thisindeedgivestothestudenttheadvantageofhisinstruction。ButIhaveeverseenthattheservicesexpectedinreturnhavebeenmorethantheinstructionshavebeenworth。Allthatisnecessaryforastudentisaccesstoalibrary，anddirectionsinwhatorderthebooksaretoberead。ThisIwilltakethelibertyofsuggestingtoyou，observingpreviouslythatasotherbranchesofscience，andespeciallyhistory，arenecessarytoformalawyer，thesemustbecarriedontogether。Iwillarrangethebookstobereadintothreecolumns，andproposethatyoushouldreadthoseinthefirstcolumntill12。oclockeveryday：thoseinthe2d。from12。to2。thoseinthe3d。aftercandlelight，leavingalltheafternoonforexerciseandrecreation，whichareasnecessaryasreading：Iwillrathersaymorenecessary，becausehealthisworthmorethanlearning。
1st。
CokeonLittletonCoke’s2d。3d。&4th。
institutes。
Coke’sreports。
Vaughan’sdoSalkeld’sLd。Raymond’sStrange’s。
Burrows’sKaim’sPrinciplesofequity。
Vernon’sreports。
PeereWilliams。
PrecedentsinChancery。
TracyAtheyns。
Verey。
Hawkin’sPleasofthecrown。
Blackstone。
Virginialaws。
2d。
Dalrymple’sfeudalsystem。
Hale’shistoryoftheCom。law。
GilbertonDevisesUses。
Tenures。
Rents。
Distresses。
Ejectments。
Executions。
Evidence。
Sayer’slawofcosts。
Lambard’scirconantia。
Bacon。vocePleas&Pleadings。
Cunningham’slawofbills。
Molloydejuremaritimo。
Lockeongovernment。
Montesquieu’sSpiritoflaw。
Smith’swealthofnations。
Beccaria。
Kaim’smoralessays。
Vattel’slawofnations。
3d。
Mallet’sNorthantiquit’。
HistoryofEnglandin3。volsfoliocompiledbyKennet。
Ludlow’smemoirsBurnet’shistory。
Ld。Orrery’shistory。
Burke’sGeorgeIII。
Robertson’shist。ofScotl’dRobertson’shist。ofAmerica。
OtherAmericanhistories。
Voltaire’shistoricalworks。
ShouldtherebeanylittleintervalsinthedaynototherwiseoccupiedfillthemupbyreadingLowthe’sgrammar，Blair’slecturesonrhetoric，Masononpoetic&prosaicnumbers，Bolingbroke’sworksforthesakeofthestile，whichisdeclamatory&elegant，theEnglishpoetsforthesakeofthestylealso。
AsmrPeterCarrinGoochlandisengagedinacourseoflawreading，andhasmybooksforthatpurpose，itwillbenecessaryforyoutogotomrsCarr’s，andtoreceivesuchasheshallbethendonewith，andsettlewithhimaplanofreceivingfromhimregularthebeforementionedbooksasfastasheshallgetthroughthem。ThelossesIhavesustainedbylendingmybookswillbemyapologytoyouforaskingyourparticularattentiontothereplacingtheminthepressesasfastasyoufinishthem，andnottolendthemtoanybodyelse，norsufferanybodytohaveabookoutoftheStudyundercoverofyourname。Youwillfind，whenyougetthere，thatIhavehadreasontoaskthisexactness。
Iwouldhaveyoudeterminebeforehandtomakeyourselfathoroughlawyer，¬becontentedwithameresmattering。Itissuperiorityofknowledgewhichcanaloneliftyouabovetheheadsofyourcompetitors，andensureyousuccess。Ithinkthereforeyoumustcalculateondevotingbetweentwo&threeyearstothiscourseofreading，beforeyouthinkofcommencingpractice。Wheneverthatbegins，thereisanendofreading。
Ishallbegladtohearfromyoufromtimetotime，andshallhopetoseeyouinthefallinAlbemarle，towhichplaceIproposeavisitinthatseason。InthemeantimewishingyoualltheindustryofpatientperseverancewhichthiscourseofreadingwillrequireI
amwithgreatesteemDearSirYourmostobedientfriend&servant。
WHIPPOORWILLSANDSTRAWBERRIES
_ToMaryJefferson_
_NewYork，June13，1790_
MYDEARMARIA——IhaverecievedyourletterofMay23。whichwasinanswertomineofMay2。butIwroteyoualsoonthe23d。ofMay，sothatyoustillowemeananswertothat，whichIhopeisnowontheroad。Inmattersofcorrespondenceaswellasofmoneyyoumustneverbeindebt。Iammuchpleasedwiththeaccountyougivemeofyouroccupations，andthemakingthepuddingisasgoodanarticleofthemasany。WhenIcometoVirginiaIshallinsistoneatingapuddingofyourownmaking，aswellasontryingotherspecimensofyourskill。Youmustmakethemostofyourtimewhileyouarewithsogoodanauntwhocanlearnyoueverything。Wehadnotpeasnorstrawberriesheretillthe8th。dayofthismonth。OnthesamedayIheardthefirstWhip-poor-willwhistle。Swallowsandmartinsappearedhereonthe21st。ofApril。Whendidtheyappearwithyou?Andwhenhadyoupeas，strawberries，andwhip-poor-willsinVirginia?Takenoticehereafterwhetherthewhip-poor-willsalwayscomewiththestrawberriesandpeas。SendmeacopyofthemaximsIgaveyou，alsoalistofthebooksIpromisedyou。Ihavehadalongtouchofmyperiodicalheadach，butaverymoderateone。
Ithasnotquiteleftmeyet。Adieu，mydear，loveyouruncle，auntandcousins，andmemorethanall。Your’saffectionately，RICEFROMTIMORANDAFRICA
_ToSamuelVaughan，Jr。_
_Philadelphia，Nov。27，1790_
DEARSIR——IfeelmyselfmuchindebtedtoMr。Vaughanyourfatherfortheopportunityhehasfurnishedmeofadirectcorrespondencewithyou，andalsotoyourselffortheseedsoftheMountainriceyouhavebeensogoodastosendme。IhadbeforereceivedfromyourbrotherinLondonsomeofthesameparcelbroughtbyCapt。Bligh；butitwassolateinthespringofthepresentyearthatthotheplantscameupandgrewluxuriantly，theydidnotproduceseed。YourpresentwillenablemetoenlargetheexperimentIproposeforthenextyear，andforwhichIhadstillreservedafewseedsoftheformerparcel。AbouttwomonthsagoIwasfortunateenoughtorecieveacaskofmountainricefromthecoastofAfrica。
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