首页 >出版文学> An Introduction to the Study of Robert Browning’s>第10章
  OnlythemanwhosuppliesnewfeelingfreshfromGod,quickensandregeneratestherace,andsetsitontheKing’shighwayfromwhichithaswanderedintoby-ways——notthemanofmereintellect,ofunkindledsoul,thatsuppliesonlystark-nakedthought。Throughtheformer,”GodstoopingshowssufficientofHislightforthosei’thedarktoriseby。”
  `R。andB。,Pompilia’。Inhimmendiscern”thedawnofthenextnature,thenewmanwhosewilltheyventureintheplaceoftheirs,andwhomtheytrusttofindthemoutnewwaystothenewheightswhichyetheonlysees。”`Luria’。
  Itisbyreachingtowards,anddoingfealtyto,thegreaterspiritwhichattractsandabsorbstheirown,that,”tracebytraceoldmemoriesreappear,oldtruthreturns,theirslowthoughtdoesitswork,andall’sre-known。”`Luria’。”SomeexistencelikeapactAndprotestagainstChaos,……Thefullesteffluenceofthefinestmind,Allindegree,nowaydiverseinkindFrommindsaboveit,mindswhich,moreorlessLoftyorlow,moveseekingtoimpressThemselvesonsomewhat;butonemindhasclimbedStepafterstep,byjustascentsublimed。
  Thoughtisthesoulofact,and,stagebystage,Issoulfrombodystilltodisengage,AstendingtoafreedomwhichrejectsSuchhelp,andincorporeallyaffectsTheworld,producingdeedsbutnotbydeeds,Swaying,inothers,framesitselfexceeds,AssigningthemthesimplertasksitusedTopatientlyperformtillSongproducedActs,bythoughtsonly,forthemind:divestMindofe’enThought,and,lo,God’sunexpressedWilldawnsaboveus!”`Sordello’。
  Adangeroustendencyofcivilizationisthattowardscrystallization——
  towardshardened,inflexibleconventionalismswhich”refusethesoulitsway”。
  Suchcrystallization,suchconventionalisms,yieldonlytothedissolvingpowerofthespiritualwarmthoflife-fullpersonalities。
  Thequickening,regeneratingpowerofpersonalityiseverywhereexhibitedinBrowning’spoetry。Itisemphasizedin`Luria’,andintheMonologuesoftheCanonCaponsacchiandPompilia,inthe`RingandtheBook’;itshinesout,orglintsforth,in`Colombe’sBirthday’,in`Saul’,in`Sordello’,andinalltheLovepoems。Iwouldsay,enpassant,thatLoveisalwaystreatedbyBrowningasaSPIRITUALclaim;
  whileDUTYmaybeonlyaworldlyone。SEEespeciallythepoementitled`Bifurcation’。In`Balaustion’sAdventure:
  includingatransciptfromEuripides’,theregeneratingpowerofpersonalitymaybesaidtobetheleaveningidea,whichthepoethasintroducedintotheGreekplay。Itisentirelyabsentintheoriginal。Itbaptizes,sotospeak,theGreekplay,andconvertsitintoaChristianpoem。Itisthe”newtruth”
  ofthepoet’s`ChristmasEve’。
  Afterthemourningfriendshavespokentheirwordsofconsolationtothebereavedhusband,thelastwordbeing,”Dead,thywife——
  living,thelovesheleft”,Admetos”turnedonthecomfort,withnotears,thistime。HEWASBEGINNINGTOBELIKEHISWIFE。
  Itoldyouofthatpressuretothepoint,wordslowpursuingwordinmonotone,Alkestisspokewith;soAdmetos,now,solemnlyboretheburdenofthetruth。Andasthevoiceofhimgrew,gatheredstrength,andgroanedon,andpersistedtotheend,wefelthowdeephadbeendescentingrief,andWITHWHATCHANGE
  HECAMEUPNOWTOLIGHT,andleftbehindsuchlittlenessastears。”
  AndwhenAlkestiswasbroughtbackbyHerakles,”theherotwitchedtheveiloff:andtherestood,withsuchfixedeyesandsuchslowsmile,Alkestis’silentself!Itwasthecrowninggraceofthatgreathearttokeepbackjoy:procrastinatethetruthuntilthewife,whohadmadeproofandfoundthehusbandwanting,mightessayoncemore,hear,see,andfeelhimRENOVATEDnow——
  ABLETODO,NOW,ALLHERSELFHADDONE,RISENTOTHEHEIGHTOFHER:
  so,handinhand,thetwomightgotogether,liveanddie。”
  ComparewiththistherestorationofHermionetoherhusband,in`TheWinter’sTale’,ActV。
  AgoodintellecthasbeencharacterizedasthechorusofDivinity。
  Substitutefor”goodintellect”,anexultedmagneticpersonality,andthethoughtisdeepened。AnexaltedmagneticpersonalityisthechorusofDivinity,which,inthegreatDramaofHumanity,guidesandinterpretsthefeelingsandsympathiesofothersoulsandthusadjuststheirattitudestowardstheDivine。
  ItisnotthehighestfunctionofsuchapersonalitytoTEACH,butrathertoINFORM,intheearlieranddeepersenseoftheword。
  Whatevermeredoctrinehemaypromulgate,isofinferiorimportancetothespontaneousactionofhisconcretelife,inwhichtheTrue,theBeautiful,andtheGood,breatheandlive。Whatisborninthebraindiesthere,itmaybe;atbest,itdoesnot,andcannotofitself,leaduptothefullconcretelife。
  Itisonlythroughthespontaneouandunconsciousfealtywhichaninferiordoestoasuperiorsoulafealtyresultingfromtheresponsivenessofspirittospirit,thattheformerisslowlyandsilentlytransformedintoamoreorlessapproximateimageofthelatter。Thestrongerpersonalityleadstheweakeronbypathswhichtheweakerknowsnot,upwardheleadshim,thoughhisstepsbeslowandvacillating。
  Humility,intheChristiansense,meansthisfealtytothehigher。
  Itdoesn’tmeanself-abasement,self-depreciation,asithasbeenunderstoodtomean,byboththeRomishandtheProtestantChurch。
  Pride,intheChristiansense,istheclosingofthedoorsofthesoultoagreatmagneticguest。
  Browningbeautifullyexpressesthetransmissionofpersonalityinhis`Saul’。ButaccordingtoBrowning’sidea,personalitycannotstrictlybesaidtobetransmitted。PersonalityratherevokesitsLIKEfromothersouls,whichare”allindegree,nowaydiverseinkind。”`Sordello’。
  DavidhasreachedanadvancedstageinhissymbolicsongtoSaul。
  Hethinksnowwhatnextheshallurge”tosustainhimwheresonghadrestoredhim?——Songfilledtothevergehiscupwiththewineofthislife,pressingallthatityieldsofmerefruitage,thestrengthandthebeauty:beyond,onwhatfieldsgleanavintagemorepotentandperfecttobrightentheeyeandbringbloodtothelip,andcommendthemthecuptheyputby?”Sooncemorethestringoftheharpmakesresponsetohisspirit,andhesings:——”Inourfleshgrowsthebranchofthislife,inoursoulitbearsfruit。
  Thouhastmarkedtheslowriseofthetree,——howitsstemtrembledfirstTillitpassedthekid’slip,thestag’santler;thensafelyoutburstThefan-branchesallround;andthoumindestwhenthese,too,inturnBrokea-bloomandthepalm-treeseemedperfect;yetmorewastolearn,E’enthegoodthatcomesinwiththepalm-fruit。Ourdatesshallweslight,Whentheirjuicebringsacureforallsorrow?orcarefortheplightOfthepalm’sselfwhoseslowgrowthproducedthem?Notso!
  stemandbranchShalldecay,norbeknownintheirplace,whilethepalm-wineshallstaunchEverywoundofman’sspiritinwinter。Ipourtheesuchwine。
  Leavethefleshtothefateitwasfitfor!thespiritbethine!
  Bythespirit,whenageshallo’ercomethee,thoustillshaltenjoyMoreindeed,thanatfirstwhen,inconscious,thelifeofaboy。
  Crushthatlife,andbeholditswinerunning!eachdeedthouhastdoneDies,revives,goestoworkintheworld;untile’enasthesunLookingdownontheearth,thoughcloudsspoilhim,thoughtempestsefface,Canfindnothinghisowndeedproducednot,musteverywheretraceTheresultsofhispastsummer-prime,——SO,EACHRAYOFTHYWILL,EVERYFLASHOFTHYPASSIONANDPROWESS,LONGOVER,SHALLTHRILL
  THYWHOLEPEOPLE,THECOUNTLESS,WITHARDOUR,TILLTHEYTOOGIVEFORTH
  ALIKECHEERTOTHEIRSONS:WHOINTURN,FILLTHESOUTHANDTHENORTH
  WITHTHERADIANCETHYDEEDWASTHEGERMOF。”
  Intheconcludinglinesissetforthwhatmightbecharacterizedastheapostolicsuccessionofagreatpersonality——thesuccessionofthose”whointurnfilltheSouthandtheNorthwiththeradiancehisdeedwasthegermof。”
  WhatfollowsinDavid’ssonggivesexpressiontotheothermodeoftransmittingagreatpersonality——thatis,throughrecordsthat”giveunborngenerationstheirdueandtheirpartinhisbeing”,andalsotowhatthoserecordsowetheireffectiveness,andaresavedfrombecomingadeadletter。”IsSauldead?Inthedepthofthevalemakehistomb——bidariseAgreymountainofmarbleheapedfour-square,till,builttotheskies,LetitmarkwherethegreatFirstKingslumbers:whosefamewouldyeknow?
  Upaboveseetherock’snakedface,wheretherecordshallgoIngreatcharacterscutbythescribe,——SuchwasSaul,sohedid;
  Withthesagesdirectingthework,bythepopulacechid,——
  Fornothalf,they’llaffirm,iscomprisedthere!Whichfaulttoamend,Inthegrovewithhiskindgrowsthecedar,whereontheyshallspendSee,intablets’tislevelbeforethemtheirpraise,andrecordWiththegoldofthegraver,Saul’sstory,——thestatesman’sgreatwordSidebysidewiththepoet’ssweetcomment。Theriver’sa-waveWithsmoothpaper-reedsgrazingeachotherwhenprophet-windsrave:
  SothepengivesunborngenerationstheirdueandtheirpartInthybeing!Then,firstofthemighty,thankGodthatthouart!”
  WhatissaidinthispassageisapplicabletotherecordwehaveofChrist’slifeuponearth。ChristianityhasonlytoaverylimitedextentbeenperpetuatedthroughtheletteroftheNewTestament。Ithasbeenperpetuatedchieflythroughtransmissionsofpersonalities,throughapostolicsuccession,inageneralsense,andthroughembodimentsofhisspiritinartandliterature——”thestateman’sgreatword”,”thepoet’ssweetcomment”。Wereitnotforthistransmissionofthequickeningpowerofpersonality,theNewTestamentwouldbetoagreatextentadeadletter。Itowesitssignificancetothequickenedspiritwhichisbroughttothereadingofit。
  ThepersonalityofChristcouldnotbe,throughaplasticsympathy,mouldedoutoftheNewTestamentrecords,withouttheaidofintermediatepersonalities。
  TheMessianicideawasnotpeculiartotheJewishrace——
  theideaofaPersongatheringupwithinhimself,inaneffectivefulnessandharmony,therestorativeelementsofhumanity,whichhavelosttheirpowerthroughdispersionandconsequentobscuration。
  TherehavebeenMessiahsofvariousordersandranksineveryage,——
  greatpersonalitiesthathaverealizedtoagreaterorlessextentthoughtherehasbeenbutone,theGod-Man,whofullyrealized,thespiritualpotentialitiesinman,thathavestooduponthesharpestheightsasbeaconstotheirfellows。Intheindividualthespecieshas,asitwere,beengatheredup,epitomized,andintensified,andhehasthusbeenaprophecy,andtosomeextentafulfilmentofhumandestiny。”Apoetmustbeearth’sESSENTIALking”,asSordelloasserts,andheisthatbyvirtueofhisexertingorsheddingtheinfluenceofhisessentialpersonality。”Ifcaringnottoexerttheproperessenceofhisroyalty,he,thepoet,triflemalapertwithaccidentsinstead——
  goodthingsassignedasheraldsofabetterthingbehind”——heis”deposedfromhiskinglythrone,andhisgloryistakenfromhim”。
  Ofhimself,Sordellosays:”Thepowerhetookmostpridetotest,wherebyallformsoflifehadbeenprofessedatpleasure,formsalreadyontheearth,wasbutameansofpowerbeyond,whosebirthshould,initsnovelty,bekingship’sproof。Now,whetherhecamenearorkeptalooftheseveralformshelongedtoimitate,nottherethekingshiplay,heseestoolate。Thoseforms,unalterablefirstaslast,provedhimhercopier,nottheprotoplastofnature:whatcouldcomeofbeingfreebyactiontoexhibittreefortree,bird,beast,forbeastandbird,orproveearthboreoneveritablemanorwomanmore?Meanstoanendsuchproofsare:
  whattheend?”
  TheanswergiveninvolvesthegreatBrowningideaofthequickeningpowerofpersonality:”Letessence,whatsoe’eritbe,extend——nevercontract!”
  By”essence”wemustunderstandthatwhich”constitutesman’sself,iswhatIs”,asthedyingJohn,in`ADeathintheDesert’,expressesit——thatwhichbackstheactivepowersandtheconsciousintellect,”subsistingwhethertheyassistorno”。”Letessence,whatsoe’eritbe,extend——nevercontract!”
  Sordellosays。”Alreadyyouincludethemultitude”;thatis,yougatherupinyourself,inaneffectivefulnessandharmony,whatliesscatteredandineffectiveinthemultitude;”thenletthemulitudeincludeyourself”;thatis,besubstantiated,essencedwithyourself;”andtheresultwerenew:themselvesbefore,themultitudeturnYOU”becomeyourself。”Thisweretoliveandmoveandhave,inthem,yourbeing,andsecureadiademyoushouldtransmitbecausenocycleyearnsbeyonditself,butonitselfreturnswhenthefullsphereinwane,theworldo’erlaidlongsincewithyou,shallhaveinturnobeyedsomeorbstillprouder,somedisplayer,stillmorepotentthanthelast,ofhumanwill,andsomenewkingdeposetheold。”