itmustbemixedwithalloytogainthenecessarypowerofresistance。
Theringonceformedandembossed,thealloyisdisengaged,andapuregoldornamentremains。Mr。Browning’smaterialwasalsoinadequatetohispurpose,thoughfromadifferentcause。
ItwastooHARD。Itwas`purecrudefact’,secretedfromthefluidbeingofthemenandwomenwhoseexperienceithadformed。Initsexistingstateitwouldhavebrokenupundertheartisticattempttoweldandroundit。
Hesuppliedanalloy,thealloyoffancy,orashealsocallsit
ofonefactmore:thisfactbeingtheechoofthosepastexistencesawakenedwithinhisown。Hebreathedintothedeadrecordthebreathofhisownlife;andwhenhisringofevidencehadre-formed,firstinelastictheninsolidstrength,heredelicatelyincised,therebroadlystampedwithhumanthoughtandpassion,hecouldcastfancyaside,andbidhisreadersrecogniseinwhathesetbeforethemunadulteratedhumantruth。“Mrs。Orr。
Ontheafternoonofthedayonwhichhemadehispurchasehereadthebookfromendtoend。“ASpiritlaughedandleaptthrougheverylimb。“Themidsummerheatshadcausedthunder-cloudstocongregateaboveVallombrosaandthewholevalleyofArno:
andtheairinFlorencewaspainfullysultry。ThepoetstoodbyhimselfonhisterraceatCasaGuidi,andashewatchedthefireflieswanderingfromtheenclosedgardens,andthesheet-lightningsquiveringthroughtheheatedatmosphere,hismindwasbusyinrefashioningtheoldtaleoflovelessmarriageandcrime。
“BeneathI’thestreet,quickshownbyopeningsoftheskyWhenflamefellsilentlyfromcloudtocloud,RicherthanthatgoldsnowJoverainedonRhodes,Thetownsmenwalkedbytwosandthrees,andtalked,Drinkingtheblacknessindefaultofair
Abusyhumansensebeneathmyfeet:
Whileinandouttheterrace-plants,androundOnebranchoftalldatura,waxedandwanedThelamp-flyluredthere,wantingthewhiteflower。“
Scenebyscenewasre-enacted,thoughofcourseonlyincertainessentialdetails。ThefinalfoodfortheimaginationwasfoundinapamphletofwhichhecameintopossessionofinLondon,whereseveralimportantmattersweregivenwhichhadnoplaceinthevolumehehadpickedupinFlorence。
Much,farthegreaterpart,ofthefirst“book“isinteresting!
Itismereverse。Asverse,even,itisoftensoinvolved,somusiclessoccasionally,sobanalnowandagain,soinartisticincolouraswellasinform,thatonewould,havingapprehendeditsexplanatoryinterest,passonwithoutregret,wereitnotforthenobleclosethepassionate,out-wellinglinesto“thetruestpoetIhaveeverknown,“thebeautifulsoulwhohadgivenheralltohim,whom,butfouryearsbeforehewrotethesewords,hehadlaidtorestamongthecypressesandilexesoftheoldFlorentinegardenofthedead。
“OlyricLove,halfangelandhalfbirdAndallawonderandawilddesire,
Boldestofheartsthateverbravedthesun,Tooksanctuarywithintheholierblue,Andsangakindredsoulouttohisface,
Yethumanatthered-ripeoftheheart
WhenthefirstsummonsfromthedarklingearthReachedtheeamidthychambers,blanchedtheirblue,Andbaredthemoftheglorytodropdown,Totoilforman,tosufferortodie,
Thisisthesamevoice:canthysoulknowchange?
Hailthen,andhearkenfromtherealmsofhelp!
NevermayIcommencemysong,mydueToGodwhobesttaughtsongbygiftofthee,Exceptwithbentheadandbeseechinghand
Thatstill,despitethedistanceandthedark,Whatwas,againmaybe;someinterchangeOfgrace,somesplendouroncethyverythought,Somebenedictionancientlythysmile:
Neverconclude,butraisinghandandheadThitherwhereeyes,thatcannotreach,yetyearnForallhope,allsustainment,allreward,Theirutmostupandon,soblessingbackInthosethyrealmsofhelp,thatheaventhyhome,Somewhitenesswhich,Ijudge,thyfacemakesproud,Somewannesswhere,Ithink,thyfootmayfall!“
Thereafter,forcloseuponfivethousandwords,thepoemdescendsagaintothelevelofaversifiedtale。Itissavedfromruinbysubtletyofintellect,strikingdramaticverisimilitude,anextraordinaryvigour,andoccasionallinesofrealpoetry。
Retrospectively,apartfromtheinterest,oftenstrainedtotheutmost,mostreaders,Ifancy,willrecallwithlingeringpleasureonlytheopeningof“TheOtherHalfRome“,thedescriptionofPompilia,“withthepatientbrowandlamentablesmile,“withflower-likebody,inwhitehospitalarrayachildwitheyesofinfinitepathos,“whetheraflowerorweed,ruined:whodiditshallaccounttoChrist。“
InthesethreeintroductorybookswehavetheviewofthemattertakenbythosewhosidewithCountGuido,ofthosewhoareallforPompilia,andofthe“superiorperson“,impartialbecausesuperciliouslyindifferent,thoughsufficientlyinterestedto“opine“。
Intheensuingthreebooksamuchhigherpoeticlevelisreached。
Inthefirst,Guidospeaks;inthesecond,Caponsacchi;thethird,thatlustrousopalsetmidwayinthe“Ring“,isPompilia’snarrative。
Herethethreeprotagonistsliveandmovebeforeoureyes。
Thesixthbookmaybesaidtobetheheartofthewholepoem。
TheextremeintellectualsubtletyofGuido’spleastandsquiteunrivalledinpoeticliterature。Incomparingit,foritspoeticbeauty,withothersections,thereadermustbearinmindthatinapoemofadramaticnaturethedramaticproprietiesmustbedominant。
ItwouldbeobviouslyinappropriatetomakeCountGuidoFranceschinispeakwiththedignityofthePope,withtheexquisitepathosofPompilia,withtheardour,likesuppressedmoltenlava,ofCaponsacchi。
Theself-defenceofthelatterisasuperbpieceofdramaticwriting。
Onceortwicetheflamingvolcanoofhisheartburstsupwarduncontrollably,aswhenhecries
“No,sirs,Icannothavetheladydead!
Thaterectform,flashingbrow,fulguranteye,Thatvoiceimmortaloh,thatvoiceofhers!
ThatvisionofthepaleelectricswordAngelsgoarmedwiththatwasnotthelastO’thelady。Come,Iseethroughit,youfind,Knowthemanoeuvre!AlsoherselfsaidIhadsavedher:doyoudaresayshespokefalse?
Letmeseeformyselfifitbeso!“
Thanthepoignantpathosandbeautyof“Pompilia“,thereisnothingmoreexquisiteinourliterature。Itstandsalone。HereatlastwehavethepoetwhoistheLancelottoShakespeare’sArthur。
Ittakesasupremeeffortofgeniustobeassimpleasachild。
Howmarvellously,afterthealmostsublimehypocrisyoftheendofGuido’sdefence,afterthebeautifuldignityofCaponsacchi’sclosingwords,culminatingabruptlyintheheart-wrungcry,“Ogreat,just,goodGod!
miserableme!“howmarvellouslycomesuponthereaderthedelicate,tearfultendernessoftheinnocentchild-wife
“Iamjustseventeenyearsandfivemonthsold,And,ifIlivedonedaymore,threefullweeks;
’Tiswritsointhechurch’sregister,LorenzoinLucina,allmynamesAtlength,somanynamesforonepoorchild,FrancescaCamillaVittoriaAngelaPompiliaComparinilaughable!“
Onlytwowritersofouragehavedepictedwomenwiththatimaginativeinsightwhichisatoncemorecomprehensiveandmoreilluminativethanwomen’sowninvisionofthemselvesRobertBrowningandGeorgeMeredith,butnoteventhelatter,mostsubtleanddelicateofallanalystsofthetragi-comedyofhumanlife,hassurpassed“Pompilia“。
ThemeetingandtheswiftuprisingoflovebetweenLucyandRichard,in“TheOrdealofRichardFeveral“,is,itistrue,withinthehighestreachofproseromance:butbetweeneventheloftiestheightofproseromanceandthealtitudesofpoetry,thereisanimpassablegulf。
Andasitiswithsimplicitysoitiswithtenderness。
Onlythesternlystrongcanbesupremelytender。Andinfinitelytenderisthepoetryof“Pompilia“
“Oh,howgoodGodisthatmybabewasborn,Betterthanborn,baptisedandhidawayBeforethishappened,safefrombeinghurt!
ThathadbeensinGodcouldnotwellforgive:
HEWASTOOYOUNGTOSMILEANDSAVEHIMSELF“
orthelineswhichtellhowasalittlegirlshegaveherrosesnottothespickandspanMadonnaoftheChurch,buttothepoor,dilapidatedVirgin,“atourstreet-cornerinalonelyniche,“
withthebabethathadsatuponherkneesbrokenoff:
orthatpassage,withitsexquisitenaivete,wherePompiliarelateswhyshecalledherboyGaetano,becauseshewished“nooldnameforsorrow’ssake,“sochosethelatestadditiontothesaints,electedonlytwenty-fiveyearsbefore
“So,carefuller,perhaps,Toguardanamesakethanthoseoldsaintsgrow,Tiredoutbythistime,seemyownfivesaints!“
orthese