首页 >出版文学> Life of Johnsonl>第12章

第12章

  ’Thereisoneexpedientbywhichyoumay,insomedegree,continueherpresence。Ifyouwritedownminutelywhatyourememberofherfromyourearliestyears,youwillreaditwithgreatpleasure,andreceivefromitmanyhintsofsoothingrecollection,whentimeshallremoveheryetfartherfromyou,andyourgriefshallbematuredtoveneration。Tothis,howeverpainfulforthepresent,I
  cannotbutadviseyou,astoasourceofcomfortandsatisfactioninthetimetocome;forallcomfortandallsatisfactionissincerelywishedyouby,dearSir,yourmostobliged,mostobedient,andmosthumbleservant,’SAM。JOHNSON。’
  TheRamblerhasincreasedinfameasinage。Soonafteritsfirstfolioeditionwasconcluded,itwaspublishedinsixduodecimovolumes;anditsauthourlivedtoseetennumerouseditionsofitinLondon,besidethoseofIrelandandScotland。
  ThestyleofJohnsonwas,undoubtedly,muchformeduponthatofthegreatwritersinthelastcentury,Hooker,Bacon,Sanderson,Hakewell,andothers;those’GIANTS,’astheywerewellcharacterisedbyAGREATPERSONAGE,whoseauthority,wereItonamehim,wouldstampareverenceontheopinion。
  Johnsonassuredme,thathehadnottakenuponhimtoaddmorethanfourorfivewordstotheEnglishlanguage,ofhisownformation;
  andhewasverymuchoffendedatthegenerallicence,bynomeans’modestlytaken’inhistimenotonlytocoinnewwords,buttousemanywordsinsensesquitedifferentfromtheirestablishedmeaning,andthosefrequentlyveryfantastical。
  SirThomasBrown,whoselifeJohnsonwrote,wasremarkablyfondofAnglo-Latindiction;andtohisexamplewearetoascribeJohnson’ssometimesindulginghimselfinthiskindofphraseology。Johnson’scomprehensionofmindwasthemouldforhislanguage。Hadhisconceptionsbeennarrower,hisexpressionwouldhavebeeneasier。
  Hissentenceshaveadignifiedmarch;and,itiscertain,thathisexamplehasgivenageneralelevationtothelanguageofhiscountry,formanyofourbestwritershaveapproachedveryneartohim;and,fromtheinfluencewhichhehashaduponourcomposition,scarcelyanythingiswrittennowthatisnotbetterexpressedthanwasusualbeforeheappearedtoleadthenationaltaste。
  ThoughTheRamblerwasnotconcludedtilltheyear1752,Ishall,underthisyear,sayallthatIhavetoobserveuponit。Someofthetranslationsofthemottosbyhimselfareadmirablydone。Heacknowledgestohavereceived’eleganttranslations’ofmanyofthemfromMr。JamesElphinston;andsomeareveryhappilytranslatedbyaMr。F。Lewis,ofwhomIneverheardmore,exceptthatJohnsonthusdescribedhimtoMr。Malone:’Sir,helivedinLondon,andhunglooseuponsociety。’
  HisjustabhorrenceofMilton’spoliticalnotionswaseverstrong。
  ButthisdidnotpreventhiswarmadmirationofMilton’sgreatpoeticalmerit,towhichhehasdoneillustriousjustice,beyondallwhohavewrittenuponthesubject。AndthisyearhenotonlywroteaPrologue,whichwasspokenbyMr。GarrickbeforetheactingofComusatDrury-lanetheatre,forthebenefitofMilton’sgrand-
  daughter,buttookaveryzealousinterestinthesuccessofthecharity。
  1751:AETAT。42。]——In1751wearetoconsiderhimascarryingonbothhisDictionaryandRambler。
  ThoughJohnson’scircumstanceswereatthistimefarfrombeingeasy,hishumaneandcharitabledispositionwasconstantlyexertingitself。Mrs。AnnaWilliams,daughterofaveryingeniousWelshphysician,andawomanofmorethanordinarytalentsandliterature,havingcometoLondoninhopesofbeingcuredofacataractinbothhereyes,whichafterwardsendedintotalblindness,waskindlyreceivedasaconstantvisitorathishousewhileMrs。Johnsonlived;andafterherdeath,havingcomeunderhisroofinordertohaveanoperationuponhereyesperformedwithmorecomforttoherthaninlodgings,shehadanapartmentfromhimduringtherestofherlife,atalltimeswhenhehadahouse。
  1752:AETAT。43。]——In1752hewasalmostentirelyoccupiedwithhisDictionary。ThelastpaperofhisRamblerwaspublishedMarch2,thisyear;afterwhich,therewasacessationforsometimeofanyexertionofhistalentsasanessayist。But,inthesameyear,Dr。
  Hawkesworth,whowashiswarmadmirer,andastudiousimitatorofhisstyle,andthenlivedingreatintimacywithhim,beganaperiodicalpaper,entitledTheAdventurer,inconnectionwithothergentlemen,oneofwhomwasJohnson’smuch-belovedfriend,Dr。
  Bathurst;and,withoutdoubt,theyreceivedmanyvaluablehintsfromhisconversation,mostofhisfriendshavingbeensoassistedinthecourseoftheirworks。
  Thatthereshouldbeasuspensionofhisliterarylaboursduringapartoftheyear1752,willnotseemstrange,whenitisconsideredthatsoonafterclosinghisRambler,hesufferedalosswhich,therecanbenodoubt,affectedhimwiththedeepestdistress。Foronthe17thofMarch,O。S。,hiswifedied。
  ThefollowingverysolemnandaffectingprayerwasfoundafterDr。
  Johnson’sdecease,byhisservant,Mr。FrancisBarber,whodeliveredittomyworthyfriendtheReverendMr。Strahan,VicarofIslington,whoatmyearnestrequesthasobliginglyfavouredmewithacopyofit,whichheandIcomparedwiththeoriginal:
  ’April26,1752,beingafter12atNightofthe25th。
  ’OLord!Governourofheavenandearth,inwhosehandsareembodiedanddepartedSpirits,ifthouhastordainedtheSoulsoftheDeadtoministertotheLiving,andappointedmydepartedWifetohavecareofme,grantthatImayenjoythegoodeffectsofherattentionandministration,whetherexercisedbyappearance,impulses,dreamsorinanyothermanneragreeabletothyGovernment。Forgivemypresumption,enlightenmyignorance,andhowevermeaneragentsareemployed,grantmetheblessedinfluencesofthyholySpirit,throughJesusChristourLord。Amen。’
  Thathisloveforhiswifewasofthemostardentkind,and,duringthelongperiodoffiftyyears,wasunimpairedbythelapseoftime,isevidentfromvariouspassagesintheseriesofhisPrayersandMeditations,publishedbytheReverendMr。Strahan,aswellasfromothermemorials,twoofwhichIselect,asstronglymarkingthetendernessandsensibilityofhismind。
  ’March28,1753。IkeptthisdayastheanniversaryofmyTetty’sdeath,withprayerandtearsinthemorning。IntheeveningI
  prayedforherconditionally,ifitwerelawful。’
  ’April23,1753。IknownotwhetherIdonottoomuchindulgethevainlongingsofaffection;butIhopetheyinteneratemyheart,andthatwhenIdielikemyTetty,thisaffectionwillbeacknowledgedinahappyinterview,andthatinthemeantimeIamincitedbyittopiety。Iwill,however,notdeviatetoomuchfromcommonandreceivedmethodsofdevotion。’
  Herweddingring,whenshebecamehiswife,was,afterherdeath,preservedbyhim,aslongashelived,withanaffectionatecare,inalittleroundwoodenbox,intheinsideofwhichhepastedaslipofpaper,thusinscribedbyhiminfaircharacters,asfollows:
  ’Eheu!
  Eliz。JohnsonNuptaJul。91736,Mortua,eheu!
  Mart。171752。’
  Afterhisdeath,Mr。FrancisBarber,hisfaithfulservantandresiduarylegatee,offeredthismemorialoftendernesstoMrs。LucyPorter,Mrs。Johnson’sdaughter;butshehavingdeclinedtoacceptofit,hehaditenamelledasamourningringforhisoldmaster,andpresentedittohiswife,Mrs。Barber,whonowhasit。
  Ihave,indeed,beentoldbyMrs。Desmoulins,who,beforehermarriage,livedforsometimewithMrs。JohnsonatHampstead,thatsheindulgedherselfincountryairandniceliving,atanunsuitableexpense,whileherhusbandwasdrudginginthesmokeofLondon,andthatshebynomeanstreatedhimwiththatcomplacencywhichisthemostengagingqualityinawife。Butallthisisperfectlycompatiblewithhisfondnessforher,especiallywhenitisrememberedthathehadahighopinionofherunderstanding,andthattheimpressionswhichherbeauty,realorimaginary,hadoriginallymadeuponhisfancy,beingcontinuedbyhabit,hadnotbeeneffaced,thoughsheherselfwasdoubtlessmuchalteredfortheworse。Thedreadfulshockofseparationtookplaceinthenight;
  andheimmediatelydispatchedalettertohisfriend,theReverendDr。Taylor,which,asTaylortoldme,expressedgriefinthestrongestmannerhehadeverread;sothatitismuchtoberegrettedithasnotbeenpreserved。TheletterwasbroughttoDr。
  Taylor,athishouseintheCloisters,Westminster,aboutthreeinthemorning;andasitsignifiedanearnestdesiretoseehim,hegotup,andwenttoJohnsonassoonashewasdressed,andfoundhimintearsandinextremeagitation。Afterbeingalittlewhiletogether,Johnsonrequestedhimtojoinwithhiminprayer。Hethenprayedextempore,asdidDr。Taylor;andthus,bymeansofthatpietywhichwaseverhisprimaryobject,histroubledmindwas,insomedegree,soothedandcomposed。
  Thenextdayhewroteasfollows:
  ’ToTHEREVERENDDR。TAYLOR。
  ’DEARSIR,——Letmehaveyourcompanyandinstruction。Donotliveawayfromme。Mydistressisgreat。
  ’PraydesireMrs。TaylortoinformmewhatmourningIshouldbuyformymotherandMissPorter,andbringanoteinwritingwithyou。
  ’Remembermeinyourprayers,forvainisthehelpofman。Iam,dearSir,&c。
  ’March18,1752。’
  ’SAM。JOHNSON。’