tenancesomeextraordinarily，istomaketheminsolent，andtherestdiscontent;becausetheymayclaimadue.Butcontrariwise，infavor，tousemenwithmuchdifferenceandelectionisgood;foritmakeththepersonspreferredmorethankful，andtherestmoreofficious：becauseallisoffavor.Itisgooddiscretion，nottomaketoomuchofanymanatthefirst;becauseonecannotholdoutthatproportion.Tobegoverned（aswecallit）
　　byoneisnotsafe;foritshowssoftness，andgivesafreedom，toscandalanddisreputation;forthose，thatwouldnotcensureorspeakillofamanimme—
　　diately，willtalkmoreboldlyofthosethataresogreatwiththem，andtherebywoundtheirhonor.
　　Yettobedistractedwithmanyisworse;foritmakesmentobeofthelastimpression，andfullofchange.Totakeadviceofsomefewfriends，iseverhonorable;forlookers—onmanytimesseemorethangamesters;andthevalebestdiscovereththehill.Thereislittlefriendshipintheworld，andleastofallbetweenequals，whichwaswonttobemag—
　　nified.Thatthatis，isbetweensuperiorandin—
　　ferior，whosefortunesmaycomprehendtheonetheother.
　　OfSuitorsOfSuitorsMANYillmattersandprojectsareunder—
　　taken;andprivatesuitsdoputrefythepub—
　　licgood.Manygoodmatters，areundertakenwithbadminds;Imeannotonlycorruptminds，butcraftyminds，thatintendnotperformance.Someembracesuits，whichnevermeantodealeffectu—
　　allyinthem;butiftheyseetheremaybelifeinthematter，bysomeothermean，theywillbecon—
　　tenttowinathank，ortakeasecondreward，oratleasttomakeuse，inthemeantime，ofthesuitor’shopes.Sometakeholdofsuits，onlyforanocca—
　　siontocrosssomeother;ortomakeaninforma—
　　tion，whereoftheycouldnototherwisehaveaptpretext;withoutcarewhatbecomeofthesuit，whenthatturnisserved;or，generally，tomakeothermen’sbusinessakindofentertainment，tobringintheirown.Nay，someundertakesuits，withafullpurposetoletthemfall;totheendtogratifytheadverseparty，orcompetitor.Surelythereisinsomesortarightineverysuit;eitherarightofequity，ifitbeasuitofcontroversy;orarightofdesert，ifitbeasuitofpetition.Ifaffectionleadamantofavorthewrongsideinjustice，lethimratherusehiscountenancetocompoundthematter，thantocarryit.Ifaffectionleadamantofavorthelessworthyindesert，lethimdoit，withoutdepravingordisablingthebetterdeserver.
　　Insuitswhichamandothnotwellunderstand，itisgoodtoreferthemtosomefriendoftrustandjudgment，thatmayreport，whetherhemaydealinthemwithhonor：butlethimchoosewellhisreferendaries，forelsehemaybeledbythenose.
　　Suitorsaresodistastedwithdelaysandabuses，thatplaindealing，indenyingtodealinsuitsatfirst，andreportingthesuccessbarely，andinchal—
　　lengingnomorethanksthanonehathdeserved，isgrownnotonlyhonorable，butalsogracious.Insuitsoffavor，thefirstcomingoughttotakelittleplace：sofarforth，considerationmaybehadofhistrust，thatifintelligenceofthemattercouldnototherwisehavebeenhad，butbyhim，advan—
　　tagebenottakenofthenote，butthepartylefttohisothermeans;andinsomesortrecompensed，forhisdiscovery.Tobeignorantofthevalueofasuit，issimplicity;aswellastobeignorantoftherightthereof，iswantofconscience.Secrecyinsuits，isagreatmeanofobtaining;forvoicingthemtobeinforwardness，maydiscouragesomekindofsuitors，butdothquickenandawakeothers.
　　Buttimingofthesuitistheprincipal.Timing，I
　　say，notonlyinrespectofthepersonthatshouldgrantit，butinrespectofthose，whichareliketocrossit.Letaman，inthechoiceofhismean，ratherchoosethefittestmean，thanthegreatestmean;
　　andratherthemthatdealincertainthings，thanthosethataregeneral.Thereparationofadenial，issometimesequaltothefirstgrant;ifamanshowhimselfneitherdejectednordiscontented.
　　Iniquumpetasutaequumferasisagoodrule，whereamanhathstrengthoffavor：butother—
　　wise，amanwerebetterriseinhissuit;forhe，thatwouldhaveventuredatfirsttohavelostthesuitor，willnotintheconclusionloseboththesuitor，andhisownformerfavor.Nothingisthoughtsoeasyarequesttoagreatperson，ashisletter;andyet，ifitbenotinagoodcause，itissomuchoutofhisreputation.Therearenoworseinstruments，thanthesegeneralcontriversofsuits;
　　fortheyarebutakindofpoison，andinfection，topublicproceedings.
　　OfStudiesOfStudiesSTUDIESservefordelight，forornament，andforability.Theirchiefusefordelight，isinprivatenessandretiring;forornament，isindis—
　　course;andforability，isinthejudgment，anddispositionofbusiness.Forexpertmencanexe—
　　cute，andperhapsjudgeofparticulars，onebyone;
　　butthegeneralcounsels，andtheplotsandmar—
　　shallingofaffairs，comebest，fromthosethatarelearned.Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth;
　　tousethemtoomuchforornament，isaffectation;
　　tomakejudgmentwhollybytheirrules，isthehumorofascholar.Theyperfectnature，andareperfectedbyexperience：fornaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalplants，thatneedproyning，bystudy;
　　andstudiesthemselves，dogiveforthdirectionstoomuchatlarge，excepttheybeboundedinbyex—
　　perience.Craftymencontemnstudies，simplemenadmirethem，andwisemenusethem;fortheyteachnottheirownuse;butthatisawisdomwith—
　　outthem，andabovethem，wonbyobservation.
　　Readnottocontradictandconfute;nortobelieveandtakeforgranted;nortofindtalkanddis—
　　course;buttoweighandconsider.Somebooksaretobetasted，otherstobeswallowed，andsomefewtobechewedanddigested;thatis，somebooksaretobereadonlyinparts;otherstoberead，butnotcuriously;andsomefewtobereadwholly，andwithdiligenceandattention.Somebooksalsomaybereadbydeputy，andextractsmadeofthembyothers;butthatwouldbeonlyinthelessimpor—
　　tantarguments，andthemeanersortofbooks，elsedistilledbooksarelikecommondistilledwaters，flashythings.Readingmakethafullman;confer—
　　enceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.Andtherefore，ifamanwritelittle，hehadneedhaveagreatmemory;ifheconferlittle，hehadneedhaveapresentwit：andifhereadlittle，hehadneedhavemuchcunning，toseemtoknow，thathedothnot.Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;
　　themathematicssubtile;naturalphilosophydeep;
　　moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.
　　Abeuntstudiainmores.Nay，thereisnostondorimpedimentinthewit，butmaybewroughtoutbyfitstudies;likeasdiseasesofthebody，mayhaveappropriateexercises.Bowlingisgoodforthestoneandreins;shootingforthelungsandbreast;gentlewalkingforthestomach;ridingforthehead;andthelike.Soifaman’switbewan—
　　dering，lethimstudythemathematics;forindemonstrations，ifhiswitbecalledawayneversolittle，hemustbeginagain.Ifhiswitbenotapttodistinguishorfinddifferences，lethimstudytheSchoolmen;fortheyarecyminisectores.Ifhebenotapttobeatovermatters，andtocalluponethingtoproveandillustrateanother，lethimstudy197
　　thelawyers’cases.Soeverydefectofthemind，mayhaveaspecialreceipt.
　　OfFactionOfFactionMANYhaveanopinionnotwise，thatforaprincetogovernhisestate，orforagreatpersontogovernhisproceedings，accordingtotherespectoffactions，isaprincipalpartofpolicy;
　　whereascontrariwise，thechiefestwisdom，iseitherinorderingthosethingswhicharegeneral，andwhereinmenofseveralfactionsdoneverthe—
　　lessagree;orindealingwithcorrespondencetoparticularpersons，onebyone.ButIsaynotthattheconsiderationsoffactions，istobeneglected.
　　Meanmen，intheirrising，mustadhere;butgreatmen，thathavestrengthinthemselves，werebettertomaintainthemselvesindifferent，andneutral.Yeteveninbeginners，toadheresomoder—
　　ately，ashebeamanoftheonefaction，whichismostpassablewiththeother，commonlygivethbestway.Thelowerandweakerfaction，isthefirmerinconjunction;anditisoftenseen，thatafewthatarestiff，dotireoutagreaternumber，thataremoremoderate.Whenoneofthefactionsisex—
　　tinguished，theremainingsubdivideth;asthefactionbetweenLucullus，andtherestofthenoblesofthesenate（whichtheycalledOptimates）
　　heldoutawhile，againstthefactionofPompeyandCaesar;butwhenthesenate’sauthoritywaspulleddown，CaesarandPompeysoonafterbrake.
　　ThefactionorpartyofAntoniusandOctavianusCaesar，againstBrutusandCassius，heldoutlike—
　　wiseforatime;butwhenBrutusandCassiuswereoverthrown，thensoonafter，AntoniusandOcta—
　　vianusbrakeandsubdivided.Theseexamplesareofwars，butthesameholdethinprivatefactions.
　　Andtherefore，thosethataresecondsinfactions，domanytimes，whenthefactionsubdivideth，proveprincipals;butmanytimesalso，theyproveciphersandcashiered;formanyaman’sstrengthisinopposition;andwhenthatfaileth，hegrowethoutofuse.Itiscommonlyseen，thatmen，onceplaced，takeinwiththecontraryfaction，tothatbywhichtheyenter：thinkingbelike，thattheyhavethefirstsure，andnowarereadyforanewpurchase.Thetraitorinfaction，lightlygoethawaywithit;forwhenmattershavestucklonginbalancing，thewinningofsomeonemancasteththem，andhegettethallthethanks.Theevencar—
　　riagebetweentwofactions，proceedethnotalwaysofmoderation，butofatruenesstoaman’sself，withendtomakeuseofboth.CertainlyinItaly，theyholditalittlesuspectinpopes，whentheyhaveoftenintheirmouthPadrecommune：andtakeittobeasignofone，thatmeanethtoreferalltothegreatnessofhisownhouse.Kingshadneedbeware，howtheysidethemselves，andmakethemselvesasofafactionorparty;forleagueswithinthestate，areeverpernicioustomonarchies：
　　fortheyraiseanobligation，paramounttoobliga—
　　tionofsovereignty，andmakethekingtanquamunusexnobis;aswastobeseenintheLeagueofFrance.Whenfactionsarecarriedtoohighandtooviolently，itisasignofweaknessinprinces;andmuchtotheprejudice，bothoftheirauthorityandbusiness.Themotionsoffactionsunderkingsoughttobe，likethemotions（astheastronomersspeak）oftheinferiororbs，whichmayhavetheirpropermotions，butyetstillarequietlycarried，bythehighermotionofprimummobile.
　　OfCeremonies，ANDRESPECTS
　　OfCeremonies，ANDRESPECTS
　　HETHATisonlyreal，hadneedhaveexceed—
　　inggreatpartsofvirtue;asthestonehadneedtoberich，thatissetwithoutfoil.Butifamanmarkitwell，itis，inpraiseandcommenda—
　　tionofmen，asitisingettingsandgains：fortheproverbistrue，Thatlightgainsmakeheavypurses;forlightgainscomethick，whereasgreat，comebutnowandthen.Soitistrue，thatsmallmatterswingreatcommendation，becausetheyarecontinuallyinuseandinnote：whereastheoccasionofanygreatvirtue，comethbutonfesti—
　　vals.Thereforeitdothmuchaddtoaman’sreputa—
　　tion，andis（asQueenIsabellasaid）likeperpetualletterscommendatory，tohavegoodforms.Toat—
　　tainthem，italmostsufficethnottodespisethem;
　　forsoshallamanobservetheminothers;andlethimtrusthimselfwiththerest.Forifhelabortoomuchtoexpressthem，heshalllosetheirgrace;
　　whichistobenaturalandunaffected.Somemen’sbehaviorislikeaverse，whereineverysyllableismeasured;howcanamancomprehendgreatmat—
　　ters，thatbreakethhismindtoomuch，tosmallobservations？Nottouseceremoniesatall，istoteachothersnottousethemagain;andsodimin—
　　ishethrespecttohimself;especiallytheybenottobeomitted，tostrangersandformalnatures;butthedwellinguponthem，andexaltingthemabovethemoon，isnotonlytedious，butdothdiminishthefaithandcreditofhimthatspeaks.Andcer—
　　tainly，thereisakindofconveying，ofeffectualandimprintingpassagesamongstcompliments，whichisofsingularuse，ifamancanhituponit.
　　Amongstaman’speers，amanshallbesureoffamiliarity;andthereforeitisgood，alittletokeepstate.Amongstaman’sinferiorsoneshallbesureofreverence;andthereforeitisgood，alittletobefamiliar.Hethatistoomuchinanything，sothathegivethanotheroccasionofsatiety，makethhim—
　　selfcheap.Toapplyone’sselftoothers，isgood;soitbewithdemonstration，thatamandothituponregard，andnotuponfacility.Itisagoodpreceptgenerally，insecondinganother，yettoaddsome—
　　whatofone’sown：asifyouwillgranthisopinion，letitbewithsomedistinction;ifyouwillfollowhismotion，letitbewithcondition;ifyouallowhiscounsel，letitbewithallegingfurtherreason.
　　Menhadneedbeware，howtheybetooperfectincompliments;forbetheyneversosufficientother—
　　wise，theirenvierswillbesuretogivethemthatattribute，tothedisadvantageoftheirgreatervir—
　　tues.Itislossalsoinbusiness，tobetoofullofre—
　　spects，ortobecurious，inobservingtimesandopportunities.Solomonsaith，Hethatconsidereththewind，shallnotsow，andhethatlookethtotheclouds，shallnotreap.Awisemanwillmakemoreopportunities，thanhefinds.Men’sbehaviorshouldbe，liketheirapparel，nottoostraitorpointdevice，butfreeforexerciseormotion.
　　OfPraiseOfPraisePRAISEisthereflectionofvirtue;butitisastheglassorbody，whichgiveththereflec—
　　tion.Ifitbefromthecommonpeople，itiscom—
　　monlyfalseandnaught;andratherfollowethvainpersons，thanvirtuous.Forthecommonpeopleunderstandnotmanyexcellentvirtues.Thelowestvirtuesdrawpraisefromthem;themiddlevirtuesworkinthemastonishmentoradmiration;butofthehighestvirtues，theyhavenosenseofperceiv—
　　ingatall.Butshows，andspeciesvirtutibussimiles，servebestwiththem.Certainlyfameislikeariver，thatbearethupthingslightandswoln，anddrownsthingsweightyandsolid.Butifpersonsofqualityandjudgmentconcur，thenitis（astheScripturesaith）nomenbonuminstarunguentifragrantis.
　　Itfirethallroundabout，andwillnoteasilyaway.
　　Fortheodorsofointmentsaremoredurable，thanthoseofflowers.Therebesomanyfalsepointsofpraise，thatamanmayjustlyholditasuspect.
　　Somepraisesproceedmerelyofflattery;andifhebeanordinaryflatterer，hewillhavecertaincom—
　　monattributes，whichmayserveeveryman;ifhebeacunningflatterer，hewillfollowthearch—
　　flatterer，whichisaman’sself;andwhereinamanthinkethbestofhimself，thereintheflattererwillupholdhimmost：butifhebeanimpudentflat—
　　terer，lookwhereinamanisconscioustohimself，thatheismostdefective，andismostoutofcounte—
　　nanceinhimself，thatwilltheflattererentitlehimtoperforce，spretaconscientia.Somepraisescomeofgoodwishesandrespects，whichisaformdue，incivility，tokingsandgreatpersons，laudandopraecipere，whenbytellingmenwhattheyare，theyrepresenttothem，whattheyshouldbe.Somemenarepraisedmaliciously，totheirhurt，therebytostirenvyandjealousytowardsthem：pessimumgenusinimicorumlaudantium;insomuchasitwasaproverb，amongsttheGrecians，thathethatwaspraisedtohishurt，shouldhaveapushriseuponhisnose;aswesay，thatablisterwillriseuponone’stongue，thattellsalie.Certainlymod—
　　eratepraise，usedwithopportunity，andnotvul—
　　gar，isthatwhichdoththegood.Solomonsaith，Hethatpraisethhisfriendaloud，risingearly，itshallbetohimnobetterthanacurse.Toomuchmagnifyingofmanormatter，dothirritatecon—
　　tradiction，andprocureenvyandscorn.Topraiseaman’sself，cannotbedecent，exceptitbeinrarecases;buttopraiseaman’sofficeorprofession，hemaydoitwithgoodgrace，andwithakindofmag—
　　nanimity.ThecardinalsofRome，whicharetheo—
　　logues，andfriars，andSchoolmen，haveaphraseofnotablecontemptandscorntowardscivilbusi—
　　ness：fortheycallalltemporalbusinessofwars，embassages，judicature，andotheremployments，sbirrerie，whichisunder—sheriffries;asiftheywerebutmatters，forunder—sheriffsandcatch—
　　poles：thoughmanytimesthoseunder—sheriffriesdomoregood，thantheirhighspeculations.St.
　　Paul，whenheboastsofhimself，hedothoftinter—
　　lace，Ispeaklikeafool;butspeakingofhiscalling，hesaith，magnificaboapostolatummeum.
　　OfVain—gloryOfVain—gloryITWASprettilydevisedofAEsop，Theflysatupontheaxle—treeofthechariotwheel，andsaid，WhatadustdoIraise！Soaretheresomevainpersons，thatwhatsoevergoethalone，ormovethupongreatermeans，iftheyhaveneversolittlehandinit，theythinkitistheythatcarryit.Theythatareglorious，mustneedsbefactious;forallbraverystandsuponcomparisons.Theymustneedsbeviolent，tomakegoodtheirownvaunts.
　　Neithercantheybesecret，andthereforenotef—
　　fectual;butaccordingtotheFrenchproverb，Beaucoupdebruit，peudefruit;Muchbruitlittlefruit.Yetcertainly，thereisuseofthisqualityincivilaffairs.Wherethereisanopinionandfametobecreated，eitherofvirtueorgreatness，thesemenaregoodtrumpeters.Again，asTitusLiviusnoteth，inthecaseofAntiochusandtheAEtolians，Therearesometimesgreateffects，ofcrosslies;asifaman，thatnegotiatesbetweentwoprinces，todrawthemtojoininawaragainstthethird，dothextoltheforcesofeitherofthem，abovemeasure，theonetotheother：andsometimeshethatdealsbe—
　　tweenmanandman，raisethhisowncreditwithboth，bypretendinggreaterinterestthanhehathineither.Andintheseandthelikekinds，itoftenfallsout，thatsomewhatisproducedofnothing;
　　forliesaresufficienttobreedopinion，andopinionbringsonsubstance.Inmilitarcommandersandsoldiers，vain—gloryisanessentialpoint;forasironsharpensiron，sobyglory，onecouragesharp—
　　enethanother.Incasesofgreatenterpriseuponchargeandadventure，acompositionofgloriousnatures，dothputlifeintobusiness;andthosethatareofsolidandsobernatures，havemoreoftheballast，thanofthesail.Infameoflearning，theflightwillbeslowwithoutsomefeathersofosten—
　　tation.Quidecontemnendaglorialibrosscri—
　　bunt，nomen，suuminscribunt.Socrates，Aristotle，Galen，weremenfullofostentation.Certainlyvain—gloryhelpethtoperpetuateaman’smemory;
　　andvirtuewasneversobeholdingtohumanna—
　　ture，asitreceivedhisdueatthesecondhand.
　　NeitherhadthefameofCicero，Seneca，PliniusSecundus，borneheragesowell，ifithadnotbeenjoinedwithsomevanityinthemselves;likeuntovarnish，thatmakesceilingsnotonlyshinebutlast.Butallthiswhile，whenIspeakofvain—glory，Imeannotofthatproperty，thatTacitusdothat—
　　tributetoMucianus;Omniumquaedixeratfece—
　　ratqueartequadamostentator：forthatproceedsnotofvanity，butofnaturalmagnanimityanddiscretion;andinsomepersons，isnotonlycomely，butgracious.Forexcusations，cessions，modestyitselfwellgoverned，arebutartsofostentation.
　　Andamongstthosearts，thereisnonebetterthanthatwhichPliniusSecundusspeakethof，whichistobeliberalofpraiseandcommendationtoothers，inthat，whereinaman’sselfhathanyperfection.
　　ForsaithPliny，verywittily，Incommendinganother，youdoyourselfright;forhethatyoucommend，iseithersuperiortoyouinthatyoucommend，orinferior.Ifhebeinferior，ifhebetobecommended，youmuchmore;ifhebesuperior，ifhebenottobecommended，youmuchless.
　　Gloriousmenarethescornofwisemen，thead—
　　mirationoffools，theidolsofparasites，andtheslavesoftheirownvaunts.
　　OfHonorANDREPUTATION
　　OfHonorANDREPUTATION
　　THEwinningofhonor，isbuttherevealingofaman，svirtueandworth，withoutdisadvan—
　　tage.Forsomeintheiractions，dowooandeffecthonorandreputation，whichsortofmen，arecommonlymuchtalkedof，butinwardlylittleadmired.Andsome，contrariwise，darkentheirvirtueintheshowofit;soastheybeundervaluedinopinion.Ifamanperformthat，whichhathnotbeenattemptedbefore;orattemptedandgivenover;orhathbeenachieved，butnotwithsogoodcircumstance;heshallpurchasemorehonor，thanbyeffectingamatterofgreaterdifficultyorvirtue，whereinheisbutafollower.Ifamansotemperhisactions，asinsomeoneofthemhedothcontenteveryfaction，orcombinationofpeople，themusicwillbethefuller.Amanisanillhusbandofbishonor，thatenterethintoanyaction，thefailingwhereinmaydisgracehim，morethanthecarry—
　　ingofitthrough，canhonorhim.Honorthatisgainedandbrokenuponanother，haththequick—
　　estreflection，likediamondscutwithfacets.Andtherefore，letamancontendtoexcelanycompeti—
　　torsofhisinhonor，inoutshootingthem，ifhecan，intheirownbow.Discreetfollowersandservants，helpmuchtoreputation.Omnisfamaadomesticisemanat.Envy，whichisthecankerofhonor，isbestextinguishedbydeclaringaman’sselfinhisends，rathertoseekmeritthanfame;andbyattributingaman’ssuccesses，rathertodivineProvidenceandfelicity，thantohisownvirtueorpolicy.
　　Thetruemarshallingofthedegreesofsovereignhonor，arethese：Inthefirstplaceareconditoresimperiorum，foundersofstatesandcommon—
　　wealths;suchaswereRomulus，Cyrus，Caesar，Ottoman，Ismael.Inthesecondplacearelegis—
　　latores，lawgivers;whicharealsocalledsecondfounders，orperpetuiprincipes，becausetheygov—
　　ernbytheirordinancesaftertheyaregone;suchwereLycurgus，Solon，Justinian，Eadgar，Alphon—
　　susofCastile，theWise，thatmadetheSieteParti—
　　das.Inthethirdplaceareliberatores，orsalvatores，suchascompoundthelongmiseriesofcivilwars，ordelivertheircountriesfromservitudeofstrangersortyrants;asAugustusCaesar，Vespasi—
　　anus，Aurelianus，Theodoricus，KingHenrytheSeventhofEngland，KingHenrytheFourthofFrance.Inthefourthplacearepropagatoresorpropugnatoresimperii;suchasinhonorablewarsenlargetheirterritories，ormakenobledefenceagainstinvaders.Andinthelastplacearepatrespatriae;whichreignjustly，andmakethetimesgoodwhereintheylive.Bothwhichlastkindsneednoexamples，theyareinsuchnumber.Degreesofhonor，insubjects，are，firstparticipescurarum，thoseuponwhom，princesdodischargethegreat—
　　estweightoftheiraffairs;theirrighthands，aswecallthem.Thenextareducesbelli，greatleadersinwar;suchasareprinces’lieutenants，anddothemnotableservicesinthewars.Thethirdaregratiosi，favorites;suchasexceednotthisscant—
　　ling，tobesolacetothesovereign，andharmlesstothepeople.Andthefourth，negotiispares;suchashavegreatplacesunderprinces，andexecutetheirplaces，withsufficiency.Thereisanhonor，like—
　　wise，whichmayberankedamongstthegreatest，whichhappenethrarely;thatis，ofsuchassacri—
　　ficethemselvestodeathordangerforthegoodoftheircountry;aswasM.Regulus，andthetwoDecii.
　　OfJudicatureOfJudicatureJUDGESoughttoremember，thattheirofficeisjusdicere，andnotjusdare;tointerpretlaw，andnottomakelaw，orgivelaw.Elsewillitbeliketheauthority，claimedbytheChurchofRome，whichunderpretextofexpositionofScripture，dothnotsticktoaddandalter;andtopronouncethatwhichtheydonotfind;andbyshowofan—
　　tiquity，tointroducenovelty.Judgesoughttobemorelearned，thanwitty，morereverend，thanplausible，andmoreadvised，thanconfident.Aboveallthings，integrityistheirportionandpropervirtue.Cursed（saiththelaw）ishethatremoveththelandmark.Themislayerofamere—stoneistoblame.Butitistheunjustjudge，thatisthecapitalremoveroflandmarks，whenhedefinethamiss，oflandsandproperty.Onefoulsentencedothmorehurt，thanmanyfoulexamples.Forthesedobutcorruptthestream，theothercorrupteththefoun—
　　tain.SowithSolomon，Fonsturbatus，etvenacorrupta，estjustuscadensincausasuacoramadversario.Theofficeofjudgesmayhavereferenceuntothepartiesthatuse，untotheadvocatesthatplead，untotheclerksandministersofjusticeunderneaththem，andtothesovereignorstateabovethem.
　　First，forthecausesorpartiesthatsue.Therebe（saiththeScripture）thatturnjudgment，intowormwood;andsurelytherebealso，thatturnitintovinegar;forinjusticemakethitbitter，anddelaysmakeitsour.Theprincipaldutyofajudge，istosuppressforceandfraud;whereofforceisthemorepernicious，whenitisopen，andfraud，whenitiscloseanddisguised.Addtheretocontentioussuits，whichoughttobespewedout，asthesurfeitofcourts.Ajudgeoughttopreparehiswaytoajustsentence，asGodusethtopreparehisway，byraisingvalleysandtakingdownhills：sowhenthereappearethoneithersideanhighhand，vio—
　　lentprosecution，cunningadvantagestaken，com—
　　bination，power，greatcounsel，thenisthevirtueofajudgeseen，tomakeinequalityequal;thathemayplanthisjudgmentasuponanevenground.
　　Quifortiteremungit，elicitsanguinem;andwherethewine—pressishardwrought，ityieldsaharshwine，thattastesofthegrape—stone.Judgesmustbewareofhardconstructions，andstrainedinfer—
　　ences;forthereisnoworsetorture，thanthetor—
　　tureoflaws.Speciallyincaseoflawspenal，theyoughttohavecare，thatthatwhichwasmeantforterror，benotturnedintorigor;andthattheybringnotuponthepeople，thatshowerwhereoftheScripturespeaketh，Pluetsupereoslaqueos;
　　forpenallawspressed，areashowerofsnaresuponthepeople.Thereforeletpenallaws，iftheyhavebeensleepersoflong，oriftheybegrownunfitforthepresenttime，bebywisejudgesconfinedintheexecution：Judicisofficiumest，utres，itatemporarerum，etc.Incausesoflifeanddeath，judgesought（asfarasthelawpermitteth）injusticetoremem—
　　bermercy;andtocastasevereeyeupontheexample，butamercifuleyeupontheperson.
　　Secondly，fortheadvocatesandcounselthatplead.Patienceandgravityofhearing，isanessen—
　　tialpartofjustice;andanoverspeakingjudgeisnowell—tunedcymbal.Itisnogracetoajudge，firsttofindthat，whichhemighthaveheardinduetimefromthebar;ortoshowquicknessofconceit，incuttingoffevidenceorcounseltooshort;ortopreventinformationbyquestions，thoughperti—
　　nent.Thepartsofajudgeinhearing，arefour：todirecttheevidence;tomoderatelength，repetition，orimpertinencyofspeech;torecapitulate，select，andcollatethematerialpoints，ofthatwhichhathbeensaid;andtogivetheruleorsentence.What—
　　soeverisabovetheseistoomuch;andproceedetheitherofglory，andwillingnesstospeak，orofim—
　　patiencetohear，orofshortnessofmemory，orofwantofastaidandequalattention.Itisastrangethingtosee，thattheboldnessofadvocatesshouldprevailwithjudges;whereastheyshouldimitateGod，inwhoseseattheysit;whorepresseththepre—
　　sumptuous，andgivethgracetothemodest.Butitismorestrange，thatjudgesshouldhavenotedfavorites;whichcannotbutcausemultiplicationoffees，andsuspicionofby—ways.Thereisduefromthejudgetotheadvocate，somecommendationandgracing，wherecausesarewellhandledandfairpleaded;especiallytowardsthesidewhichobtainethnot;forthatupholdsintheclient，thereputationofhiscounsel，andbeatsdowninhimtheconceitofhiscause.Thereislikewiseduetothepublic，acivilreprehensionofadvocates，wherethereappearethcunningcounsel，grossneglect，slightinformation，indiscreetpressing，oranover—
　　bolddefence.Andletnotthecounselatthebar，chopwiththejudge，norwindhimselfintothehandlingofthecauseanew，afterthejudgehathdeclaredhissentence;but，ontheotherside，letnotthejudgemeetthecausehalfway，norgiveoccasiontotheparty，tosayhiscounselorproofswerenotheard.
　　Thirdly，forthatthatconcernsclerksandminis—
　　ters.Theplaceofjusticeisanhallowedplace;andthereforenotonlythebench，butthefoot—place;
　　andprecinctsandpurprisethereof，oughttobepreservedwithoutscandalandcorruption.Forcertainlygrapes（astheScripturesaith）willnotbegatheredofthornsorthistles;eithercanjusticeyieldherfruitwithsweetness，amongstthebriarsandbramblesofcatchingandpollingclerks，andministers.Theattendanceofcourts，issubjecttofourbadinstruments.First，certainpersonsthataresowersofsuits;whichmakethecourtswell，andthecountrypine.Thesecondsortisofthose，thatengagecourtsinquarrelsofjurisdiction，andarenottrulyamicicuriae，butparasiticuriae，inpuffingacourtupbeyondherbounds，fortheirownscrapsandadvantage.Thethirdsort，isofthosethatmaybeaccountedthelefthandsofcourts;personsthatarefullofnimbleandsinistertricksandshifts，wherebytheyperverttheplainanddirectcoursesofcourts，andbringjusticeintoobliquelinesandlabyrinths.Andthefourth，isthepollerandexacteroffees;whichjustifiesthecom—
　　monresemblanceofthecourtsofjustice，tothebushwhereunto，whilethesheepfliesfordefenceinweather，heissuretolosepartofhisfleece.Ontheotherside，anancientclerk，skilfulinprece—
　　dents，waryinproceeding，andunderstandinginthebusinessofthecourt，isanexcellentfingerofacourt;anddothmanytimespointthewaytothejudgehimself.
　　Fourthly，forthatwhichmayconcernthesov—
　　ereignandestate.Judgesoughtabovealltore—
　　membertheconclusionoftheRomanTwelveTables;Saluspopulisupremalex;andtoknowthatlaws，excepttheybeinordertothatend，arebutthingscaptious，andoraclesnotwellinspired.
　　Thereforeitisanhappythinginastate，whenkingsandstatesdooftenconsultwithjudges;andagain，whenjudgesdooftenconsultwiththekingandstate：theone，whenthereismatteroflaw，intervenientinbusinessofstate;theother，whenthereissomeconsiderationofstate，intervenientinmatteroflaw.Formanytimesthethingsde—
　　ducedtojudgmentmaybemeumandtuum，whenthereasonandconsequencethereofmaytrenchtopointofestate：Icallmatterofestate，notonlythepartsofsovereignty，butwhatsoeverintroducethanygreatalteration，ordangerousprecedent;orconcernethmanifestlyanygreatportionofpeo—
　　ple.Andletnomanweaklyconceive，thatjustlawsandtruepolicyhaveanyantipathy;fortheyarelikethespiritsandsinews，thatonemoveswiththeother.Letjudgesalsoremember，thatSolo—
　　mon’sthronewassupportedbylionsonbothsides：
　　letthembelions，butyetlionsunderthethrone;
　　beingcircumspectthattheydonotcheckoropposeanypointsofsovereignty.Letnotjudgesalsobeignorantoftheirownright，astothinkthereisnotlefttothem，asaprincipalpartoftheiroffice，awiseuseandapplicationoflaws.Fortheymayremember，whattheapostlesaithofagreaterlawthantheirs;Nosscimusquialexbonaest，modoquiseautaturlegitime.
　　OfAngerOfAngerTOSEEKtoextinguishangerutterly，isbutabraveryoftheStoics.Wehavebetteroracles：
　　Beangry，butsinnot.Letnotthesungodownuponyouranger.Angermustbelimitedandcon—
　　fined，bothinraceandintime.Wewillfirstspeakhowthenaturalinclinationandhabittobeangry，maybeattemptedandcalmed.Secondly，howtheparticularmotionsofangermayberepressed，oratleastrefrainedfromdoingmischief.Thirdly，howtoraiseanger，orappeaseangerinanother.
　　Forthefirst;thereisnootherwaybuttomedi—
　　tate，andruminatewellupontheeffectsofanger，howittroublesman’slife.Andthebesttimetodothis，istolookbackuponanger，whenthefitisthoroughlyover.Senecasaithwell，Thatangerislikeruin，whichbreaksitselfuponthatitfalls.
　　TheScriptureexhortethustopossessoursoulsinpatience.Whosoeverisoutofpatience，isoutofpossessionofhissoul.Menmustnotturnbees;
　　animasqueinvulnereponunt.
　　Angeriscertainlyakindofbaseness;asitap—
　　pearswellintheweaknessofthosesubjectsinwhomitreigns;children，women，oldfolks，sickfolks.Onlymenmustbeware，thattheycarrytheirangerratherwithscorn，thanwithfear;sothattheymayseemrathertobeabovetheinjury，thanbelowit;whichisathingeasilydone，ifamanwillgivelawtohimselfinit.
　　Forthesecondpoint;thecausesandmotivesofanger，arechieflythree.First，tobetoosensibleofhurt;fornomanisangry，thatfeelsnothimselfhurt;andthereforetenderanddelicatepersonsmustneedsbeoftangry;theyhavesomanythingstotroublethem，whichmorerobustnatureshavelittlesenseof.Thenextis，theapprehensionandconstructionoftheinjuryoffered，tobe，inthecir—
　　cumstancesthereof，fullofcontempt：forcontemptisthat，whichputtethanedgeuponanger，asmuchormorethanthehurtitself.Andtherefore，whenmenareingeniousinpickingoutcircumstancesofcontempt，theydokindletheirangermuch.Lastly，opinionofthetouchofaman’sreputation，dothmultiplyandsharpenanger.Whereintheremedyis，thatamanshouldhave，asConsalvowaswonttosay，telamhonoriscrassiorem.Butinallrefrain—
　　ingsofanger，itisthebestremedytowintime;
　　andtomakeaman’sselfbelieve，thattheoppor—
　　tunityofhisrevengeisnotyetcome，butthatheforeseesatimeforit;andsotostillhimselfinthemeantime，andreserveit.
　　Tocontainangerfrommischief，thoughittakeholdofaman，therebetwothings，whereofyoumusthavespecialcaution.Theone，ofextremebit—
　　ternessofwords，especiallyiftheybeaculeateandproper;forcummuniamaledictaarenothingsomuch;andagain，thatinangeramanrevealnosecrets;forthat，makeshimnotfitforsociety.Theother，thatyoudonotperemptorilybreakoff，inanybusiness，inafitofanger;buthowsoeveryoushowbitterness，donotactanything，thatisnotrevocable.
　　Forraisingandappeasingangerinanother;itisdonechieflybychoosingoftimes，whenmenarefrowardestandworstdisposed，toincensethem.Again，bygathering（aswastouchedbefore）
　　allthatyoucanfindout，toaggravatethecon—
　　tempt.Andthetworemediesarebythecontraries.
　　Theformertotakegoodtimes，whenfirsttorelatetoamananangrybusiness;forthefirstimpres—
　　sionismuch;andtheotheris，tosever，asmuchasmaybe，theconstructionoftheinjuryfromthepointofcontempt;imputingittomisunderstand—
　　ing，fear，passion，orwhatyouwill.
　　OfVicissitudeOFTHINGS
　　OfVicissitudeOFTHINGS
　　SOLOMONsaith，Thereisnonewthingupontheearth.SothatasPlatohadanimagination，Thatallknowledgewasbutremembrance;soSolomongivethhissentence，Thatallnoveltyisbutoblivion.Wherebyyoumaysee，thattheriverofLetherunnethaswellabovegroundasbelow.
　　Thereisanabstruseastrologerthatsaith，Ifitwerenotfortwothingsthatareconstant（theoneis，thatthefixedstarseverstandalikedistanceonefromanother，andnevercomenearertogether，norgofurtherasunder;theother，thatthediurnalmotionperpetuallykeepethtime），noindividualwouldlastonemoment.Certainitis，thatthemat—
　　terisinaperpetualflux，andneveratastay.Thegreatwinding—sheets，thatburyallthingsinob—
　　livion，aretwo;delugesandearthquakes.Asforconflagrationsandgreatdroughts，theydonotmerelydispeopleanddestroy.Phaeton’scarwentbutaday.Andthethreeyears’droughtinthetimeofElias，wasbutparticular，andleftpeoplealive.
　　Asforthegreatburningsbylightnings，whichareoftenintheWestIndies，theyarebutnarrow.Butintheothertwodestructions，bydelugeandearth—
　　quake，itisfurthertobenoted，thattheremnantofpeoplewhichhaptobereserved，arecommonlyignorantandmountainouspeople，thatcangivenoaccountofthetimepast;sothattheoblivionisallone，asifnonehadbeenleft.IfyouconsiderwellofthepeopleoftheWestIndies，itisveryprobablethattheyareanewerorayoungerpeo—
　　ple，thanthepeopleoftheOldWorld.Anditismuchmorelikely，thatthedestructionthathathheretoforebeenthere，wasnotbyearthquakes（astheEgyptianpriesttoldSolonconcerningtheislandofAtlantis，thatitwasswallowedbyanearthquake），butratherthatitwasdesolatedbyaparticulardeluge.Forearthquakesareseldominthoseparts.Butontheotherside，theyhavesuchpouringrivers，astheriversofAsiaandAfrickandEurope，arebutbrookstothem.TheirAndes，like—
　　wise，ormountains，arefarhigherthanthosewithus;wherebyitseems，thattheremnantsofgen—
　　erationofmen，wereinsuchaparticulardelugesaved.AsfortheobservationthatMachiavelhath，thatthejealousyofsects，dothmuchextinguishthememoryofthings;traducingGregorytheGreat，thathedidwhatinhimlay，toextinguishallheathenantiquities;Idonotfindthatthosezealsdoanygreateffects，norlastlong;asitap—
　　pearedinthesuccessionofSabinian，whodidrevivetheformerantiquities.
　　Thevicissitudeofmutationsinthesuperiorglobe，arenofitmatterforthispresentargument.
　　Itmaybe，Plato’sgreatyear，iftheworldshouldlastsolong，wouldhavesomeeffect;notinrenew—
　　ingthestateoflikeindividuals（forthatisthefumeofthose，thatconceivethecelestialbodieshavemoreaccurateinfluencesuponthesethingsbelow，thanindeedtheyhave），butingross.Comets，outofquestion，havelikewisepowerandeffect，overthegrossandmassofthings;buttheyarerathergazedupon，andwaiteduponintheirjourney，thanwiselyobservedintheireffects;speciallyin，theirrespectiveeffects;thatis，whatkindofcomet，formagnitude，color，versionofthebeams，plac—
　　inginthereignofheaven，orlasting，producethwhatkindofeffects.
　　ThereisatoywhichIhaveheard，andIwouldnothaveitgivenover，butwaiteduponalittle.
　　TheysayitisobservedintheLowCountries（I
　　knownotinwhatpart）thateveryfiveandthirtyyears，thesamekindandsuitofyearsandweath—
　　erscomeaboutagain;asgreatfrosts，greatwet，greatdroughts，warmwinters，summerswithlittleheat，andthelike;andtheycallitthePrime.ItisathingIdotherathermention，because，comput—
　　ingbackwards，Ihavefoundsomeconcurrence.
　　Buttoleavethesepointsofnature，andtocometomen.Thegreatestvicissitudeofthingsamongstmen，isthevicissitudeofsectsandreligions.Forthoseorbsruleinmen’smindsmost.Thetruere—
　　ligionisbuiltupontherock;therestaretossed，uponthewavesoftime.Tospeak，therefore，ofthecausesofnewsects;andtogivesomecounselcon—
　　cerningthem，asfarastheweaknessofhumanjudgmentcangivestay，tosogreatrevolutions.
　　Whenthereligionformerlyreceived，isrentbydiscords;andwhentheholinessoftheprofessorsofreligion，isdecayedandfullofscandal;andwithalthetimesbestupid，ignorant，andbar—
　　barous;youmaydoubtthespringingupofanewsect;ifthenalso，thereshouldariseanyextrava—
　　gantandstrangespirit，tomakehimselfauthorthereof.Allwhichpointsheld，whenMahometpublishedhislaw.Ifanewsecthavenottwoprop—
　　erties，fearitnot;foritwillnotspread.Theoneisthesupplanting，ortheopposing，ofauthorityes—
　　tablished;fornothingismorepopularthanthat.
　　Theotheristhegivinglicensetopleasures，andavoluptuouslife.Forasforspeculativeheresies（suchaswereinancienttimestheArians，andnowtheArmenians），thoughtheyworkmightilyuponmen’swits，yettheydonotproduceanygreatal—
　　terationsinstates;exceptitbebythehelpofciviloccasions.Therebethreemannerofplantationsofnewsects.Bythepowerofsignsandmiracles;bytheeloquence，andwisdom，ofspeechandpersua—
　　sion;andbythesword.Formartyrdoms，Ireckonthemamongstmiracles;becausetheyseemtoex—
　　ceedthestrengthofhumannature：andImaydothelike，ofsuperlativeandadmirableholinessoflife.Surelythereisnobetterway，tostoptherisingofnewsectsandschisms，thantoreformabuses;tocompoundthesmallerdifferences;toproceedmildly，andnotwithsanguinarypersecutions;
　　andrathertotakeofftheprincipalauthorsbywin—
　　ningandadvancingthem，thantoenragethembyviolenceandbitterness.
　　Thechangesandvicissitudeinwarsaremany;
　　butchieflyinthreethings;intheseatsorstagesofthewar;intheweapons;andinthemanneroftheconduct.Wars，inancienttime，seemedmoretomovefromeasttowest;forthePersians，Assyrians，Arabians，Tartars（whichweretheinvaders）werealleasternpeople.Itistrue，theGaulswerewest—
　　ern;butwereadbutoftwoincursionsoftheirs：
　　theonetoGallo—Grecia，theothertoRome.Buteastandwesthavenocertainpointsofheaven;andnomorehavethewars，eitherfromtheeastorwest，anycertaintyofobservation.Butnorthandsoutharefixed;andithathseldomorneverbeenseenthatthefarsouthernpeoplehaveinvadedthenorthern，butcontrariwise.Wherebyitismanifestthatthenortherntractoftheworld，isinnaturethemoremartialregion：beitinrespectofthestarsofthathemisphere;orofthegreatcontinentsthatareuponthenorth，whereasthesouthpart，foraughtthatisknown，isalmostallsea;or（whichismostapparent）ofthecoldofthenorthernparts，whichisthatwhich，withoutaidofdiscipline，dothmakethebodieshardest，andthecourageswarmest.
　　Uponthebreakingandshiveringofagreatstateandempire，youmaybesuretohavewars.Forgreatempires，whiletheystand，doenervateanddestroytheforcesofthenativeswhichtheyhavesubdued，restingupontheirownprotectingforces;
　　andthenwhentheyfailalso，allgoestoruin，andtheybecomeaprey.SowasitinthedecayoftheRomanempire;andlikewiseintheempireofAlmaigne，afterCharlestheGreat，everybirdtak—
　　ingafeather;andwerenotunliketobefalltoSpain，ifitshouldbreak.Thegreataccessionsandunionsofkingdoms，dolikewisestirupwars;forwhenastategrowstoanover—power，itislikeagreatflood，thatwillbesuretooverflow.AsithathbeenseeninthestatesofRome，Turkey，Spain，andothers.Lookwhentheworldhathfewestbar—
　　barouspeoples，butsuchascommonlywillnotmarryorgenerate，excepttheyknowmeanstolive（asitisalmosteverywhereatthisday，exceptTar—
　　tary），thereisnodangerofinundationsofpeople;
　　butwhentherebegreatshoalsofpeople，whichgoontopopulate，withoutforeseeingmeansoflifeandsustentation，itisofnecessitythatonceinanageortwo，theydischargeaportionoftheirpeopleuponothernations;whichtheancientnorthernpeoplewerewonttodobylot;castinglotswhatpartshouldstayathome，andwhatshouldseektheirfortunes.Whenawarlikestategrowssoftandeffeminate，theymaybesureofawar.Forcom—
　　monlysuchstatesaregrownmrichinthetimeoftheirdegenerating;andsothepreyinviteth，andtheirdecayinvalor，encouragethawar.
　　Asfortheweapons，ithardlyfallethunderruleandobservation：yetweseeeventhey，havere—
　　turnsandvicissitudes.Forcertainitis，thatord—
　　nancewasknowninthecityoftheOxidrakesinIndia;andwasthat，whichtheMacedonianscalledthunderandlightning，andmagic.Anditiswellknownthattheuseofordnance，hathbeeninChinaabovetwothousandyears.Theconditionsofweapons，andtheirimprovement，are;First，thefetchingafaroff;forthatoutrunsthedanger;asitisseeninordnanceandmuskets.Secondly，thestrengthofthepercussion;whereinlikewiseord—
　　nancedoexceedallarietationsandancientinven—
　　tions.Thethirdis，thecommodioususeofthem;asthattheymayserveinallweathers;thatthecar—
　　riagemaybelightandmanageable;andthelike.
　　Fortheconductofthewar：atthefirst，menrestedextremelyuponnumber：theydidputthewarslikewiseuponmainforceandvalor;pointingdaysforpitchedfields，andsotryingitoutuponanevenmatchandtheyweremoreignorantinrangingandarrayingtheirbattles.After，theygrewtorestuponnumberrathercompetent，thanvast;theygrewtoadvantagesofplace，cunningdiversions，andthelike：andtheygrewmoreskil—
　　fulintheorderingoftheirbattles.
　　Intheyouthofastate，armsdoflourish;inthemiddleageofastate，learning;andthenbothofthemtogetherforatime;inthedecliningageofastate，mechanicalartsandmerchandize.Learninghathhisinfancy，whenitisbutbeginningandalmostchildish;thenhisyouth，whenitisluxuri—
　　antandjuvenile;thenhisstrengthofyears，whenitissolidandreduced;andlastly，hisoldage，whenitwaxethdryandexhaust.Butitisnotgoodtolooktoolongupontheseturningwheelsofvicissitude，lestwebecomegiddy.Asforthephilologyofthem，thatisbutacircleoftales，andthereforenotfitforthiswriting.
　　OfFameOfFameTHEpoetsmakeFameamonster.Theyde—
　　scribeherinpartfinelyandelegantly，andinpartgravelyandsententiously.Theysay，lookhowmanyfeathersshehath，somanyeyesshehathunderneath;somanytongues;somanyvoices;shepricksupsomanyears.
　　Thisisaflourish.Therefollowexcellentpar—
　　ables;asthat，shegatherethstrengthingoing;
　　thatshegoethupontheground，andyethidethherheadintheclouds;thatinthedaytimeshesittethinawatchtower，andfliethmostbynight;thatshemingleththingsdone，withthingsnotdone;
　　andthatsheisaterrortogreatcities.Butthatwhichpassethalltherestis：TheydorecountthattheEarth，motherofthegiantsthatmadewaragainstJupiter，andwerebyhimdestroyed，there—
　　uponinanangerbroughtforthFame.Forcertainitis，thatrebels，figuredbythegiants，andseditiousfamesandlibels，arebutbrothersandsisters，mas—
　　culineandfeminine.Butnow，ifamancantamethismonster，andbringhertofeedatthehand，andgovernher，andwithherflyotherraveningfowlandkillthem，itissomewhatworth.Butweareinfectedwiththestyleofthepoets.Tospeaknowinasadandseriousmanner：Thereisnot，inallthepolitics，aplacelesshandledandmoreworthytobehandled，thanthisoffame.Wewillthereforespeakofthesepoints：Whatarefalsefames;andwhataretruefames;andhowtheymaybebestdiscerned;howfamesmaybesown，andraised;howtheymaybespread，andmulti—
　　plied;andhowtheymaybechecked，andlaiddead.Andotherthingsconcerningthenatureoffame.Fameisofthatforce，asthereisscarcelyanygreataction，whereinithathnotagreatpart;es—
　　peciallyinthewar.MucianusundidVitellius，byafamethathescattered，thatVitelliushadinpur—
　　posetoremovethelegionsofSyriaintoGermany，andthelegionsofGermanyintoSyria;where—
　　uponthelegionsofSyriawereinfinitelyinflamed.
　　JuliusCaesartookPompeyunprovided，andlaidasleephisindustryandpreparations，byafamethathecunninglygaveout：Caesar’sownsoldierslovedhimnot，andbeingweariedwiththewars，andladenwiththespoilsofGaul，wouldforsakehim，assoonashecameintoItaly.LiviasettledallthingsforthesuccessionofhersonTiberius，bycontinualgivingout，thatherhusbandAugustuswasuponrecoveryandamendment，anditisanusualthingwiththepashas，toconcealthedeathoftheGreatTurkfromthejanizariesandmenofwar，tosavethesackingofConstantinopleandothertowns，astheirmanneris.ThemistoclesmadeXerxes，kingofPersia，postapaceoutofGrecia，bygivingout，thattheGrecianshadapurposetobreakhisbridgeofships，whichhehadmadeath—
　　wartHellespont.Therebeathousandsuchlikeexamples;andthemoretheyare，thelesstheyneedtoberepeated;becauseamanmeetethwiththemeverywhere.Thereforeletallwisegovernorshaveasgreatawatchandcareoverfames，astheyhaveoftheactionsanddesignsthemselves.
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　　glossaryAGlossaryOFARCHAICWORDSANDPHRASES
　　Abridgment：miniatureAbsurd：stupid，unpolishedAbuse：cheat，deceiveAculeate：stingingAdamant：loadstoneAdust：scorchedAdvoutress：adulteressAffect：like，desireAntic：clownAppose：questionArietation：battering—ramAudit：revenueAvoidance：secretoutletBattle：battalionBestow：settleinlifeBlanch：flatter，evadeBrave：boastfulBravery：boast，ostentationBroke：dealinbrokerageBroken：shinebycomparisonBrokenmusic：partmusicCabinet：secretCalendar：weatherforecastCard：chart，mapCarenotto：arerecklessCast：planCat：cate，cakeChargeandadventure：costandriskCheckwith：interfereChop：bandywordsCivil：peacefulClose：secret，secretiveCollect：inferCompound：compromiseConsent：agreementCurious：elaborateCustom：importdutiesDeceive：robDerive：divertDifficileness：morosenessDiscover：revealDonative：moneygiftDoubt：fearEquipollent：equallypowerfulEspial：spyEstate：stateFacility：ofeasypersuasionFair：ratherFame：rumorFavor：featureFlashy：insipidFoot—pace：lobbyForeseen：guardedagainstFroward：stubbornFutile：babblingGlobe：completebodyGlorious：showy，boastfulHumorous：capriciousHundredpoll：hundredthheadImpertinent：irrelevantImplicit：entangledInamean：inmoderationInsmother：suppressedIndifferent：impartialIntend：attendtoKnap：knollLeese：loseLet：hinderLoose：shotLot：spellLurch：interceptMake：profit，getManage：trainMate：conquerMaterial：business—likeMere—stone：boundarystoneMuniting：fortifyingNerve：sinewObnoxious：subservient，liableOes：roundspanglesPair：impairPardon：allowancePassable：mediocrePine—apple—tree：pinePlantation：colonyPlatform：planPlausible：praiseworthyPointdevice：excessivelyprecisePolitic：politicianPoll：extortPoser：examinerPractice：plottingPreoccupate：anticipatePrest：preparedPrick：plantProper：personalProspective：stereoscopeProyne：prunePurprise：enclosurePush：pimpleQuarrel：pretextQuech：flinchReason：principleRecamera：retiring—roomReturn：reactionReturn：wingrunningbackRise：dignityRound：straightSave：accountforScantling：measureSeel：blindShrewd：mischievousSort：associateSpial：spyStaddle：saplingSteal：dosecretlyStirp：familyStond：stop，standStoved：hot—housedStyle：titleSuccess：outcomeSumptuarylaw：lawagainstextravaganceSuperiorglobe：theheavensTemper：proportionTendering：nursingTract：line，traitTravel：travail，laborTreaties：treatisesTrenchto：touchTrivial：commonTurquet：TurkishdwarfUnderfoot：belowvalueUnready：untrainedUsury：interestValue：certifyVirtuous：ableVotary：vowedWanton：spoiledWood：mazeWork：manage，utilizeTheEnd