PrehistoricAmerica。BytheMarquisdeNadaillac。Translated,withthepermissionoftheAuthor,byNancyBellN。D’Anvers,authorof“HistoryofArt。“Edited,withnotes,byW。H。Dall。Popularedition。$225
CHIEFCONTENTS——ManandtheMastodon——TheKjokkenmoddingsandCaveRelics——Mound-Builders——PotteryWeaponsandOrnamentsoftheMound-Builders——Cliff-DwellersandInhabitantsofthePueblos——PeopleofCentralAmerica——CentralAmericanRuins——Peru——
EarlyRace——OriginoftheAmericanAborigines,etc。,etc。
“Thebestbookonthissubjectthathasyetbeenpublished,……forthereasonthat,asarecordoffacts,itisunusuallyfull,andbecauseitisthefirstcomprehensiveworkinwhich,discardingalltheoldandworn-outnostrumsabouttheexistenceonthiscontinentofanextinctcivilization,wearebroughtfacetofacewithconclusionsthatarebaseduponacarefulcomparisonofarchitecturalandotherprehistoricremainswiththeartsandindustries,themannersandcustoms,of“theonlypeople,exceptthewhites,who,sofarasweknow,haveeverheldtheregionsinwhichtheseremainsarefound。“——NATION。
TheCustomsandMonumentsofPrehistoricPeoples。BytheMarquisdeNadaillac。Translated,withthepermissionoftheAuthor,byNancyBellN。D’Anvers。Fullyillustrated。8vo。$300
CHIEFCONTENTS——TheStoneAge,itsDuration,anditsPlaceinTime——Food,Cannibalism,Mammals,Fish,HuntingandFishing,Navigation——Weapons,Tools,Pottery;OriginoftheUseofFire,Clothing,Ornaments;EarlyArtisticEfforts——Caves,Kitchen-Middings,LakeStations,“Terremares,“Crannoges,Burghs,“Nurhags,““Talayoti,“
and“Truddhi“——MegalithicMonuments——Industry,Commerce,SocialOrganization;Fights,WoundsandTrepanation——Camps,Fortifications,VitrifiedForts;Santorin;theTownsupontheHillofHissarlik——
Tombs——Index。
PlinycallsthemCERAUNIAGEMMA“NaturalHistory,“bookii。,ch。59bookxxxvii。,ch。51。
S。ReinachprovesclearlyenoughthatthecollectionsoftheEmperorAugustuswerefromCapri。
Thisskeletonwasdiscoveredin1726byScheuchzer,adoctorofOEningen,andbyhimplacedintheLeydenMuseum,withthepompousinscriptionHOMODILUVIITESTISPHILOSOPHICALTRANSACTIONS,vol。xxxiv。。Cuvier,byscrapingawaythestone,revealedthetruenatureofthefossil。
“OssiumFossiliumDocimasia。“
“Mem。Acad。desInscriptions,“1734,vol。x。,p。163。
ARCHAEOLOGIA,vol。ii。,p。118。
ARCHAEOLOGIA,vol。xiii。,p。105。
Castelfranco:REVUED’ANTHROPOLOGIE,1887。
ANNALESDESSCIENCESNATURELLES,vol。xvii。,p。607。Cartailhac:MATERIAUX,1884“RecherchessurlesOssementsFossilesdelaProvincedeLiege。“
ATHENAEUM,16July,1859。
“DiscourssurlesRevolutionsduGlobe,“thirdedition,p。13,Paris,Didot,1861。
ACAD。DESSCIENCES,18thand23dMay,1863。
Lubbock:“OntheEvidenceoftheAntiquityofManAffordedbythePhysicalStructureoftheSommeValley“NAT。HIST。REVIEW,vol。ii。。Prestwich:“OntheOccurrenceofFlintImplementsAssociatedwiththeRemainsofExtinctSpeciesinBedsofaLateGeologicalPeriod“PHIL。TRANS。,1860。Evans:“FlintImplementsintheDrift“
Cartailhac:“L’AgedePierredanslesSouvenirsetlesSuperstitionsPopulaires。“
Ashorttimebeforehistragicend,thenobleandpatrioticGordonsenttoCairothreehatchetsorstonewedgesfoundamongsttheNiams-Niams,whosaidtheyhadfallenfromHeaven,andwhoworshippedthenwithsuperstitiousritesBULL。INSTITUTEGYPTIEN,1886,No。
“MuseoMoscardo,“Padova,1656。
[AccordingtoM。PitredeLisle,theBretonsthinkthatthesestonesvibrateateveryclapofthunder。
Roulin:ACAD。DESSCIENCES,December
“Congresd’Anthropologieetd’ArcheologiePrehistorique,“
Paris,1889。
CouncilofArlesin452,ofToursin567,ofNantesin658,ofToledoin681and692,andofLeptisin743。
Baluze:“CapitulariaRegumFrancorum,“vol。i。,pp。518,1231,1237。
Steenstrup,Forchammer,Thomsen,Worsaae,andNillsson。ThecommissionappointedbytheCopenhagenAcademyofSciencespresentedsixreportsonthesubjectbetween1850and1856。
“DieAnfangdesEisensCultur,“Berlin,1886。
ArcheologieCeltiqueetGauloise,“p。46。
Dr。Much:“L’AgedeCuivreenEuropeetsonRapportaveclaCivilisationdesIndo-Germains,“Vienna,1886。Pulsky:“DieKupferZeitimUngarn,“Budapest,1884。Cartailhac:“AgesPrehistoriquesdel’EspagneetduPortugal,“p。211。E。Chantre:MAT。,June,1887;
andBerthelot:JOURNALDESSAVANTS,September,1889。
IreneeCochut:“ThesepresenteealaFacultedeTheologieProtestantedeMontauban。“
Seemytranslationoftheauthor’sadmirableandexhaustiveworkon“PrehistoricAmerica,“chaptersi。andiv——NancyBell。
[ACADEMIEDESSCIENCES,May23,1881;“AntiquitesduMuseedeMinoussink,“Tomsk,1886——7。
LesAgesPrehistoriquesenEspagneetenPortugal。“
StoneImplementsfromtheNorthwesternProvincesofIndia,“
JOURNALOFTHEASIATICSOCIETYOFBENGAL,Calcutta,1883。
LITERARYJOURNALOFMADRAS,vol。xiv。
L’AgedePierreetlaClassificationPrehistoriqued’apreslesSourcesEgyptiennes,“Paris,1879。
PittRivers:“OntheDiscoveryofChertImplementsintheNileValley,“BritishAssociation,York,1881。
Belluci:“L’EtadellaPietrainTunisia,“Roma,BOL。DELLASOC。GEOG。ITALIANA,1876。
“PrehistoricAmerica,“Paris,NewYork,andLondon。
Seemytranslationof“L’AmeriquePrehistorique,“chap。i。,“ManandtheMastodon。“——NancyBell。
ManyinterestingdetailsrespectingtheCliffDwellersaregiveninDeNadaillac’s“L’AmeriquePrehistorique,“chap。v——
NancyBell。
CONGRESDESNATURALISTESALLEMANDS,Innsbruck,Sept。,1869,[48]——“Quaternarymanisalwaysmanineveryacceptationoftheword。Ineverycaseinwhichthebonescollectedhaveenabledustojudge,hehaseverbeenfoundtohavethehandandfootpropertoourspecies,andthatdoublecurvatureofthespinalcolumnhasbeenmadeout,socharacteristicthatSerresmadeitthedistinctiveattributeofhishumankingdom。Ineverycasewithhim,aswithus,theskullismorefullydevelopedthantheface。IntheNeanderthalskullsooftenquotedasbestial,thecranialcapacityismorethandoublethateverfoundinthelargestgorilla。“DeQuatrefages:
“HommesFossilesetHommesSauvages,“p。60。
Inthiscavewerefoundthebonesof45bears。IntheGoyetCavewhichbearsthenumber3,werefoundcompletesetsofthebonesof12mammoths,8rhinoceroses,57bears,57horses,24hyaenas,35reindeer,6uruses,2lions,withthebonesofagreatnumberofgoats,chamois,andboars。Dupont:“L’Hommependantl’AgedelaPierre,“p。86。
Thesebirdsbelongedtotherapaces,passeres,gallinaceous,wading,andweb-footedgroups。Everyorderisrepresented,andnearlyalltheboneswerethoseofediblespecies,whichhadcertainlyservedasfoodtoman。
RichardAndree:“DieAnthropophagieeineEthnographischeStudie,“Leipzig,1887。
“LesHommesdeChavauxetd’Engis“BUL。ACAD。ROY。DEBELGIQUE,vol。xx。,1853;vol。xviii。newseries,1863;vol。xxii。,1866;
MATERIAUX,1872。p,517。
L’HommependantlesAgesdelaPierre,“p。225。
CompteRendu,“p。363。
Hist。Nat。,“bookvii。,sec。2。
Belgrand:“LeBassinParisien,“vol。i。,p。232。
BULL。SOC。ANTH。,1869,p。476——AC。DESSCIENCES,1870,firstweek,p。167。
[ARCHIVESDUMUSEENATIONALDERIODEJANEIRO,vol。i。,1876。
SeemytranslationofDeNadaillac’s“PrehistoricAmerica,“
pp。53,58,and59。“——N。D’Anvers。
Geography,“bookiv。
Opera,“vol。ii。,Migneedition,p。335。Richard,ofCirencester,saysthattheAttacoteslivedontheshoresoftheClyde,beyondthegreatwallofHadrian。
[chweden’s“Urgeschichte,“p。341。
ThefelidaewereverynumerousinEuropeinQuaternarytimes。Wemaymentiontwospeciesoflions,LEONOBILISandLEO
SPELAEUS,thelatteroftenconfoundedwiththeDELISSPELAEUSofsuchfrequentoccurrenceinFrenchcaves,twospeciesoftigers,TIGRISEDWARDSIANAandTIGRISEUROPAEA,thelargestoftheQuaternaryfelidae,whichwassometwelvefeetlong。Wealsoknowofsevenspeciesofleopards,sixspeciesofcats,fromtheServaltoalittlefelissmallerthanourdomesticcat;twospeciesoflynx,andlastlytheMACHAIRODUS,abeastofpreyofconsiderablesize,characterizedbyhavingexceptionallylonguppercaninesserratedlikeasaw。Probablythesebeastsofpreywerenotallcontemporaries,butsucceededeachother。Bourguignat:“HistoiredesFelidaeFossilesenFrancedanslesDepotsdelaPeriodeQuaternaire,“Paris,1879。
“TestimonyoftheRocks,“p。127,EdinburghandBoston,1857。
[OSSEMENTSFOSSILESTROUVESAODESSA。Thecave-hyenaresemblesthatnowlivingattheCape。
DucrostandArcelin:“Stratigraphiedel’EboulisdeSolutre,“
MAT。,p。403。ARCHIVESDIEMUSEUMD’HIST。NAT。DELYON,vol。1……deBayefoundagreatmanysimilararrow-headsinthePetit-Morincaves。
[Nilsson:“ThePrimitiveInhabitantsofScandinavia。“
CaptainEdwardJohnson,whotravelledaboutinNewEnglandfromrelatesthatthechildrentherespenttheirdaysinshootingatthefishthatappearedonthesurfaceofthewater,succeedingincatchingthemwithmarvellousskill。“AHistoryofNewEngland,“London,1654。
ReissandSteubel:“TheNecropolisofAnconinPeru,“LondonandBerlin。
MATERIAUX,1870,p,348。
WIADOMOSEIARCHEOLOGIZNE,No。iv。,Warsaw,1882。
Ch。Rau:“PrehistoricFishinginEuropeandAmerica。“
Horace:“Odes,“booki。,odeiii。
Friedel:“FuhrerdurchdieFischereiAbtheilung。“
“ACatalogueoftheAntiquitiesintheMuseumoftheRoyalAcademy。“
PROCEEDINGSOFTHEROYALACADEMYOFSCOTLAND,vol。iii。Dr。R。Munro“AncientScottishLakeDwellingsorCrannoges,“
Edinburgh,1882。
Geikie,EDINBURGHNEWPHILOSOPHICALJOURNAL,vol。xv。DeLapparent“TraitedeGeologie,“firstedition,p。518。
DiscoveriesinthemoreRecentDepositsoftheBoveyBasin,“
TRANS。DEVONSHIREASS。,1883。
NordischeOldsageriderkongeligeMuseumiKjobenhawn。“
LesProto-Helvetes,“NATURE,1880,1stweek,p。151。
Mem。Soc。d’Emulationd’Abbeville,“1867。
Indra,theall-seer,towhomitisgiventopiercethecloud,personifiedbyVritra,and“toopenthereceptaclesofthewaterswithhisfar-reachingthunder-bolts,“isofcoursethesun,theworshipofwhichwasoneoftheearliestandmostnaturalinstinctsofhumanity;
whilstVritrawasinthefirstinstancemerelythesymbolofthecloud,interveningbetweenheavenandearth,shuttingoutfrommenthelightofthesun,andkeepingbacktherefreshingrain。Thegradualconversionofthesenaturalphenomenaintoagoodandamalignantpower,everstrugglingforthemastery,isaforcibleillustrationofthewayinwhichmythsareevolved——Trans。
DeMortillet:“LePrehistorique,“Paris,1883,p。133。
LimonduPlateauduNorddelaFrance,“Paris,1878。AcheuleenetMousterien:REVUEDESQUESTIONSSCIENTIFIQUES,October,1880。BUL。SOC。ANTH。,1884,1887。
CHELLEEN,socalledfromtheirhavingbeenfoundatChellesSeine-et-Marne,wheretheremainsoftheELEPHASANTIQUUS,themostancientofthepachydermsnowknowninEurope,wasassociatedwiththesetools。
[87]——DeMortillet:“MuseePrehistorique,“pl。xvi。toxix。
M。deMortilletenumerates127polishersfoundatvariouspointsinthirtydepartmentsofFrance。“LePrehistorique,“firstedition,p。534。
Piette:ASS。FRANC。POURL’AVANCEMENTDESSCIENCES,Nantes,1875,p。909。
DeMortillet:“LePrehistorique,“p。544;“MuseePrehistorique,“figs。431to
“MuseePrehistorique,“fig。410。
Lagneau:“Del’UusagedesFlechesempoisonneeschezlesAnciensPeuplesl’Europe,“Ac。desInsc。,2dNovember,
LesTempsPrehistoriquesenBelgique,“p。
ReliquiaeAquitanicae,“p。127。
NATURE,1876,secondweek,p。5。
Inthiscave,inthesecondossiferousdeposit,werefoundfourfragmentsofpottery。DePuydtandLohest:“L’HommeContemporaindumammouth。“
“LapoterieenBelgiqueal’agedumammouth,“REVUE