Thepriceofprovisionsislow，butverymuchhigherthanprevioustothecommencementofthewarTwoyardsofcalicoaredemandedforsixfowls；thisisconsideredverydear，because，beforethewar，thesamequantityofcalicowasworth24fowlsGrainissoldinlittlebagsmadefromtheleavesofthepalmyra，likethoseinwhichwereceivesugar。
　　Theyarecalledpanjas，andeachpanjaweighsbetween30and40lbs。
　　ThepanjaofwheatatTeteisworthadollar，or5s。；butthenativegrainmaybeobtainedamongtheislandsbelowLupataattherateofthreepanjasfortwoyardsofcalicoThehighestarticlesofconsumptionareteaandcoffee，theteabeingoftenashighas15sapound。
　　FoodischeaperdowntheriverbelowLupata，and，previoustothewar，theislandswhichstudtheZambesiwereallinhabited，and，thesoilbeingexceedinglyfertile，grainandfowlscouldbegottoanyamount。
　　TheinhabitantsdisappearedbeforetheirenemiestheLandeens，butarebeginningtoreturnsincethepeaceTheyhavenocattle，theonlyplacewherewefoundnotsetsebeingthedistrictofTeteitself；
　　andthecattleinthepossessionofthePortugueseareamereremnantofwhattheyformerlyowned。
　　Whenvisitingthehotfountain，Iexaminedwhatwereformerlythegold-washingsintherivuletMokoroze，whichisnearlyonthe16thparalleloflatitudeThebanksarecoveredwithlargegrovesoffinemango-trees，amongwhichthePortugueselivedwhilesuperintendingthewashingforthepreciousmetal。
　　TheprocessofwashingisverylaboriousandtediousAquantityofsandisputintoawoodenbowlwithwater；ahalfrotatorymotionisgiventothedish，whichcausesthecoarserparticlesofsandtocollectononesideofthebottomThesearecarefullyremovedwiththehand，andtheprocessofrotationreneweduntilthewholeofthesandistakenaway，andthegoldaloneremainsItisfoundinveryminutescales，and，unlessIhadbeenassuredtothecontrary，Ishouldhavetakenittobemica，for，knowingthegoldtobeofgreaterspecificgravitythanthesand，Iimaginedthatastreamofwaterwouldremovethelatterandleavetheformer；butherethepracticeistoremovethewholeofthesandbythehandThisprocesswas，nodoubt，aprofitableonetothePortuguese，anditisprobablethat，withtheimprovedplanbymeansofmercury，thesandswouldbelucrativeIhadanopportunityofexaminingthegold-dustfromdifferentpartstotheeastandnortheastofTete。
　　Therearesixwell-knownwashing-placesThesearecalledMashinga，Shindundo，Missala，Kapata，Mano，andJawa。
　　FromthedescriptionoftherockIreceived，IsupposegoldisfoundbothinclayshaleandquartzAttherangeMushingatotheN。N。W。
　　therockissaidtobesosoftthatthewomenpounditintopowderinwoodenmortarsprevioustowashing。
　　Roundtowardthewestward，theoldPortugueseindicateastationwhichwasneartoZumboontheRiverPanyame，andcalledDambarari，nearwhichmuchgoldwasfoundFartherwestlaythenowunknownkingdomofAbutua，whichwasformerlyfamousforthemetal；andthen，comingroundtowardtheeast，wehavethegold-washingsoftheMashona，orBazizulu，and，farthereast，thatofManica，wheregoldisfoundmuchmoreabundantlythaninanyotherpart，andwhichhasbeensupposedbysometobetheOphirofKingSolomonIsawthegoldfromthisquarteraslargeasgrainsofwheat，thatfoundintheriverswhichrunintothecoal-fieldbeinginveryminutescales。
　　IfweplaceonelegofthecompassesatTete，andextendtheotherthreeandahalfdegrees，bringingitroundfromthenortheastofTetebywest，andthentothesoutheast，wenearlytouchorincludealltheknowngold-producingcountryAsthegoldonthiscircumferenceisfoundincoarsergrainsthaninthestreamsrunningtowardthecentre，orTete，Iimaginethattherealgold-fieldliesroundaboutthecoal-field；
　　and，ifIamrightintheconjecture，thenwehavecoalencircledbyagold-field，andabundanceofwood，water，andprovisions
　　acombinationnotoftenmetwithintheworldTheinhabitantsarenotunfavorabletowashings，conductedontheprincipleformerlymentioned。
　　Atpresenttheywashonlywheninwantofalittlecalico。
　　Theyknowthevalueofgoldperfectlywell，fortheybringitforsaleingoose-quills，anddemand24yardsofcalicoforonepenful。
　　WhentheriversinthedistrictofManicaandothergold-washingplaceshavebeenflooded，theyleaveacoatingofmudonthebanks。
　　Thenativesobservethespotswhichdrysoonest，andcommencediggingthere，infirmbeliefthatgoldliesbeneathTheyaresaidnottodigdeeperthantheirchins，believingthatiftheydidsothegroundwouldfallinandkillthemWhentheyfinda`piece’orflakeofgold，theyburyitagain，fromthesuperstitiousideathatthisistheseedofthegold，and，thoughtheyknowthevalueofitwell，theypreferlosingitratherthanthewholefuturecropThisconductseemedtomesoveryunlikelyinmenwhobringthedustinquills，andevenputinafewseedsofacertainplantasacharmtopreventtheirlosinganyofitontheway，thatIdoubtedtheauthorityofmyinformant；butIfoundthereportverifiedbyallthePortuguesewhoknewthenativelanguageandmodeofthinking，andgivethestatementforwhatitisworthIfitisreallypracticed，thecustommayhavebeenintroducedbysomeknowingonewhowishedtodefraudthechiefsoftheirdue；forweareinformedinPortuguesehistorythatinformertimesthesepiecesorflakesofgoldwereconsideredtheperquisitesofthechiefs。
　　MajorSicard，thecommandant，whosekindnesstomeandmypeoplewasunbounded，presentedarosarymadeofthegoldofthecountry，theworkmanshipofanativeofTete，tomylittledaughter；
　　alsospecimensofthegold-dustofthreedifferentplaces，which，withthecoalofMuatizeandMorongoze，aredepositedintheMuseumofPracticalGeology，JermynStreet，London。
　　Allthecultivationiscarriedonwithhoesinthenativemanner，andconsiderablequantitiesof`Holcussorghum’，maize，`Pennisetumtyphoideum’，orlotsaoftheBalonda，millet，rice，andwheatareraised，asalsoseveralkindsofbeansoneofwhich，called“litloo“bytheBechuanas，yieldsunderground，aswellasthe`Arachishypogaea’，orground-nut；withcucumbers，pumpkins，andmelons。
　　Thewheatissowninlow-lyingplaceswhichareannuallyfloodedbytheZambesiWhenthewatersretire，thewomendropafewgrainsinaholemadewithahoe，thenpushbackthesoilwiththefoot。
　　Oneweedingaloneisrequiredbeforethegraincomestomaturity。
　　Thissimpleprocessrepresentsalloursubsoilplowing，liming，manuring，andharrowing，forinfourmonthsafterplantingagoodcropisreadyforthesickle，andhasbeenknowntoyieldahundred-fold。
　　ItflourishedstillmoreatZumboNoirrigationisrequired，becauseheretherearegentlerains，almostlikemist，inwinter，whichgobythenameof“wheat-showers“，andareunknownintheinterior，wherenowinterraineverfallsTherainsatTetecomefromtheeast，thoughtheprevailingwindscomefromtheS。S。E。
　　Thefinestportionoftheflourdoesnotmakebreadnearlysowhiteastheseconds，andheretheboyaloapombe，ornativebeer，isemployedtomixwiththeflourinsteadofyeastItmakesexcellentbread。
　　AtKilimane，wherethecocoanutpalmabounds，thetoddyfromit，called“sura“，isusedforthesamepurpose，andmakesthebreadstilllighter。
　　Asitwasnecessarytoleavemostofmymenatthisplace，MajorSicardgavethemaportionoflandonwhichtocultivatetheirownfood，generouslysupplyingthemwithcorninthemeantimeHealsosaidthatmyyoungmenmightgoandhuntelephantsincompanywithhisservants，andpurchasegoodswithboththeivoryanddriedmeat，inorderthattheymighthavesomethingtotakewiththemontheirreturntoSekeletu。
　　Themenweredelightedwithhisliberality，andsoonsixtyorseventyofthemsetofftoengageinthisenterpriseTherewasnocalicotobehadatthistimeinTete，butthecommandanthandsomelyfurnishedmymenwithclothingIwasinastateofwantmyself，and，thoughIpressedhimtotakepaymentinivoryforbothmyselfandmen，herefusedallrecompense。
　　IshalleverrememberhiskindnesswithdeepgratitudeHehaswrittenme，sincemyarrivalinEngland，thatmymenhadkilledfourelephantsinthecourseoftwomonthsaftermydeparture。
　　OnthedayofmyarrivalIwasvisitedbyallthegentlemenofthevillage，bothwhiteandcolored，includingthepadreNotoneofthemhadanyideaastowherethesourceoftheZambesilayTheysentforthebesttravelednatives，butnoneofthemknewtheriverevenasfarasKansalaThefatherofoneoftherebelswhohadbeenfightingagainstthemhadbeenagreattravelertothesouthwest，andhadevenheardofourvisittoLakeNgami；buthewasequallyignorantwithalltheothersthattheZambesiflowedinthecentreofthecountry。
　　Theyhad，however，moreknowledgeofthecountrytothenorthofTetethanIhadOneman，whohadgonetoCazembewithMajorMonteiro，statedthathehadseentheLuapuraorLoapulaflowingpastthetownofthatchieftainintotheLuamejiorLeeambye，butimaginedthatitfounditsway，somehoworother，intoAngola。
　　Thefactthatsometimesriverswereseentoflowlikethistowardthecentreofthecountry，ledgeographerstothesuppositionthatinnerAfricawascomposedofelevatedsandyplains，intowhichriversranandwerelostOneofthegentlemenpresent，SenhorCandido，hadvisitedalake45daystotheN。N。WofTete，whichisprobablytheLakeMaraviofgeographers，asingoingthithertheypassthroughthepeopleofthatnameTheinhabitantsofitssoutherncoastarenamedShiva；thoseonthenorth，Mujao；andtheycallthelakeNyanjaorNyanje，whichsimplymeansalargewater，orbedofalargeriver。
　　Ahighmountainstandsinthemiddleofit，calledMuromboorMurombola，whichisinhabitedbypeoplewhohavemuchcattleHestatedthathecrossedtheNyanjaatanarrowpart，andwas36hoursinthepassage。
　　Thecanoeswerepuntedthewholeway，and，ifwetaketherateabouttwomilesperhour，itmaybesixtyorseventymilesinbreadth。
　　Thecountryallroundwascomposedoflevelplainscoveredwithgrass，and，indeed，ingoingthithertheytraveledsevenoreightdayswithoutwood，andcookedtheirfoodwithgrassandstalksofnativecornalone。
　　ThepeoplesoldtheircattleataverycheaprateFromthesouthernextremityofthelaketworiversissueforth：one，namedafteritself，theNyanja，whichpassesintotheseaontheeastcoastunderanothername；
　　andtheShire，whichflowsintotheZambesialittlebelowSenna。
　　TheShireisnamedShirwaatitspointofdeparturefromthelake，andSenhorCandidowasinformed，whenthere，thatthelakewassimplyanexpansionoftheRiverNyanja，whichcomesfromthenorthandencirclesthemountainMurombo，themeaningofwhichisjunctionorunion，inreferencetothewaterhavingpartedatitsnorthernextremity，andunitedagainatitssouthernTheShireflowsthroughalow，flat，marshycountry，butaboundinginpopulation，andtheyaresaidtobebrave。
　　ThePortugueseareunabletonavigatetheShireuptotheLakeNyanja，becauseofthegreatabundanceofawater-plantwhichrequiresnosoil，andwhichtheyname“alfacinya“`Pistiastratiotes’，fromitsresemblancetoalettuceThiscompletelyobstructstheprogressofcanoes。
　　InconfirmationofthisImaystatethat，whenIpassedthemouthoftheShire，greatquantitiesofthissameplantwerefloatingfromitintotheZambesi，andmanypartsofthebanksbelowwerecoveredwiththedeadplants。
　　SenhorCandidostatedthatslightearthquakeshavehappenedseveraltimesinthecountryoftheMaravi，andatnogreatdistancefromTete。
　　Themotionseemstocomefromtheeastward，andnevertohavelastedmorethanafewsecondsTheyarenamedintheMaravitongue“shiwo“，andinthatofthepeopleofTete“shitakoteko“，or“shivering“。
　　ThisagreesexactlywithwhathastakenplaceinthecoastofMozambique
　　afewslightshocksofshortduration，andallappearingtocomefromtheeastAtSenna，too，asingleshockhasbeenfeltseveraltimes，whichshookthedoorsandwindows，andmadetheglassesjingle。
　　BothTeteandSennahavehotspringsintheirvicinity，buttheshocksseemedtocome，notfromthem，butfromtheeast，andproceedtothewestTheyareprobablyconnectedwiththeactivevolcanoesintheislandofBourbon。
　　AsSenhorCandidoholdstheofficeofjudgeinallthedisputesofthenatives，andknowstheirlanguageperfectly，hisstatementmaybereliedonthatallthenativesofthisregionhaveaclearideaofaSupremeBeing，themakerandgovernorofallthings。
　　Heisnamed“Morimo“，“Molungo“，“Reza“，“Mpambe“，inthedifferentdialectsspokenTheBarotsenamehim“Nyampi“，andtheBalonda“Zambi“AllpromptlyacknowledgehimastheruleroverallTheyalsofullybelieveinthesoul’scontinuedexistenceapartfromthebody，andvisitthegravesofrelatives，makingofferingsoffood，beer，etcWhenundergoingtheordeal，theyholduptheirhandstotheRulerofHeaven，asifappealingtohimtoasserttheirinnocenceWhentheyescape，orrecoverfromsickness，oraredeliveredfromanydanger，theyofferasacrificeofafowlorasheep，pouringoutthebloodasalibationtothesoulofsomedepartedrelative。
　　Theybelieveinthetransmigrationofsouls，andalsothatwhilepersonsarestilllivingtheymayenterintolionsandalligators，andthenreturnagaintotheirownbodies。