2。Thebibliographicalhistoryof“TheBells“iscurious。Thesubject，andsomelinesoftheoriginalversion，havingbeensuggestedbythepoet’sfriend，Mrs。Shew，Poe，whenhewroteoutthefirstdraftofthepoem，headedit，“TheBells，ByMrs。M。A。Shew。”Thisdraft，nowtheeditor’sproperty，consistsofonlyseventeenlines，andreadthus：
　　I。
　　Thebells！-ah，thebells！
　　Thelittlesilverbells！
　　Howfairy-likeamelodytherefloatsFromtheirthroats
　　Fromtheirmerrylittlethroats
　　Fromthesilver，tinklingthroatsOfthebells，bells，bells
　　Ofthebells！
　　II。
　　Thebells！-ah，thebells！
　　Theheavyironbells！
　　HowhorribleamonodytherefloatsFromtheirthroats
　　Fromtheirdeep-tonedthroats
　　Fromtheirmelancholythroats！
　　HowIshudderatthenotesOfthebells，bells，bells
　　Ofthebells！
　　Intheautumnof1848Poeaddedanotherlinetothispoem，andsentittotheeditorofthe“UnionMagazine。”Itwasnotpublished。So，inthefollowingFebruary，thepoetforwardedtothesameperiodicalamuchenlargedandalteredtranscript。Threemonthshavingelapsedwithoutpublication，anotherrevisionofthepoem，similartothecurrentversion，wassent，andinthefollowingOctoberwaspublishedinthe“UnionMagazine。”
　　3。ThispoemwasfirstpublishedinColton’s“AmericanReview“forDecember，1847，as“To-Ulalume：aBallad。”Beingreprintedimmediatelyinthe“HomeJournal。”itwascopiedintovariouspublicationswiththenameoftheeditor，N。P。Willis，appended，andwasascribedtohim。Whenfirstpublished，itcontainedthefollowingadditionalstanzawhichPoesubsequently，atthesuggestionofMrs。Whitman，wiselysuppressed：
　　Saidwethen-wetwo，tben-“Ah，canitHavebeenthatthewoodlandishghouls
　　Thepitiful，themercifulghouls
　　TobarupourpathandtobanitFromthesecretthatliesinthesewolds
　　HaddrawnupthespectreofaplanetFromthelimbooflunarysouls
　　ThissinfullyscintillantplanetFromtheHelloftheplanetarysouls？”
　　4。“ToHelen！’Mrs。S。HelenWhitmanwasnotpublisheduntilNovember，1848，althoughwrittenseveralmonthsearlier。Itfirstappearedinthe“UnionMagazine。”andwiththeomission，contrarytotheknowledgeordesireofPoe，oftheline，“Oh，Godloh，Heaven-howmyheartbeatsincouplingthosetwowords。”
　　5。“AnnabelLee“waswrittenearlyin1849，andisevidentlyanexpressionofthepoet’sundyingloveforhisdeceasedbride，althoughatleastoneofhisladyadmirersdeemeditaresponsetoheradmiration。Poesentacopyoftheballadtothe“UnionMagazine。”inwhichpublicationitappearedinJanuary，1850，threemonthsaftertheauthor’sdeath。Whilesufferingfrom“hopedeferred“astoitsfate，Poepresentedacopyof“AnnabelLee“totheeditorofthe“SouthernLiteraryMessenger。”whopublisheditintheNovembernumberofhisperiodical，amonthafterPoe’sdeath。Inthemeantimethepoet’sowncopy，leftamonghispapers，passedintothehandsofthepersonengagedtoedithisworks，andhequotedthepoeminanobituaryofPoe，intheNewYork“Tribune。”beforeanyoneelsehadanopportunityofpublishingit。
　　6。“AValentine。”oneofthreepoemsaddressedtoMrs。Osgood，appearstohavebeenwrittenearlyin1846。
　　7。“AnEnigma。”addressedtoMrs。SarahAnnaLewis“Stella“，wassenttothatladyinaletter，inNovember，1847，andthefollowingMarchappearedinSartain’s“UnionMagazine。”
　　8。Thesonnet，“ToMyMother“MariaClemm，wassentforpublicationtotheshort-lived“FlagofourUnion。”earlyin1849，’butdoesnotappeartohavebeenissueduntilafteritsauthor’sdeath，whenitappearedinthe“LeafletsofMemory“for1850。
　　9。“ForAnnie“wasfirstpublishedinthe“FlagofourUnion。”inthespringof1849。Poe，annoyedatsomemisprintsinthisissue，shortlyafterwardscausedacorrectedcopytobeinsertedinthe“HomeJournal。”
　　10。“ToF“FrancesSargeantOsgoodappearedinthe“Broadwayjournal“forApril，1845。Theselinesarebutslightlyvariedfromthoseinscribed“ToMary。”inthe“SouthernLiteraryMessenger“forJuly，1835，andsubsequentlyrepublished，withthetwostanzastransposed，in“Graham’sMagazine“forMarch，1842，as“ToOneDeparted。”
　　11。“ToFsS。Od。”aportionofthepoet’striunetributetoMrs。
　　Osgood，waspublishedinthe“BroadwayJournal“forSeptember，1845。Theearliestversionoftheselinesappearedinthe“SouthernLiteraryMessenger“forSeptember，1835，as“LineswritteninanAlbum。”andwasaddressedtoElizaWhite，theproprietor’sdaughter。Slightlyrevised，thepoemreappearedinBurton’s“Gentleman’sMagazine“forAugust，1839，as“To。”
　　12。Although“Eldorado“waspublishedduringPoe’slifetime，in1849，inthe“FlagofourUnion。”itdoesnotappeartohaveeverreceivedtheauthor’sfinishingtouches。
　　AHbrokenisthegoldenbowl！thespiritflownforever！
　　Letthebelltoll！-asaintlysoulfloatsontheStygianriver；
　　And，GuyDeVere，hast_thou_notear？-weepnowornevermore！
　　See！onyondrearandrigidbierlowliesthylove，Lenore！
　　Come！lettheburialriteberead-thefuneralsongbesung！-
　　Ananthemforthequeenliestdeadthateverdiedsoyoung-
　　Adirgeforherthedoublydeadinthatshediedsoyoung。
　　“Wretches！yelovedherforherwealthandhatedherforherpride，“Andwhenshefellinfeeblehealth，yeblessedher-thatshedied！
　　“Howshalltheritual，then，beread？-therequiemhowbesung“Byyou-byyours，theevileye，-byyours，theslanderoustongue“Thatdidtodeaththeinnocentthatdied，anddiedsoyoung？”
　　_Peccavimus_；butravenotthus！andletaSabbathsongGouptoGodsosolemnlythedeadmayfeelsowrong！
　　ThesweetLenorehath“gonebefore。”withHope，thatflewbesideLeavingtheewildforthedearchildthatshouldhavebeenthybride-
　　Forher，thefairand_debonair_，thatnowsolowlylies，Thelifeuponheryellowhairbutnotwithinhereyes-
　　Thelifestillthere，uponherhair-thedeathuponhereyes。
　　“Avaunt！to-nightmyheartislight。NodirgewillIupraise，“ButwafttheangelonherflightwithaPaeanofolddays！
　　“Letnobelltoll！-lesthersweetsoul，amiditshallowedmirth，“Shouldcatchthenote，asitdothfloat-upfromthedamnedEarth。
　　“Tofriendsabove，fromfiendsbelow，theindignantghostisriven-
　　“FromHelluntoahighestatefarupwithintheHeaven-
　　“Fromgriefandgroan，toagoldenthrone，besidetheKingofHeaven。”
　　TOONEINPARADISE。
　　THOUwastallthattome，love，Forwhichmysouldidpine
　　Agreenisleinthesea，love，Afountainandashrime，Allwreathedwithfairyfruitsandflowers，Andalltheflowersweremine。
　　Ah，dreamtoobrighttolast！
　　Ah，starryHope！thatdidstariseButtobeovercast！
　　AvoicefromouttheFuturecries，“On！on！”buto’erthePastDimguld！myspirithoveringliesMute，mothionless，aghast！
　　For，alas！alas！withmeThelightofLifeiso’er！
　　Nomorenomorenomore
　　SuchlanguageholdsthesolemnseaTothesandsupontheshore
　　Shallbloomthethunder0blastedtree，Orthestrickeneaglesoar！
　　Andallmydaysaretrances，AndallmynightlydreamsArewherethydarkeyeglances，Andwherethyfootstepgleams
　　Inwhatetherealdances，Bywhateternalstreams。
　　TYPEoftheantiqueRome！RichreliquaryOfloftycontemplationlefttoTimeByburiedcenturiesofpompandpower！
　　Atlength-atlength-aftersomanydaysOfwearypilgrimageandburningthirst，Thirstforthespringsoflorethatintheelie，
　　Ikneel，analteredandanhumbleman，Amidthyshadows，andsodrinkwithinMyverysoulthygrandeur，gloom，andglory！
　　Vastness！andAge！andMemoriesofEld！
　　Silence！andDesolation！anddimNight！
　　Ifeelyenow-Ifeelyeinyourstrength-
　　Ospellsmoresurethane’erJud鎍nkingTaughtinthegardensofGethsemane！
　　OcharmsmorepotentthantheraptChaldeeEverdrewdownfromoutthequietstars！
　　Here，whereaherofell，acolumnfalls！
　　Here，wherethemimiceagleglaredingold，Amidnightvigilholdstheswarthybat！
　　Here，wherethedamesofRometheirgildedhairWavedtothewind，nowwavethereedandthistle！
　　Here，whereongoldenthronethemonarchlolled，Glides，spectre-like，untohismarblehome，Litbythewanlight