Andhowisitkeptgood？
　　Lookatallthoseloadsofhay，whicharebeingcarriedoffthefield。Doyouthinkyoucantakeallthatawaywithoutputtinganythinginitsplace？
　　Whynot？
　　IfItookallthebutteroutofthechurn，whatmustIdoifI
　　wantmorebutterstill？
　　Putmorecreamin。
　　So，ifIwantmoregrasstogrow，Imustputonthesoilmoreofwhatgrassismadeof。
　　Butthebutterdon’tgrow，andthegrassdoes。
　　Whatdoesthegrassgrowin？
　　Thesoil。
　　Yes。Justasthebuttergrowsinthechurn。Soyoumustputfreshgrass—stuffcontinuallyintothesoil，asyouputfreshcreamintothechurn。Youhaveheardthefarmmensay，"Thatcrophastakenagooddealoutoftheland"？
　　Yes。
　　Thentheyspokeexacttruth。WhatwillthathayturnintobyChristmas？Can’tyoutell？Intomilk，ofcourse，whichyouwilldrink；andintohorsefleshtoo，whichyouwilluse。
　　Usehorseflesh？Noteatit？
　　No；wehavenotgotasfarasthat。WedidnotevenmakeupourmindstotastetheCambridgedonkey。Buteverytimethehorsedrawsthecarriage，heusesupsomuchmuscle；andthatmusclehemustgetbackagainbyeatinghayandcorn；andthathayandcornmustbeputbackagainintothelandbymanure，ortherewillbeallthelessforthehorsenextyear。Foronecannoteatone’scakeandkeepittoo；andnomorecanoneeatone’sgrass。
　　Sothisfieldisatrulywonderfulplace。Itisnouglypileofbrickandmortar，withatallchimneypouringoutsmokeandevilsmells，withunhealthy，haggardpeopletoilinginside。Whydoyoulooksurprised？
　　Because——becausenobodyeversaiditwas。Youmeanamanufactory。
　　Well，andthishay—fieldisamanufactory：onlylikemostofMadamHow’sworkshops，infinitelymorebeautiful，aswellasinfinitelymorecrafty，thananymanufactoryofman’sbuilding。
　　Itisbeautifultobehold，andhealthytoworkin；ajoyandblessingaliketotheeye，andthemind，andthebody：andyetitisamanufactory。
　　Butamanufactoryofwhat？
　　Ofmilkofcourse，andcows，andsheep，andhorses；andofyourbodyandmine——forweshalldrinkthemilkandeatthemeat。Andthereforeitisafleshandmilkmanufactory。Wemustputintoiteveryyearyard—stuff，tank—stuff，guano，bones，andanythingandeverythingofthatkin，thatMadamHowmaycookitforusintograss，andcookthegrassagainintomilkandmeat。Butifwedon’tgiveMadamHowmaterialtoworkon，wecannotexpecthertoworkforus。Andwhatdoyouthinkwillhappenthen？Shewillsettoworkforherself。Therichgrasseswilldwindleforwantofammonia（thatissmellingsalts），andtherichcloversforwantofphosphates（thatisbone—earth）：andintheirplaceswillcomeoverthebanktheoldweedsandgrassoffthemoor，whichhavenotroomtogetinnow，becausethegroundiscovetedalready。Theywantnoammonianorphosphates——atalleventstheyhavenone，andthatiswhythecattleonthemoornevergetfat。Sotheycanlivewheretheserichgrassescannot。Andthentheywillconquerandthrive；andtheFieldwillturnintoWildoncemore。
　　Ah，mychild，thankGodforyourforefathers，whenyoulookoverthatboundarymark。ForthedifferencebetweentheFieldandtheWildisthedifferencebetweentheoldEnglandofMadamHow’smaking，andthenewEnglandwhichshehastaughtmantomake，carryingonwhatshehadonlybegunandhadnottimetofinish。
　　Thatmoorisapatternbitlefttoshowwhatthegreaterpartofthislandwaslikeforlongagesafterithadrisenoutofthesea；whentherewaslittleornothingontheflatuppermoorssaveheaths，andling，andclub—mosses，andsoftgorse，andneedle—
　　whin，andcreepingwillows；andfurzeandfernuponthebrows；andinthebottomsoakandash，beechandalder，hazelandmountainash，hollyandthorn，withhereandthereanaspenorabuckthorn（berry—bearingalderasyoucallit），andeverywhere——wherehecouldthrustdownhislongroot，andthrustuphislongshoots——
　　thatintrudingconquerorandinsolenttyrant，thebramble。Thereweresedgesandrushes，too，inthebogs，andcoarsegrassontheforestpastures——or"leas"aswecallthemtothisdayroundhere—
　　—butnorealgreenfields；and，Isuspect，veryfewgayflowers，saveinspringthesheetsofgoldengorse，andinsummerthepurpleheather。SuchwasoldEngland——orrather，suchwasthislandbeforeitwasEngland；afarsadder，damper，poorerlandthannow。Foronemanoronecoworsheepwhichcouldhavelivedonitthen，ahundredcanlivenow。Andyet，whatitwasonce，thatitmightbecomeagain，——itsurelywouldroundhere，ifthisbraveEnglishpeoplediedoutofit，andthelandwaslefttoitselfoncemore。
　　Whatwouldhappenthen，youmayguessforyourself，fromwhatyouseehappenwheneverthelandislefttoitself，asitisinthewoodabove。Inthatwoodyoucanstillseethegrassridgesandfurrowswhichshowthatitwasonceploughedandsownbyman；
　　perhapsaslateasthetimeofHenrytheEighth，whenagreatdealofpoorland，asyouwillreadsomeday，wasthrownoutoftillage，tobecomeforestanddownoncemore。Andwhatisthemountnow？Ajungleofoakandbeech，cherryandholly，youngandoldallgrowinguptogether，withthemountainashandbrambleandfurzecomingupsofastbeneaththem，thatwehavetocutthepathsclearagainyearbyyear。Why，eventhelittlecow—wheat，averyold—worldplant，whichonlygrowsinancientwoods，hasfounditswaybackagain，Iknownotwhence，andcoverstheopenspaceswithitsprettyyellowandwhiteflowers。Manhadconqueredthismount，yousee，fromMadamHow，hundredsofyearsago。Andshealwaysletsmanconquerher，becauseLadyWhywishesmantoconquer：onlyhemusthaveafairfightwithMadamHowfirst，andtryhisstrengthagainstherstotheutmost。Somanconqueredthewoodforawhile；anditbecamecornfieldinsteadofforest：buthewasnotstrongandwiseenoughthreehundredyearsagotokeepwhathehadconquered；andbackcameMadamHow，andtooktheplaceintoherownhands，andbadetheoldforesttreesandplantscomebackagain——astheywouldcomeiftheywerenotstoppedyearbyyear，downfromthewood，overthepastures——killingtherichgrassesastheywent，tilltheymetanotherforestcomingupfrombelow，andfoughtitformanyayear，tillbothmadepeace，andlivedquietlysidebysideforages。
　　Anotherforestcomingupfrombelow？Wherewoulditcomefrom？
　　Fromwhereitisnow。Comedownandlookalongthebrook，andeverydrainandgripwhichrunsintothebrook。Whatishere？
　　Seedlingalders，andsomewithiesamongthem。
　　Verywell。Youknowhowwepullthesealdersup，andcutthemdown，andyettheycontinuallycomeagain。Now，ifweandallhumanbeingsweretoleavethispastureforafewhundredyears，wouldnotthosealdersincreaseintoawood？Wouldtheynotkillthegrass，andspreadrightandleft，seedingthemselvesmoreandmoreasthegrassdied，andleftthegroundbare，tilltheymettheoaksandbeechescomingdownthehill？Andthenwouldbeginagreatfight，foryearsandyears，betweenoakandbeechagainstalderandwillow。
　　Buthowcantreesfight？Couldtheymoveorbeateachotherwiththeirboughs？
　　Notquitethat；thoughtheydobeateachotherwiththeirboughs，fiercelyenough，inagaleofwind；andthenthetreeswhohavestrongandstiffboughswoundthosewhohavebrittleandlimpboughs，andsohurtthem，andifthestormscomeoftenenough，killthem。Butamongthesetreesinashelteredvalleythelargerandstrongerwouldkilltheweakerandsmallerbysimplyovershadowingtheirtops，andstarvingtheirroots；starvingthem，indeed，somuchwhentheygrowverythick，thatthepoorlittleacorns，andbeechmast，andalderseedswouldnotbeabletosproutatall。Sotheywouldfight，killingeachother’schildren，tillthewarended——IthinkIcanguesshow。
　　How？
　　Thebeechesareasdaintyastheyarebeautiful；andtheydonotliketogettheirfeetwet。Sotheywouldventuredownthehillonlyasfarasthedrygroundlasts，andthosewhotriedtogrowanylowerwoulddie。Buttheoaksarehardy，anddonotcaremuchwheretheygrow。Sotheywouldfighttheirwaydownintothewetgroundamongthealdersandwillows，tilltheycametowheretheirenemiesweresothickandtall，thattheacornsastheyfellcouldnotsproutinthedarkness。Andsoyouwouldhaveatlast，alongthehill—side，aforestofbeechandoak，lowerdownaforestofoakandalder，andalongthestream—sidealdersandwillowsonly。
　　Andthatwouldbeaveryfairexampleofthegreatlawofthestruggleforexistence，whichcausesthecompetitionofspecies。
　　Whatisthat？
　　MadamHowisverystern，thoughsheisalwaysperfectlyjust；andthereforeshemakeseverylivingthingfightforitslife，andearnitsbread，fromitsbirthtillitsdeath；andrewardsitexactlyaccordingtoitsdeserts，andneithermorenorless。
　　Andthecompetitionofspeciesmeans，thateachthing，andkindofthings，hastocompeteagainstthethingsroundit；andtoseewhichisthestronger；andthestrongerlive，andbreed，andspread，andtheweakerdieout。
　　Butthatisveryhard。
　　Iknowit，mychild，Iknowit。Butsoitis。AndMadamHow，nodoubt，wouldbeoftenveryclumsyandverycruel，withoutmeaningit，becausesheneverseesbeyondherownnose，orthinksatallabouttheconsequencesofwhatsheisdoing。ButLadyWhy，whodoesthinkaboutconsequences，ishermistress，andordersheraboutforever。AndLadyWhyis，Ibelieve，aslovingassheiswise；andthereforewemusttrustthatsheguidesthisgreatwarbetweenlivingthings，andtakescarethatMadamHowkillsnothingwhichoughtnottodie，andtakesnothingawaywithoutputtingsomethingmorebeautifulandsomethingmoreusefulinitsplace；
　　andthatevenifEnglandwere，whichGodforbid，overrunoncemorewithforestsandbramble—brakes，thattoowouldbeofusesomehow，somewhere，somewhen，inthelongageswhicharetocomehereafter。
　　Andyoumustremember，too，thatsincemencameintotheworldwithrationalheadsontheirshoulders，LadyWhyhasbeenhandingovermoreandmoreofMadamHow’sworktothem，andsomeofherownworktoo：andbidsthemtoputbeautifulandusefulthingsintheplaceofuglyanduselessones；sothatnowitismen’sownfaultiftheydonotusetheirwits，anddobyalltheworldwhattheyhavedonebythesepastures——changeitfromabarrenmoorintoarichhay—field，bycopyingthelawsofMadamHow，andmakinggrasscompeteagainstheath。Butyoulookthoughtful：
　　whatisityouwanttoknow？
　　Why，yousayalllivingthingsmustfightandscrambleforwhattheycangetfromeachother：andmustnotItoo？ForIamalivingthing。
　　Ah，thatistheoldquestion，whichourLordansweredlongago，andsaid，"Benotanxiouswhatyeshalleatorwhatyeshalldrink，orwherewithalyoushallbeclothed。Forafterallthesethingsdotheheathenseek，andyourHeavenlyFatherknoweththatyehaveneedofthesethings。ButseekyefirstthekingdomofGodandHisrighteousness，andallthesethingsshallbeaddedtoyou。"Afew，veryfew，peoplehavetakenthatadvice。Buttheyhavebeenjustthesaltoftheearth，whichhaskeptmankindfromdecaying。
　　Butwhathasthattodowithit？
　　See。Youarealivingthing，yousay。Areyouaplant？
　　No。
　　Areyouananimal？
　　Idonotknow。Yes。IsupposeIam。Ieat，anddrink，andsleep，justasdogsandcatsdo。
　　Yes。Thereisnodenyingthat。NooneknewthatbetterthanSt。
　　Paulwhenhetoldmenthattheyhadaflesh；thatis，abody，andananimal’snatureinthem。ButSt。Paultoldthem——ofcoursehewasnotthefirsttosayso，forallthewiseheathenshaveknownthat——thattherewassomethingmoreinus，whichhecalledaspirit。Somecallitnowthemoralsentiment，someonething，someanother，butwewillkeeptotheoldword：weshallnotfindabetter。
　　Yes，IknowthatIhaveaspirit，asoul。
　　Bettertosaythatyouareaspirit。ButwhatdoesSt。Paulsay？
　　Thatourspiritistoconquerourflesh，andkeepitdown。Thatthemaninus，inshort，whichismadeinthelikenessofGod，istoconquertheanimalinus，whichismadeinthelikenessofthedogandthecat，andsometimes（Ifear）inthelikenessoftheapeorthepig。Youwouldnotwishtobelikeacat，muchlesslikeanapeorapig？
　　Ofcoursenot。
　　Thendonotcopythem，bycompetingandstrugglingforexistenceagainstotherpeople。
　　Whatdoyoumean？
　　Didyouneverwatchthepigsfeeding？
　　Yes，andhowtheygrudgeandquarrel，andshoveeachother’snosesoutofthetrough，andevenbiteeachotherbecausetheyaresojealouswhichshallgetmost。
　　Thatisit。Andhowthebiggestpigdrivestheothersaway，andwouldstarvethemwhilehegotfat，ifthemandidnotdrivehimoffinhisturn。
　　Oh，yes；Iknow。
　　Thennowiserthanthosepigsareworldlymenwhocompete，andgrudge，andstrugglewitheachother，whichshallgetmostmoney，mostfame，mostpowerovertheirfellow—men。Theywilltellyou，mychild，thatthatisthetruephilosophy，andthetruewisdom；
　　thatcompetitionisthenaturallawofsociety，andthesourceofwealthandprosperity。Donotyoulistentothem。Thatisthewisdomofthisworld，whichthefleshteachestheanimals；andthosewhofollowit，liketheanimals，willperish。SuchmenarenotevenaswiseasSweeptheretriever。
　　NotaswiseasSweep？
　　Notthey。SweepwillnottakeawayVictor’sbone，thoughheistentimesasbigasVictor，andcouldkillhiminamoment；andwhenhecatchesarabbit，doesheeatithimself？
　　Ofcoursenot；hebringsitandlaysitdownatourfeet。
　　Becausehelikesbettertodohisduty，andbepraisedforit，thantoeattherabbit，dearlyashelongstoeatit。
　　Butheisonlyananimal。Whotaughthimtobegenerous，anddutiful，andfaithful？
　　Who，indeed！Notwe，youknowthat，forhehasgrownupwithussinceapuppy。Howhelearntit，andhisparentsbeforehim，isamystery，ofwhichwecanonlysay，Godhastaughtthem，weknownothow。Butseewhathashappened——thatjustbecausedogshavelearntnottobeselfishandtocompete——thatis，havebecomecivilisedandtame——thereforeweletthemlivewithus，andlovethem。Becausetheytrytobegoodintheirsimpleway，thereforetheytoohaveallthingsaddedtothem，andlivefarhappier，andmorecomfortablelivesthantheselfishwolfandfox。
　　Butwhyhavenotallanimalsfoundoutthat？
　　Icannottell：theremaybewiseanimalsandfoolishanimals，astherearewiseandfoolishmen。Indeedthereare。Iseeaverywiseanimalthere，whonevercompetes；forshehaslearnedsomethingofthegoldenlesson——thatitismoreblessedtogivethantoreceive；andsheactsonwhatshehaslearnt，alldaylong。
　　Whichdoyoumean？Why，thatisabee。
　　Yes，itisabee：andIwishIwereasworthyinmyplaceasthatbeeisinhers。IwishIcouldactupaswellasshedoestothetruewisdom，whichisself—sacrifice。Forwhomisthatbeeworking？Forherself？Ifthatwasall，sheonlyneedstosuckthehoneyasshegoes。Butsheisstoringupthewaxunderherstomach，andbee—breadinherthighs——forwhom？Notforherselfonly，orevenforherownchildren：butforthechildrenofanotherbee，herqueen。Forthemshelaboursalldaylong，buildsforthem，feedsthem，nursesthem，spendsherloveandcunningonthem。Sodoesthatantonthepath。Sheiscarryinghomethatsticktobuildforotherants’children。Sodothewhiteantsinthetropics。Theyhavelearntnottocompete，buttohelpeachother；nottobeselfish，buttosacrificethemselves；andthereforetheyarestrong。
　　Butyoutoldmeoncethatantswouldfightandplundereachother’snests。Andoncewesawtwohivesofbeesfightingintheair，andfallingdeadbydozens。
　　Mychild，donotmenfight，andkilleachotherbythousandswithsharpshotandcoldsteel，because，thoughtheyhavelearntthevirtueofpatriotism，theyhavenotyetlearntthatofhumanity？
　　Wemustnotblamethebeesandantsiftheyarenowiserthanmen。
　　Atleasttheyarewiseenoughtostandupfortheircountry，thatis，theirhive，andworkforit，anddieforit，ifneedbe；andthatmakesthemstrong。
　　Buthowdoesthatmakethemstrong？
　　How，isadeepquestion，andoneIcanhardlyansweryet。Butthatithasmadethemsothereisnodoubt。Lookatthesolitarybees——thegovernorsaswecallthem，wholiveinpairs，inlittleholesinthebanks。Howfewofthemthereare；andtheyneverseemtoincreaseinnumbers。Thenlookatthehivebees，how，justbecausetheyarecivilised，——thatis，becausetheyhelpeachother，andfeedeachother，insteadofbeingsolitaryandselfish，——theybreedsofast，andgetsomuchfood，thatiftheywerenotkilledfortheirhoney，theywouldsoonbecomeanuisance，anddriveusoutoftheparish。
　　Butthenwegivethemtheirhivesreadymade。
　　True。Butinoldforestcountries，wheretreesdecayandgrowhollow，thebeesbreedinthem。
　　Yes。Irememberthebeetreeinthefiravenue。
　　Wellthen，inmanyforestsinhotcountriesthebeesswarminhollowtrees；andthey，andtheants，andthewhiteants，haveitalltheirownway，andarelordsandmasters，drivingtheverywildbeastsbeforethem，whiletheantsandwhiteantseatupallgardens，andplantations，andclothes，andfurniture；tillitisaseriousquestionwhetherinsomehotcountriesmanwilleverbeabletosettle，sostronghavetheantsgrown，byagesofcivilisation，andnotcompetingagainsttheirbrothersandsisters。
　　ButmayInotcompeteforprizesagainsttheotherboys？
　　Well，thereisnoharminthat；foryoudonotharmtheothers，evenifyouwin。Theywillhavelearntallthemore，whiletryingfortheprize；andsowillyou，evenifyoudon’tgetit。ButI
　　tellyoufairly，tryingforprizesisonlyfitforachild；andwhenyoubecomeaman，youmustputawaychildishthings——
　　competitionamongtherest。
　　ButsurelyImaytrytobebetterandwiserandmorelearnedthaneverybodyelse？
　　Mydearestchild，whytryforthat？Trytobeasgood，andwise，andlearnedasyoucan，andifyoufindanyman，ortenthousandmen，superiortoyou，thankGodforit。Doyouthinkthattherecanbetoomuchwisdomintheworld？
　　Ofcoursenot：butIshouldliketobethewisestmaninit。
　　Thenyouwouldonlyhavetheheaviestburdenofallmenonyourshoulders。
　　Why？
　　Becauseyouwouldberesponsibleformorefoolishpeoplethananyoneelse。RememberwhatwiseoldMosessaid，whensomeonecameandtoldhimthatcertainmeninthecampwereprophesying——"WouldGodalltheLord’speopledidprophesy！"Yes；itwouldhavesavedMosesmanyaheartache，andmanyasleeplessnight，ifalltheJewshadbeenwiseashewas，andwiserstill。Sodonotyoucompetewithgoodandwisemen，butsimplycopythem：andwhateveryoudo，donotcompetewiththewolves，andtheapes，andtheswineofthisworld；forthatisagameatwhichyouaresuretobebeaten。
　　Why？
　　BecauseLadyWhy，ifshelovesyou（asItrustshedoes），willtakecarethatyouarebeaten，lestyoushouldfancyitwasreallyprofitabletolivelikeacunningsortofanimal，andnotlikeatrueman。AndhowshewilldothatIcantellyou。Shewilltakecarethatyoualwayscomeacrossaworsemanthanyouaretryingtobe，——amoreapishman，whocantumbleandplaymonkey—tricksforpeople’samusementbetterthanyoucan；oramoreswinishman，whocangetatmoreofthepig’s—washthanyoucan；oramorewolfishman，whowilleatyouupifyoudonotgetoutofhisway；
　　andsoshewilldisappointanddisgustyou，mychild，withthatgreedy，selfish，vainanimallife，tillyouturnroundandseeyourmistake，andtrytolivethetruehumanlife，whichalsoisdivine；——tobejustandhonourable，gentleandforgiving，generousanduseful——inoneword，tofearGod，andkeepHiscommandments：
　　andasyoulivethatlife，youwillfindthat，bytheeternallawsofLadyWhy，allotherthingswillbeaddedtoyou；thatpeoplewillbegladtoknowyou，gladtohelpyou，gladtoemployyou，becausetheyseethatyouwillbeofusetothem，andwilldothemnoharm。Andifyoumeet（asyouwillmeet）withpeoplebetterandwiserthanyourself，thensomuchthebetterforyou；fortheywillloveyou，andbegladtoteachyouwhentheyseethatyouarelivingtheunselfishandharmlesslife；andthatyoucometothem，notasfoolishCritiascametoSocrates，tolearnpoliticalcunning，andbecomeaselfishandambitioustyrant，butaswisePlatocame，thathemightlearnthelawsofLadyWhy，andlovethemforhersake，andteachthemtoallmankind。Andsoyou，liketheplantsandanimals，willgetyourdesertsexactly，withoutcompetingandstrugglingforexistenceastheydo。
　　Andallthishascomeoutoflookingatthehay—fieldandthewildmoor。
　　Whynot？Thereisananimalinyou，andthereisamaninyou。
　　Iftheanimalgetstheupperhand，allyourcharacterwillfallbackintowilduselessmoor；ifthemangetstheupperhand，allyourcharacterwillbecultivatedintorichandfertilefield。
　　Choose。
　　Nowcomedownhome。Thehaymakersarerestingunderthehedge。
　　Thehorsesaredawdlinghometothefarm。Thesunisgettinglow，andtheshadowslong。Comehome，andgotobedwhilethehouseisfragrantwiththesmellofhay，anddreamthatyouarestillplayingamongthehaycocks。Whenyougrowold，youwillhaveotherandsadderdreams。
　　CHAPTERXI——THEWORLD’SEND
　　Hullo！hi！wakeup。Jumpoutofbed，andcometothewindow，andseewhereyouare。
　　Whatawonderfulplace！
　　Soitis：thoughitisonlypooroldIreland。Don’tyourecollectthatwhenwestartedItoldyouweweregoingtoIreland，andthroughittotheWorld’sEnd；andherewearenowsafeattheendoftheoldworld，andbeyondusthegreatAtlantic，andbeyondthatagain，thousandsofmilesaway，thenewworld，whichwillberichandprosperous，civilisedandnoble，thousandsofyearshence，whenthisoldworld，itmaybe，willbedead，andlittlechildrentherewillbereadingintheirhistorybooksofAncientEnglandandofAncientFrance，asyounowreadofGreeceandRome。
　　Butwhatawonderfulplaceitis！Whatarethosegreatgreenthingsstandingupinthesky，alloverpurpleribsandbars，withtheirtopshidintheclouds？
　　Thosearemountains；thebonesofsomeoldworld，whosepoorbaresidesMadamHowistryingtocoverwithrichgreengrass。
　　Andhowfaroffarethey？
　　HowIshouldliketowalkuptothetopofthatonewhichlooksquiteclose。
　　Youwillfinditalongwalkupthere；threemiles，Idaresay，overblackbogsandbanksofrock，andupcorriesandcliffswhichyoucouldnotclimb。Thereareplentyofcowsonthatmountain：
　　andyettheylooksosmall，youcouldnotseethem，norIeither，withoutaglass。Thatlongwhitestreak，zigzaggingdownthemountainside，isaroaringcataractoffoamfivehundredfeethigh，fullnowwithlastnight’srain；butbythisafternoonitwillhavedwindledtoalittlethread；andto—morrow，whenyougetup，ifnomorerainhascomedown，itwillbegone。MadamHowworkshereamongthemountainsswiftlyandhugely，andsometimesterriblyenough；asyoushallseewhenyouhavehadyourbreakfast，andcomedowntothebridgewithme。
　　Butwhatabeautifulplaceitis！Flowersandwoodsandalawn；
　　andwhatisthatgreatsmoothpatchinthelawnjustunderthewindow？
　　Isitanemptyflower—bed？
　　Ah，therebyhangsastrangetale。Wewillgoandlookatitafterbreakfast，andthenyoushallseewithyourowneyesoneofthewonderswhichIhavebeentellingyouof。
　　Andwhatisthatshiningbetweenthetrees？
　　Water。
　　Isitalake？
　　Notalake，thoughthereareplentyroundhere；thatissaltwater，notfresh。Lookawaytotheright，andyouseeitthroughtheopeningofthewoodsagainandagain：andnowlookabovethewoods。Youseeafaintblueline，andgrayandpurplelumpslikeclouds，whichrestuponitfaraway。That，child，isthegreatAtlanticOcean，andthoseareislandsinthefarwest。ThewaterwhichwashesthebottomofthelawnwasbutafewmonthsagopouringoutoftheGulfofMexico，betweentheBahamasandFlorida，andsweptawayhereasthegreatoceanriverofwarmwaterwhichwecalltheGulfStream，bringingwithitoutoftheopenoceantheshoalsofmackerel，andtheporpoisesandwhaleswhichfeeduponthem。Somefineafternoonwewillrundownthebayandcatchstrangefishes，suchasyouneversawbefore，andverylikelyseealivingwhale。
　　What？suchawhaleastheygetwhalebonefrom，andwhicheatssea—
　　moths？
　　No，theylivefarnorth，intheArcticcircle；thesearegrampuses，andbottle—noses，whichfeedonfish；notsobigastherightwhales，butquitebigenoughtoastonishyou，ifonecomesupandblowsclosetotheboat。Getyourselfdressedandcomedown，andthenwewillgoout；weshallhaveplentytoseeandtalkofateverystep。
　　Now，youhavefinishedyourbreakfastatlast，socomealong，andweshallseewhatweshallsee。Firstrunoutacrossthegravel，andscrambleupthatbankoflawn，andyouwillseewhatyoufanciedwasanemptyflower—bed。
　　Why，itisallhardrock。
　　Ah，youarecomeintothelandofrocksnow：outofthelandofsandandgravel；outofasoftyoungcorneroftheworldintoaveryhard，old，weather—beatencorner；andyouwillseerocksenough，andtoomanyforthepoorfarmers，beforeyougohomeagain。
　　Buthowbeautifullysmoothandflattherockis：andyetitisallrounded。
　　Whatisitlike？
　　Like——likethehalfofashell。
　　Notbadlysaid，butthinkagain。
　　Like——like——Iknowwhatitislike。Likethebackofsomegreatmonsterpeepingupthroughtheturf。
　　Youhavegotit。SuchrocksasthesearecalledinSwitzerland"rochesmoutonnees，"becausetheyare，peoplefancy，likesheep’sbacks。Nowlookatthecracksandlayersinit。Theyrunacrossthestone；theyhavenothingtodowiththeshapeofit。Youseethat？
　　Yes：butherearecracksrunningacrossthem，allalongthestone，tilltheturfhidesthem。
　　Lookatthemagain；theyarenocracks；theydonotgointothestone。
　　Isee。Theyarescratched；somethinglikethoseontheelder—stemathome，wherethecatssharpentheirclaws。Butitwouldtakeabigcattomakethem。
　　DoyourecollectwhatItoldyouofMadamHow’shand，moreflexiblethananyhandofman，andyetstrongenoughtogrindthemountainsintopaste？
　　Iknow。Ice！ice！ice！Butarethesereallyice—marks？
　　Child，ontheplacewherewenowstand，overrichlawns，andwarmwoods，andshininglochs，layonceonatimehundreds，itmaybethousands，offeetofsolidice，crawlingoffyondermountain—topsintotheoceanthereoutside；andthisisoneofitstracks。Seehowthescratchesallpointstraightdownthevalley，andstraightouttosea。Thosemountainsare2000feethigh：buttheyweremuchhigheronce；fortheicehasplanedthetopsoffthem。Then，itseemstome，theicesank，andleftthemountainsstandingoutofitabouthalftheirheight，andatthatlevelitstayed，tillithadplaneddownallthoselowermoorsofsmoothbarerockbetweenusandtheWesternocean；andthenitsankagain，anddwindledback，leavingmoraines（thatis，heapsofdirtandstones）allupthesevalleyshereandthere，tillatthelastitmeltedallaway，andpooroldIrelandbecamefittoliveinagain。
　　Wewillgodownthebaysomedayandlookatthosemoraines，someofthemquitehillsofearth，andthenyouwillseeforyourselfhowmightyachiseltheice—chiselwas，andwhatvastheapsofchipsithasleftbehind。Nowthen，downoverthelawntowardsthebridge。Listentotheriver，louderandloudereverystepwetake。
　　Whataroar！Isthereawaterfallthere？
　　No。Itisonlytheflood。Andunderneaththeroarofthatflood，doyounothearadeepernote——adullrumbling，asiffromunderground？
　　Yes。Whatisit？
　　Therollingofgreatstonesunderwater，whicharebeingpolishedagainsteachother，astheyhurrytowardthesea。Now，upontheparapetofthebridge。Iwillholdyoutight。LookandseeMadamHow’srain—spadeatwork。Lookattheterribleyellowtorrentbelowus，almostfillingupthearchesofthebridge，andleapinghighinwavesandcrestsoffoam。
　　Oh，thebridgeisfallingintothewater！
　　Notabit。Youarenotaccustomedtoseewaterrunningbelowyouattenmilesanhour。Nevermindthatfeeling。Itwillgooffinafewseconds。Look；thewaterisfullsixfeetupthetrunksofthetrees；overthegrassandthekingfern，andthetallpurpleloose—strife—
　　Oh！Herecomesatreedancingdown！
　　Andtherearesometurfswhichhavebeencutonthemountain。Andthereisareallysadsight。Lookwhatcomesnow。
　　One——two——three。
　　Why，theyaresheep。
　　Yes。Andasadlosstheywillbetosomepoorfellowintheglenabove。
　　Andoh！Lookatthepigturningroundandroundsolemnlyinthecornerundertherock。Poorpiggy！Heoughttohavebeenathomesafeinhisstye，andnotwanderingaboutthehills。Andwhatarethesecomingnow？
　　Butterfirkins，Ithink。Yes。Thisisagreatflood。Itiswelliftherearenoliveslost。
　　ButisitnotcruelofMadamHowtomakesuchfloods？
　　Well——letusaskoneofthesemenwhoarelookingoverthebridge。
　　Why，whatdoeshesay？Icannotunderstandoneword。IshetalkingIrish？
　　Irish—Englishatleast：butwhathesaidwas，thatitwasamightyfinefloodentirely，praisedbeGod；andwouldhelponthepotatoesandoatsafterthedrought，andsetthegrassgrowingagainonthemountains。
　　Andwhatishesayingnow？
　　Thattheriverwillbefullofsalmonandwhitetroutafterthis。
　　Whatdoeshemean？
　　Thatunderourfeetnow，ifwecouldseethroughthemuddywater，dozensofsalmonandsea—troutarerunningupfromthesea。
　　What！upthisfuriousstream？
　　Yes。Whatwouldbedeathtoyouispleasureandplaytothem。Uptheyaregoing，tospawninthelittlebrooksamongthemountains；
　　andallofthemarethebestoffood，fattenedontheherringsandspratsintheseaoutside，MadamHow’sfreegift，whichdoesnotcostmanafarthing，savetheexpenseofnetsandrodstocatchthem。
　　Howcanthatbe？
　　Iwillgiveyouabitofpoliticaleconomy。Supposeapoundofsalmonisworthashilling；andapoundofbeefisworthashillinglikewise。Beforewecaneatthebeef，ithascostperhapstenpencetomakethatpoundofbeefoutofturnipsandgrassandoil—cake；andsothecountryisonlytwopenceapoundricherforit。ButMr。Salmonhasmadehimselfoutofwhatheeatsinthesea，andsohascostnothing；andtheshillingapoundisallcleargain。There——youdon’tquiteunderstandthatpieceofpoliticaleconomy。Indeed，itisonlyinthelasttwoorthreeyearsthatolderheadsthanyourshavegottounderstandit，andhavepassedthewisenewsalmonlaws，bywhichtheriverswillbeoncemoreasrichwithfoodasthelandis，justastheywerehundredsofyearsago。Butnow，lookagainattheriver。Whatdoyouthinkmakesitsoyellowandmuddy？
　　Dirt，ofcourse。
　　Andwheredoesthatcomefrom？
　　Offthemountains？
　　Yes。Tonsontonsofwhitemudarebeingcarrieddownpastusnow；andwherewilltheygo？
　　Intothesea？
　　Yes，andsinkthereinthestillwater，tomakenewstrataatthebottom；andperhapsinthem，ageshence，someonewillfindthebonesofthosesheep，andofpoorMr。Pigtoo，fossil—
　　Andthebutterfirkinstoo。Whatfuntofindafossilbutterfirkin！
　　Butnowliftupyoureyestothejaggedmountaincrests，andtheirdarksidesalllacedwithsilverstreams。Outofeverycrackandcrannytherealoft，therainisbringingdowndirt，andstonestoo，whichhavebeensplitoffbythewinter’sfrosts，deepeningeverylittlehollow，andsharpeningeverypeak，andmakingthehillsmorejaggedandsteepyearbyyear。
　　Whentheicewentaway，thehillswereallscrapedsmoothandroundbytheglaciers，liketheflatrockuponthelawn；anduglyenoughtheymusthavelooked，mostlikegreatbrownbuns。Buteversincethen，MadamHowhasbeenscoopingthemoutagainbyherwater—chiselintodeepglens，mightycliffs，sharppeaks，suchasyouseealoft，andmakingtheoldhillsbeautifuloncemore。Why，eventheAlpsinSwitzerlandhavebeencarvedoutbyfrostandrain，outofsomegreatflat。TheverypeakoftheMatterhorn，ofwhichyouhavesooftenseenapicture，isbutonesinglepointleftofsomeenormousbunofrock。Alltheresthasbeencarvedawaybyrainandfrost；andsomedaytheMatterhornitselfwillbecarvedaway，anditslaststonetoppleintotheglacieratitsfoot。See，aswehavebeentalking，wehavegotintothewoods。
　　Oh，whatbeautifulwoods，justlikeourown。
　　Notquite。Therearesomethingsgrowingherewhichdonotgrowathome，asyouwillsoonsee。Andtherearenorocksathome，either，astherearehere。
　　Howstrange，toseetreesgrowingoutofrocks！Howdotheirrootsgetintothestone？
　　Thereisplentyofrichmouldinthecracksforthemtofeedon—
　　"Healthtotheoakofthemountains；hetruststothemightoftherock—clefts。
　　Deeplyhemines，andinpeacefeedsonthewealthofthestone。"
　　Howmanysortsoftreesthereare——oak，andbirchandnuts，andmountain—ash，andhollyandfurze，andheather。
　　Andifyouwenttosomeoftheislandsinthelakeupintheglen，youwouldfindwildarbutus——strawberry—tree，asyoucallit。Wewillgoandgetsomeonedayorother。
　　Howlongandgreenthegrassis，evenontherocks，andtheferns，andthemoss，too。Everythingseemsricherherethanathome。
　　Ofcourseitis。Youarehereinthelandofperpetualspring，wherefrostandsnowseldom，ornevercomes。
　　Oh，lookatthefernsunderthisrock！Imustpicksome。
　　Pickaway。Iwillwarrantyoudonotpickallthesorts。
　　Yes。Ihavegotthemallnow。
　　Notsohasty，child；thereisplentyofabeautifulferngrowingamongthatmoss，whichyouhavepassedover。Lookhere。
　　What！thatlittlethingafern！
　　Holdituptothelight，andsee。
　　Whatalovelylittlething，likeatransparentsea—weed，hungonblackwire。Whatisit？
　　Filmfern，Hymenophyllum。Butwhatareyoustaringatnow，withallyoureyes？
　　Oh！thatrockcoveredwithgreenstarsandacloudoflittlewhiteandpinkflowersgrowingoutofthem。
　　Aha！mygoodlittledog！Ithoughtyouwouldstandtothatgamewhenyoufoundit。
　　Whatisit，though？
　　Youmustanswerthatyourself。Youhaveseenitahundredtimesbefore。
　　Why，itisLondonPride，thatgrowsinthegardenathome。
　　Ofcourseitis：buttheIrishcallitSt。Patrick’scabbage；
　　thoughitgotherealongtimebeforeSt。Patrick；andSt。Patrickmusthavebeenveryshortofgarden—stuffifheeverateit。
　　ButhowdiditgetherefromLondon？
　　No，no。HowdiditgettoLondonfromhence？Forfromthiscountryitcame。IsupposetheEnglishbroughtithomeinQueenBess’sorJamestheFirst’stime。
　　Butifitiswildhere，andwillgrowsowellinEngland，whydowenotfinditwildinEnglandtoo？
　　ForthesamereasonthattherearenotoadsorsnakesinIreland。
　　TheyhadnotgotasfarasIrelandbeforeIrelandwaspartedofffromEngland。AndSt。Patrick’scabbage，andagoodmanyotherplants，hadnotgotasfarasEngland。
　　Butwhy？
　　Why，Idon’tknow。ButthisIknow：thatwhenMadamHowmakesanewsortofplantoranimal，shestartsitinonesingleplace，andleavesittotakecareofitselfandearnitsownliving——asshedoesyouandmeandeveryone——andspreadfromthatplaceallroundasfarasitcango。SoSt。Patrick’scabbagegotintothissouth—westofIreland，long，longago；andwassuchabravesturdylittleplant，thatitclambereduptothetopofthehighestmountains，andoveralltherocks。Butwhenitgottotherichlowlandstotheeastward，incountyCork，itfoundallthegroundtakenupalreadywithotherplants；andastheyhadenoughtodotolivethemselves，theywouldnotletSt。Patrick’scabbagesettleamongthem；andithadtobecontentwithlivinghereinthefar—west——and，whatwasverysad，hadnomeansofsendingwordtoitsbrothersandsistersinthePyreneeshowitwasgettingon。
　　Whatdoyoumean？Areyoumakingfunofme？
　　Nottheleast。Iamonlytellingyouaverystrangestory，whichisliterallytrue。Come，andsitdownonthisbench。Youcan’tcatchthatgreatbutterfly，heistoostrongonthewingforyou。
　　Butoh，whatabeautifulone！
　　Yes，orangeandblack，silverandgreen，agloriouscreature。Butyoumayseehimathomesometimes：thatplantclosetoyou，youcannotseeathome。
　　Why，itisonlygreatspurge，suchasgrowsinthewoodsathome。
　　No。ItisIrishspurgewhichgrowshere，andsometimesinDevonshire，andthenagaininthewestofEurope，downtothePyrenees。Don’ttouchit。Ourwoodspurgeispoisonousenough，butthisisworsestill；ifyougetadropofitsmilkonyourliporeye，youwillbeinagoniesforhalfaday。Thatistheevilplantwithwhichthepoacherskillthesalmon。
　　Howdotheydothat？
　　Whenthesalmonarespawningupinthelittlebrooks，andthewaterislow，theytakethatspurge，andgrinditbetweentwostonesunderwater，andletthemilkrundownintothepool；andatthatallthepoorsalmonturnupdead。Thencomesthewater—
　　bailiff，andcatchesthepoachers。Thencomesthepoliceman，withhisswordathissideandhistruncheonunderhisarm：andthencomesa"cheapjourney"toTraleeGaol，inwhichthosefoolishpoacherssitandreconsiderthemselves，anddeterminenottobreakthesalmonlaws——atleasttillnexttime。
　　Butwhyisitthatthisspurge，andSt。Patrick’scabbage，growonlyhereinthewest？Iftheygothereofthemselves，wheredidtheycomefrom？Alloutsidethereissea；andtheycouldnotfloatoverthat。
　　Come，Isay，andsitdownonthisbench，andIwilltellyouatale，——thestoryoftheOldAtlantis，thesunkenlandinthefarWest。OldPlato，theGreek，toldlegendsofit，whichyouwillreadsomeday；andnowitseemsasifthoseoldlegendshadsometruthinthem，afterall。WearestandingnowononeofthelastremainingscrapsoftheoldAtlanticland。Lookdownthebay。Doyouseefaraway，under，themountains，littleislands，longandlow？
　　Oh，yes。
　　Someoftheseareoldslate，likethemountains；othersarelimestone；bitsoftheoldcoral—reeftothewestofIrelandwhichbecamedryland。
　　Iknow。Youtoldmeaboutit。
　　Thenthatland，whichisalleatenupbythewavesnow，oncejoinedIrelandtoCornwall，andtoSpain，andtotheAzores，andI
　　suspecttotheCapeofGoodHope，andwhatisstranger，toLabrador，onthecoastofNorthAmerica。
　　Oh！Howcanyouknowthat？
　　Listen，andIwillgiveyouyourfirstlessoninwhatIcallBio—
　　geology。
　　Whatalongword！
　　IfyoucanfindashorteroneIshallbeverymuchobligedtoyou，forIhatelongwords。Butwhatitmeansis，——Tellinghowthelandhaschangedinshape，bytheplantsandanimalsuponit。Andifyoueverread（asyouwill）Mr。Wallace’snewbookontheIndianArchipelago，youwillseewhatwonderfuldiscoveriesmenmaymakeaboutsuchquestionsiftheywillbutusetheircommonsense。Youknowthecommonpinkheather——ling，aswecallit？
　　Ofcourse。
　　Thenthatlinggrows，notonlyhereandinthenorthandwestofEurope，butintheAzorestoo；and，whatismorestrange，inLabrador。Now，aslingcanneitherswimnorfly，doesnotcommonsensetellyouthatallthosecountrieswereprobablyjoinedtogetherinoldtimes？
　　Well：butitseemssostrange。
　　Soitis，mychild；andsoiseverything。But，asthefoolsaysinShakespeare—
　　"Alongtimeagotheworldbegan，Withheighho，thewindandtherain。"
　　Andthewindandtherainhavemadestrangeworkwiththepooroldworldeversince。Andthatisaboutallthatwe，whoarenotverymuchwiserthanShakespeare’sfool，cansayaboutthematter。Butagain——theLondonPridegrowshere，andsodoesanothersaxifrageverylikeit，whichwecallSaxifragaGeum。Now，whenIsawthosetwoplantsgrowingintheWesternPyrenees，betweenFranceandSpain，andwiththemthebeautifulbluebutterwort，whichgrowsintheseKerrybogs——wewillgoandfindsome——whatcouldIsaybutthatSpainandIrelandmusthavebeenjoinedonce？
　　Isupposeitmustbeso。
　　Again。Thereisalittlepinkbutterworthereinthebogs，whichgrows，too，indearoldDevonshireandCornwall；andalsointhesouth—westofScotland。Now，whenIfoundthattoo，inthebogsnearBiarritz，closetothePyrenees，andknewthatitstretchedawayalongtheSpanishcoast，andintoPortugal，whatcouldmycommonsenseleadmetosaybutthatScotland，andIreland，andCornwall，andSpainwerealljoinedonce？Thoseareonlyafewexamples。Icouldgiveyouadozenmore。Forinstance，onanislandawaytheretothewest，andonlyinonespot，theregrowsalittlesortoflily，whichisfoundIbelieveinBrittany，andontheSpanishandPortugueseheaths，andeveninNorth—westAfrica。
　　AndthatAfricaandSpainwerejoinednotsoverylongagoattheStraitsofGibraltarthereisnodoubtatall。
　　ButwheredidtheMediterraneanSearunoutthen？
　　Perhapsitdidnotrunoutatall；butwasasalt—waterlake，liketheCaspian，ortheDeadSea。PerhapsitranoutoverwhatisnowtheSahara，thegreatdesertofsand，for，thatwasasea—bottomnotlongago。
　　Butthen，howwasthislandofAtlantisjoinedtotheCapeofGoodHope？
　　Icannotsayhow，orwheneither。Butthisisplain：theplaceintheworldwherethemostbeautifulheathsgrowistheCapeofGoodHope？YouknowIshowedyouCapeheathsonceatthenurserygardener’sathome。
　　Ohyes，pink，andyellow，andwhite；somuchlargerthanours。
　　Thenitseems（Ionlysayitseems）asiftheremusthavebeensomelandoncetothewestward，fromwhichthedifferentsortsofheathspreadsouth—eastwardtotheCape，andnorth—eastwardintoEurope。Andthattheycamenorth—eastwardintoEuropeseemscertain；fortherearenoheathsinAmericaorAsia。
　　Buthownorth—eastward？
　　Think。Standwithyourfacetothesouthandthink。Ifathingcomesfromthesouth—west——fromthere，itmustgotothenorth—
　　east—towardsthere。Mustitnot？
　　Ohyes，Isee。
　　Nowthen——Thefartheryougosouth—west，towardsSpain，themorekindsofheaththereare，andthehandsomer；asiftheiroriginalhome，fromwhichtheystarted，wassomewheredownthere。
　　Moresorts！Whatsorts？
　　Howmanysortsofheathhaveweathome？
　　Three，ofcourse：ling，andpurpleheath，andbottleheath。
　　AndtherearenomoreinallEngland，orWales，orScotland，except——Now，listen。IntheveryfarthestendofCornwalltherearetwomoresorts，theCornishheathandtheOrange—bell；andtheysay（thoughIneversawit）thattheOrange—bellgrowsnearBournemouth。
　　Well。Thatissouthandwesttoo。
　　Soitis：butthatmakesfiveheaths。NowinthesouthandwestofIrelandallthesefiveheathsgrow，andtwomore：thegreatIrishheath，withpurplebells，andtheMediterraneanheath，whichflowersinspring。
　　Oh，Iknowthem。TheygrowintheRhododendronbedsathome。
　　Ofcourse。Nowagain。IfyouwentdowntoSpain，youwouldfindallthosesevenheaths，andothersortswiththem，andthosewhicharerareinEnglandandIrelandarecommonthere。AboutBiarritz，ontheSpanishfrontier，allthemoorsarecoveredwithCornishheath，andthebogswithOrange—bell，andlovelytheyaretosee；
　　andgrowingamongthemisatallheathsixfeethigh，whichtheycalltherebruyere，orBroomheath，becausetheymakebroomsofit：
　　andoutofitsrootsthe"briar—root"pipesaremade。Thereareotherheathsaboutthatcountry，too，whosenamesIdonotknow；
　　sothatwhenyouarethere，youfancyyourselfintheveryhomeoftheheaths：butyouarenot。TheymusthavecomefromsomelandnearwheretheAzoresarenow；orhowcouldheathshavegotpastAfrica，andthetropics，totheCapeofGoodHope？
　　Itseemsverywonderful，tobeabletofindoutthattherewasagreatlandonceintheoceanallbyafewlittleheaths。
　　Notbythemonly，child。Therearemanyotherplants，andanimalstoo，whichmakeonethinkthatsoitmusthavebeen。AndnowI
　　willtellyousomethingstrangerstill。Theremayhavebeenatime——somepeoplesaythattheremust——whenAfricaandSouthAmericawerejoinedbyland。
　　AfricaandSouthAmerica！Wasthatbeforetheheathscamehere，orafter？
　　Icannottell：butIthink，probablyafter。Butthisiscertain，thattheremusthavebeenatimewhenfigs，andbamboos，andpalms，andsarsaparillas，andmanyothersortsofplantscouldgetfromAfricatoAmerica，ortheotherway，andindeedalmostroundtheworld。AboutthesouthofFranceandItalyyouwillseeonebeautifulsarsaparilla，withhookedprickles，zigzaggingandtwiningaboutoverrocksandruins，trunksandstems：andwhenyoudo，ifyouhaveunderstanding，itwillseemasstrangetoyouasitdidtometorememberthatthehomeofthesarsaparillasisnotinEurope，butintheforestsofBrazil，andtheRiverPlate。
　　Oh，Ihaveheardabouttheirgrowingthere，andstainingtheriversbrown，andmakingthemgoodmedicinetodrink：butIneverthoughttherewereanyinEurope。
　　Thereareonlyoneortwo，andhowtheygotthereisamarvelindeed。Butnow——IftherewasnotdrylandbetweenAfricaandSouthAmerica，howdidthecatsgetintoAmerica？Fortheycannotswim。
　　Cats？Peoplemighthavebroughtthemover。
　　JaguarsandPumas，whichyoureadofinCaptainMayneReid’sbooks，arecats，andsoaretheOcelotsortigercats。
　　Oh，IsawthemattheZoologicalGardens。
　　Butnoonewouldbringthemover，Ishouldthink，excepttoputthemintheZoo。
　　Notunlesstheywereveryfoolish。
　　AndmuchstrongerandclevererthanthesavagesofSouthAmerica。
　　No，thosejaguarsandpumushavebeeninAmericaforages：andtherearethosewhowilltellyou——andIthinktheyhavesomereasonontheirside——thatthejaguar，withhisroundpatchesofspots，wasonceverymuchthesameastheAfricanandIndianleopard，whocanclimbtreeswell。SowhenhegotintothetropicforestsofAmerica，hetooktothetrees，andlivedamongthebranches，feedingonslothsandmonkeys，andnevercomingtothegroundforweeks，tillhegrewfatterandstrongerandfarmoreterriblethanhisforefathers。Andtheywilltellyou，too，thatthepumawas，perhaps——Ionlysayperhaps——somethinglikethelion，who（youknow）hasnospots。Butwhenhegotintotheforests，hefoundverylittlefoodunderthetrees，onlyaveryfewdeer；andsohewasstarved，anddwindleddowntothepoorlittlesheep—stealingrogueheisnow，ofwhomnobodyisafraid。
　　Oh，yes！IremembernowA。saidheandhismenkilledsixinoneday。Butdoyouthinkitisalltrueaboutthepumasandjaguars？
　　Mychild，Idon’tsaythatitistrue：butonlythatitislikelytobetrue。Insciencewemustbecautiousandmodest，andreadytoalterourmindswheneverwelearnfreshfacts；onlykeepingsureofonething，thatthetruth，whenwefinditout，willbefarmorewonderfulthananynotionsofours。See！Aswehavebeentalkingwehavegotnearlyhome：andluncheonmustbeready。
　　***
　　Whyareyouopeningyoureyesatmelikethedogwhenhewantstogooutwalking？
　　BecauseIwanttogoout。ButIdon’twanttogooutwalking。I
　　wanttogointheyacht。
　　Intheyacht？Itdoesnotbelongtome。
　　Oh，thatisonlyfun。Iknoweverybodyisgoingoutinittoseesuchabeautifulislandfullofferns，andhaveapicnicontherocks；andIknowyouaregoing。
　　ThenyouknowmorethanIdomyself。
　　ButIheardthemsayyouweregoing。
　　ThentheyknowmorethanIdomyself。
　　Butwouldyounotliketogo？
　　Imightliketogoverymuchindeed；butasIhavebeenknockedaboutatseaagooddeal，andperhapsmorethanIintendtobeagain，itisnonoveltytome，andtheremightbeotherthingswhichIlikedstillbetter：forinstance，spendingtheafternoonwithyou。
　　ThenamInottogo？
　　Ithinknot。Don’tpullsuchalongface：butbeaman，andmakeupyourmindtoit，asthegeesedotogoingbarefoot。
　　ButwhymayInotgo？
　　BecauseIamnotMadamHow，butyourDaddy。
　　Whatcanthathavetodowithit？
　　IfyouaskedMadamHow，doyouknowwhatshewouldanswerinamoment，ascivillyandkindlyascouldbe？Shewouldsay——Ohyes，gobyallmeans，andpleaseyourself，myprettylittleman。MyworldistheParadisewhichtheIrishmantalkedof，inwhich"amanmightdowhatwasrightinthesightofhisowneyes，andwhatwaswrongtoo，ashelikedit。"
　　ThenMadamHowwouldletmegointheyacht？
　　Ofcourseshewould，orjumpoverboardwhenyouwereinit；orputyourfingerinthefire，andyourheadafterwards；oreatIrishspurge，anddielikethesalmon；oranythingelseyouliked。
　　NobodyissoindulgentasMadamHow：andshewouldbethedearestoldladyintheworld，butforoneuglytrickthatshehas。Shenevertellsanyonewhatiscoming，butleavesthemtofinditoutforthemselves。Sheletsthemputtheirfingersinthefire，andnevertellsthemthattheywillgetburnt。
　　Butthatisverycruelandtreacherousofher。
　　Myboy，ourbusinessisnottocallhardnames，buttotakethingsaswefindthem，astheHighlandmansaidwhenheatethebraxymutton。NowshallI，becauseIamyourDaddy，tellyouwhatMadamHowwouldnothavetoldyou？Whenyougetonboardtheyacht，youwillthinkitallverypleasantforanhour，aslongasyouareinthebay。Butpresentlyyouwillgetalittlebored，andrunaboutthedeck，anddisturbpeople，andwanttosithere，there，andeverywhere，whichIshouldnotlike。Andwhenyougetbeyondthatheadland，youwillfindthegreatrollerscominginfromtheAtlantic，andthecuttertossingandheavingasyouneverfeltbefore，underaburningsun。Andthenmymerrylittleyounggentlemanwillbegintofeelalittlesick；andthenverysick，andmoremiserablethanheeverfeltinhislife；andwishathousandtimesoverthathewassafeathome，evendoingsumsinlongdivision；andhewillgiveagreatdealoftroubletovariouskindladies——whichnoonehasarighttodo，ifhecanhelpit。
　　OfcourseIdonotwishtobesick：onlyitlookssuchbeautifulweather。
　　Andsoitis：butdon’tfancythatlastnight’srainandwindcanhavepassedwithoutsendinginsuchaswellaswillfrightenyou，whenyouseethecutterclimbinguponesideofawave，andrunningdowntheother；MadamHowtellsmethat，thoughshewillnottellyouyet。