DEDICATION
　　ToMademoiselleAnnaHanska：
　　DearChild，——You，thejoyofthehousehold，you，whosepinkorwhitepelerinefluttersinsummeramongthegrovesofWierzschovnialikeawill—o’—the—wisp，followedbythetendereyesofyourfatherandyourmother，——howcanIdedicateto/you/astoryfullofmelancholy？Andyet，oughtnotsorrowstobespokenoftoayounggirlidolizedasyouare，sincethedaymaycomewhenyoursweethandswillbecalledtoministertothem？Itissodifficult，Anna，tofindinthehistoryofourmannersandmoralsasubjectthatisworthyofyoureyes，thatnochoicehasbeenleftme;butperhapsyouwillbemadetofeelhowfortunateyourfateiswhenyoureadthestorysenttoyoubyYouroldfriend，DeBalzac。
　　PIERRETTE
　　I
　　THELORRAINS
　　AtthedawnofanOctoberdayin1827ayoungfellowaboutsixteenyearsofage，whoseclothingproclaimedwhatmodernphraseologysoinsolentlycallsaproletary，wasstandinginasmallsquareofLowerProvins。Atthatearlyhourhecouldexaminewithoutbeingobservedthevarioushousessurroundingtheopenspace，whichwasoblonginform。Themillsalongtheriverwerealreadyworking;thewhirroftheirwheels，repeatedbytheechoesoftheUpperTowninthekeenairandsparklingclearnessoftheearlymorning，onlyintensifiedthegeneralsilencesothatthewheelsofadiligencecouldbeheardaleagueawayalongthehighroad。Thetwolongestsidesofthesquare，separatedbyanavenueoflindens，werebuiltinthesimplestylewhichexpressessowellthepeacefulandmatter—of—factlifeofthebourgeoisie。Nosignsofcommerceweretobeseen;ontheotherhand，theluxuriousporte—cocheresoftherichwerefew，andthosefewturnedseldomontheirhinges，exceptingthatofMonsieurMartener，aphysician，whoseprofessionobligedhimtokeepacabriolet，andtouseit。Afewofthehouse—frontswerecoveredbygrapevines，othersbyrosesclimbingtothesecond—storywindows，throughwhichtheywaftedthefragranceoftheirscatteredbunches。OneendofthesquareentersthemainstreetoftheLowerTown，thegardensofwhichreachtothebankofoneofthetworiverswhichwaterthevalleyofProvins。Theotherendofthesquareentersastreetwhichrunsparalleltothemainstreet。
　　Atthelatter，whichwasalsothequietestendofthesquare，theyoungworkmanrecognizedthehouseofwhichhewasinsearch，whichshowedafrontofwhitestonegroovedinlinestorepresentcourses，windowswithclosedgrayblinds，andslenderironbalconiesdecoratedwithrosettespaintedyellow。Abovethegroundfloorandthefirstfloorwerethreedormerwindowsprojectingfromaslateroof;onthepeakofthecentralonewasanewweather—vane。Thismoderninnovationrepresentedahunterintheattitudeofshootingahare。Thefrontdoorwasreachedbythreestonesteps。Ononesideofthisdooraleadenpipedischargedthesink—waterintoasmallstreet—gutter，showingthewhereaboutsofthekitchen。Ontheothersideweretwowindows，carefullyclosedbygrayshuttersinwhichwereheart—shapedopeningscuttoadmitthelight;thesewindowsseemedtobethoseofthedining—room。Intheelevationgainedbythethreestepswerevent—
　　holestothecellar，closedbypaintedironshuttersfantasticallycutinopen—work。Everythingwasnew。Inthisrepairedandrestoredhouse，thefresh—coloredlookofwhichcontrastedwiththetime—wornexteriorsofalltheotherhouses，anobserverwouldinstantlyperceivethepaltrytasteandperfectself—satisfactionoftheretiredpettyshopkeeper。
　　Theyoungmanlookedatthesedetailswithanexpressionofpleasurethatseemedtohavesomethingrathersadinit;hiseyesrovedfromthekitchentotheroof，withamotionthatshowedadeliberatepurpose。Therosyglowoftherisingsunfellonacalicocurtainatoneofthegarretwindows，theothersbeingwithoutthatluxury。Ashecaughtsightofittheyoungfellow’sfacebrightenedgaily。Hesteppedbackalittleway，leanedagainstalinden，andsang，inthedrawlingtonepeculiartothewestofFrance，thefollowingBretonditty，publishedbyBruguiere，acomposertowhomweareindebtedformanycharmingmelodies。InBrittany，theyoungvillagerssingthissongtoallnewly—marriedcouplesontheirwedding—day：——
　　"We’vecometowishyouhappinessinmarriage，Tom’sieuryourhusbandAswellastoyou：
　　"Youhavejustbeenbound，madam’lamariee，WithbondsofgoldThatonlydeathunbinds：
　　"Youwillgonomoretoballsorgayassemblies;
　　YoumuststayathomeWhileweshallgo。
　　"HaveyouthoughtwellhowyouarepledgedtobeTruetoyourspouse，Andlovehimlikeyourself？
　　"Receivetheseflowersourhandsdonowpresentyou;
　　Alas！yourfleetinghonorsWillfadeasthey。"
　　Thisnativeair（assweetasthatadaptedbyChateaubriandto/Masoeur，tesouvient—ilencore/），sunginthislittletownoftheBriedistrict，musthavebeentotheearsofaBretonmaidenthetouchstoneofimperiousmemories，sofaithfullydoesitpicturethemannersandcustoms，thesurroundingsandtheheartinessofhernobleoldland，whereasortofmelancholyreigns，hardlytobedefined;caused，perhaps，bytheaspectoflifeinBrittany，whichisdeeplytouching。
　　Thispowerofawakeningaworldofgraveandsweetandtendermemoriesbyafamiliarandsometimeslivelyditty，istheprivilegeofthosepopularsongswhicharethesuperstitionsofmusic，——ifwemayusetheword"superstition"assignifyingallthatremainsaftertheruinofapeople，allthatsurvivestheirrevolutions。
　　Ashefinishedthefirstcouple，thesinger，whonevertookhiseyesfromtheatticcurtain，sawnosignsoflife。Whilehesangthesecond，thecurtainstirred。Whenthewords"Receivetheseflowers"
　　weresung，ayouthfulfaceappeared;awhitehandcautiouslyopenedthecasement，andagirlmadeasignwithherheadtothesingerasheendedwiththemelancholythoughtofthesimpleverses，——"Alas！yourfleetinghonorswillfadeasthey。"
　　Tohertheyoungworkmansuddenlyshowed，drawingitfromwithinhisjacket，ayellowflower，verycommoninBrittany，andsometimestobefoundinLaBrie（where，however，itisrare），——thefurze，orbroom。
　　"Isitreallyyou，Brigaut？"saidthegirl，inalowvoice。
　　"Yes，Pierrette，yes。IaminParis。Ihavestartedtomakemyway;
　　butI’mreadytosettlehere，nearyou。"
　　Justthenthefasteningofawindowcreakedinaroomonthefirstfloor，directlybelowPierrette’sattic。Thegirlshowedtheutmostterror，andsaidtoBrigaut，quickly：——
　　"Runaway！"
　　Theladjumpedlikeafrightenedfrogtoabendinthestreetcausedbytheprojectionofamilljustwherethesquareopensintothemainthoroughfare;butinspiteofhisagilityhishob—nailedshoesechoedonthestoneswithasoundeasilydistinguishedfromthemusicofthemill，andnodoubtheardbythepersonwhoopenedthewindow。
　　Thatpersonwasawoman。Nomanwouldhavetornhimselffromthecomfortofamorningnaptolistentoaminstrelinajacket;nonebutamaidawakestosongsoflove。Notonlywasthiswomanamaid，butshewasanoldmaid。Whenshehadopenedherblindswiththefurtivemotionofthebat，shelookedinalldirections，butsawnothing，andonlyheard，faintly，theflyingfootfallsofthelad。Cantherebeanythingmoredreadfulthanthematutinalapparitionofanuglyoldmaidatherwindow？Ofallthegrotesquesightswhichamusetheeyesoftravellersincountrytowns，thatisthemostunpleasant。Itistoorepulsivetolaughat。Thisparticularoldmaid，whoseearwassokeen，wasdenudedofalltheadventitiousaids，ofwhateverkind，whichsheemployedasembellishments;herfalsefrontandhercollarettewerelacking;sheworethathorriblelittlebagofblacksilkonwhicholdwomeninsistoncoveringtheirskulls，anditwasnowrevealedbeneaththenight—capwhichhadbeenpushedasideinsleep。Thisrumpledconditiongaveamenacingexpressiontothehead，suchaspaintersbestowonwitches。Thetemples，ears，andnapeoftheneck，weredisclosedinalltheirwitheredhorror，——thewrinklesbeingmarkedinscarletlinesthatcontrastedwiththewould—bewhiteofthebed—gownwhichwastiedroundherneckbyanarrowtape。Thegapingofthisgarmentrevealedabreasttobelikenedonlytothatofanoldpeasantwomanwhocaresnothingaboutherpersonalugliness。Thefleshlessarmwaslikeastickonwhichabitofstuffwashung。Seenatherwindow，thisspinsterseemedtallfromthelengthandangularityofherface，whichrecalledtheexaggeratedproportionsofcertainSwissheads。Thecharacteroftheircountenance——thefeaturesbeingmarkedbyatotalwantofharmony——wasthatofhardnessinthelines，sharpnessinthetones;whileanunfeelingspirit，pervadingall，wouldhavefilledaphysiognomistwithdisgust。Thesecharacteristics，fullyvisibleatthismoment，wereusuallymodifiedinpublicbyasortofcommercialsmile，——abourgeoissmirkwhichmimickedgood—humor;sothatpersonsmeetingwiththisoldmaidmightverywelltakeherforakindlywoman。Sheownedthehouseonshareswithherbrother。Thebrother，by—the—bye，wassleepingsotranquillyinhisownchamberthattheorchestraoftheOpera—housecouldnothaveawakenedhim，wonderfulasitsdiapasonissaidtobe。
　　Theoldmaidstretchedherneckoutofthewindow，twistedit，andraisedhercold，pale—bluelittleeyes，withtheirshortlashessetinlidsthatwerealwaysratherswollen，totheatticwindow，endeavoringtoseePierrette。Perceivingtheuselessnessofthatattempt，sheretreatedintoherroomwithamovementlikethatofatortoisewhichdrawsinitsheadafterprotrudingitfromitscarapace。Theblindswerethenclosed，andthesilenceofthestreetwasunbrokenexceptbypeasantscominginfromthecountry，orveryearlypersonsmovingabout。
　　Whenthereisanoldmaidinahouse，watch—dogsareunnecessary;nottheslightesteventcanoccurthatshedoesnotseeandcommentuponandpursuetoitsutmostconsequences。Theforegoingtriflingcircumstancewasthereforedestinedtogiverisetogravesuppositions，andtoopenthewayforoneofthoseobscuredramaswhichtakeplaceinfamilies，andarenonethelessterriblebecausetheyaresecret，——if，indeed，wemayapplytheword"drama"tosuchdomesticoccurrences。
　　Pierrettedidnotgobacktobed。Toher，Brigaut’sarrivalwasanimmenseevent。Duringthenight——thatEdenofthewretched——sheescapedthevexationsandfault—findingssheboreduringtheday。Liketheheroofaballad，GermanorRussian，Iforgetwhich，hersleepseemedtoherthehappylife;herwakinghoursabaddream。Shehadjusthadheronlypleasurablewakinginthreeyears。Thememoriesofherchildhoodhadsungtheirmelodiousdittiesinhersoul。Thefirstcoupletwasheardinadream;thesecondmadeherspringoutofbed;
　　atthethird，shedoubtedherears，——thesorrowfularealldisciplesofSaintThomas;butwhenthefourthwassung，standinginhernight—
　　gownwithbarefeetbythewindow，sherecognizedBrigaut，thecompanionofherchildhood。Ah，yes！itwastrulythewell—knownsquarejacketwiththebobtails，thepocketsofwhichstuckoutatthehips，——thejacketofblueclothwhichisclassicinBrittany;there，too，werethewaistcoatofprintedcotton，thelinenshirtfastenedbyagoldheart，thelargerollingcollar，theearrings，thestoutshoes，thetrousersofblue—graydrillingunevenlycoloredbythevariouslengthsofthewarp，——inshort，allthosehumble，strong，anddurablethingswhichmaketheappareloftheBretonpeasantry。Thebigbuttonsofwhitehornwhichfastenedthejacketmadethegirl’sheartbeat。
　　Whenshesawthebunchofbroomhereyesfilledwithtears;thenadreadfulfeardrovebackintoherheartthehappymemoriesthatwerebuddingthere。Shethoughthercousinsleepingintheroombeneathhermighthaveheardthenoiseshemadeinjumpingoutofbedandrunningtothewindow。Thefearwasjust;theoldmaidwascoming，andshemadeBrigauttheterrifiedsignwhichtheladobeyedwithouttheleastunderstandingit。Suchinstinctivesubmissiontoagirl’sbiddingshowsoneofthoseinnocentandabsoluteaffectionswhichappearfromcenturytocenturyonthisearth，wheretheyblossom，likethealoesofIsolaBella，twiceorthriceinahundredyears。Whoeverhadseentheladasheranawaywouldhavelovedtheingenuouschivalryofhismostingenuousfeeling。
　　JacquesBrigautwasworthyofPierretteLorrain，whowasjustfifteen。
　　Twochildren！Pierrettecouldnotkeepfromcryingasshewatchedhisflightintheterrorhergesturehadconveyedtohim。Thenshesatdowninashabbyarmchairplacedbeforealittletableabovewhichhungamirror。Sherestedherelbowsonthetable，putherheadinherhands，andsatthinkingforanhour，callingtomemorytheMarais，thevillageofPen—Hoel，theperilousvoyagesonapondinaboatuntiedforherfromanoldwillowbylittleJacques;thentheoldfacesofhergrandfatherandgrandmother，thesufferingsofhermother，andthehandsomefaceofMajorBrigaut，——inshort，thewholeofhercarelesschildhood。Itwasalladream，aluminousjoyonthegloomybackgroundofthepresent。
　　Herbeautifulchestnuthairescapedindisorderfromhercap，rumpledinsleep，——acambriccapwithruffles，whichshehadmadeherself。Oneachsideofherforeheadwerelittleringletsescapingfromgraycurl—papers。Fromthebackofherheadhungaheavybraidofhairthatwashalfunplaited。Theexcessivewhitenessofherfacebetrayedthatterriblemaladyofgirlhoodwhichgoesbythenameofchlorosis，deprivesthebodyofitsnaturalcolors，destroystheappetite，andshowsadisorderedstateoftheorganism。Thewaxytoneswereinallthevisiblepartsofherflesh。Theneckandshouldersexplainedbytheirblanchedpalenessthewastedarms，flungforwardandcrosseduponthetable。Herfeetseemedenervated，shrunkenfromillness。Hernight—gowncameonlytoherkneesandshowedtheflaccidmuscles，theblueveins，theimpoverishedfleshofthelegs。Thecold，towhichshepaidnoheed，turnedherlipsviolet，andasadsmile，drawingupthecornersofasensitivemouth，showedteeththatwerewhiteasivoryandquitesmall，——pretty，transparentteeth，inkeepingwiththedelicateears，therathersharpbutdaintynose，andthegeneraloutlineofherface，which，inspiteofitsroundness，waslovely。Alltheanimationofthischarmingfacewasintheeyes，theirisofwhich，brownlikeSpanishtobaccoandfleckedwithblack，shonewithgoldenreflectionsroundpupilsthatwerebrilliantandintense。
　　Pierrettewasmadetobegay，butshewassad。Herlostgaietywasstilltobeseeninthevivaciousformsoftheeye，intheingenuousgraceofherbrow，inthesmoothcurveofherchin。Thelongeyelasheslayuponthecheek—bones，madeprominentbysuffering。Thepalenessofherface，whichwasunnaturallywhite，madethelinesandallthedetailsinfinitelypure。Theearalonewasalittlemasterpieceofmodelling，——inmarble，youmightsay。Pierrettesufferedinmanyways。
　　Perhapsyouwouldliketoknowherhistory，andthisisit。
　　Pierrette’smotherwasaDemoiselleAuffrayofProvins，half—sisterbythefather’ssideofMadameRogron，motherofthepresentownersofthehouse。
　　MonsieurAuffray，herhusband，hadmarriedattheageofeighteen;hissecondmarriagetookplacewhenhewasnearlysixty—nine。Bythefirst，hehadanonlydaughter，veryplain，whowasmarriedatsixteentoaninnkeeperofProvinsnamedRogron。
　　ByhissecondmarriagetheworthyAuffrayhadanotherdaughter;butthisonewascharming。Therewas，ofcourse，anenormousdifferenceintheagesofthesedaughters;theonebythefirstmarriagewasfiftyyearsoldwhenthesecondchildwasborn。Bythistimetheeldest，MadameRogron，hadtwogrown—upchildren。
　　Theyoungestdaughteroftheoldmanwasmarriedateighteentoamanofherchoice，aBretonofficernamedLorrain，captainintheImperialGuard。Loveoftenmakesamanambitious。Thecaptain，anxioustorisetoacolonelcy，exchangedintoalineregiment。Whilehe，thenamajor，andhiswifeenjoyedthemselvesinParisontheallowancemadetothembyMonsieurandMadameAuffray，orscouredGermanyatthebeckandcalloftheEmperor’sbattlesandtruces，oldAuffrayhimself（formerlyagrocer）died，attheageofeighty—eight，withouthavingfoundtimetomakeawill。Hispropertywasadministeredbyhisdaughter，MadameRogron，andherhusbandsocompletelyintheirownintereststhatnothingremainedfortheoldman’swidowbeyondthehouseshelivedinonthelittlesquare，andafewacresofland。Thiswidow，themotherofMadameLorrain，wasonlythirty—eightatthetimeofherhusband’sdeath。Likemanywidows，shecametotheunwisedecisionofremarrying。Shesoldthehouseandlandtoherstep—
　　daughter，MadameRogron，andmarriedayoungphysiciannamedNeraud，whowastedherwholefortune。Shediedofgriefandmiserytwoyearslater。
　　Thustheshareofherfather’spropertywhichoughttohavecometoMadameLorraindisappearedalmostentirely，beingreducedtothesmallsumofeightthousandfrancs。MajorLorrainwaskilledatthebattleofMontereau，leavinghiswife，thentwenty—oneyearsofage，withalittledaughteroffourteenmonths，andnoothermeansthanthepensiontowhichshewasentitledandaneventualinheritancefromherlatehusband’sparents，MonsieurandMadameLorrain，retailshopkeepersatPen—Hoel，avillageintheVendee，situatedinthatpartofitwhichiscalledtheMarais。TheseLorrains，grandfatherandgrandmotherofPierretteLorrain，soldwoodforbuildingpurposes，slates，tiles，pantiles，pipes，etc。Theirbusiness，eitherfromtheirownincapacityorthroughill—luck，didbadly，andgavethemscarcelyenoughtoliveon。Thefailureofthewell—knownfirmofCollinetatNantes，causedbytheeventsof1814whichledtoasuddenfallincolonialproducts，deprivedthemoftwenty—fourthousandfrancswhichtheyhadjustdepositedwiththathouse。
　　Thearrivaloftheirdaughter—in—lawwasthereforewelcometothem。
　　HerpensionofeighthundredfrancswasahandsomeincomeatPen—Hoel。
　　Theeightthousandfrancswhichthewidow’shalf—brotherandsisterRogronsenttoherfromherfather’sestate（afteramultitudeoflegalformalities）wereplacedbyherintheLorrains’business，theygivingheramortgageonalittlehousewhichtheyownedatNantes，letforthreehundredfrancs，andbarelyworthtenthousand。
　　MadameLorraintheyounger，Pierrette’smother，diedin1819。ThechildofoldAuffrayandhisyoungwifewassmall，delicate，andweakly;thedampclimateoftheMaraisdidnotagreewithher。Butherhusband’sfamilypersuadedher，inordertokeepherwiththem，thatinnootherquarteroftheworldcouldshefindamorehealthyregion。
　　Shewassopettedandtenderlycaredforthatherdeath，whenitcame，broughtnothingbuthonortotheoldLorrains。
　　SomepersonsdeclaredthatBrigaut，anoldVendeen，oneofthosemenofironwhoservedunderCharette，underMercier，undertheMarquisdeMontauran，andtheBaronduGuenic，inthewarsagainsttheRepublic，countedforagooddealinthewillingnessoftheyoungerMadameLorraintoremainintheMarais。Ifitwereso，hissoulmusthavebeenatrulylovinganddevotedone。AllPen—Hoelsawhim——hewascalledrespectfullyMajorBrigaut，thegradehehadheldintheCatholicarmy——spendinghisdaysandhiseveningsintheLorrains’
　　parlor，besidethewindowoftheimperialmajor。Towardthelast，thecurateofPen—HoelmadecertainrepresentationstooldMadameLorrain，begginghertopersuadeherdaughter—in—lawtomarryBrigaut，andpromisingtohavethemajorappointedjusticeofpeaceforthecantonofPen—Hoel，throughtheinfluenceoftheVicomtedeKergarouet。Thedeathofthepooryoungwomanputanendtothematter。
　　Pierrettewasleftinchargeofhergrandparentswhoowedherfourhundredfrancsayear，interestonthelittlepropertyplacedintheirhands。Thissmallsumwasnowappliedtohermaintenance。Theoldpeople，whoweregrowinglessandlessfitforbusiness，soonfoundthemselvesconfrontedbyanactiveandcapablecompetitor，againstwhomtheysaidhardthings，allthewhiledoingnothingtodefeathim。
　　MajorBrigaut，theirfriendandadviser，diedsixmonthsafterhisfriend，theyoungerMadameLorrain，——perhapsofgrief，perhapsofhiswounds，ofwhichhehadreceivedtwenty—seven。
　　Likeasoundmerchant，thecompetitorsetaboutruininghisadversariesinordertogetridofallrivalry。Withhisconnivance，theLorrainsborrowedmoneyonnotes，whichtheywereunabletomeet，andwhichdrovethemintheirolddaysintobankruptcy。Pierrette’sclaimuponthehouseinNanteswassupersededbythelegalrightsofhergrandmother，whoenforcedthemtosecurethedailybreadofherpoorhusband。Thehousewassoldforninethousandfivehundredfrancs，ofwhichonethousandfivehundredwentforcosts。TheremainingeightthousandcametoMadameLorain，wholivedupontheincomeoftheminasortofalmshouseatNantes，likethatofSainte—
　　PerineinParis，calledSaint—Jacques，wherethetwooldpeoplehadbedandboardforahumblepayment。
　　AsitwasimpossibletokeepPierrette，theirruinedlittlegranddaughter，withthem，theoldLorrainsbethoughtthemselvesofheruncleandauntRogron，inProvins，towhomtheywrote。TheseRogronsweredead。Thelettermight，therefore，haveeasilybeenlost;butifanythingherebelowcantaketheplaceofProvidence，itisthepost。
　　Postalspirit，incomparablyabovepublicspirit，exceedsinbrilliancyofresourceandinventiontheablestromance—writers。Whenthepostgetsholdofaletter，worth，toit，fromthreetotensous，anddoesnotimmediatelyknowwheretofindthepersontowhomthatletterisaddressed，itdisplaysafinancialanxietyonlytobemetwithinverypertinaciouscreditors。Thepostgoesandcomesandferretsthroughalltheeighty—sixdepartments。Difficultiesonlyarousethegeniusoftheclerks，whomayreallybecalledmen—of—letters，andwhosetabouttosearchforthatunknownhumanbeingwithasmuchardorasthemathematiciansoftheBureaugivetolongitudes。Theyliterallyransackthewholekingdom。Atthefirstrayofhopeallthepost—
　　officesinParisarealert。Sometimesthereceiverofamissingletterisamazedatthenetworkofscrawleddirectionswhichcoversbothbackandfrontofthemissive，——gloriousvouchersfortheadministrativepersistencywithwhichtheposthasbeenatwork。Ifamanundertookwhatthepostaccomplishes，hewouldlosetenthousandfrancsintravel，time，andmoney，torecovertensous。TheletteroftheoldLorrains，addressedtoMonsieurRogronofProvins（whohadthenbeendeadayear）wasconveyedbythepostinduetimetoMonsieurRogron，sonofthedeceased，amercerintherueSaint—DenisinParis。Andthisiswherethepostalspiritobtainsitsgreatesttriumph。Anheirisalwaysmoreorlessanxioustoknowifhehaspickedupeveryscrapofhisinheritance，ifhehasnotoverlookedacredit，oratrunkofoldclothes。TheTreasuryknowsthat。AletteraddressedtothelateRogronatProvinswascertaintopiquethecuriosityofRogron，Jr。，orMademoiselleRogron，theheirsinParis。OutofthathumaninteresttheTreasurywasabletoearnsixtycentimes。
　　TheseRogrons，towardwhomtheoldLorrains，thoughdreadingtopartwiththeirdearlittlegranddaughter，stretchedtheirsupplicatinghands，became，inthisway，andmostunexpectedly，themastersofPierrette’sdestiny。Itisthereforeindispensabletoexplainboththeirantecedentsandtheircharacter。
　　II
　　THEROGRONS
　　PereRogron，thatinnkeeperofProvinstowhomoldAuffrayhadmarriedhisdaughterbyhisfirstwife，wasanindividualwithaninflamedface，aveinynose，andcheeksonwhichBacchushaddrawnhisscarletandbulbousvine—marks。Thoughshort，fat，andpot—bellied，withstoutlegsandthickhands，hewasgiftedwiththeshrewdnessoftheSwissinnkeepers，whomheresembled。Certainlyhewasnothandsome，andhiswifelookedlikehim。Neverwasacouplebettermatched。Rogronlikedgoodlivingandtobewaiteduponbyprettygirls。Hebelongedtotheclassofegoistswhosebehaviorisbrutal;hegavewaytohisvicesanddidtheirwillopenlyinthefaceofIsrael。Grasping，selfish，withoutdecency，andalwaysgratifyinghisownfancies，hedevouredhisearningsuntilthedaywhenhisteethfailedhim。Selfishnessstayedbyhim。Inhisolddayshesoldhisinn，collected（aswehaveseen）allhecouldofhislatefather—in—law’sproperty，andwenttoliveinthelittlehouseinthesquareofProvins，boughtforatriflefromthewidowofoldAuffray，Pierrette’sgrandmother。
　　Rogronandhiswifehadabouttwothousandfrancsayearfromtwenty—
　　sevenlotsoflandintheneighborhoodofProvins，andfromthesaleoftheirinnfortwentythousand。OldAuffray’shouse，thoughoutofrepair，wasinhabitedjustasitwasbytheRogrons，——oldratslikewrackandruin。Rogronhimselftooktohorticultureandspenthissavingsinenlargingthegarden;hecarriedittotheriver’sedgebetweentwowallsandbuiltasortofstoneembankmentacrosstheend，whereaquaticnature，lefttoherself，displayedthecharmsofherflora。
　　IntheearlyyearsoftheirmarriagetheRogronshadasonandadaughter，bothhideous;forsuchhumanbeingsdegenerate。Putouttonurseatalowprice，theselucklesschildrencamehomeinduetime，aftertheworstofvillagetraining，——allowedtocryforhoursaftertheirwet—nurse，whoworkedinthefields，leavingthemshutuptoscreamforherinoneofthosedamp，dark，lowroomswhichserveashomesfortheFrenchpeasantry。Treatedthus，thefeaturesofthechildrencoarsened;theirvoicesgrewharsh;theymortifiedtheirmother’svanity，andthatmadeherstrivetocorrecttheirbadhabitsbyasternnesswhichtheseverityoftheirfatherconvertedthroughcomparisontokindness。Asageneralthing，theywerelefttorunlooseaboutthestablesandcourtyardsoftheinn，orthestreetsofthetown;sometimestheywerewhipped;sometimestheyweresent，togetridofthem，totheirgrandfatherAuffray，whodidnotlikethem。
　　TheinjusticetheRogronsdeclaredtheoldmandidtotheirchildren，justifiedthemtotheirownmindsintakingthegreaterpartof"theoldscoundrel’s"property。However，Rogrondidsendhissontoschool，anddidbuyhimaman，oneofhisowncartmen，tosavehimfromtheconscription。Assoonashisdaughter，Sylvie，wasthirteen，hesenthertoParis，tomakeherwayasapprenticeinashop。Twoyearslaterhedespatchedhisson，Jerome—Denis，tothesamecareer。Whenhisfriendsthecarriersandthosewhofrequentedtheinn，askedhimwhathemeanttodowithhischildren，PereRogronexplainedhissystemwithaconcisenesswhich，inviewofthatofmostfathers，hadthemeritoffrankness。
　　"WhentheyareoldenoughtounderstandmeIshallgive’emakickandsay：’Goandmakeyourownwayintheworld！’"hereplied，emptyinghisglassandwipinghislipswiththebackofhishand。Thenhewinkedathisquestionerwithaknowinglook。"Hey！hey！theyarenogreaterfoolsthanIwas，"headded。"Myfathergavemethreekicks;I
　　shallonlygivethemone;heputonelouisintomyhand;Ishallputtenintheirs，thereforethey’llbebetteroffthanIwas。That’sthewaytodo。AfterI’mgone，what’sleftwillbetheirs。Thenotariescanfindthemandgiveittothem。Whatnonsensetobotherone’sselfaboutchildren。Mineowemetheirlife。I’vefedthem，andIdon’taskanythingfromthem，——Icallthatquits，hey，neighbor？Ibeganasacartman，butthatdidn’tpreventmemarryingthedaughterofthatoldscoundrelAuffray。"
　　SylvieRogronwassent（withsixhundredfrancsforherboard）asapprenticetocertainshopkeepersoriginallyfromProvinsandnowsettledinParisintherueSaint—Denis。Twoyearslatershewas"atpar，"astheysay;sheearnedherownliving;atanyrateherparentspaidnothingforher。Thatiswhatiscalledbeing"atpar"intherueSaint—Denis。Sylviehadasalaryoffourhundredfrancs。Atnineteenyearsofageshewasindependent。Attwenty，shewastheseconddemoiselleintheMaisonJulliard，wholesalesilkdealersatthe"ChineseWorm"rueSaint—Denis。Thehistoryofthesisterwasthatofthebrother。YoungJerome—DenisRogronenteredtheestablishmentofoneofthelargestwholesalemercersinthesamestreet，theMaisonGuepin，atthe"ThreeDistaffs。"WhenSylvieRogron，agedtwenty—one，hadrisentobeforewomanatathousandfrancsayearJerome—Denis，withevenbetterluck，washead—clerkateighteen，withasalaryoftwelvehundredfrancs。
　　BrotherandsistermetonSundaysandfete—days，whichtheypassedineconomicalamusements;theydinedoutofParis，andwenttoSaint—
　　Cloud，Meudon，Belleville，orVincennes。Towardsthecloseoftheyear1815theyclubbedtheirsavings，amountingtoabouttwentythousandfrancs，earnedbythesweatoftheirbrows，andboughtofMadameGueneethepropertyandgood—willofhercelebratedshop，the"FamilySister，"oneofthelargestretailestablishmentsinthequarter。
　　Sylviekeptthebooksanddidthewriting。Jerome—Deniswasmasterandhead—clerkboth。In1821，afterfiveyears’experience，competitionbecamesofiercethatitwasallthebrotherandsistercoulddotocarryonthebusinessandmaintainitsreputation。
　　ThoughSylviewasatthistimescarcelyforty，hernaturalugliness，combinedwithhardworkandacertaincrabbedlook（causedasmuchbytheconformationofherfeaturesasbyhercares），madeherseemlikeawomanoffifty。Atthirty—eightJeromeRogronpresentedtotheeyesofhiscustomersthesilliestfacethateverlookedoveracounter。
　　Hisretreatingforehead，flattenedbyfatigue，wasmarkedbythreelongwrinkles。Hisgrizzledhair，cutclose，expressedinsomeindefinablewaythestupidityofacold—bloodedanimal。Theglanceofhisbluisheyeshadneitherflamenorthoughtinit。Hisround，flatfaceexcitednosympathy，norevenalaughonthelipsofthosewhomightbeexaminingthevarietiesoftheParisianspecies;onthecontrary，itsaddenedthem。Hewas，likehisfather，shortandfat，buthisfigurelackedthelatter’sbrutalobesity，andshowed，instead，analmostridiculousdebility。Hisfather’shighcolorwaschangedinhimtothelividflabbinesspeculiartopersonswholiveincloseback—shops，orinthoserailedcagescalledcounting—rooms，forevertyingupbundles，receivingandmakingchange，snarlingattheclerks，andrepeatingthesameoldspeechestocustomers。
　　Thesmallamountofbrainspossessedbythebrotherandsisterhadbeenwhollyabsorbedinmaintainingtheirbusiness，ingettingandkeepingmoney，andinlearningthespeciallawsandusagesoftheParisianmarket。Thread，needles，ribbons，pins，buttons，tailors’
　　furnishings，inshort，theenormousquantityofthingswhichgotomakeupamercer’sstock，hadtakenalltheircapacity。Outsideoftheirbusinesstheyknewabsolutelynothing;theywereevenignorantofParis。TothemthegreatcitywasmerelyaregionspreadingaroundtheRueSaint—Denis。Theirnarrownaturescouldseenofieldexcepttheshop。Theywerecleverenoughinnaggingtheirclerksandtheiryoungwomenandinprovingthemtoblame。Theirhappinesslayinseeingallhandsbusyatthecounters，exhibitingthemerchandise，andfoldingitupagain。Whentheyheardthesixoreightvoicesoftheyoungmenandwomengliblygabblingtheconsecratedphrasesbywhichclerksreplytotheremarksofcustomers，thedaywasfinetothem，theweatherbeautiful！Butonthereallyfinedays，whentheblueoftheheavensbrightenedallParis，andtheParisianswalkedabouttoenjoythemselvesandcaredforno"goods"butthosetheycarriedontheirback，thedaywasovercasttotheRogrons。"Badweatherforsales，"saidthatpairofimbeciles。
　　TheskillwithwhichRogroncouldtieupaparcelmadehimanobjectofadmirationtoallhisapprentices。Hecouldfoldandtieandseeallthathappenedinthestreetandinthefarthestrecessesoftheshopbythetimehehandedtheparceltohiscustomerwitha"Hereitis，madame;/nothingelse/to—day？"Butthepoorfoolwouldhavebeenruinedwithouthissister。Sylviehadcommon—senseandageniusfortrade。SheadvisedherbrotherintheirpurchasesandwouldpitilesslysendhimtoremotepartsofFrancetosaveatrifleofcost。Theshrewdnesswhichallwomenmoreorlesspossess，notbeingemployedintheserviceofherheart，haddriftedintothatofspeculation。A
　　businesstopayfor，——thatthoughtwasthemainspringwhichkeptthemachinegoingandgaveitaninfernalactivity。
　　Rogronwasreallyonlyhead—clerk;heunderstoodnothingofhisbusinessasawhole;self—interest，thatgreatmotorofthemind，hadfailedinhiscasetoinstructhim。Hewasoftenaghastwhenhissisterorderedsomearticletobesoldbelowcost，foreseeingtheendofitsfashion;laterheadmiredheridioticallyforhercleverness。
　　Hereasonedneitherillnorwell;hewassimplyincapableofreasoningatall;buthehadthesensetosubordinatehimselftohissister，andhedidsofromaconsiderationthatwasoutsideofthebusiness。"Sheismyelder，"hesaid。Perhapsanexistencelikehis，alwayssolitary，reducedtothesatisfactionofmereneeds，deprivedofmoneyandallpleasuresinyouth，mayexplaintophysiologistsandthinkerstheclownishexpressionoftheface，thefeeblenessofmind，thevacantsillinessoftheman。Hissisterhadsteadilypreventedhimfrommarrying，afraidperhapstoloseherpoweroverhim，andseeingonlyasourceofexpenseandinjuryinsomewomanwhowouldcertainlybeyoungerandundoubtedlylessuglythanherself。
　　Sillinesshastwowaysofcomportingitself;ittalks，orissilent。
　　Silentsillinesscanbeborne;butRogron’ssillinesswasloquacious。
　　Themanhadahabitofchatteringtohisclerks，explainingtheminutiaeofthebusiness，andornamentinghistalkwiththoseflatjokeswhichmaybecalledthe"chaff"ofshopkeeping。Rogron，listenedto，ofcourse，byhissubordinatesandperfectlysatisfiedwithhimself，hadcomeatlastintopossessionofaphraseologyofhisown。
　　Thischattererbelievedhimselfanorator。Thenecessityofexplainingtocustomerswhattheywant，ofguessingattheirdesires，andgivingthemdesiresforwhattheydonotwant，exercisesthetongueofallretailshopkeepers。Thepettydealeracquiresthefacultyofutteringwordsandsentencesinwhichthereisabsolutelynomeaning，butwhichhaveamarkedsuccess。Heexplainstohiscustomersmattersofmanufacturethattheyknownothingof;thatalonegiveshimapassingsuperiorityoverthem;buttakehimawayfromhisthousandandoneexplanationsabouthisthousandandonearticles，andheis，relativelytothought，likeafishoutofwaterinthesun。
　　RogronandSylvie，twomechanismsbaptizedbymistake，didnotpossess，latentoractive，thefeelingswhichgivelifetotheheart。
　　Theirnatureswereshrivelledandharsh，hardenedbytoil，byprivation，bytheremembranceoftheirsufferingsduringalongandcruelapprenticeshiptolife。Neitherofthemcomplainedoftheirtrials。Theywerenotsomuchimplacableasimpracticableintheirdealingswithothersinmisfortune。Tothem，virtue，honor，loyalty，allhumansentimentsconsistedsolelyinthepaymentoftheirbills。
　　Irritableandirritating，withoutfeelings，andsordidintheireconomy，thebrotherandsisterboreadreadfulreputationamongtheothermerchantsoftherueSaint—Denis。HaditnotbeenfortheirconnectionwithProvins，wheretheywentthreeorfourtimesayear，whentheycouldclosetheshopforadayortwo，theywouldhavehadnoclerksoryoungwomen。ButoldRogron，theirfather，sentthemalltheunfortunateyoungpeopleofhisneighborhood，whoseparentswishedtostarttheminbusinessinParis。Heobtainedtheseapprenticesbyboasting，outofvanity，ofhisson’ssuccess。Parents，attractedbytheprospectoftheirchildrenbeingwell—trainedandcloselywatched，andalso，bythehopeoftheirsucceeding，eventually，tothebusiness，sentwhicheverchildwasmostinthewayathometothecareofthebrotherandsister。Butnosoonerhadtheclerksortheyoungwomenfoundawayofescapefromthatdreadfulestablishmentthantheyfled，withrejoicingsthatincreasedthealreadybadnameoftheRogrons。Newvictimsweresuppliedyearlybytheindefatigableoldfather。
　　Fromthetimeshewasfifteen，SylvieRogron，trainedtothesimperingofasaleswoman，hadtwofaces，——theamiablefaceoftheseller，thenaturalfaceofasourspinster。Heracquiredcountenancewasamarvellousbitofmimicry。Shewasallsmiles。Hervoice，softandwheedling，gaveacommercialcharmtobusiness。Herrealfacewasthatwehavealreadyseenprojectingfromthehalf—openedblinds;themeresightofherwouldhaveputtoflightthemostresoluteCossackof1815，muchasthathordeweresaidtolikeallkindsofFrenchwomen。
　　WhentheletterfromtheLorrainsreachedthebrotherandsister，theywereinmourningfortheirfather，fromwhomtheyinheritedthehousewhichhadbeenasgoodasstolenfromPierrette’sgrandmother，alsocertainlandsboughtbytheirfather，andcertainmoneysacquiredbyusuriousloansandmortgagestothepeasantry，whosebitsofgroundtheolddrunkardexpectedtopossess。Theyearlytakingofstockwasjustover。Thepriceofthe"FamilySister"had，atlast，beenpaidinfull。TheRogronsownedaboutsixtythousandfrancs’worthofmerchandise，fortythousandinabankorintheircash—box，andthevalueoftheirbusiness。Sittingonabenchcoveredwithstriped—greenUtrechtvelvetplacedinasquarerecessjustbehindtheirprivatecounter（thecounteroftheirforewomanbeingsimilaranddirectlyopposite）thebrotherandsisterconsultedastowhattheyshoulddo。
　　Allretailshopkeepersaspiretobecomemembersofthebourgeoisie。Bysellingthegood—willoftheirbusiness，thepairwouldhaveoverahundredandfiftythousandfrancs，notcountingtheinheritancefromtheirfather。ByplacingtheirpresentavailablepropertyinthepublicFunds，theywouldeachobtainaboutfourthousandfrancsayear，andbytakingtheproceedsoftheirbusiness，whensold，theycouldrepairandimprovethehousetheyinheritedfromtheirfather，whichwouldthusbeagoodinvestment。TheycouldthengoandliveinahouseoftheirowninProvins。TheirforewomanwasthedaughterofarichfarmeratDonnemarie，burdenedwithninechildren，towhomhehadendeavoredtogiveagoodstartinlife，beingawarethatathisdeathhisproperty，dividedintonineparts，wouldbebutlittleforanyoneofthem。Infiveyears，however，themanhadlostsevenchildren，——afactwhichmadetheforewomansointerestingthatRogronhadtried，unsuccessfully，togethertomarryhim;butsheshowedanaversionforhermasterwhichbaffledhismanoeuvres。Besides，MademoiselleSylviewasnotinfavorofthematch;infact，shesteadilyopposedherbrother’smarriage，andsought，instead，tomaketheshrewdyoungwomantheirsuccessor。
　　Nopassingobservercanformtheleastideaofthecryptogramicexistenceofacertainclassofshopkeepers;helooksatthemandaskshimself，"Onwhat，andwhy，dotheylive？whencehavetheycome？wheredotheygo？"Heislostinsuchquestions，butfindsnoanswertothem。Todiscoverthefalseseedofpoesywhichliesinthoseheadsandfructifiesinthoselives，itisnecessarytodigintothem;andwhenwedothatwesooncometoathinsubsoilbeneaththesurface。
　　TheParisianshopkeepernurtureshissoulonsomehopeorother，moreorlessattainable，withoutwhichhewoulddoubtlessperish。Onedreamsofbuildingormanagingatheatre;anotherlongsforthehonorsofmayoralty;thisonedesiresacountry—house，tenmilesfromPariswithaso—called"park，"whichhewilladornwithstatuesoftintedplasterandfountainswhichsquirtmerethreadsofwater，butonwhichhewillspendamintofmoney;others，again，dreamofdistinctionandahighgradeintheNationalGuard。Provins，thatterrestrialparadise，filledthebrotherandsisterwiththefanaticallongingswhichallthelovelytownsofFranceinspireintheirinhabitants。LetussayittothegloryofLaChampagne，thisloveiswarranted。
　　Provins，oneofthemostcharmingtownsinallFrance，rivalsFrangistanandthevalleyofCashmere;notonlydoesitcontainthepoesyofSaadi，thePersianHomer，butitoffersmanypharmaceuticaltreasurestomedicalscience。ThecrusadesbroughtrosesfromJerichotothisenchantingvalley，wherebychancetheygainednewcharmswhilelosingnoneoftheircolors。TheProvinsrosesareknowntheworldover。ButProvinsisnotonlytheFrenchPersia，itisalsoBaden，Aix，Cheltenham，——forithasmedicinalsprings。ThiswasthespotwhichappearedfromtimetotimebeforetheeyesofthetwoshopkeepersinthemuddyregionsofSaint—Denis。
　　AftercrossingthegrayplainswhichliebetweenLaFerte—GaucherandProvins，adesertandyetproductive，adesertofwheat，youreachahill。Suddenlyyoubeholdatyourfeetatownwateredbytworivers;
　　atthefeetoftherockonwhichyoustandstretchesaverdantvalley，fullofenchantinglinesandfugitivehorizons。IfyoucomefromParisyouwillpassthroughthewholelengthofProvinsontheeverlastinghighroadofFrance，whichhereskirtsthehillsideandisencumberedwithbeggarsandblindmen，whowillfollowyouwiththeirpitifulvoiceswhileyoutrytoexaminetheunexpectedpicturesquenessoftheregion。IfyoucomefromTroyesyouwillapproachthetownonthevalleyside。Thechateau，theoldtown，anditsformerrampartsareterracedonthehillside，thenewtownisbelow。TheygobythenamesofUpperandLowerProvins。Theupperisanairytownwithsteepstreetscommandingfineviews，surroundedbysunkenroad—waysandravinesfilledwithchestnuttreeswhichgashthesidesofthehillwiththeirdeepgulleys。Theuppertownissilent，clean，solemn，surmountedbytheimposingruinsoftheoldchateau。Thelowerisatownofmills，wateredbytheVoulzieandtheDurtain，tworiversofBrie，narrow，sluggish，anddeep;atownofinns，shops，retiredmerchants;filledwithdiligences，travelling—carriages，andwaggons。
　　Thetwotowns，orratherthistownwithitshistoricalmemories，itsmelancholyruins，thegaietyofitsvalley，theromanticcharmofitsravinesfilledwithtangledshrubberyandwildflowers，itsriversbankedwithgardens，excitestheloveofallitschildren，whodoastheAuvergnats，theSavoyards，infact，allFrenchfolksdo，namely，leaveProvinstomaketheirfortunes，andalwaysreturn。"Dieinone’sform，"theproverbmadeforharesandfaithfulsouls，seemsalsothemottoofaProvinsnative。
　　ThusthetwoRogronsthoughtconstantlyoftheirdearProvins。WhileJeromesoldhisthreadhesawtheUppertown;ashepiledupthecardsonwhichwerebuttonshecontemplatedthevalley;whenherolledandunrolledhisribbonshefollowedtheshiningrivers。Lookingupathisshelveshesawtheravineswherehehadoftenescapedhisfather’sangerandgonea—nuttingorgatheringblackberries。ButthelittlesquareintheLowertownwasthechiefobjectofhisthoughts;heimaginedhowhecouldimprovehishouse：hedreamedofanewfront，newbedrooms，asalon，abilliard—room，adining—room，andthekitchengardenoutofwhichhewouldmakeanEnglishpleasure—ground，withlawns，grottos，fountains，andstatuary。Thebedroomsatpresentoccupiedbythebrotherandsister，onthesecondfloorofahousewiththreewindowsfrontandsixstoreyshighintherueSaint—Denis，werefurnishedwiththemerestnecessaries，yetnooneinParishadfinerfurniturethanthey——infancy。WhenJeromewalkedthestreetshestoppedshort，struckwithadmirationatthehandsomethingsintheupholsterers’windows，andatthedraperieshecovetedforhishouse。
　　Whenhecamehomehewouldsaytohissister："Ifoundinsuchashop，suchandsuchapieceoffurniturethatwilljustdoforthesalon。"
　　Thenextdayhewouldbuyanotherpiece，andanother，andsoon。Herejected，thefollowingmonth，thearticlesofthemonthsbefore。TheBudgetitself，couldnothavepaidforhisarchitecturalschemes。Hewantedeverythinghesaw，butabandonedeachthingforthelastthing。
　　Whenhesawthebalconiesofnewhouses，whenhestudiedexternalornamentation，hethoughtallsuchthings，mouldings，carvings，etc。，outofplaceinParis。"Ah！"hewouldsay，"thosefinethingswouldlookmuchbetteratProvins。"Whenhestoodonhisdoorstepleaningagainstthelintel，digestinghismorningmeal，withavacanteye，themercerwasgazingatthehouseofhisfancygildedbythesunofhisdream;hewalkedinhisgarden;heheardthejetfromhisfountainfallinginpearlydropsuponaslaboflimestone;heplayedonhisownbilliard—table;hegatheredhisownflowers。
　　Sylvie，ontheotherhand，wasthinkingsodeeply，peninhand，thatsheforgottoscoldtheclerks;shewasreceivingthebourgeoisieofProvins，shewaslookingatherselfinthemirrorsofhersalon，andadmiringthebeautiesofamarvellouscap。ThebrotherandsisterbegantothinktheatmosphereoftherueSaint—Denisunhealthy，andthesmellofthemudinthemarketsmadethemlongforthefragranceoftheProvinsroses。Theywerethevictimsofagenuinenostalgia，andalsoofamonomania，frustratedatpresentbythenecessityofsellingtheirtapesandbobbinsbeforetheycouldleaveParis。ThepromisedlandofthevalleyofProvinsattractedtheseHebrewsallthemorebecausetheyhadreallysuffered，andforalongtime，astheycrossedbreathlesslythesandywastesofamercer’sbusiness。
　　TheLorrains’letterreachedtheminthemidstofmeditationsinspiredbythisgloriousfuture。Theyknewscarcelyanythingabouttheircousin，PierretteLorrain。TheirfathergotpossessionoftheAuffraypropertyaftertheylefthome，andtheoldmansaidlittletoanyoneofhisbusinessaffairs。TheyhardlyrememberedtheirauntLorrain。IttookanhourofgenealogicaldiscussionbeforetheymadeherouttobetheyoungersisteroftheirownmotherbythesecondmarriageoftheirgrandfatherAuffray。ItimmediatelystruckthemthatthissecondmarriagehadbeenfatallyinjurioustotheirinterestsbydividingtheAuffraypropertybetweentwodaughters。Intimespasttheyhadheardtheirfather，whowasgiventosneering，complainofit。
　　ThebrotherandsisterconsideredtheapplicationoftheLorrainsfromthepointofviewofsuchreminiscences，whichwerenotatallfavorableforPierrette。Totakechargeofanorphan，agirl，acousin，whomightbecometheirlegalheirincaseneitherofthemmarried，——thiswasamatterthatneededdiscussion。Thequestionwasconsideredanddebatedunderallitsaspects。Inthefirstplace，theyhadneverseenPierrette。Then，whatatroubleitwouldbetohaveayounggirltolookafter。Wouldn’titcommitthemtosomeobligationstowardsher？Couldtheysendthegirlawayiftheydidnotlikeher？
　　Besides，wouldn’ttheyhavetomarryher？andifJeromefoundayoke—
　　mateamongtheheiressesofProvinstheyoughttokeepalltheirpropertyforhischildren。AyokemateforJerome，accordingtoSylvie，meantastupid，richanduglygirlwhowouldletherselfbegoverned。
　　TheydecidedtorefusetheLorrainrequest。Sylvieagreedtowritetheanswer。Businessbeingratherurgentjustthenshedelayedwriting，andtheforewomancomingforwardwithanofferforthestockandgood—
　　willofthe"FamilySister，"whichthebrotherandsisteraccepted，thematterwententirelyoutoftheoldmaid’smind。
　　SylvieRogronandherbrotherdepartedforProvinsfouryearsbeforethetimewhenthecomingofBrigautthrewsuchexcitementintoPierrette’slife。ButthedoingsofthepairaftertheirarrivalatProvinsareasnecessarytorelateastheirlifeinParis;forProvinswasdestinedtobenotlessfataltoPierrettethanthecommercialantecedentsofhercousins！
　　III
　　PATHOLOGYOFRETIREDMERCERS
　　WhenthepettyshopkeeperwhohascometoParisfromtheprovincesreturnstotheprovincesfromParishebringswithhimafewideas;
　　thenhelosestheminthehabitsandwaysofprovinciallifeintowhichheplunges，andhisreformingnotionsleavehim。Fromthistheredoresult，however，certaintrifling，slow，successivechangesbywhichParisscratchesthesurfaceoftheprovincialtowns。Thisprocessmarksthetransitionoftheex—shopkeeperintothesubstantialbourgeois，butitactslikeanillnessuponhim。Noretailshopkeepercanpasswithimpunityfromhisperpetualchatterintodeadsilence，fromhisParisianactivitytothestillnessofprovinciallife。Whentheseworthypersonshavelaidbypropertytheyspendaportionofitonsomedesireoverwhichtheyhavelongbroodedandintowhichtheynowturntheirremainingimpulses，nolongerrestrainedbyforceofwill。Thosewhohavenotbeennursingafixedideaeithertravelorrushintothepoliticalinterestsoftheirmunicipality。Otherstaketohuntingorfishingandtormenttheirfarmersortenants;othersagainbecomeusurersorstock—jobbers。AsfortheschemeoftheRogrons，brotherandsister，weknowwhatthatwas;theyhadtosatisfyanimperiousdesiretohandlethetrowelandremodeltheiroldhouseintoacharmingnewone。
　　ThisfixedideaproduceduponthesquareofLowerProvinsthefrontofthebuildingwhichBrigauthadbeenexamining;alsotheinteriorarrangementsofthehouseanditshandsomefurniture。Thecontractordidnotdriveanailwithoutconsultingtheowners，withoutrequiringthemtosigntheplansandspecifications，withoutexplainingtothematfulllengthandineverydetailthenatureofeacharticleunderdiscussion，whereitwasmanufactured，andwhatwereitsvariousprices。Astothechoicerthings，each，theyweretold，hadbeenusedbyMonsieurTiphaine，orMadameJulliard，orMonsieurthemayor，thenotablesoftheplace。TheideaofhavingthingsdoneastherichbourgeoisofProvinsdidthemcarriedthedayforthecontractor。
　　"Oh，ifMonsieurGarcelandhasitinhishouse，putitin，"saidMademoiselleRogron。"Itmustbeallright;histasteisgood。"
　　"Sylvie，see，hewantsustohaveovolosinthecorniceofthecorridor。"
　　"Doyoucallthoseovolos？"
　　"Yes，mademoiselle。"
　　"Whatanoddname！Ineverhearditbefore。"
　　"Butyouhaveseenthething？"
　　"Yes。"
　　"DoyouunderstandLatin？"
　　"No。"
　　"Well，itmeanseggs——fromtheLatin/ovum/。"
　　"Whatqueerfellowsyouare，youarchitects！"criedRogron。"Itissteppingonegg—shellstodealwithyou。"
　　"Shallwepaintthecorridor？"askedthebuilder。
　　"Goodheavens，no！"criedSylvie。"Thatwouldbefivehundredfrancsmore！"
　　"Oh，butthesalonandthestaircasearetooprettynottohavethecorridordecoratedtoo，"saidtheman。"ThatlittleMadameLesourdhadherspaintedlastyear。"
　　"Andnow，herhusband，asking’sattorney，isobligedtoleaveProvins。"
　　"Ah，he’llbechiefjusticesomeofthesedays，"saidthebuilder。
　　"HowaboutMonsieurTiphaine？"
　　"MonsieurTiphaine？he’sgotaprettywifeandissuretogeton。
　　He’llgotoParis。Shallwepaintthecorridor？"
　　"Yes，yes，"saidRogron。"TheLesourdsmustbemadetoseethatweareasgoodasthey。"
　　ThefirstyearaftertheRogronsreturnedtoProvinswasentirelytakenupbysuchdiscussions，bythepleasureofwatchingtheworkmen，bythesurpriseoccasionedtothetownspeopleandtherepliestoquestionsofallkindswhichresultedtherefrom，andalsobytheattemptsmadebySylvieandherbrothertobesociallyintimatewiththeprincipalfamiliesofProvins。
　　TheRogronshadnevergoneintoanysociety;theyhadneverlefttheirshop，knowingabsolutelynooneinParis，andnowtheywereathirstforthepleasuresofsociallife。OntheirarrivalinProvinstheyfoundtheirformermastersinParis（longsincereturnedtotheprovinces），MonsieurandMadameJulliard，latelyofthe"ChineseWorm，"theirchildrenandgrandchildren;theGuepinfamily，orrathertheGuepinclan，theyoungestscionofwhichnowkeptthe"ThreeDistaffs";andthirdly，MadameGueneefromwhomtheyhadpurchasedthe"FamilySister，"andwhosethreedaughtersweremarriedandsettledinProvins。Thesethreeraces，Julliard，Guepin，andGuenee，hadspreadthroughthetownlikedog—grassthroughalawn。Themayor，MonsieurGarceland，wastheson—in—lawofMonsieurGuepin;thecurate，AbbePeroux，wasownbrothertoMadameJulliard;thejudge，MonsieurTiphainejunior，wasbrothertoMadameGuenee，whosignedherself"/nee/Tiphaine。"
　　ThequeenofthetownwasthebeautifulMadameTiphainejunior，onlydaughterofMadameRoguin，therichwifeofaformernotaryinParis，whosenamewasnevermentioned。Clever，delicate，andpretty，marriedintheprovincestopleasehermother，whoforspecialreasonsdidnotwantherwithher，andtookherfromaconventonlyafewdaysbeforethewedding，MelanieTiphaineconsideredherselfanexileinProvins，whereshebehavedtoadmiration。Handsomelydowered，shestillhadhopes。AsforMonsieurTiphaine，hisoldfatherhadmadetohiseldestdaughterMadameGueneesuchadvancesonherinheritancethatanestatewortheightthousandfrancsayear，situatedwithinfifteenmilesofProvins，wastocomewhollytohim。ConsequentlytheTiphaineswouldpossess，soonerorlater，somefortythousandfrancsayear，andwerenot"badlyoff，"astheysay。TheoneoverwhelmingdesireofthebeautifulMadameTiphainewastogetMonsieurTiphaineelecteddeputy。
　　AsdeputyhewouldbecomeajudgeinParis;andshewasfirmlyresolvedtopushhimupintotheRoyalcourts。Forthesereasonsshetickledallvanitiesandstrovetopleaseallparties;and——whatisfarmoredifficult——shesucceeded。TwiceaweekshereceivedthebourgeoisieofProvinsatherhouseintheUppertown。Thisintelligentyoungwomanoftwentyhadnotasyetmadeasingleblunderormisstepontheslipperypathshehadtaken。Shegratifiedeverybody’sself—love，andpettedtheirhobbies;seriouswiththeserious，agirlwithgirls，instinctivelyamotherwithmothers，gaywithyoungwivesanddisposedtohelpthem，gracioustoall，——inshort，apearl，atreasure，theprideofProvins。Shehadneveryetsaidawordofherintentionsandwishes，butalltheelectorsofProvinswereawaitingthetimewhentheirdearMonsieurTiphainehadreachedtherequiredagefornomination。Everymanintheplace，certainofhisowntalents，regardedthefuturedeputyashisparticularfriend，hisprotector。Ofcourse，MonsieurTiphainewouldattaintohonors;hewouldbeKeeperoftheSeals，andthen，whatwouldn’thedoforProvins！
　　SuchwerethepleasantmeansbywhichMadameTiphainehadcometoruleoverthelittletown。MadameGuenee，MonsieurTiphaine’ssister，afterhavingmarriedhereldestdaughtertoMonsieurLesourd，prosecutingattorney，hersecondtoMonsieurMartener，thedoctor，andthethirdtoMonsieurAuffray，thenotary，hadherselfmarriedMonsieurGalardon，thecollector。MotheranddaughtersallconsideredMonsieurTiphaineastherichestandablestmaninthefamily。TheprosecutingattorneyhadthestrongestinterestinsendinghisuncletoParis，expectingtostepintohisshoesasjudgeofthelocalcourtofProvins。ThefourladiesformedasortofcourtroundMadameTiphaine，whoseideasandadvicetheyfollowedonalloccasions。MonsieurJulliard，theeldestsonoftheoldmerchant，whohadmarriedtheonlydaughterofarichfarmer，setupasudden，secret，anddisinterestedpassionforMadameTiphaine，thatangeldescendedfromtheParisianskies。ThecleverMelanie，tooclevertoinvolveherselfwithJulliard，butquitecapableofkeepinghimintheconditionofAmadisandmakingthemostofhisfolly，advisedhimtostartajournal，intendingherselftoplaythepartofEgeria。Forthelasttwoyears，therefore，Julliard，possessedbyhisromanticpassion，hadpublishedthesaidnewspaper，calledthe"Bee—hive，"whichcontainedarticlesliterary，archaeological，andmedical，writteninthefamily。Theadvertisementspaidexpenses。Thesubscriptions，twohundredinall，madetheprofits。Everynowandthenmelancholyverses，totallyincomprehensibleinLaBrie，appeared，addressed，"TOHER！！！"withthreeexclamationmarks。TheclanJulliardwasthusunitedtotheotherclans，andthesalonofMadameTiphainebecame，naturally，thefirstinthetown。ThefewaristocratswholivedinProvinswere，ofcourse，apart，andformedasinglesalonintheUppertown，atthehouseoftheoldComtessedeBreautey。
　　Duringthefirstsixmonthsoftheirtransplantation，theRogrons，favoredbytheirformeracquaintancewithseveralofthesepeople，werereceived，firstbyMadameJulliardtheelder，andbytheformerMadameGuenee，nowMadameGalardon（fromwhomtheyhadboughttheirbusiness），andnext，afteragooddealofdifficulty，byMadameTiphaine。AllpartieswishedtostudytheRogronsbeforeadmittingthem。Itwasdifficult，ofcourse，tokeepoutmerchantsoftherueSaint—Denis，originallyfromProvins，whohadreturnedtothetowntospendtheirfortunes。Still，theobjectofallsocietyistoamalgamatepersonsofequalwealth，education，manners，customs，accomplishments，andcharacter。NowtheGuepins，Guenees，andJulliardshadabetterpositionamongthebourgeoisiethantheRogrons，whosefatherhadbeenheldincontemptonaccountofhisprivatelife，andhisconductinthematteroftheAuffrayproperty，——
　　thefactsofwhichwereknowntothenotaryAuffray，MadameGalardon’sson—in—law。
　　Inthesociallifeofthesepeople，towhichMadameTiphainehadgivenacertaintoneofelegance，allwashomogeneous;thecomponentpartsunderstoodeachother，kneweachother’scharacters，andbehavedandconversedinamannerthatwasagreeabletoall。TheRogronsflatteredthemselvesthatbeingreceivedbyMonsieurGarceland，themayor，theywouldsoonbeongoodtermswithallthebestfamiliesinthetown。
　　Sylvieappliedherselftolearnboston。Rogron，incapableofplayingagame，twirledhisthumbsandhadnothingtosayexcepttodiscourseonhisnewhouse。Wordsseemedtochokehim;hewouldgetup，trytospeak，becomefrightened，andsitdownagain，withcomicaldistortionofthelips。Sylvienaivelybetrayedhernaturalselfatcards。Sharp，irritable，whiningwhenshelost，insolentwhenshewon，naggingandquarrelsome，sheannoyedherpartnersasmuchasheradversaries，andbecamethescourgeofsociety。Andyet，possessedbyasilly，unconcealedambition，Rogronandhissisterwerebentonplayingapartinthesocietyofalittletownalreadyinpossessionofaclosecorporationoftwelvealliedfamilies。Allowingthattherestorationoftheirhousehadcostthemthirtythousandfrancs，thebrotherandsisterpossessedbetweenthematleasttenthousandfrancsayear。
　　Thistheyconsideredwealth，andwithittheyendeavoredtoimpresssociety，whichimmediatelytookthemeasureoftheirvulgarity，crassignorance，andfoolishenvy。OntheeveningwhentheywerepresentedtothebeautifulMadameTiphaine，whohadalreadyeyedthematMadameGarceland’sandatMadameJulliardtheelder’s，thequeenofthetownremarkedtoJulliardjunior，whostayedafewmomentsaftertherestofthecompanytotalkwithherandherhusband：——
　　"YouallseemtobetakenwiththoseRogrons。"
　　"No，no，"saidAmadis，"theyboremymotherandannoymywife。WhenMademoiselleSylviewasapprenticed，thirtyyearsago，tomyfather，noneofthemcouldendureher。"
　　"Ihaveagreatmind，"saidMadameTiphaine，puttingherprettyfootonthebarofthefender，"tomakeitunderstoodthatmysalonisnotaninn。"
　　Julliardraisedhiseyestotheceiling，asiftosay，"Goodheavens？
　　whatwit，whatintellect！"
　　"Iwishmysocietytobeselect;anditcertainlywillnotbeifI
　　admitthoseRogrons。"
　　"Theyhaveneitherheart，normind，normanners";saidMonsieurTiphaine。"If，aftersellingthreadfortwentyyears，asmysisterdidforexample——"
　　"Yoursister，mydear，"saidhiswifeinaparenthesis，"cannotbeoutofplaceinanysalon。"
　　"——if，"hecontinued，"peoplearestupidenoughnottothrowofftheshopandpolishtheirmanners，iftheydon’tknowanybetterthantomistaketheCountsofChampagneforthe/accounts/ofawine—shop，asRogrondidthisevening，theyhadbetter，inmyopinion，stayathome。"
　　"Theyaresimplyimpudent，"saidJulliard。"TohearthemtalkyouwouldsupposetherewasnootherhandsomehouseinProvinsbuttheirs。