Inallreferencestothefruitofthisspeciesitisdescribedas"ovalandgreen,"exceptinIvesReport,whereDr。EngelmanndescribesitsrealcharacterastheordinaryfruitofEumamillaria。Theimmaturefruitis"ovalandgreen,"butwithmaturityitbecomesclavateandscarlet。TheUtahspecimensofParryshowanexceptionalcharacterintheir30to33scabrousradialspines,butotherwisetheyarequitenormal。M。
microcarpaEngelm。,Emory’sRep。156。f。3,shouldbedroppedasasynonymofthisspecies,atleastastofigureanddescription。
InallprobabilityC。grahamiisoneoftheformsoftheMexicanC。schelhasii(Pfeiff。)。ExceptthatinC。grahamitheradialspinesareapttobemorenumerousandlonger,andthecentralsmuchdarker;andinC。schelhasiithe3centralsseemtobealwayspresentandsometimesallhooked,thedescriptionssuggestnodifference。Intheabsenceofauthenticspecimensofthelatterspecies,however,andwithitsfruitandseedentirelyunknown,suchareferenceofC。grahamimustbedeferred。
20。Cactusbocasanus(Poselger)。
MamillariabocasanaPoselger,Gart。Zeit。94(1853)。
Depressed-globose,2to3cm。high:tubercles8mm。long,withlongaxillarywool:radialspines25to30,whiteandcapillary,10to25mm。long;centralspines2to4,slenderandnaked(orslightlypuberulent),themostcentralonehooked(usuallyupwards),15to25mm。long,theupper1to3shorterandstraight,allyellowwithredtips,thehookedoneoftenbrownish-rednearlytothebase:flowersunknown:fruitgreen,about4mm。long:seedscinnamon-brown,oblique,broadlyobovate,withnarrowlyovatebasalhilum。Typeunknown。
SanLuisPotosi,sofarasknown。Poselgersays,"Texas,aufderSeiradeBocas,amongrocks,"whichstationwehavebeenunabletolocate。
Specimensexamined:SanLuisPotosi(Eschanzierof1891):alsospecimenscultivatedinHort。Pfersdorffin1869;inMo。Bot。
Gard。in1891;alsogrowinginMo。Bot。Gard。1893。
Thecapillaryradialsgivetheplantawhite-woollyappearance。
Theyoungerspinesatthevertexareerectandtufted。ItresemblesC。grahami,butthetuberclesaremuchmoreslenderandnotthickenedatbase,allthespinesaremoreslender,thecentralhookedoneismorereddish,andthefruitismuchshorter。
21。Cactuseschanzieri,sp。nov。
Depressed-globose,3cm。indiameter,simple:tuberclesbroaderatbase,6to8mm。long,withnakedaxils:spinesallpubescent;
radials15to20,withduskytips,thelateral10to12mm。long,thelowerweaker,shorterandcurved,theuppershorter;solitarycentralspinereddish,slender,somewhattwisted,usuallyhookedupwards,15to25mm。long:flowersred(?):fruitreddish(?),ovate,about10mm,long:seedsreddish,oblique-obovate,1。2mm。
long,pitted,withsubventralhilum。TypeinHerb。Coulter。
SanLuisPotosi。
Specimensexamined:SanLuisPotosi(Eschanzierof1891)。
ResemblesC。grahami,butwithfewerandmoreslenderpubescentspines,longerandlessrigidcentral,moreexsertedfruit,andmuchlargerreddishandstronglypittedseedswithsubventralhilum。
22。Cactustetrancistrus(Engelm。)。
MamillariatetrancistraEngelm。Am。Jour。Sci。II。xiv。337
(1852),inpart。
MamillariaphellospermaEngelm。Syn。Cact。262(1856)。
CactuspellospermusKuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。261(1891)。
Ovateorovate-cylindrical,5to25cm。high,3。5to7。5cm。indiameter,simpleorrarelybranchingatbase:tuberclesovate-cylindrical,8to14mm。long,withaxillarybristle-bearingwool,atlengthnaked:radialspines30to60,intwoseries,theexteriorbristle-like,shorterandwhite,theinteriorstouter,longeranddusky-tippedorpurplish;centralspines3or4,stouter,longer,brownorblackishfromapalerbase,theupper2or3(10to14mm。long)straight,oroneortwoorevenallhooked,thelowerstouterandlonger(12to18
mm。),hookedupwards:flowersabout2。5cm。long:fruit1to2。5
cm。long:seedslarge(1。2to1。5mm。indiameter),globoseandwrinkled,partlyimmersedinabrownspongyorcorkycup-shaped3-lobedappendage。(Ill。Cact。Mex。Bound。t。7)Type,Parryof1850,butmodifiedbyLeConte14andBigelowof1854,allinHerb。Mo。Bot。Gard。
Gravellysoilandsandystream-banks,fromtheeasternslopesofthemountainsofsouthernCalifornia,throughoutwesternArizonaandsouthernNevadatosouthernUtah;referredalsoto"N。W。
Mexico"byHemsley(Biol。Centr-Amer。)。
Specimensexamined:California(Parryof1850;Newberryof1858;
Parishof1882):Arizona(LeConte14;Bigelowof1854;Dr。Loewof1875:alsoPalmerof1870,butwithnolocality。
IntheoriginaldescriptionthisspecieswasconfoundedwithC。
grahami,withwhichitgrowsandwhichitmuchresembles;andthis,togetherwiththefactthat4centralhookedspinesareseldomfound,inducedDr。Engelmann(Syn。Cact。262)toproposethemoreappropriatebutuntenablenameM。phellosperma。TheresemblancetoC。grahamiisnotsocloseasgeneralappearancewouldindicate,asthemoreoblongorcylindricalform,longerandlesscrowdedtubercles,morenumerousspines,oftenmorethanonehookedcentral,largeseeds,andremarkableseedappendagesservewelltodistinguishit。
Plantswithfasciculateslendercylindricalstems(30to45
cm。high,and2。5to6cm。indiameter):LowerCalifornian。
23。Cactusroseanus(Brandegee)。
MamillarialongihamataEngelm。Mss。
MamillariaroseanaBrandegee,Zoe,ii。19(1891)。
Fasciculatelybranchedatbase,thestems30to45cm。long(sometimespendentfromrocksandasmuchas200cm。long)and2。5to5cm。indiameter,thewholeplantglaucous:tubercleselongated-conical,ascending,10to12mm。long,withwoollyaxils:radialspines7to10,straight,rigidandsharp,9to15
mm。long,darkreddishwhenyoung,becomingashy,theupperonesthelonger;thesolitarycentralmuchlonger(20to30mm。),almostblackbelowandwithreddishtip,becomingashywithage,usuallyhookeddownwards:flowersnumerous,2。5to3。5cm。long,brightscarlet:fruitobovatetoglobose,scarlet,6to9mm。indiameter,fleshy:seedsblackandpitted。TypeinHerb。Calif。
Acad。
ApparentlycommonatlowelevationsthroughoutsouthernLowerCalifornia,especiallytheeasternside。
Specimensexamined:LowerCalifornia(W。M。Gabb17of1867,nearLoreto;Brandegeeof1889,atSanGregorio;Palmer139of1890,nearLaPaz;Palmer880of1890,onCarmenIsland;Brandegee241
of1890,atRanchoColorado)。
OneofthemostshowyspeciesofLowerCalifornia。TheplanthastheappearanceofaCoryphanth,andisremarkableforitstallandslenderhabit,itslargecentralhooks,anditsglobosefruit。Since1867thisspecieshasbeeninHerb。Engelmann,fullycharacterizedasaboveundertheveryappropriatespecificnamelongihamatus。
24。Cactussetispinus,sp。nov。
MamillariaSetispinaEngelm。Mss。
Fasciculateandascending,simpleorbranchedatbase,thestemsabout30cm。highand3to6cm。indiameter,denselycoveredwithremarkablylongstoutspines:tuberclesshortandbroadlyconical,withaxillarywool:spineswhite。withblacktips;
radials10to12,widelyspreading,veryunequal,10to34mm。
long,slenderandflexuous;centralspines1to4,morerigidandmuchlonger(20to50mm。),theupperonesstraight,thelowestonelongestandhooked(usuallyupwards)andoftenvariouslycurvedandtwisted:fruitobovateandscarlet30mm。long:seeds,blackandpitted。Type,Gabb15inHerb。Mo。Bot。Gard。
Rockyorgravellysoil,SanJulioCanyon。andinthevicinityofSanBorgia,LowerCalifornia。
Specimensexamined:LowerCalifornia(W。M。Gabb15of1867,atSanBorgia;Brandegeeof1889,fromSanBorgiaandSanJulioCanyon)。
InhisnotesMr。Gabbdescribesthefloweras"large,3to3。5
incheslong,bell-shaped,ofabeautifulpurplishredcolor,"
concerningwhichDr。Engelmannremarks"thiswouldindicateaCoryphanth,butthetuberclesshownotraceofagroove,and,moreover,awitheredremnantofaflowerlaterallyattached(say18to20mm。long),sothatIhavenodoubtthatMr。Gabb’sstatementisfoundedonsomeerror。"ItisveryprobablethattheflowersarescarletandlargerthanDr。Engelmannsuggests。
ThespeciesiscloselyalliedtoC。roseanus,butdiffersinitsshortertuberclesandmuchlongerspines。Aboutadozenstemsriseinaclump,aboutafoothigh,coveringanareaof2or3
feet。ThesetwospeciesrepresentaverydistinctLowerCaliforniangroupofcylindricalandhookedEumamillarias。Bothprobablyhaveshowyscarletflowersandmayattainconsiderablelengthwhengrowinguponrockledgessoastobecomependent。
ThespecimensofC。setispinusfromSanJulioCanyonarefromyoungerpartsandshowbutasinglelongandhookedcentral。TheSanBorgiaspecimensshowmostly3or4centrals,thelowestonehookedandbecomingremarkablylongandoftenvariouslytwistedandcurved。However,Icandiscovernodifferenceexceptsuchasmaybeduetoage。
Centralspinespresentandnothooked。
Centralspinesmorethanone,longerthantheradials,whicharenumerous,whiteandslender(capillaryorbristle-like)
(rigidinC。Halei)。
25。Cactushalei(Brandegee)。
MamillariahaleiBrandegee,Proc。Calif。Acad。SciScr。2。ii。
161(1889)。
Stemscylindrical,8to10inaclump,about30cm。highand5to7。5cm。indiameter:tuberclesshort,withaxillarywool:radialspines10to22,rigidanderect-spreading,unequal,6to15mm。
long;centralspinesnumerousanderect-spreading,1to3ofthemverystoutandprominent(25to35mm。long);allthespinesstraight,atfirstreddish-brown,becomingyellowishandashy,moreorlessdark-tipped:flowers2。5cm。long,brightscarlet(almostthroughout):fruit12mm,long,clavateandred:seedsblackandpitted。(Ill。l。c。t。6)TypeinHerb。Calif。Acad。
AbundantonMagdalenaandSantaMargaritaIslands,westerncoastofLowerCalifornia。Fl。January。
Specimensexamined:LowerCalifornia(Brandegeeof1889,onMagdalenaIsland)。
Thetuberclesaresoclosetogetherthattheplantappearsthicklycoveredwiththeunusuallystoutanderect-spreadingstraightspines,afewofthecentralsbeingspeciallyprominent。
Theplantismoreslenderthantheordinary"cylindrical"
membersofthegenus,butstouterthantheslenderhookedformsoftheprecedingsection。
26。Cactusrhodanthus(Link&Otto)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。261
(1891)。
MamillariarhodanthaLink&Otto,Icon。t。26(1828-31)
MamillarialaniferaHaw。Phil。Mag。lxiii。,41(),notSalm-Dyck(1850)。
Oblongorsubcylindric,30cm。ormorehigh,7。5to10cm。indiameter,oftenforkingfromthemiddle:tuberclesconical,12
mm。long,8mm。indiameter,withwoollyaxils:radialspines16
to20,bristle-like,white,thelowerlonger(8to10mm。);
centralspines6or7,rigid,whitishwithblacktip,12mm。
long:flowersrosecolor,12mm。indiameter:fruit2。5cm。long,cylindrical。(Ill。l。c。)Typeunknown。
ReferredtoMexicoingeneral,butreportedasyetfromSanLuisPotositosouthernMexico。Fl。profuselyallsummer。
Specimensexamined:SanLuisPotosi(Bourgeau47;Pringle3679;
Eschanzierof1891):alsogrowinginMo。Bot。Gard。1893。
ThespecimensofBourgeauandPringlehavesomewhatlargerspinesthanthetype,asindicatedbythedescription。
27。Cactusrhodanthussulphureospinus。
MamillariasulphureaForst。Handb。Cact。(1846),notCactussulphureusGill,(1830)。
MamillariarhodanthasulphureaSalm,Hurt。Cact。Dyck。11
(1850)。
Centralspinessulphur-yellow;otherwiselikethespecies。Typeunknown。
SanLuisPotosi。
Specimensexamined:SanLuisPotosi(Pfeiffer,withnonumberordate;Eschanzierof1891)。
Thevarietaldistinctionmaintainedseemsasmallone,butitisconstantandstriking,sofarascanbediscovered。
28。Cactuscapillaris。
MamillarialaniferaSalm,Cact。Hort。Dyck。98(1850),notHaw。
CactuslaniferusKuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。250(1891)。
Cylindricalanderect:tuberclescrowded,conical,glaucous,withaxillarybristles:radialspinescapillaryandverynumerous,whiteandcrisped,entirelycoveringtheplant;centralspines4
to6,rigid,straightandspreading,straw-colored,8to12mm。
long:flowersequalingthetubercles,theyellowpetalsstripedwithred:fruitunknown。Typeunknown。
ReferredtoMexicoingeneral,butdefinitelyknownonlyfromCoahuila。
Specimensexamined:Coahuila。(Palmerof1880)。
ThereisaconfusionofsynonymybetweenthisspeciesandC。
rhodanthus,bothhavingbeennamedMamillarialanifera。TheearlierM。laniferaofHaworth,however,isclearlyM。rhodanthaofLink&Otto;andalthoughPrinceSalm-Dyckrevivedthenameforthepresentspecies,thelawofhomonymswillnotpermitittostand。Thenameproposedreferstotheabundantdisplayofcapillaryradialspines,whichisprobablythemostnotablefeature。
29。Cactuspalmeri,sp。nov。
Cylindrical:tuberclescrowded,glaucous,cylindrical(somewhatbroadestabove),about4mm。long,withdenseaxillarywoolcontainingbristles:radialspines25to30,veryslenderandwhitebutrigid,about5mm。long,spreadingorsomewhatradiant,entangledwiththoseofneighboringtubercles,andsocoveringthewholeplant;centralspines3to5(usually4),morerobust,erectorslightlydivergent,brownishwithdarkertip,7to8mm。
long:flowerssmall:fruitclavateandscarlet:seedsblackandstronglypitted,0。5to0。8mm。indiameter。Type,Palmer921inU。S。Nat。Herb。
SanBenitoIsland,offthewestcoastoflowerCalifornia。
Specimensexamined:LowerCalifornia,SanBenitoIsland(Palmer921of1889,reportedasMamillariaGoodrichii)。
VerycloselyalliedtoC。capillarisofeasternMexico。
30。CactusstellatusWilld。Enum。Suppl。30(1813)。
CactuspusillusDC。Cat。Hort。Monsp。184(1813),notHaw。
(1803)。
MamillariapusillaDC。Prod。iii。459(1828)。
AverycommonWestIndianspecies,apparentlydifferingfromthevarietyonlyintheverymuchfewer(12to20)radialspines,althoughnumerousspecimens,bothdriedandliving,wereexaminedforadditionalcharacters。Thisdifference,however,issoconstantandstrikingthat,takentogetherwiththewidegeographicalseparation,itshouldstandasvarietal。
31。Cactusstellatustexanus(Engelm。)。
MamillariapusillatexanaEngelm。Syn。Cact。216(1856)。
MamillariatexanaYoung,Fl。Texas,279(1873)。
Ovate-globose,2。5to3cm。indiameter,2。5to6cm。high,proliferousandatlengthcespitose:tubercles7to9mm。long,thelongaxillarywoolintermixedwithseveralcoarsetwistedbristles:radialspinesverynumerous,inmanyseries,theouterones(30to50)capillary,white,elongatedandflexuousorcrisped(12to16mm,longwhenstraightened),theinnerones(10
to12)morerigid,shorter(6to8mm。),puberulent,whitishoryellowish,usuallydark-tipped;centralspines5to8,rigid,straight,pubescent,unequal,whitebelowandreddishordarkabove:flowers1。5to2cm。long,theyellowish-whitepetalswithreddishmedianband:fruit1。5to2cm。long:seedsblackandshining,conspicuouslypitted,1。2mm。long。(Ill。Cact。Mex。
Bound。t5。)Type,BigelowspecimensinHerb。Mo。Bot。Gard。
FromthemouthoftheRioGrandetoElPaso,Tex。,andsouthwardintoCoahuilaandChihuahua。Fl。March-May。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Bigelowof1853;Nealleyof1892):
Coahuila(Bigelowof1853):alsogrowinginMo。Bot。Gard。1892
and1893。
Theexteriorcapillaryspinescoverthewholeplantaswithacoarsewool。
32。Cactuspringlei,sp。nov。
Globose(?),5cm。indiameter:tuberclesshort-conical,about6
mm。long,withverywoollyaxils:radialspines18to20,setaceous-bristlyandradiant,5to8min。long;centralspines5to7(usually6),stoutandhorny,moreorlessrecurved,spreading,20to25mm。long;allstraw-colored,butthecentralsdarker:flowersdeepred(darker,evenbrownish,outside),8to10mm。long:fruitunknown。Type,Pringleof1891inHerb。Gray。
SanLuisPotosi。
Specimensexamined:SanLuisPotosi(Pringleof1891)。
EvidentlyamemberoftheChrysacanthagroupandnearC。
rhodanthussulphureospinus,butdiffersinthemuchshortertubercles,straw-coloredspines,shorterradials,muchlongercentrals,andsmallerdarkerflowers。
33。Cactussphaerotrichus(Lem。)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。261
(1891)。
MamillariasphaerotrichaLem。Cact。33(1839)。
Depressed-globose:tuberclescylindrical,obtuse,withsomeaxillarybristles:radialspinesverymuchcrowded,exceedinglynumerous,radiant,veryslenderandbristle-like,white;centralspines6to10andevenmore,erectandmorerigid:flowerspalereddish:fruitunknown。Typeunknown。
ReferredtoMexicoingeneral,butreportedonlyfromSanLuisPotosi。
Specimensexamined:MexicanspecimensfromHort。Dyckin1857;
fromHort。Pfersdorffin1869;andgrowinginMo。Bot。Gard。1893
(frommaterialsentbyPringlefromSanLuisPotosi)。
Thesinglecentralspineshorterthantheradials(inC。
longimammacentralsoftenmorethanoneandsomewhatlonger)。
34。Cactusgabbli,sp。nov。
MamillariagabbiiEngelmMss。
Globose,5to10cm。indiameter,simple:tuberclescylindrical,slender,12to14mm。long,withwoollyaxils:radialspinesabout13,5to8mm。long,loweroneslongerandstouter,especiallythelateralonespectinate;thecentralshorter,straight,androbust:flowerssmall,yellowish-red:fruitunknown。TypeinHerb。Mo。Bot。Gard。
Amongrocks,fromSanIgnaciotoMissionSanFernando,LowerCalifornia,and"perhapsfarthernorthintheinterior。"
Specimensexamined:LowerCalifornia(W。M。Gabb19of1867)。
35。Cactussphaericus(Dietr。)Kuntze,Rev。GenPl。261(1891)。
MamillariasphaericaDietr。Allg。Gart。Zeitxxi。94(1853)。
Obovateorclavate,5cm。ormorehigh,proliferousandatlengthdenselycespitose:tubercleselongated-ovate,acutish,12to10
mm。longwithaxillarywool:radialspines12to14,setaceous,7
to9mm。long,bulbousatbase,straightorcurved,white;
centralspinestraight,subulate,somewhatshorter,butscarcelystouter:flowersyellow,3。5to5cm。long:fruitunknown。Typeunknown。
SandyridgesinthevalleyoftheRioGrande(bothsidesoftheriver),fromthemouthtoEaglePass。Fl。fromMarchthroughouttheseason。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Schottof1852):alsospecimenscultivatedinSt。Louisin1845and1861。
Dietrich’sdescriptionwastakenfromplantscollectedbyPoselgeratCorpusChristi。TheSchottspecimensarefromEaglePass。Dr。EngelmanncallsattentiontothefactthatthisspeciesapproachesCoryphanthainitsexsertedovaryandlargeflower,buttheflowersareclearlyfromthegrowthoftheprecedingseason。ThespeciesissaidtobetooneartheMexicanC。longimammaofcentralandsouthernMexico,butintheabsenceoftypespecimensofeitherthequestioncannotbesettled。TheusualcharacterizationofC。longimammaisasfollows,whichseemstomakeitdistinctenough:
36。Cactuslongimamma(DC。)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。260(1891)。
MamillarialongimammaDC。Rev。Cact。113(1829)。
Ovateoratlengthcylindrical,simpleorcespitose:tuberclesoblong-ovate,largeatbase,4to5cm。long:radialspines7or8,radiantandequal,8to10mm。longormore,moreorlesspubescent;centralspines1to3,somewhatlongerandspreading:
flower4cm。long,becoming6cm。broadwhenfullyexpanded,yellow。(Ill。DC。Mem。Cact。t。5。)
II。CORYPHANTHA。Flowersfromthebaseofagrooveonyoungornascenttubercles(henceappearingterminal),mostlylarge:
spinesneverhooked(exceptinthedoubtfulC。brunneus)。
*Flowersyellow。
Theoriginallycentralflowerspushedasidebythecontinuousdevelopmentofnewtubercles:usuallyasingleprominentcentralspine。
37。Cactusmissouriensis(Sweet)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。259
(1891)。
CactusmamillarisNutt。Gen。i。295(1818),notLinn。(1753)。
MamillariamissouriensisSweet,Hort。Brit。171(1827)。
MamillariasimplexTorr。&Gray,Fl。N。Am。i。553(1840)。
MamillarianuttalliiEngelm。Pl。Fendl。49(1849)。
MamillarianotesteiniiBritton,Bull。Torr。Bot。Club,xviii,367(1891)。
Globose,3。5cm。indiameter,simpleornearlyso:tuberclesovate-cylindrical,12to14mm。long,slightlygrooved:radialspines13to17,straight,whitish,setaceous,somewhatunequal,8to10mm。long;centralspinemorerobust,straightandporrect,puberulent,10to12mm。long,oftenwanting:flowersabout2。5cm。long,yelloworreddish:stigmas2to5:fruitglobose,scarlet,6to8mm。indiameter:seedsglobose,blackandpitted,0。8to1。1mm。indiameter。(Ill。Cact。Mex。Bound。
t。74。,f。6,seeds。)Typeunknown。
HighprairiesoftheUpperMissouri,fromMontanatoSouthDakotaandsouthwardthroughwesternNebraskatowesternKansasandtheeasternslopesofthemountainsofColorado。Fl。May。
Specimensexamined:Montana(Notesteinof1893):NationalPark(Tweedy423):SouthDakota,(collectorunknown,in1847,1848,1853):Nebraska(Haydenof1855)。
38。Cactusmissouriensissimilis(Engelm。)。
MamillariasimilisEngelm。Pl。Lindh。246(1845)。
MamillarianuttalliicaespitosaEngelm。Syn。Cact。265(1856)。
MamillariamissouriensiscaespitosaWatson,Bibl。Index,403(1878)。
Cespitose,with12to15puberulentradialspines,thecentralveryoftenwanting,largerflowers(2。5to5cm。long),fruitandseeds(1。6to2。2mm。indiameter),and5stigmas。(Ill。Cact。
Mex。Bound。t。74。f7,seeds)Type,Lindheimer,of1845(?)inHerb。Mo。Bot。Gard。
FromtheKansasRiver,Kansas,andeasternColorado,southwardthroughOklahomatotheSanAntonioRiver,Texas。
Specimensexamined:Colorado(Greeneof1870):Kansas(Carleton551of1891,fromKingmanCounty,distributedasMamillariadasyacantha):Oklahoma(Carleton120of1891):Texas(Lindheimerof1845,1850;Wrightof1850;Reverchon725):alsospecimenscultivatedinGoebel’sGardenin1846;andinSt。Louisin1846,1847,1851。
Thecespitosemassesareoftenafootbroad。
39。Cactusmissouriensisrobustior(Engelm。)。
MamillariasimilisrobustiorEngelm。Pl。Lindh。200(1850)。
MamillarianuttalliirobustiorEngelm。andBigel。Pacif。R。
Rep。iv。28(1856)。
MamillariamissouriensisrobustiorWatson,Bibl。Index,440(1878)。
Almostsimple,withlongeraidloosertubercles,10to12stouterradialspines(6to16mm。long),asinglestoutcentral,largerflowers,and7or8stigmas。Type,Lindheimerof1845inHerb。
Mo。Bot。Gard。
FromsoutheasternColoradoandtheCanadianRiver(OklahomaandIndianTerritory),totheColoradoRiverofTexas。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Lindheimerof1845,1846;Bigelowof1853):alsospecimenscultivatedinSt。Louisin1847。
InBigelow’sspecimensthecentralspineismostlylacking。
40。Cactusscheerii(Muhlenpf。)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。261
(1891)。
MamillariascheeriiMuhlenpf。Allg。Gart。Zeit。xv。97(1847)。
MamillariascheeriivalidaEngelm。Syn。Cact。265(1856)。
Ovate-globose,7。5to17。5cm。high,7。5to12。5cm。indiameter,simpleorsparinglyproliferousatbase:tubercleslarge(2。5to3。5cm。long),fromabroadbaseandsuddenlycontractedandalmostcylindric(10to14mm。indiameter),deeplygrooved(1to5orbicularglandsinthegroove),distant,spreadingandascending,theloweronesshorter,moreconicalandsomewhatimbricated,withbroadaxilsandtheyoungerdenselywoolly:
radialspines6to16,straightorslightlycurved,stout,rigid,bulbousatbase,whitishoryellowish(sometimesreddish)withdarktip,the2to5lowerandlateralonesstouterandcompressed(18to30mm。long),the4to11upperonesweakerandterete(10to20mm。long);centralspines1to5,stoutandangled,20to36mm。long,,mostlyyellow(sometimesreddish),asingleoneverystoutandporrect:flowers5cm。long,yellow(sometimesreddishtinged):fruitovateorsubglobose,green:
seedslarge(3mm。long),flatandobovate,red。Typeunknown;
thatoftheoldvar。validaistheWrightmaterialinHerb。Mo。
Bot。Gard。
Sandyridges,southwesternTexas,fromEaglePassandheadoftheLimpiatoElPaso,andsouthwardintoChihuahua,Coahuila,andSanLuisPotosi;alsosouthernMexico(fideHemsley)。Fl。
July。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Wright416,478,of1851,1852;Evansof1891):SanLuisPotosi(Eschanzierof1891)。
Thevar。validawasdescribedbyDr。EngelmannwithouthavingseenC。scheerii,theonlyknowledgeofthatspeciesbeingobtainedfromthedescriptionofPrinceSalm-DyckinCact。Hort。
Dyck。,whichseemedtoindicateasmallerform,withfewerspinesthantheTexanform。However,whenvisitingthecollectionsofPrinceSalm-Dyck,Dr。EngelmannfoundoriginalspecimensofC。
scheeriiwhichwereexactlyhisvar。valida。SofarascollectionsshowtheTexanformseemstobemorerobustthantheMexican,butthematerialistooscantytojustifysuchageneralization。Dr。Engelmannspeaksofthisspeciesas"astatelyplant,byfarthelargest,ofthenorthernMamillariae"
Itstuberclesarebrightgreenandinbeautifulcontrastwiththeshowyyellowspines。
41。Cactusrobustispinus(Schott)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。261
(1891)。
MamillariarobustispinaSchottinEngelm。Syn。Cact。265
(1856)。
Alargestoutplant,simpleorcespitose:tubercleslarge,subterete,nearly2。5cm。long(andaboutthesamedistancefromeachother):radialspines12to15,stoutandrigid,18to30
mm。long,theloweronesthestouter,moredusky,straightoroftencurveddownwards,theupperstraightandfascicled;thesolitarycentralspinestout,compressed,curveddownwards(occasionallyanadditionalstraighterupperone),notmuchlongerthantheradials,thebasenearly2mm。wide;allthespineshornyandblack-tipped;flowers3。5to5cm。longwithveryslenderandconstrictedtube,saffron-yellow:fruitgreenseedslarge(3to3。2mm,longand2mm。indiameter),obliquelyobovateandcurved,smoothandbrownish。(Ill。Cact。Mex。Bound。
t。74。fig。8,seeds)Type,SchottspecimensinHerb。Mo。Bot。
Gard。
"OngrassyprairiesonthesouthsideoftheBabuquibariMountains,"Sonora。Fl。July。
Specimensexamined:Sonora(Schottof1853-4)。
Dr。EngelmannremarksthattheseedsofthisspeciesarelargerthanthoseofanyotherMamillariaknowntohim。
42。Cactusrecurvatus(Engelm。)KuntzeRev。Gen。Pl。259(1891)。
MamillariarecurvispinaEngelm。Syn。Cact。265(1856),notVries。
MamillariarecurvataEngelm。Trans。St。LouisAcad。ii。
202(1863)。
Globoseordepressed-globose,7。5to20cm。indiameter,simple:
tuberclesovate,deeplygrooved,crowded,somewhatimbricate,10
to12mm。long:radialspines12to20,bulbousatbase,compressed,rigid,recurvedorflexuous,8to18mm。long,whitishorhorny,interwovenwithadjacentclusters;centralspinesolitary(sometimesanadditionalupperone),stouterandlonger(12to20mm。),dark,mostlystronglyrecurvedandappressed(rarelystraightish):flowersabout3。5cm。long,yellow(brownish-tingedoutside):fruitunknown。Type,SchottspecimensinHerb。Mo。Bot。Gard。
FromSonoratosouthernMexico。Fl。June-August。
Specimensexamined:Sonora(Schottof1855)。
43。Cactussalm-dyckianus(Scheer)Kuntze。Rev。Gen。Pl。261
(1891)。
Mamillariasalm-dyckianaScheerinSalm,Cact。Hort。Dyck。134
(1850)。
Subglobose:tuberclesverybroadandretuse,almost2-partedbythetomentosegroove,withaxillaryfloccosewool:radialspines7or8,veryrigid,widelyradiant,somewhatcurved,3to3。5cm。
long,inoldertubercles3to6additionalslenderandstraightortwistedspines;thesolitarycentralspineverystout,erect,almost5cm。long:flowersandfruitunknown。Type:Scheersaysthatthisplant,broughtfromChihuahuabyPotts,"unfortunatelyperished,"andthedescriptionwasdrawnfromfragments,whichinthosedayswerenotapttobepreserved。
Chihuahua。
Specimensexamined:Chihuahua("Salmof1857")。
ThespecimenreferredtoisinHerb。Mo。Bot。Gard。,andrevealsnoadditionalcharacters;norcanthelabelbeinterpreted,exceptthatitindicatesthatthespecimenisfromplantscultivatedsuccessfullyinthegardensofPrinceSalm-Dyck。
Flowerandfruitremainingcentralintheverywoollyvertexoftheplant。
Centralspinesolitaryorwanting。
44。Cactuscompactus(Engelm。)KuntzeRev。Gen。Pl。260(1891)。
MamillariacompactaEngelm。Wisliz。Rep。21(1848)。
Depressed-globose,5to10cm。indiameter,simple:tuberclesshort-conical,crowded,8mm。long:radialspines13to16,rigid,recurvedandappressed,interwovenwithadjacentclusters,whitishorhorny,10to20mm。long;theerectcentralspineoftenwanting:flowers3to3。5cm。longandbroad,yellow(brownishwithout):fruitoval,green:seeds1。4mm。long,smoothandyellow。(Ill。Cact。Mex。Bound。t。74。fig。2,seeds)Type,Wislizenusof1846inHerb。Mo。Bot。Gard。
MountainsofChihuahua。Fl。June-July。
Specimensexamined:Chihuahua(Wislizenusof1846):alsospecimenscultivatedinSt。Louisin1848,1850,1854。
45。Cactusradians。(DC。)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。261(1891)。
MamillariaradiansDC。Rev。Cact。111(1829)。
MamillariapectinataEngelmSyn。Cact。266(1856)。
Globose,3。5to7。5cm。indiameter,simple:tuberclesconical,froma4-angledbase,loweronesshort(4to6mm。),upperflower-bearingoneslonger(10to12mm。),tereteandgrooved:
radialspines16to24,somewhatrecurvedfromabulbouscompressedbase,stiffandpectinate,hornyorwhitish(atlengthashy),interwovenwithadjacentclusters,thoseonlowertuberclesaboutequal(6to10mm。),onflower-bearingtubercleselongated,mixedwithafewstouteronesandfasciculated(lowerones10to12mm。long,upperones12to18mm。longandforminganapicaltuft);centralsnone:flowersover5cm。longandabout6to7。5cm。indiameterwhenexpanded,brightsulphur-yellow:
fruitovateandgreen,about12mm。long:seedscompressed,brownishsmoothandshining,1。8mm。long。(Ill。Cact。Mex。
Bound。t。11)Typeunknown;thatofM。pectinataEngelm。istheWrightmaterialinHerb。Mo。Bot。Gard。
ExtendingfromthehillsalongtheLowerPecostoElPaso,southwesternTexas,southwardthroughCoahuilaandSanLuisPotositosouthernMexico。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Wright226of1849,alsoof1852;
Evansof1891):Coahuila(Palmerof1880;Mrs。Nickels):SanLuisPotosi(Parry&Palmer265;Eschanzierof1891):alsospecimenscultivatedinSt。Louisin1853;inMo。Bot。Gard。in1892;andinHarv。BotGard。
EvenintheabsenceofthetypeIhaveventuredtoreferMamillariapectinataEngelm。tothisspecies。Dr。Engelmannhadconcludedthatthetwowere"notsufficientlydistinct,"andtheexaminationofMexicanformswhichpassasC。radiansabundantlyconfirmsthisconclusion。Besides,everycharacterintheoriginaldescriptionofC。radiansappliesexactlytotheseMexicanplantsandtoourTexanspecimensaswell。AsidefromthefactthattheMexicanspecimensareapttobemorerobust,I
candiscovernodifferencewhatever。FordiscussionofrelationshipsseeunderC。scolymoides。
46。Cactusradianspectenoides,var。nov。
Differsinitscespitosehabit,fewer(16or17)andstouterspines(8to9mm。long),anditslargerandlonger(10mm。)lessdeeplygroovedtubercles。TypeinHerb。Coulter。
SanLuisPotosi。
Specimensexamined:SanLuisPotosi(Eschanzierof1891)。
47。Cactuscorniferus(DC。)Kuntze,Rev。GenPl。260(1891)。
MamillariacorniferaDC。Rev。Cact。111(1829)。
MamillariaimpexicomaLem。Hort。Monov。Cult。5(1839)。
MamillariacorniferaimpexicomaSalm。Cact。Hort。Dyck。
20(1850)。
Globose,7。5cm。indiameter,simple:tuberclesoblong-ovate,2
cmlong,crowded,theyoungeraxilswoolly:radialspines15to26,rigidandhorny,curvedorsometimesstraight,reflexed,bulbousatbase,yellowish(whiterwithage)andwithdarktips,verysharp,10to12mm,long;thecentralonemuchstouter,darker,slightlydeflexed,12to16mmlong,sometimeswanting:
flowerunknown:fruitobovate,red,2cmlong:seedsreddish,angular,smooth,2mm。long。Typeunknown。
FromSanLuisPotositosouthernMexico。
Specimensexamined:SanLuisPotosi(Parryof1879;Eschanzierof1891):alsospecimenscultivatedinMo。Bot。Gard。in1892;
growinginsamegardenin1893。MamillariaimpexicomaLem。,afterwardsreducedtoavariety,wasbaseduponfewerradialspinesandnocentral。Asthecentralisoccasionallywantinginconnectionwiththemostnumerousradials,andpresentwiththefewest,suchaformwouldhavetobeseparatedsolelyontheabsenceofthecentralspine,andevenintheoriginaldescriptionofimpexicomathecentralspineisonlysaidtobe"sometimeswanting。"Ithasbeenimpossibleformetoseparatetheforms。Itshouldbesaidthatthefruitandseedcharactersgivenaboveweretakenfrontaspecimenwhosefewradialsandnocentralswouldundoubtedlyreferittoimpexicoma。AsyetweareignorantoftheflowerofC。corniferus。FordiscussionofrelationshipsseeunderC。scolymoides。
Centralspines1to4。
48。Cactusscolymoides(Scheidw。)Kuntze。Rev。Gen。Pl。261
(1891)。
MamillariascolymoidesScheidwAllg。Gart。Zeit。ix。44
(1841)。
Globoseorovate,5to7。5cm。high。subsimple:tuberclesconical,10to16mm。long,theupperelongated,incurvedandimbricate:radialspines14to20,straightoroftenrecurved,whiteorhorny,10to20mm。long(theupperthelonger);centralspines1to4,longer(18to32mm。),moredusky,curved,theupperonesturnedupwardsandintermixedwiththeradials,theloweronestouter,longer,andcurveddownwards:flowers5cm。
long:fruitunknown。Typeunknown。
FromthePecosRiver,westernTexas,westwardintosouthernNewMexico,andsouthwardintoChihuahuaandSanLuisPotosi。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Haysof1858):NewMexico(Bigelowof1853):Chihuahua(Wislizenusof1846):alsospecimenscultivatedinSt。Louisin1858。
SpecimenscollectedbyMrs。AnnaBNickelsacrosstheRioGrandefromLaredo,Texas,andshowingneitherflowernorfruit,seemtointergradebetweenC。scolymoidesandC。scolymoidessulcatus。
Thehabitisthatoftheformer,thetuberclesarethoseofthelatter,whilethespinesaresomewhatdifferentfromeither。Thenumberofcentralspinesinthesespecimensisveryhardtodetermine,asontheadulttubercletheyallassumearadialposition。Theusualadultarrangementisanapparentabsenceofcentralspines;10to12rigid,spreadingandmoreorlessrecurvedradials(increasinginlengthfromthelowest),whicharemostlywhiteortheuppermoreorlessdusky;andabove,justbehindtheradialrow,2or3stoutrecurved-ascendingspines,whicharewhitewithtipsmoreorlessreddish-black,oneofthespinesusuallymuchstouterandlongerthantheothers。Thisformmayrepresentadistinctspecies,butitseemsveryunsafetoaddspeciestotheC。scolymoidesgroupwithoutthefullestinformation。
PrinceSalm-DyckrefersC。scolymoidesto"M。daimonocerasLem。
Cact。gen。nov。,p。5,"butnomentionofsuchanamecanbefoundintheworkreferredto。LabouretrefersC。corniferustothesamenameandreference。If"M。daimonoceras"wasanythingmorethanagardenorherbariumnameusedbyLemaireIhavebeenunabletofindit,andDr。Engelmann’snotesindicatethathissearchmetwiththesameresult。ItispossiblethatthenamewasappliedlooselytothisassemblageofcloselyrelatedformsthatseemtoclusteraboutC。corniferus。
Amostperplexingquestionofrelationshipispresentedbytheformsthathavebeencalledpectinatus,scolymoides,sulcatus(calcaratus),Echinus,andtheMexicanformsradians,impexicomus,corniferus。Itmaybethattheyareallmerelyvarietiesofonestrongpolymorphictype,butourknowledgeofcorniferusissoincomplete,andmaterialofotherformsissoscanty,thatIcannotventuretomakesuchanassertion。
However,itseemsprobablethatradians,pectinatus,scolymoides,sulcatusandEchinusallhavegreenfruit,whileinimpexicomusandcorniferusitisred。Ithasalsoseemedpropertomergeradiansandpectinatus,alsoimpexicomusandcorniferus,andtorefersulcatustoscolymoidesasavariety。Thesesevenformsarethusreducedatleasttofourspecies。
49。Cactusscolymoidessulcatus(Engelm。)。
MamillariasulcataEngelm。Pl。Lindh。246(1845),notPfeiff。
(1848)。
MamillariastrobiliformisMuhlenpf。Allg。Gart。Zeit。xvi。19
(1848),notScheer(1850)。
MamillariacalcarataEngelm。Pl。Lindh。195(1850)。
CactuscalcaratusKuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。259(1891)。
Differsinitssmallersize;proliferousandmuchmorecespitosehabit,thedilatedbaseofthemorespreadingtubercles,fewer(8
to12)radialspines,usuallyasinglecentralspine(wantinginyoungplants)andsomewhatlargerflowers。(Ill。Cact。Mex。
Bound。t。74。fig。1,seeds)Type,Lindheimerof1844inHerb。
Mo。Bot。Gard。
Texas,fromtheBrazostotheNueces。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Lindheimerof1844;Fendler34;Wrightof1850,1854,1857):alsospecimenscultivatedinSt。Louisin1845,1848,1853,1859。
Thisseemstorepresentthenortheasternextensionofthespecies,anddoubtlessitwillbefoundmergingintoitsouthandwestoftheNueces。Curiouslyenoughoneoftheprominentdistinctionsoriginallygivenwasthesinglecentralspine,whileinthetypespecimenthereoccurtubercleswithmorethanonecentral。
50。Cactusechinus(Engelm。)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。260(1891)。
MamillariaechinusEngelm。Syn。Cact。267(1856)。
Globoseorsubconical,3。5to6。5cm。indiameter,simple:
tuberclesterete,conical,groovedabove,10to12mm。long:
radialspines16to30,pectinate,straightorlittlecurved,rigidandappressed(interwovenwithneighboringclusters),ashy-white(oftenduskyatapex),8to12mm。long,theuppermostlonger(12to20mm。);centralspines3or4,theupperonesturnedupwardandintermixedwiththeradials,theloweroneverystout,15mm。long,subulatefromaverythickbulbousbase,straight(rarelyslightlycurved)andporrect(deciduousinoldspecimens):flowers3to5cm。long:fruitoval,elongated,about2cm。long,green:seedselongated-obovate。brownandsmooth,about1。8mm。long。(Ill。Cact。Mex。Bound。t。10)Type,theWrightandBigelowspecimensinHerb。Mo。Bot。Gard。
Onlimestonehills,fromthePecosRiver,southwesternTexas,andsouthernNewMexico,westwardtotheRioGrande(fromPresidiodelNortenorthward)。Fl。June。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Wrightof1849,1851,1852;Bigelowof1852;Engelmann,withnonumberordate;Evansof1891)。
Thecharacteristicappearanceoftheplantisgivenbytheverystoutandstraightcentralspinestandingineachclusterperpendiculartotheplantbody。Therangeofthisspecies,betweenthePecosandtheupperRioGrande,suggestsanotherseparatedgroup,suchasispresentedbyC。scolymoidessulcatustotheeast,betweentheBrazosandNueces。VeryfrequentlyspecimensofC。echinusoccurinwhichsomeofthetuberclesdonotdevelopcentralspines,andthenthespinecharactersresemblethoseofC。radians。InC。radians,also,anoccasionalporrectcentralspineisfound。TheseintergradingformsIhaveonlyseeninMexicanmaterial。FordiscussionofrelationshipsseeunderC。scolymoides。
**Flowersred。
Centralspinesolitaryorsometimeswanting。
51。Cactusdasyacanthus(Engelm。)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。259
(1891)。
MamillariadasyacanthaEngelm。Syn。Cact。268(1856)。
Subglobose,3。5to6。5cm。high,simple:tuberclesslenderandterete,spreading,lightlygroovedeventothebase,8to10mm,long:radialspines30to50,mostlyintwoseries,straightandlooselyspreading,theexteriorones(25to35)capillaryandwhite,6to18mm。long,theinteriorones(7to13)stiffer(setaceous),longeranddarkerandblack-tipped;thecentralspinestraightandporrect,12to20mm。long,oftenwanting:
flowerssmall,red:fruitovate,small(8to10mm。long?):seedsglobose-angled,almostblack,pitted,0。8to1。2mm。long(Ill。
Cact。Mex。Bound。t。12。figs。17-22)Type,Wright110inHerb。
Mo。BotGard。
FromEaglePass,Texas,westwardtoElPasoandsouthernNewMexico,andsouthwardintoChihuahua。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Wright110of1852):NewMexico(Vaseyof1881;Mearnsof1892,inBigHatchetMountains)Chihuahua(Pringle251of1885,inpart)。
Pringle251asdistributedtoNat。Herb。isC。tuberculosus。
52。Cactusmaculatus,sp。nov。
Obovate-cylindrical,6by8cm。,somewhatcespitose:tuberclesovate,terete,10mm。long,groovedtothebase,withnakedaxils:radialspines10or11,straightandspreading,rigid,blackish(becomingashywithage),black-tipped,12mm。long;
centralspinelarge,moreorlessspotted,erect,25to35mm。
long:flower13mm。long,pinkish:fruitunknown。TypeinHerb。
Coulter。
SanLuisPotosi。
Specimensexamined:SanLuisPotosi(Eschanzierof1891)。
SomewhatresemblesC。tuberculosusingeneralappearance,butverydifferentinspinecharacters。
53。Cactusbrunneus,sp。nov。
Obovate-cylindrical,3by6cm。,simple:tuberclesovate,groovedtothebase,5to6mm。long,withwoollyaxils:radialspines11
to15,spreading,ratherrigidandbrownish(lighterwithage),8
to10mm。long;centralspinemuchlarger,20mm,long,hooked:
flowerandfruitunknown。TypeinHerb。Coulter。
SanLuisPotosi。
Specimensexamined:SanLuisPotosi(Eschanzierof1891)。
Centralspines3to12。
54。Cactusconoideus(DC。)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。260(1891)。
MamillariaconoideaDC。Rev。Cact。112(1829)。
MamillariastrobiliformisEngelm。Wisliz。Rep。113(1848),notScheer(1850)。
Ovate-conical,3。5to10cm。high,4to7cm。indiameterbelow,withdenselywoollyvertex,simple:tuberclesconical,about12
mm,long,closelyappressed-imbricate("givingtheplanttheappearanceofapineappleorcone"):radialspines10to16,ashytowhite,straightandstout,6to10mm。long,theupperlonger(10to15mm。);centralspines3to5,stouter,brownish-black,10to16mm。long,thetwoorthreesmalleroneserect-spreading,thesingleloweronemorerigid,porrectordeflexed,15to20
mm。long:flowers2to3cmlongandwide,deeppurple:fruitunknown。(Ill。DC。Mem。Cact。t。2)Typeunknown。
Onrocks,CoahuilaandNuevoLeontoSanLuisPotosiandsouthernMexico。
Specimensexamined:Coahuila(Palmer378of1882;Pringle3117of1890):NuevoLeon(Wislizenusof1847):SanLuisPotosi(Poselgerof1851;Eschanzierof1891)。
55。Cactuspotsii(Scheer)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。261(1891)。
MamillariapotsiiScheerinSalmCact。Hort。Dyck。104(1850)。
Cylindrical,30to35cm。high,2。5to3cm。indiameter,somewhatbranching:tuberclesovate,obtuse,verylightlysulcate,withsomewhatwoollyaxils:radialspinesverynumerous(entirelycoveringthewholeplant),slenderandwhite;centralspines6to12,stouterfromabroadbase:flowerslarge,green,orreddish:fruitred。Typeunknown。
FromtheRioGranderegion,nearLaredo,Texas,toChihuahua。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Poselgerof1851):Chihuahua(specimensfromColl。Salm-Dyck。)。
56。Cactustuberculosus(Engelm。)Kuntze,Rev。Gen。Pl。261
(1891)。
MamillariastrobiliformisScheerinSalmCact。Hort。Dyck。104
(1850),notMuhlenpf。(1848),norEngelm。(1848)。
MamillariatuberculosaEngelm。Syn。Cact。268(1856)。
Ovatetocylindrical,5to15cm。high,2。5to5cm。indiameter,simpleorbranchingatbase:tuberclesshort-ovatefromabroadbase,5to6mm。long,deeplygrooved,crowdedandimbricate,atlengthcoveringtheolderpartsasnakedandgraycorkyprotuberances:radialspines20to30,slenderbutstiff,white,radiantandinterwovenwithadjacentclusters,4to8mm。long(uppermostrarely10to12mm。);centralspines5to9,stouter,purplishabove,theupperoneslonger,erect,10to14mm。long(sometimeseven16to18mm。),theloweroneshorter(6to8
mm。),stout,porrectordeflexed:flowersabout2。5cm。indiameter,palepurple:fruitoval,elongated(sometimesalmostcylindric),red,about18mm。long:seedssubglobose,brownandpitted,verysmall(0。8to1。2mm。long)。(Ill。Cact。Mex。
Bound。t。12。figs。1-16)TypeofScheer’sstrobiliformisisunknown;butthespecimensofPrinceSalm-DyckinHerb。Mo。Bot。
Gard。aremarked"authentic"byDr。Engelmann。TheWrightspecimensinthesameHerb,representthetypeofMtuberculosaEngelm。
FromthemountainsofextremesouthwesternTexas(commonwestofDevil’sRiver),southwardintoChihuahuaandCoahuila。Fl。
May-June。
Specimensexamined:Texas(Wright18,19,20,23,24,29,30,31,32,535,of1849and1852;Bigelowof1852;Engelmann,withnonumberordate;Evansof1891):Chihuahua(Pringle250,251inpart,and258of1885):Coahuila(Palmerof1880):alsospecimensfromColl。Salm。Dyckin1857;alsogrowinginMoBot。Gard。1893
(specimens,sentbyG。G。Briggsin1892fromElPaso,Texas。
TheidentificationofEngelmann’stuberculosawithScheer’sstrobiliformiswasmadebyDr。EngelmannhimselfuponanexaminationofScheer’stype。Theuseofthespecificnametuberculosaisnecessitatedbythelawofhomonyms,asstrobiliformishadbeenusedtwicealreadybeforeitwastakenupbyScheer。M。strobiliformisMuhlenpf。isC。scolymoidessulcatus;andM。strobiliformisEngelm。isC。conoideus。
57。CactusviviparusNutt。inFraser’sCat。(1813)。
MamillariaviviparaHaw。Syn。Succ。Suppl。72(1819)。
Lowanddepressed-globose,usuallyproliferousandcespitose(forminglargemasses),butsometimessimple:tuberclestereteandloose,lightlygrooved:radialspines12to20,stiffandwhite,oftendark-tipped,6to8mm。long;centralspinesusually4(sometimesless,oftenmore,evenasmanyas8),brownish,8to12mm。long,3spreadingupwards,theloweststouterandshorteranddeflexed:flowersabout3。5cm。long(largeforthesizeoftheplant)andevenbroaderwhenexpanded,brightpurple:stigmaspointedwithashortmucro:fruitoval,palegreen,juicy,12to18mm。long:seedsyellowish-brown,obliquelyobovateandcurvedaboutthesmallhilum,1。4to1。6mm。long)。(Ill。Cact。Mex。
Bound。t。74。fig。3,seeds)Typeunknown。
Onthenorthwesternplains,fromtheboundaryprovincesofBritishAmerica(westernManitoba,AssiniboiaandAlberta),andthroughouttheUpperMissouriregion,southwardthroughwesternNebraskatowesternKansasandtotheeasternfoothillsofcentralColorado。ItisalsomentionedbyHowell(Cat。ofOregon,WashingtonandIdahoplants),asoccurringbeyondtheRockyMountaindivideinIdahoandWashington,whichisprobable,butnospecimenshavebeenseen。
Specimensexamined:Montana(Hayden,nos。1854,1855;VernonBaileyof1890,nearBridger):Colorado(Haydenof1869):
Nebraska(Rydberg1379of1893,ThomasCo。):alsospecimenscultivatedinSt。Louisin1869;alsogrowinginMo。Bot。Gard。
1893。