Tomakeamentalimageofallthingsthatarenamedtotheear，orconceivedinthemind，beinganindustriouscustomofchildrenandchildishpeoplewhichlapsesintheageofmuchidlereading，themakingofamaterialimageisthestillmorediligentandmoresedulousact，wherebytheprimitivemancontrolsandcaresseshisownfancy。Hemaytakearmsanon，disappointed，againsthisownwork；butdidheeverdothatworkinmalicefromtheoutset？
Fromthestatuetothedoll，imagesarealloutragedinthepersonoftheguy。Ifitwerebutanantithesistothecitizen’sideaofsomethingadmirablewhichhemightcarryinprocessiononsomeotherday，thecarryingoftheguywouldbelessgloomy；buthewouldhootatasuspicionthathemightadmireanythingsomuchastomakeagood—lookingdollinitspraise。Thereisabsolutelynoimage—
makingartinthepracticeofourpeople，exceptonlythisartofragsandcontumely。Or，again，iftherevengetakenuponaguywerethatofangerforacertaincause，thedestructionwouldnotbetheworkofsothinanannualmaliceandofsoheartlessarancour。
Butthesinglemotiveisthatpopularironywhichbecomesdaily——orsoitseems——moreandmoretheholidaytemperofthemajority。
Mockeryistheonlyanimatingimpulse，andaloudincredulityistheonlyintelligence。Theymakeanimageofsomeoneinwhomtheydonotbelieve，toderideit。Saythattheguyistheeffigyofanagitatorinthecauseofsomethingtobedesired；thestreetmanandboyhavethentwomotivesofmocking：theythinkthereformtobenotworthdoing，andtheyarewillingtosuspectthereformerofsomekindofhypocrisy。PerhapstheguyofthisoccasionismostcharacteristicofallguysinLondon。Thepeople，havinghimorhertoderide，donotevenwaitfortheopportunityoftheirannualprocession。Theyanticipatetime，andmakeanimagewhenitisnotNovember，andsellitatthemarketofthekerb。
Hear，moreover，thesongswhichsomenamelessonemakesforthecitizens，perhapsinthoughtfulrenunciationofthemakingoftheirlaws。These，too，seemtohavefortheirinspirationtheuniversaltaunt。Theyare，indeed，mostinvoguewhentheyhavenomeaningatall——thisitisthatmakesthesuccesfou（andhereParisisofonemindwithLondon）ofthestreet；butshortofsuchatriumph，andwhenameaningisdiscernible，itisanirony。
BankHolidaycourtship（iftheinappropriatewordcanbepardoned）
seemstobedone，inreallife，entirelybybanter。Anditisthestrangestthingtofindthatthebanterofwomenbymenisthemostmockingintheexchange。Iftheburlesqueofthemaid’stongueisprovocative，thatoftheman’sisderisive。Somewhatoftheorderofthingsastheystoodbeforetheywereinvertedseemstoremain，nevertheless，asamemory；nay，togivetheinversionakindoflagginginterest。Ironyismademorecompletebytheremembrance，andbyanimplicitallusiontothestateofcourtshipinotherclasses，countries，ortimes。Suchanallusionnodoubtgivesallitspeculiartwangtotheburlesqueoflove。
WiththemoststrangesubmissiontheseEnglishwomenintheirmillionsundergoalldegreesofderisionfromthetonguesofmenwhoaretheirmates，equals，contemporaries，perhapsinsomeobscuresensetheirsuitors，andinastrollingmanner，withoneknowsnotwhatungainlymotiveofreserve，eventheiradmirers。Norfromtheirtonguesonly；for，topassthetime，theholidayswainannoysthegirl；andifhewearsherhat，itistentoonethathehaspluckeditoffwithahumorousdisregardofherdreadfulpins。
Wehavetobelievethatunmockedlovehasexistenceinthestreets，becauseoftheproofthatispublishedwhenamanshootsawomanwhohasrejectedhim；andfromthisalsodowelearntobelievethatawomanoftheburlesqueclassesisabletoreject。Butforthatsignweshouldfindlittleornothingintelligibleinwhatweseeoroverhearofthedramaofloveinpopularlife。
Initseasymoments，initsleisure，atholidaytime，itbafflesalltradition，andshowsusthespiritofcomedyclowningafterafashionthatisinsularandnotmerelycivic。Youhearthesametwangincountryplaces；andwhethertheEnglishmaid，having，liketheantique，thrownherappleathershepherd，runintothethicketsofHampsteadHeathoramongsylvantrees，itseemsthatthemosthumorousthingtobedonebytheswainwouldbe，intheopinioninvogue，tostrollanotherway。InsularIhavesaid，becauseIhavenotseenthelikeofthisfashionwhetherinAmericaorelsewhereinEurope。
Butthechiefinversionofall，provedsummarilybytheannualinversionoftheworshipofimagesonthefifthofNovember，isthatofasentenceofWordsworth’s——"Welivebyadmiration。"
DRYAUTUMN
OnewhohasmuchandoftenprotestedagainsttheseasonofAutumn，herpathos，herchillybreakfast—time，her"tints，"herdecay，andherextraordinarypopularity，sawcauseoneyeartomakeapartialrecantation。Autumn，untilthen，hadseemedtobeapractitionerofalltheeasyartsatonce，orrather，shehadtakentheeasywaywiththeartsofcolour，sentiment，suggestion，andregret。
Shehadoftenencouragedandrewarded，also，theingratitudeofawholenationforasplendidsummer，somewhatofficiouslycooling，refreshing，allaying，andcomfortingthediscontentofthevictimsofanEnglishsun。Shehadsoothedthefumingcitizen，andbroughtbackthefogsofcustom，effacedtheskies，towhichhehadupturnednoveryattentiveeye，muffleduphischin，andinmanyotherwayscurriedfavour。Notonlydidshefallinwithhislandscapemood，butshemadeherselfhishousematebyhisfireplaces，drewhiscurtains，shutoutherownwetwindsinthestreets，andbecameprivytothecommonercomfortsofman，likeawildcreaturetamedandconnivingathumansportandschemes。"Domesticated"Gothicitself，orthegovernesseswhodailybyadvertisementdescribethemselvesbythatsamestrangemodernadjective，couldnotbemorebentupontheflatteryofmaninhislessheroicmoments。
Autumn，forallhershowofstormywoods，isapttobetheaccompliceofdailyhumanthingsthatlackdignity，andare，inthenowacceptedsenseofaoncenobleword，comfortable。Besides，hershowofstormyforestsisdonewithanabandonmenttothepathosofthemoment，withdashingsandunderlinings——weallknowthesortofletter，forinstance，whichanswerstothemessageandproclamationofAutumn，assheusuallyisintheouterworld。Acompletesentimentalistisshe，whetherintheopencountryorwhenshelooksinatthelightedwindows，andgoodnaturedlymakeshervoicelikeaverygoblin’soutside，fortheincreasingofthebourgeois’bien—
etre。
Butthatyearallhadbeenotherwise。Autumnhadborneherselfwithaheroismofsunnyweather。Wherewehadbeenwonttoseesignalsofdistress，andtohearthevolubleoutpouringofanexcitabletemperament，withtheextremityofscatteredleavesanddesperatedamp，webeheldanaspectofgoldendrought。Nothingmouldered——
everythingwasconsumedbyvitalfires。Thegardenswerestrewnwithsmoulderingsoftashesoflateroses，latehoneysuckle，honey—
sweetclematis。Thesilverseedsofrowsofriversideflowerstooksailontheirrandomjourneywithalightwind。Leavessetforth，afewatatime，withalittlevolleyofbirds——abuoyantcaravel。
Or，inthestillerweather，theinfrequentfallofleavestookplacequietly，withnoproclamationofruin，intheprivacywithinthebranches。Whilenearlyallthewoodswerestillfreshasstreams，youmightseethathereortherewasone，withaninvinciblesummersmile，slowlyconsuming，indefianceofdecay。Lifedestroyedthatautumn，notdeath。
Thenovelistwouldbeatalosshadweanumberofsuchyears。Hewouldlosetheeasiestlandscape——fortheautumnhasamongherfacilewaysthewayofallowingherselftobedescribedbyrote。
Buttherewerenoregionsofcrimsonwoodsandyellow——onlythegrave，cool，andcheerfulgreenofthehealthofsummer，andnowandthenthatdeepbronzingoftheleavesthatthesunbroughttopass。
Neverdidappleslookbetterthaninthosestillvigorousorchards。
Theyshonesothatlampswouldhardlybebrighter。Theapple—
gathering，undersuchasun，wasnearlyaswarmandbrilliantasavintage；andindeeditwasoftheItalianautumnthatyouwerereminded。Therewerethesamesunburnttones，thesamebrownhealth。TherewasthedarksmileofchestnutwoodsasamongtheApennines。
Foritwaschieflywithinthewoodsthatthesplendidautumnwithoutpathosgavedelight。Theautumnwithpathoshasawaythereofoverwhelminghermanyfragrancesinthegeneralodourofdeadleavesgeneralized。Thatyearyoucouldbreathealltheseveralsweetscents，asdiscriminatedanddistinctasthoseofflowersonthetopsofmountains——warmpineandbeechasdifferentasthymeandbroom，unconfused。EventheSpring，withherlittledividedbreezesofhawthorn，rose，andlilac，wasnotmorevarious。
Moreover，whilesomeofthewoodsweregreen，noneofthefieldswereso。Intheirsunburntcoloursweretobeseen"autumntints"
ofafardifferentbeautyfromthatofagaudydecay。Dryautumnisageneralloverofsimplicity，andshesweepsalandscapewithlongplaincoloursthattaketheirvariationsfromthelight。Whenthecountrylooks"burntup，"astheysaywhoareungratefulforthesun，thenarethesecoloursmosttender。Grass，thathadlostitsdelicacyinthedaywhenthelasthaywascarried，getsitagain。
Foralittletimeitwas——new—reaped——ofsomethingtoohardagreen；
thencamedryautumnalong，andsofteneditintoahundredexquisitebrowns。Dryautumndoesbeautifulthingsinsepia，asthewater—
colourartistdidintheearlydays，anddrawsdivinebrownTurnersofthefirstmanner。
Thefieldsandhedgerowsmustneedsfade，andthesunmadethefadingquickwiththebloomofbrown。Foronegreatmeadowsosoftlygilded，Iwouldgiveallthescarletandyellowtreesthatevermadeasteamingautumngorgeous——allthecrimsonoftheRhinevalleys，allthepatchedandspottedwalnut—leavesofthemuhl—thalbyBoppard，andthelittletreesthatchangesosuddenlytotheiryellowofdecayingroupsatthefootoftheruinsofSternbergandLiebenstein，everyoneoftheirbranchesdisguisedinthesamebright，insignificant，unhopefulcolour。
Anautumnsorareshouldnotclosewithoutarecorded"hailandfarewell!"Springwasnotbraver，summerwasnotsweeter。Thatyear’sgreatsuncalleduponagreatspiritinalltheriversidewoods。Thosewoodsdidnotgrowcold；theyyieldedtotheirlastsunset。
THEPLAID
ItisdisconcertingtohearoftheplaidinIndia。Ourdyes，weknow，theyuseinthesilkmillsofBombay，withthedeplorableresultthattheiroldclothesaredullandunintentionallyfalsifiedwithinfelicitousdecay。TheHindusareawashingpeople；andthesunandwaterthatdobutdim，soften，andwarmthenativevegetabledyestothelast，dobutburlesquetheaniline。Magentaisbadenoughwhenitisitself；buttheworstofmagentaisthatitspoilsbutpoorly。Nobadmodernformsandnobadmoderncoloursspoilwell。Andspoilingisanimportantprocess。Itisatest——oneoftheironicalteststhatcometoolatewiththeirproofs。Londonportico—houseswillmakesomesuchruinsasdochemicaldyes，whichundergonousebutderidesthem，noaccidentsbutcaricaturethem。
Thisisanoldenoughgrievance。Buttheplaid!
TheplaidistheScotchman’scontributiontothedecorativeartoftheworld。Scotlandhasnootherindigenousdecoration。Inhismostadmirablelectureon"TheTwoPaths，"Ruskinacknowledged，withapassingmisgiving，thathisHighlandershadlittleart。Andthemisgivingwasbutpassing，becauseheconsideredhowfatallywrongwastheartofIndia——"itneverrepresentsanaturalfact。Itformsitscompositionsoutofmeaninglessfragmentsofcolourandflowingsofline……Itwillnotdrawaman，butaneight—armedmonster；itwillnotdrawaflower，butonlyaspiralorazig—zag。"BecauseofthisaversionfromNaturetheHinduandhisarttendedtoevil，weread。ButoftheScotwearetold，"YouwillfinduponreflectionthatallthehighestpointsoftheScottishcharacterareconnectedwithimpressionsderivedstraightfromthenaturalsceneryoftheircountry。"
What，then，abouttheplaid？Whereisthenaturalfactthere？IftheIndian，bypractisinganon—naturalartofspiralsandzig—zags，cutshimselfoff"fromallpossiblesourcesofhealthyknowledgeornaturaldelight，"towhatdidthegoodandhealthyHighlandercondemnhimselfbypractisingtheartoftheplaid？Aspiralmaybefoundinthevine，andazig—zaginthelightning，butwhereinnatureistheplaidtobefound？Thereissurelynocurveorcurlthatcanbedrawnbyadesigninghandbutisaplayuponsomeinfinitelyvariousnaturalfact。Thesmokeofthecigarette，moresensitiveinmotionthanbreathorblood，hasitswavessomultitudinouslyinflectedandreinflected，withsuchflightsandsuchdelays，itflowsandbendsuponcurrentsofsosubtleinfluenceandimpulseastoincludethemostactive，impetuous，andlingeringcurlseverdrawnbythefinestOrientalhand——andthatisnotaHinduhand，noranyhandofAryanrace。TheJapanesehascapturedthecurveofthesectionofasea—wave——itsflow，relaxation，andfall；butthisisasinglemovement，whereasthelineofcigarette—
smokeinastillroomfluctuatesintwentydelicatedirections。No，itisimpossibletoacceptthesayingthatthepoorspiralorscrollofahumandesignisanythingbutaparticipationintheinnumerablecurvesandcurlsofnature。
Nowtheplaidisnotonly"cutoff"fromnaturalsources，asRuskinsaysofOrientaldesign——theplaidisnotonlycutofffromnature，andcutofffromnaturebytheyard，foritistobemeasuredoffininorganicquantity；butitisevenakindofintentionalcontradictionofallnaturalorvitalforms。Anditisequallydefiantofvitaltoneandofvitalcolour。Everywhereinnaturetoneisgradual，andbetweenthefaintingofatoneandthefailingofacurvethereisacharminganalogy。Butthetartaninsiststhatitstoneshallbeinvariable，andsharplydefinedbycontrastsofdarkandlight。Astocolour，ithascolours，notcolour。
ButthatplaidshouldnowgosofarafieldastodecoratethenoblegarmentoftheIndiesisillnews。True，RuskinsawnothingbutcrueltyandcorruptioninIndianlifeorart；butletushearanIndianmaximinregardtothosewho，incruelplaces，arereadysufferers："There，"saystheMahabharata，"wherewomenaretreatedwithrespect，theverygodsaresaidtobefilledwithjoy。Womendeservetobehonoured。Serveyethem。Bendyourwillbeforethem。
Byhonouringwomenyearesuretoattaintothefruitionofallthings。"AndtherashteachersofouryouthwouldhavepersuadedusthatthisgenerouslessonwasfirstlearntinTeutonicforests!
Nothingbutextremelowlinesscanwellreply，orwouldprobablybesufferedtoreply，tothisHinduprofessionofreverence。
Accordinglythewomansohonouredmakesanofferingofcakesandoiltothesoulsofhermother—in—law，grandmother—in—law，andgreat—
grandmother—in—law，ingratitudefortheirgivingheragoodhusband。AndtogobackforamomenttoRuskin’scontrastofthetworaces，itwasassuredlyunderthestressofsometoorashreasoningthathejudgedthelovelyartoftheEastasaministranttosuperstition，cruelty，andpleasure，whetherwroughtuponthetemple，thesword，orthegirdle。TheinnocentartofinnocentHinduwomenforcenturiesdeckedtheirmostmodestheads，theirdedicatedandsequesteredbeauty，theirchild—lovingbreasts，andconsecratedchambers。
TWOBURDENS
Oneisonthebreastandclingstherewitharms，andoneonthebackandclingswiththongs。Theburdenofthebackbowsthebody，turnsthefacefromthesky，narrowsthelungsandflattensthefoot；
takesawaytheflightandthedancefromthegaitofman，andtieshimtowardstheearth——notonlyinthewayofnature，bymeansofhisarchedfeet，butbyaheavylienuponhisshouldersandhisbrows。Itisthefardelthatmakesthisvitalfiguretobesubjectvisibly，andatseveralpoints，tothatlawofgravitationwhich，inastateofliberty，itusestowithstand，tocountervail，toleapfrom，towalkwith，makingtheuniversaltetherelastic。Bendintwothissupplespinethatcanliftitself，likeasnakeerect，withsomethingbetterthanmerebalance——withlifeandtheactivewill；
bendtheback，andatoncegravitationtakesholdoftheloinsandgraspstheknees，andpullsupontheshoulders，andtheneckfeelstheweightofanabjecthead。
Whereverwomenaretoldofftohardopen—airlabour，weshallfindamongthemalowerclassoftheirownkind——poorerwhereallarepoor，andstrainingattheirtaskwhereallarelabouring——whowalkthedustwithburdensontheirbacks。Loadsoffield—labourarethese，orofthelabourinafishing—port，andlargeinproportiontotheirweight；toolargetobeboundcloseandcarriedonthehead，toowidetobeborneontheshoulder，toounwieldyfortheclaspofarms。AmongAmericanIndians，wearetold，thewomencarrythetentso，andthegearofademenagement，andthewarriorhimself，uponhisgoods，notseldom。IntheagricultureoftheEuropeanContinentthewomencarrythelargeloadsthus，therefuseislaiduponthem，andallthatisboundupforburning；theyarethegleaners，notofwheatbutoftares。Ortheycarryfodderfortheimprisonedcattle，disappearingastheywalk，bowed，quenched，hooded，andhiddenwithhay。
Womenwhobearthisloaddonotprosper。Theyhaveadownwardlook，albeitnotasconspirators；andinthemtheearthcarriesaburdenliketheirown，orbutlittlemorebuoyant。Stonesoffthefaceofthestonyfields，hugesheavesofstalksandhusksaftergranariesarefilled，fuelandforage——bentfromthestatureofwomen，thosewhobearthosebundlesgoneartheearththatgavethem，andbreatheherdust。
InAustria，wherewomencarrythehodandclimbtheladder；intheRhineland，whereacartgoesalongthevalleyroadsdrawnbyawomanharnessedwithacow——evenhereIthinkthehardshiphardlysogreataswheretheburdenislaiduponthebentbackofherwhosearmsaretoosmallortooweaktograspit；forafterlonguseinsuchcarrying，thefigureisnolongerfitforhabitualerection。Andtheuseisestablishedwiththosewomenwhoaresoloaded。Itisnotthatallthelabouringwomenofsuchavillageorsuchasea—
portareburdenedintheirturnwiththeburdenoftheback；itisratherthataclassisformed，aclassoftheburdenedandthebent；
andtothatclassbelongallages；child—bearingwomenareinthatsisterhood。NostrongerwomencanbeseenthantheuprightwomenofBoulogne；towhomthen，butthebent，areduethemanycripples，themanydwarfs，theill—bonedstragglersofthatvigorouspopulation，themanychildrengrowingawry，themanyoldpeopleshufflingtowardsmisshapengraves？
Thereismanifestlyanotherburden，familiarandaccustomedtothefigureofwoman。Thisdoesnotbendherback，norwithdrawhereyesfromthedistance，norrankherwiththehaggardwasteoffields。
Itisborneinfront，andshebreaststheworldwithit；shoulder—
high，anditisherballast。SoloadedshestandsliketheDresdenRaphael，andthereisnobearerofswordandbucklermoreerect。
Itis，bytheway，acurioussignofindignityofrace——or，ifnotindignity，provincialism——inthemoreextremelyOrientalpeople，thataJapanesewomancarriesherchildonherbackandnotuponherarm。Itisacharminginfant，andthemotherlooksnomorethanagentlechild；withthelittlecreatureboundtoherbackshecarriesasoftlanterninamildbluenight。Sheisnotofaclassicrace，andsheshufflesonhersubordinateway，anirresponsiblecreature，whomustnotprofferopinionsexceptbywayofquotation，andisscarcelyoftheinchesthatmeasurethelandscapeoroftheaspectthatfrontsthesky。
Butwhenceisthisnowprevalentdesiretoslipthenoblerandbeartheignoblerburden？ItisnotlongsinceanAmericanwomanwroteabook，WomenandEconomics，urgingequallabouruponwomen，bytheanalogyofanimalsthatknownodistinctionbetweenastrongsexandaweak，norbetweenafreesexandoneconfinedtothepen，orthelair，orthecover，bythecareoflittleones。Thereplyseemstooobviousthatthechildrenofmenaremorehelpless，andarehelplessforalongertime，eveninproportiontotheirlongerlife，thantheoff—springofotherlivingcreatures。Thechildrenofmenhavetobecarried。Thisauthorcomplainsthatwomenareeconomicallydependentuponmen；andshefindsthattheworldhas"mistyideasuponthesubject。"Ifthosemistyideasaretotheeffectthatawomanwhokeepshousefortheserviceofherself，herhusband，andtheotherinmates，givesherworkinreturnformaintenance，andisnotadependentbutacolleague，Imustwishthatideas"mistily"
heldwereoftensojust，andideasvaguelybelievedwereoftensowellfounded。Thosewhochargethehusbandwith"employing"hiswifechoosetoneglectthefactthatsheismistressandhostess，aswellas"servant"or"housekeeper，"ministeringtoherselfandtotheguestsinwhosecompanyshehaspleasure，andtowhoserespectshehasaright。Oureconomicauthorproceeds："Wearetheonlyanimalspeciesinwhichthesexrelationisalsoaneconomicfactor……Wehavenotbeenaccustomedtofacethisfactbeyondourloosegeneralizationthatitwas’natural，’andthatotheranimalsdidsotoo。"Hasanyonereallybeensorashastoaver"thatotheranimalsdidsotoo"？Theobvioustruthisthatotheranimalsdootherwise，butthat，whatevertheydo，theymakenoruleorexampleforman。
Again："Whatevertheeconomicvalueofthedomesticindustryofwomenis，theydonotgetit。Thewomenwhodothemostworkgettheleastmoney。"Andyetbutnowtheywerechargedwith"gettingit"toodependently，orrather，withhavingit"got"forthembyman!Isthiswriterindeedmisledbythatmereword"money，"whichshehereletsslip？
"Henearlypersuadesmetogoonallfours，"sighsVoltairerising——
risingerectreluctantly，onemayalmostsay——fromthereadingofRousseau。
THEUNREADY
Itisrashlysaidthatthesensesofchildrenarequick。Theyare，onthecontrary，unwieldyinturning，unreadyinreporting，untiladvancingageteachesthemagility。Thisisnotlackofsensitiveness，butmerelengthofprocess。Forinstance，achildnearlynewlyborniscruellystartledbyasuddencrashintheroom—
—achildwhohasneverlearnttofear，andismerelyovercomebytheshockofsound；nevertheless，thatshockofsounddoesnotreachtheconscioushearingorthenervesbutaftersomemoments，norbeforesomemomentsmoreisthesenseoftheshockexpressed。Thesoundtravelstotheremotenessandseclusionofthechild’sconsciousness，astheroarofaguntravelstolistenershalfamileaway。
Soitis，too，withpain，whichhaslearnttobesoinstantandeagerwithusoflateragethatnopointoftimeislostinitstouches——directastheuninterceptedmessageofgreatandcandideyes，unhamperedbytrivialities；evensoimmediateisthecommunicationofpain。Butyoucouldcountfivebetweentheprickofasurgeon’sinstrumentuponababy’sarmandthelittlewhimperthatanswersit。Thechildisthentooyoung，also，toreferthefeelingofpaintothearmthatsuffersit。Evenwhenpainhasgropeditswaytohismindithardlyseemstobringlocaltidingsthither。Thebabydoesnotturnhiseyesinanydegreetowardshisarmortowardsthesidethatissovexedwithvaccination。Helooksinanyotherdirectionathaphazard，andcriesatrandom。
See，too，howslowlytheunpractisedapprehensionofanolderchildtrudgesafterthenimblenessofaconjurer。Itisthegreatestfailuretotaketheselittlegobe—mouchestoagoodconjurer。Hissuccessesleavethemcold，fortheyhadnotyetunderstoodwhatitwasthegoodmanmeanttosurprisethemwithal。Theamateuritiswhoreallyastonishesthem。Theycannotcomeupevenwithyouramateurbeginner，performingatclosequarters；whereasthemasterofhiscraftonaplatformrunsquiteawayattheoutsetfromthelaggingsensesofhishonestaudience。
Youmayrobachildofhisdearestplateattable，almostfromunderhisingenuouseyes，sendhimoffinchaseofit，andhaveitinitsplaceandoffagaintentimesbeforethelittlebreathlessboyhasbeguntoperceiveinwhatdirectionhissweetshavebeensnatched。
Teachersofyoungchildrenshouldthereforeteachthemselvesahabitofawaiting，shouldsurroundthemselveswithpausesofpatience。
Thesimplelittleprocessesoflogicthatarrangethegrammarofacommonsentencearetooquickfortheseyoungblunderers，whocannotusetwopronounsbuttheymustconfusethem。Ineverfoundthatayoungchild——oneofsomethingundernineyears——wasabletosay，"I
sendthemmylove"atthefirstattempt。Itwillbe"Isendmemylove，""Isendthemtheirlove，""Theysendmemylove"；not，ofcourse，throughanyconfusionofunderstanding，butbecauseofthetardysettingofwordsinorderwiththethoughts。Thechildvisiblygrappleswiththedifficulty，andisbeaten。
Itisnodoubtthisunreadinessthatcauseslittlechildrentoliketwice—toldtalesandforegoneconclusionsintheirgames。Theyarenoteager，forayearortwoyettocome，forsurprises。Ifyouhideandtheycannotseeyouhiding，theirjoyinfindingyouiscomparativelysmall；butletthemknowperfectlywellwhatcupboardyouarein，andtheywillfindyouwithshoutsofdiscovery。Thebetterthehiding—placeisunderstoodbetweenyouthemorelivelythedrama。Theymakeaconventionofartfortheirplay。Theyoungerthechildrenthemoredramatic；andwhenthehouseisfilledwithoutcriesoflaughterfromthebreathlessbreastofachild，itisthatheispretendingtobesurprisedatfindinghismotherwherehebadeherpretendtohide。Thisisthecomedythatnevertires。
Lettheelderwhocannotunderstanditscharmbewarehowhetriestoputamoreintelligibleformofdelightintheplaceofit；for，ifnot，hewillfindthatchildrenalsohaveamannerofsubstitution，andthattheywillputhalf—heartedlaughterintheplaceoftheirnaturalimpetuousclamours。Itiscertainthatveryyoungchildrenliketoplayupontheirownimaginations，andenjoytheirownshortgame。
Thereissomethingsopurelychildlikeinthedelaysofachildthatanyexerciseaskingfortheswiftapprehensionoflaterlife，fortheflashesofunderstandingandaction，fromthemindandmembersofchildhood，isnopleasuretosee。Thepiano，forinstance，asexpertsunderstandit，andevenasthemoderately—trainedmayplayit，claimsalltheimmediateaction，theinstantaneousness，mostunnaturaltochildhood。Theremaypossiblybefeatsofskilltowhichyoungchildrencouldbetrainedwithoutthisspecificviolencedirecteduponthethingcharacteristicoftheirage——theirunreadiness——butvirtuosityatthepianocannotbeoneofthem。Itisnodelight，indeed，toseetheshynessofchildren，oranythingthatistheirs，conqueredandbeaten；buttheirpoorlittleslownessissodistinctivelytheirown，andmustneedsbephysiologicallysopropertotheiryears，somuchanaturalconditionoftheageoftheirbrain，thatofallchildishnessesitistheonethattheworldshouldhavethepatiencetoattendupon，thehumanitytofoster，andtheintelligencetounderstand。
Itistruethatthemovementsofyoungchildrenarequick，butaverylittleattentionwouldprovehowmanyapparentdisconnexionstherearebetweenthelivelymotionandthefirstimpulse；itisnotthebrainthatisquick。If，onavoyageinspace，electricitytakesthusmuchtime，andlightthusmuch，andsoundthusmuch，thereisonelittlejoggingtravellerthatwouldarriveaftertheothershadforgottentheirjourney，andthisistheperceptionofachild。Surelyourownmemoriesmightservetoremindushowinourchildhoodweinevitablymissedtheprincipalpointinanyprocessionorpageantintendedbyourelderstofurnishuswithahistoricalremembranceforthefuture。Itwasnotourmerevaguenessofunderstanding，itwastheunwieldinessofoursenses，ofourreplytothesuddennessofthegrownup。WelivedthroughtheimportantmomentsofthepassingofanEmperoratadifferentratefromtheirs；westaredlonginthewakeofhisMajesty，andofanythingelseofinterest；everyflashofmovement，thatgottelegraphicanswersfromourparents’eyes，leftusstragglers。Wefelloutofallranks。Amongthesightsproposedforourinstruction，thatwhichbefittedusbestwasaneclipseofthemoon，doneatleisure。
Ingoodtimewefoundthemooninthesky，ingoodtimetheeclipsesetinandmadereasonableprogress；wekeptupwitheverything。
Itistoooftenrequiredofchildrenthattheyshouldadjustthemselvestotheworld，practisedandalert。Butitwouldbemoretothepurposethattheworldshouldadjustitselftochildreninallitsdealingswiththem。Thosewhorunandkeeptogetherhavetorunatthepaceofthetardiest。Butweareapttocommandinstantobedience，strippedofthelittlepausesthatachild，whileveryyoung，cannotactwithout。Itisnotachildoftenortwelvethatneedsthemso；itistheyoungcreaturewhohasbutlatelyceasedtobeababy，slowtobestartled。
Wehavebuttoconsiderallthatitimpliesoftheloiteringofsensesandofanunpreparedconsciousness——thiscapacityforreceivingagreatshockfromanoiseandthisperceptionoftheshockaftertwoorthreeappreciablemoments——ifwewouldknowanythingofthemomentsofababyEvenaswemustlearnthatourtime，whenitislong，istoolongforchildren，somustwelearnthatourtime，whenitisshort，istooshortforthem。Whenitisexceedinglyshorttheycannot，withoutanunnaturaleffort，haveanyperceptionofit。Whenchildrendonotseethejokesoftheelderly，anddisappointexpectationinotherways，onlylessintimate，thereasonisalmostalwaysthere。Thechildcannotturninmid—career；hegoesfast，buttheimpetustookplacemomentsago。
THECHILDOFTUMULT
Apoppybud，packedintotightbundlesbysohardandresoluteahandthatthepetalsoftheflowerneverafterwardslosethecreases，isatypeofthechild。Nothingbuttheunfolding，whichisasyetinthenon—existingfuture，canexplainthemanneroftheclosefoldingofcharacter。Inbothflowerandchilditlooksmuchasthoughtheprocesshadbeenthereverseofwhatitwas——asthoughafinishedandopenthinghadbeenfoldedupintothebud——soplainlyandcertainlyisthefutureimplied，andtheintentionofcompressingandfolding—closemademanifest。
Withtheotherincidentsofchildishcharacter，thecrowdofimpulsescalled"naughtiness"isperfectlyperceptible——itwouldseemheartlesstosayhowsoon。Thenaughtychild（whoisoftenanangeloftendernessandcharm，affectionatebeyondthecapacityofhisfellows，andaveryasceticofpenitencewhenthetimecomes）
opensearlyhisbriefcampaignsandraisesthestandardofrevoltassoonasheiscapableofthedesperatejoysofdisobedience。
Buteventhenaughtychildisanindividual，andmustnotbetreatedinthemass。Heisnumerousindeed，butnotgeneral，andtodescribehimyoumusttaketheunit，withallhisincidentsandhisorganicqualitiesastheyare。Takethen，forinstance，onenaughtychildintherealityofhislife。Heisbutsixyearsold，slenderandmasculine，andnotwrongedbylonghair，curls，oreffeminatedress。HisfaceisdelicateandtoooftenhaggardwithtearsofpenitencethatJusticeherselfwouldbegladtosparehim。Somebeautyhehas，andhismouthespeciallyissolovelyastoseemnotonlyangelicbutitselfanangel。Hehasabsolutelynoself—controlandhispassionsfindhimwithoutdefence。Theycomeuponhiminthemidstofhisusualbrilliantgaietyandcutshortthefroliccomedyofhisfinespirits。
Thenforawildhourheistheenemyofthelaws。Ifyouimprisonhim，youmayhearhisresoundingvoiceashetakesarunningkickatthedoor，shoutinghisjustificationinunconquerablerage。"I’mgoodnow!"ismadeasemphaticasashotbytheblowofhisheeluponthepanel。Butifthemomentofforgivenessisdeferred，inthehopeofamorepromisingrepentance，itisonlytoolikelythathewillbetakehimselftoahostilesilenceandusealltherevengeyetknowntohisimagination。"Darlingmother，openthedoor!"
crieshistouchingvoiceatlast；butiftheanswershouldbe"I
mustleaveyouforashorttime，forpunishment，"thestormsuddenlythundersagain。"There（crash!）Ihavebrokenaplate，andI’mgladitisbrokenintosuchlittlepiecesthatyoucan’tmendit。I’mgoingtobreakthe’lectriclight。"Whenthingsareatthispassthereisoneway，andonlyone，tobringthechildtoanoverwhelmingchangeofmind；butitisawaythatwouldbecruel，usedmorethantwiceorthriceinhiswholecareeroftempestanddefiance。Thisistolethimseethathismotheristroubled。"Oh，don’tcry!Oh，don’tbesad!"heroars，unablestilltodealwithhisownpassionateanger，whichisstilldealingwithhim。Withhiskicksofragehesuddenlyminglesadanceofapprehensionlesthismothershouldhavetearsinhereyes。Evenwhileheisstillexplicitlyimpenitentanddefianthetriestopullherroundtothelightthathemayseeherface。Itisbutamomentbeforetheotherpassionofremorsecomestomakehavocofthehelplesschild，andthefirstpassionofangerisquelledoutright。
Onlytoatrivialeyeistherenothingtragicinthesightofthesegreatpassionswithinthesmallframe，thesmallwill，and，inaword，thesmallnature。Whenalargeandsombrefatebefallsalittlenature，andthestageistoonarrowfortheactionofatragedy，thedisproportionhassometimesmadeamuteandunexpressedhistoryofactuallifeorsometimesafamousbook；itisthemanifestcoreofGeorgeEliot’sstoryofAdamBede，wherethesufferingofHettyis，asitwere，theeyeofthestorm。Allisexpressivearoundher，butsheishardlyarticulate；thebookisfullofwords——preachings，speeches，dailytalk，aphorisms，butaspaceofsilenceremainsaboutherinthemidstofthestory。Andthedisproportionofpassion——theinnerdisproportion——isatleastastragicasthatdisproportionoffateandaction；itislessintelligible，andleadsintotheintricaciesofnaturewhicharemoredifficultthantheturnofevents。
Itseems，then，thatthispassionateplayisactedwithinthenarrowlimitsofachild’snaturefaroftenerthaninthoseofanadultandfinallyformednature。Andthis，evidently，becausethereisunequalforceatworkwithinachild，unequalgrowthandajostlingofpowersandenergiesthatarehurryingtotheirdevelopmentandpressingforexerciseandlife。Itisthishelplessinequality——
thisuntimeliness——thatmakestheguilelesscomedyminglingwiththetragediesofapoorchild’sday。Heknowsthusmuch——thatlifeistroubledaroundhimandthatthefatesarestrong。Heimplicitlyconfesses"thestronghours"ofantiquesong。Thissameboy——thetempestuouschildofpassionandrevolt——wentoutwithquietcheerfulnessforawalklately，sayingashiscapwasputon，"Now，mother，youaregoingtohavealittlepeace。"Thiswayofacceptinghisownconditionsissharedbyasister，averylittleolder，who，beingofanequalandgentletemper，indisposedtoviolenceofeverykindandtendertoallwithoutdisquiet，observestheboy’sbrieffrenziesasacitizenobservestheclimate。Sheknowsthesignsquitewellandcanatanytimegivetheexplanationofsomeparticularoutburst，butwithoutanyattempttogoinsearchoffurtherormoreoriginalcauses。Stilllessisshemovedbythevirtuousindignationthatistheleastcharmingofthewaysofsomelittlegirls。Ellenefaitqueconstater。Herequanimityhasneverbeenoversetbythewildestofhismoments，andshehaswitnessedthemall。Itisneedlesstosaythatsheisnotfrightenedbyhisdrama，forNaturetakescarethatheryoungcreaturesshallnotbeinjuredbysympathies。Natureenclosesthemintheinnocentindifferencethatpreservestheirbrainsfromthemoreharassingkindsofdistress。
Eventheveryfrenzyofragedoesnotlongdimordepresstheboy。
Itishisrepentancethatmakeshimpale，andNatureherehasbeenratherforced，perhaps——withnoverygoodresult。Oftenmustamotherwishthatshemightforafewyearsgovernherchild（asfarasheisgovernable）bythelowestmotives——trivialpunishmentsandpaltryrewards——ratherthanbyanykindofappealtohissensibilities。Shewouldwishtokeepthewords"right"and"wrong"
awayfromhischildishears，butinthissheisnotsecondedbyherlieutenants。Thechildhimselfisquitewillingtoclosewithherplans，insofarasheisable，andisreasonablyinterestedintheresultsofherexperiments。Hewishesherattemptsinhisregardtohaveafairchance。"Let’shopeI’llbegoodallto—morrow，"hesayswiththepeculiarcheerfulnessofhisordinaryvoice。"Idohopeso，oldman。""ThenI’llgetmypenny。Mother，Iwasonlynaughtyonceyesterday；ifIhaveonlyonenaughtinessto—morrow，willyougivemeahalfpenny？""Norewardexceptforrealgoodnessalldaylong。""Allright。"
Itisonlytooprobablethatthissystem（adoptedonlyafterthefailureofotherwaysofreform）willbegreatlydisapprovedasoneofbribery。Itmay，however，becuriouslyinquiredwhetherallkindsofrewardmightnotequallybeburlesquedbythatword，andwhetheranygovernment，spiritualorcivil，haseverevenprofessedtodenyrewards。Moreover，thosewhowouldnotgiveachildapennyforbeinggoodwillnothesitatetofinehimapennyforbeingnaughty，andrewardsandpunishmentsmuststandorfalltogether。
Themorelogicalobjectionwillbethatgoodnessisideallythenormalcondition，andthatitshouldhave，therefore，noexplicitextraordinaryresult，whereasnaughtiness，beingabnormal，shouldhaveavisibleandunusualsequel。Tothistherewardingmothermayreplythatitisnotreasonabletotake"goodness"inalittlechildofstrongpassionsasthenormalcondition。Thenaturalthingforhimistogivefullswaytoimpulsesthataresoviolentastooverbearhispowers。
But，afterall，thecontroversyreturnstothepointofpractice。
Whatisthethought，orthreat，orpromisethatwillstimulatetheweakwillofthechild，inthemomentofrageandanger，tomakeasufficientresistance？Ifthewillwerenaturallyaswelldevelopedasthepassions，thestandwouldbesoonmadeandsoonsuccessful；
butasitistheremustneedsbeabracingbythesuggestionofjoyorfear。Let，then，thestimulusbeofamildandstrongkindatonce，andmingledwiththethoughtofdistantpleasure。Tomeetthesufferingofrageandfrenzybythesufferingoffearisassuredlytomakeofthelittleunquietmindabattle—placeoffeelingstoohurtfullytragic。Thepennyismildandstrongatonce，withitsstilldistantbutcertainjoysofpurchase；thepromiseandhopebreakthemoodofmisery，andthewilltakeshearttoresistandconquer。
Itisonlyinthelessernaughtinessthatheismasterofhimself。
Thelessertheevilfitthemoredeliberate。Sothathismother，knowingherselftobenotgreatlyfeared，oncetriedtomimicthefather’svoicewithamenacing，"What’sthatnoise？"Thechildwaspersistentlycryingandroaringonanupperfloor，incontumacyagainsthisFrenchnurse，whenthebaritoneandthreateningquestionwassentpealingupthestairs。Thechildwasheardtopauseandlistenandthentosaytohisnurse，"Cen’estpasMonsieur；c’estMadame，"andthen，withoutfurtherlossoftime，toresumetheinterruptedclamours。
Obviously，withalittlecreatureofsixyears，therearetwothingsmainlytobedone——tokeepthedelicatebrainfromtheevilofthepresentexcitement，especiallytheexcitementofpainfulfeeling，andtobreakthehabitofpassion。Nowthatweknowhowcertainlythespecialcellsofthebrainwhicharelocallyaffectedbypainandangerbecomehypertrophiedbysomuchuse，andalltooreadyforuseinthefutureattheslighteststimulus，wecannolongerslighttheimportanceofhabit。Anymeans，then，thatcansucceedinseparatingalittlechildfromthehabitofangerdoesfruitfulworkforhiminthehelplesstimeofhischildhood。Theworkisnoteasy，butalittlethoughtshouldmakeiteasyfortheelderstoavoidtheprovocationwhichthey——whoshouldwardoffprovocations——
areapttobringaboutbysheercarelessness。Itisonlyinchildhoodthatourraceknowssuchphysicalabandonmenttosorrowandtears，asachild’sdespair；andthetheatrewithusmustneedscopychildhoodifitwouldcatchthenoteandactionofacreaturewithouthope。
THECHILDOFSUBSIDINGTUMULT
Thereisacertainyearthatiswinged，asitwere，againsttheflightoftime；itdoessomove，andyetwithstandstime’smovement。
Itisfullofpausesthatareduetotheenergyofchange，hasboundsandrebounds，andwhenitismostactivethenitislongest。
Itisnotlongwithlanguor。Ithasroomforremoteness，andleisureforoblivion。Ittakesgreatexcursionsagainsttime，andtravelssoastoenlargeitshours。Thiscertainyearisanyoneoftheearlyyearsoffullyconsciouslife，andthereforeitisofallthedates。ThechildofTumulthasbeenlivingamplyandchangefullythroughsuchayear——hiseighth。Itisdifficulttobelievethathisisayearoftheself—samedateasthatoftheadult，themenwhodonotbreasttheirdays。
Forthemistheinelastic，orbutslightlyelastic，movementofthings。Monthmatchedwithmonthshowsafairlyequallength。Menandwomennevertravelfarfromyesterday；noristheirmorrowinadistantlight。Thereisrecognitionandfamiliaritybetweentheirseasons。ButtheChildofTumulthasinfiniteprospectsinhisyear。Forgetfulnessandsurprisesethiseastandhiswestatimmeasurabledistance。HisLetherunsinthecheerfulsun。Youlookonyourownlittleadultyear，andinimaginationenlargeit，becauseyouknowittobethecontemporaryofhis。Evenshewhoisquiteold，ifshehaveavitalfancy，mayfaceastrangeandgreatextentofafewyearsofherlifestilltocome——hisyears，theyearssheistoliveathisside。
Reasonseemstobemakinggoodherruleinthislittleboy’slife，notsomuchbyslowdegreesasbysuddenandfitfulaccessions。Hisspeechisyetsochildishthathechooses，foratoy，withblushesofpleasure，"alittleduckwhatcanwalk"；butwithabeautifullyclearaccenthegreetshismotherwiththecolloquialquestion，"Well，darling，doyouknowthelatest？""Thewhat？""Thelatest：
doyouknowthelatest？"Andthenhetellshisnews，generally，itmustbeowned，withsomereferencetohisownwrongs。Onanotheroccasiontheunexpectedlittlephrasewasvaried；thenewsofthewarthenragingdistressedhim；athousandofthesidehefavouredhadfallen。Thechildthencametohismother’sroomwiththequestion："Haveyouheardthesaddest？"Moreoverthe"saddest"
causedhimseveralfitsofperfectlysilenttears，whichseizedhimduringtheday，onhiswalksoratothermomentsofrecollection。
Fromsuchgreatcausesarisesuchlittlethings!Someofhisgriefwasforthenationheadmired，andsomewasforthetriumphofhisbrother，whosesympathieswereontheotherside，andwhoperhapsdidnotsparehissensibilities。
Thetumultsofalittlechild’spassionsofangerandgrief，growingfewerashegrowsolder，ratherincreasethanlessenintheirpainfulness。Thereisafullerconsciousnessofcompletecapitulationofallthechildishpowerstotheoverwhelmingcompulsionofanger。Thisisnottemptation；thewordistooweakfortheassaultofachild’spassionuponhiswill。Thatlittlewillistakencaptiveentirely，andbeforethechildwassevenheknewthatitwasso。Suchaconsciousnessleavesallbabyhoodbehindandcondemnsthechildtosuffer。Foracertainpassageofhislifeheisneitherunconsciousofevil，ashewas，norstrongenoughtoresistit，ashewillbe。Thetimeofthesubsidingofthetumultisbynomeanstheleastpitiableofthephasesofhumanlife。Happilytherecoveryfromeachtroubleisreadyandsure；sothatthechildwhohadbeenabandonedtonaughtinesswithallhiswillinanentireconsenttothegloomypossessionofhisanger，andwhohadlaterundergoneahaggardrepentance，hashiscaptivitysuddenlyturnedagain，"likeriversinthesouth。""Forgetit，"hehadwept，inakindofextremityofremorse；"forgetit，darling，anddon’t，don’tbesad；"anditishe，happily，whoforgets。Thewastedlookofhispalefaceiseffacedbythetouchofasinglecheerfulthought，andfiveshortminutescanrestoretheruin，asthoughabrokenlittleGermantownshouldinthetwinklingofaneyeberestoredasnoarchitectcouldrestoreit——shouldbemadefresh，strong，andtightagain，lookinglikeafullboxoftoys，asatownwaswonttolookinthenewdaysofold。
Whenhisruthlessangersarenotinpossessionthechildshowsthegrowthofthistardyreasonthat——quickened——ishereaftertodosomuchforhispeaceanddignity，bythesweetestconsideration。
Deniedasecondhandfulofstrawberries，andseeingquiteclearlythatthedenialwasenforcedreluctantly，hemakeshastetoreply，"Itdoesn’tmatter，darling。"Atanysuddennoiseinthehousehisbeautifulvoice，withallitslittledifficultiesofpronunciation，isheardwiththesedulousreassurance："It’sallright，mother，nobodyhurtedourselves!"Heisnotsurprisedsoastoforgetthisgentlelittleduty，whichwasneverrequiredofhim，butisofhisowndevising。
AccordingtotheopinionofhisdearandadmiredAmericanfriend，hesaysallthesethings，goodandevil，withanEnglishaccent；andattheAmericanplayhisEnglishaccentwasirrepressible。"It’stoocomic；no，it’stoocomic，"hecalledinhisenjoyment；beingtheonlyperfectlyfearlesschildintheworld，hewillnotconsenttotheconventionalshynessinpublic，whetherhebethememberofanaudienceorofacongregation，butmakeshimselfperceptible。Andevenwhenhehasadesperatethingtosay，inthemomentofabsoluterevolt——suchathingas"Ican’tlikeyou，mother，"whichanonhewillrecantwithconvulsionsofdistress——hehasto"speakthethinghewill，"andwhenherecantsitisnotforfear。
Ifsuchachildcouldberuled（orapproximatelyruled，forinquisitorialgovernmentcouldhardlybesomuchasattempted）bysomesmallmeansadaptedtohissizeandtohisphysicalaspect，itwouldbewellforhishealth，butthatseemsattimesimpossible。
Bynoeffortcanhiseldersaltogethersucceedinkeepingtragedyoutofthelifethatissounreadyforit。Againstgreatemotionsnoonecandefendhimbyanyforethought。Heistheirsubject；andtoseehimthusdevotedandthuswrung，thuswreckedbytempestsinwardly，sothatyoufeelgriefhashimactuallybytheheart，recallsthereluctance——thequestion——wherewithyouperceivetheinteriorgriefofpoetryorofadevoutlife。CannottheMuse，cannottheSaint，youask，livewithsomethinglessthanthis？Ifthisisthetruerlife，itseemshardlysupportable。Inlikemanneritshouldbepossibleforachildofseventocomethroughhischildhoodwithgriefsthatshouldnotsocloselyinvolvehim，butshoulddealwiththeeasiersentiments。
Despiteallhissimplicity，thechildhas（bywayofinheritance，forhehasneverheardthem）theself—excusingfictionsofourrace。
Accusedofcertainactsofviolence，andunabletorebutthechargewithanyeffect，hefliestotheoldconvention："Ididn’tknowwhatIwasdoing，"heavers，usingagreatdealofgesticulationtoexpressthetemporarydistractionofhismind。"Darling，afternurseslappedmeashardasshecould，Ididn’tknowwhatIwasdoing，soIsupposeIpushedherwithmyfoot。"HismotherknowsaswellasdoesTolstoithatmenandchildrenknowwhattheyaredoing，andarethemoreintentlyawareasthestressoffeelingmakesthemomentsmoretense；andshewillnotadmitapleawhichherchildmighthavelearnedfromtheundramaticauthorshehasneverread。
Farfromrepentingofheroldsystemofrewards，andfarfromtakingfrightatthenameofabribe，themotheroftheChildofTumulthasonlytowishshehadatcommandrewardsampleandvariedenoughtogivetheshockofhopeandpromisetotheheartofthelittleboy，andchangehispassionatitsheight。