首页 >出版文学> Jasmin>第10章

第10章

  HethankedJasminforhisferventeulogy。WhilehethoughtthattheGasconpoet’spraiseofhisworkswasexaggerated,hebelievedinhissincerity。”Ihasten,”saidBeranger,”toexpressmythanksforthekindnessofyouraddress。Believeinmysincerity,asIbelieveinyourpraises。Yourexaggerationofmypoeticalmeritsmakesmerepeatthefirstwordsofyouraddress,inwhichyouassumethetitleofaGascon[2]poet。ItwouldpleasememuchbetterifyouwouldbeaFrenchpoet,asyouprovebyyourepistle,whichiswrittenwithtasteandharmony。ThesympathyofoursentimentshasinspiredyoutopraisemeinamannerwhichIamfarfrommeriting,Nevertheless,sir,Iamproudofyoursympathy。”Youhavebeenbornandbroughtupinthesameconditionasmyself。Likeme,youappeartohavetriumphedovertheabsenceofscholasticinstruction,and,likemetoo,youloveyourcountry。Youreproachme,sir,withthesilencewhichIhaveforsometimepreserved。AttheendofthisyearIintendtopublishmylastvolume;Iwillthentakemyleaveofthepublic。
  Iamnowfifty-twoyearsold。Iamtiredoftheworld。
  Mylittlemissionisfulfilled,andthepublichashadenoughofme。Iamthereforemakingarrangementsforretiring。Withoutthedesireforlivinglonger,Ihavebrokensilencetoosoon。
  Atleastyoumustpardonthesilenceofonewhohasneverdemandedanythingofhiscountry。Icarenothingaboutpower,andhavenowmerelytheambitionofamorselofbreadandrepose。”Iaskyourpardonforsubmittingtoyouthesepersonaldetails。
  Butyourepistlemakesitmyduty。Ithankyouagainforthepleasureyouhavegivenme。IdonotunderstandthelanguageofLanguedoc,but,ifyouspeakthislanguageasyouwriteFrench,Idaretoprophecyatruesuccessinthefurtherpublicationofyourworks——BERANGER。”[3]
  NotwithstandingthisadviceofBerangerandothercritics,JasmincontinuedtowritehispoemsintheGascondialect。
  HehadverylittletimetospareforthestudyofclassicalFrench;hewasoccupiedwiththetradebywhichheearnedhisliving,andhisbusinesswasincreasing。Hiscustomerswerealwayshappytohearhimrecitehispoetrywhileheshavedtheirbeardsordressedtheirhair。
  HewasequallyunfortunatewithM。MinierofBordeaux。
  JasminaddressedhiminaGasconletterfullofbrightpoetry,notunlikeBurns’sVision,whenhedreamtofbecomingasong-writer。TheonlyconsolationthatJasminreceivedfromM。
  Minierwasapoeticalletter,inwhichthepoetwasimploredtoretainhispositionandnottofrequentthesocietyofdistinguishedpersons。
  PerhapsthefinestworkwhichJasmincomposedatthisperiodofhislifewasthatwhichheentitledMousSoubenis,or’MyRecollections。’Innoneofhispoemsdidhedisplaymoreofthecharacteristicqualitiesofhismind,hiscandour,hispathos,andhishumour,thanintheseverses。Heusedtherusticdialect,fromwhichheneverafterwardsdeparted。HeshowedthattheGasconwasnotyetadeadlanguage;andheliftedittothelevelofthemostseriousthemes。Hisverseshaveallthegreatercharmbecauseoftheirartlessgaiety,theirdelicatetaste,andthesweetnessoftheircadence。
  Jasminbegantocomposehis’Recollections’in1830,butthetwofirstcantoswerenotcompleteduntiltwoyearslater。
  Thethirdcantowasaddedin1835,whenthepoemwaspublishedinthefirstvolumeofhis’Curl-Papers’Papillotes。Theserecollections,infact,constituteJasmin’sautobiography,andweareindebtedtothemforthedescriptionwehavealreadygivenofthepoet’searlylife。
  ManyyearslaterJasminwrotehisMousnoubelsSoubenis——
  ’MyNewRecollections’;butinthatworkhereturnedtothetrialsandtheenjoymentsofhisyouth,anddescribedfewoftheeventsofhislaterlife。”Whatapity,”saysM。Rodiere,”thatJasmindidnotcontinuetowritehisimpressionsuntiltheendofhislife!Whattroublehewouldhavesavedhisbiographers!
  ForhowcanonespeakwhenJasminceasestosing?”
  ItisunnecessarytoreturntotheautobiographyandrepeattheconfessionsofJasmin’syouth。Hisjoysandsorrowsarealldescribedthere——hisbirthinthepoverty-strickendwellingintheRueFondeRache,hisloveforhisparents,hissportswithhisplayfellowsonthebanksoftheGaronne,hisblowingthehorninhisfather’sCharivaris,hisenjoymentofthetit-bitswhicholdBoebroughthomefromhisbegging-tours,thedecayoftheoldman,andhisconveyancetothehospital,”wherealltheJasminsdie;”thenhiseducationattheAcademy,histoyingwiththehouse-maid,hisstealingthepreserves,hisexpulsionfromtheseminary,andthesaleofhismother’swedding-ringtobuybreadforherfamily。
  WhilecomposingthefirsttwocantosoftheSouvenirsheseemedhalfashamedofthehomelinessofthetalehehadundertakentorelate。Shouldhesoftenandbrightenit?Shouldhedressitupwithfalselightsandcolours?Fortherearetimeswhenfalsehoodinsilkandgoldareacceptable,andthenakednew-borntruthisunwelcome。Butherepudiatedthethought,andadded:-”Myself,norless,normore,I’lldrawforyou,Andifnotbright,thelikenessshallbetrue。”
  Thethirdcantoofthepoemwascomposedatintervals。Ittookhimtwomoreyearstofinishit。Itcommenceswithhisapprenticeshiptothebarber;describeshisfirstvisittothetheatre,hisreadingofFlorian’sromancesandpoems,hissolitarymeditations,andthebirthandgrowthofhisimagination。Thenhefallsinlove,andaneweraopensinhislife。Hewritesversesandsingsthem。Heopensabarber’sshopofhisown,marries,andbringshisyoungbridehome。”Twoangels,”hesays,”tookuptheirabodewithme。”
  Hisnewly-weddedwifewasone,andtheotherwashisrusticMuse——theangelofhomelypastoralpoetry:”Who,flutteringsoftlyfromonhigh,Raisedonhiswingandboremefar,Wherefieldsofbalmiestetherare;
  There,intheshepherdlassie’sspeechIsangasong,orshapedarhyme;
  TherelearnedIstrongerlovethanIcanteach。
  Oh,mysticlessons!Happytime!
  AndfondfarewellsIsaid,whenatthecloseofday,Silentsheledmyspiritbackwhenceitwasborneaway!”
  Hethenspeaksofthehappinessofhisweddedlife;heshavesandsingsmostjoyfully。Alittlerivuletofsilverpassesintothebarber’sshop,and,inafitofpoeticardour,hebreaksintopiecesandburnsthewretchedarm-chairinwhichhisancestorswerebornetothehospitaltodie。Hiswifenolongertroubleshimwithherdoubtsastohisversesinterferingwithhisbusiness。Shesupplieshimwithpen,paper,ink,andacomfortabledesk;and,incourseoftime,hebuysthehouseinwhichhelives,andbecomesamanofimportanceinAgen。
  Heendsthethirdcantowithasortofhurrah——”Thus,reader,haveItoldmytaleincantosthree:
  ThoughstillIsing,Ihazardnogreatrisk;
  ForshouldPegasusrearandflingme,itisclear,Howeverruffledallmyfanciesfair,Iwastemytime,’tistrue;thoughversesImaylose,Thepaperstillwillserveforcurlinghair。”[4]
  RobertNicoll,theScotchpoet,saidofhisworks:”Ihavewrittenmyheartinmypoems;andrude,unfinished,andhastyastheyare,itcanbereadthere。”Jasminmighthaveusedthesamewords。”Withallmyfaults,”hesaid,”Idesiredtowritethetruth,andIhavedescribeditasIsawit。”
  Inhis’Recollections’heshowedwithoutreservehiswholeheart。
  Jasmindedicatedhis’Recollections,’whenfinished,toM。FlorimonddeSaint-Amand,oneofthefirstgentlemenwhorecognisedhispoeticaltalents。ThiswasunquestionablythefirstpoeminwhichJasminexhibitedthetruebentofhisgenius。HeavoidedentirelytheFrenchmodelswhichhehadbeforeendeavouredtoimitate;andhenowgavefullflighttotheartlessgaietyandhumourofhisGasconmuse。ItisunfortunatethatthepoemcannotbetranslatedintoEnglish。
  ItwastranslatedintoFrench;buteveninthatkindredlanguageitlostmuchofitsbeautyandpathos。Themoreexquisitethepoetrythatiscontainedinonelanguage,themoredifficultythereisintranslatingitintoanother。
  M。CharlesNodiersaidofLouTresdeMaythatitcontainspoeticthoughtsconveyedinexquisitewords;butitisimpossibletorenderitintoanylanguagebutitsown。InthecaseoftheCharivariheshrinksfromattemptingtotranslateit。
  Thereisonepassagecontainingasuperbdescriptionoftherisingofthesuninwinter;buttwoofthelinesquitepuzzledhim。InGascontheyare”Quandl’Auroro,fourradoenraoubodesati,Desparrouillo,sanbrut,lasportosdelmati。’
  SomeofthewordstranslatedintoFrenchmightseemvulgar,thoughinGascontheyarebeautiful。InEnglishtheymightberendered:”WhenAurora,enfurredinherrobeofsatin,Unbars,withoutnoise,thedoorsofthemorning。””Dreamifyoulike,”saysNodier,”oftheAuroraofwinter,andtellmeifHomercouldhavebetterrobeditinwords。TheAuroraofJasminisquitehisown;’unbarsthedoorsofthemorning’;
  itisdonewithoutnoise,likeagoddess,patientandsilent,whoannouncesherselftomortalsonlybyherbrightnessoflight。Itisthisfinishedfelicityofexpressionwhichdistinguishesgreatwriters。Thevulgarcannotaccomplishit。”
  AgainNodiersaysofthe’Recollections’:”Theyareaningenuousmarvelofgaiety,sensibility,andpassion!Iuse,”hesays,”thisexpressionofenthusiasm;andIregretthatIcannotbemorelavishinmypraises。Thereisalmostnothinginmodemliterature,andscarcelyanythinginancient,whichhasmovedmemoreprofoundlythantheSouvenirsofJasmin。
  HappyandlovelychildrenofGuienneandLanguedoc,readandre-readtheSouvenirsofJasmin;theywillgiveyoupainfulrecollectionsofpublicschools,andperhapsgiveyouhopeofbetterthingstocome。Youwilllearnbyheartwhatyouwillneverforget。Youwillknowfromthispoetryallthatyououghttotreasure。”
  Jasminaddedseveralotherpoemstohiscollectionbeforehissecondvolumeappearedin1835。AmongstthesewerehislinesonthePolishnation——AuxdebrisdelaNationPolonaise,andLesOiseauxVoyageurs,ouLesPolonaisenFrance——bothwritteninGascon。Saint-beuvethinksthelatteroneofJasmin’sbestworks。”Itisfullofpathos,”hesays,”andrisestothesublimethroughitsverysimplicity。Itisindeeddifficulttoexaggeratethepoeticinstinctandtheunaffectedartlessnessofthisamiablebard。Atthesametime,”hesaid,”Jasminstillwantedthefireofpassiontoreachthenoblestpoeticwork。
  Yethehadtheartofstyle。IfAgenwasrenownedas’theeyeofGuienne,’JasminwascertainlythegreatestpoetwhohadeverwritteninthepurepatoisofAgen。”
  Sainte-BeuvealsosaidofJasminthathewas”invariablysober。”
  AndJasminsaidofhimself,”Ihavelearnedthatinmomentsofheatandemotionwearealleloquentandlaconic,alikeinspeechandaction——unconsciouspoetsinfact;andIhavealsolearnedthatitispossibleforamusetobecomeallthiswillingly,andbydintofpatienttoil。”
  AnotherofhissupplementarypoemsconsistedofadialoguebetweenRamoun,asoldieroftheOldGuard,andMathiou,apeasant。Itisofapoliticalcast,andJasmindidnotshineinpolitics。Hewas,however,alwaysapatriot,whetherundertheEmpire,theMonarchy,ortheRepublic。HelovedFranceaboveallthings,whileheentertainedthewarmestaffectionforhisnativeprovince。IfJasminhadpublishedhisvolumeinclassicalFrenchhemighthavebeenlostamidstacrowdofrhymers;butashepublishedtheworkinhisnativedialect,hebecameforthwithdistinguishedinhisneighbourhood,andwaseverafterknownastheGasconpoet。
  Nordidhelongremainunknownbeyondthedistrictinwhichhelived。Whenhissecondvolumeappearedin1835,withaprefacebyM。Baze,anadvocateoftheRoyalCourtofAgen,itcreatedconsiderableexcitement,notonlyatBordeauxandToulouse,butalsoatParis,thecentreoftheliterature,science,andfineartsofFrance。There,menofthehighestdistinctionwelcomedtheworkwithenthusiasm。
  M。Baze,inhispreface,wasveryeulogistic。”Wehavethepleasure,”hesaid,”ofseeingunitedinonecollectionthesweetRomanictonguewhichtheSouthofFrancehasadopted,liketheprivilegedchildrenofherlovelyskyandvoluptuousclimate;andherlyricalsongs,whosemasculinevigourandenergeticsentimentshavemorethanonceexcitedpatriotictransportsandawakenedpopularenthusiasm。ForJasminisaboveallapoetofthepeople。Heisnotashamedofhisorigin。
  Hewasborninthemidstofthem,andthoughapoet,stillbelongstothem。Forgeniusisofallstationsandranksoflife。HeisbutahairdresseratAgen,andmorethanthat,hewishestoremainso。Hisambitionistounitetherazortothepoet’spen。”