Itwasperfectlysimpleandnatural。Thepoemmightformthesubjectofadramaoramusicalcantata。ThelamentationsofMargueriteonherblindnessremindoneofMilton’sheart-rendingwordsonthesamesubject:”Forothers,dayandjoyandlight,Forme,alldarkness,alwaysnight。”[4]
Sainte-Beuve,incriticisingJasmin’spoems,saysthat”Itwasin1835thathistalentraiseditselftotheeminenceofwritingoneofhispurestcompositions——natural,touchinganddisinterested——hisBlindGirlofCastel-Cuille,inwhichhemakesusassistinafete,amidstthejoysofthevillagers;andatthegriefofayounggirl,afianceewhomasevereattackofsmallpoxhaddeprivedofhereyesight,andwhomherbetrothedloverhadabandonedtomarryanother。”Thegriefofthepoorabandonedgirl,herchangesofcolour,herattitude,herconversation,herprojects——thewholesurroundedbythefreshnessofspringandthelaughingbrightnessoftheseason——exhibitsacharacterofnatureandoftruthwhichveryfewpoetshavebeenabletoattain。
Oneisquitesurprised,onreadingthissimplepicture,tobeinvoluntarilycarriedbacktothemostexpressivepoemsoftheancientGreeks——toTheocritusforexample——fortheMargueriteofJasminmaybecomparedwiththeSimethaoftheGreekpoet。Thisistruepoetry,richfromthesamesources,andgildedwiththesameimagery。InhisnewcompositionsJasminhasfollowedhisownbias;thisman,whohadfewbooks,butmeditateddeeplyinhisheartandhisloveofnature;
andhefollowedthewayoftrueartwithsecretandperseveringlabourinwhatappearedtohimthemosteloquent,easy,andhappymanner……”Hislanguage,”Sainte-Beuvecontinues,”isalwaysthemostnatural,faithful,transparent,truthful,eloquent,andsober;
neverforgetthislastcharacteristic。Heisnevermorehappythanwhenhefindsthathecanborrowfromanartizanorlaboureroneofthosewordswhichareworthtenofothers。Itisthusthathisgeniushasrefinedduringtheyearsprecedingthetimeinwhichheproducedhisgreatestworks。Itisthusthathehasbecomethepoetofthepeople,writinginthepopularpatois,andforpublicsolemnities,whichremindoneofthoseoftheMiddleAgesandofGreece;thushefindshimselftobe,inshort,morethananyofourcontemporaries,oftheSchoolofHorace,ofTheocritus,orofGray,andallthebrilliantgeniuseswhohaveendeavouredbystudytobringeachoftheirworkstoperfection。”[5]
TheBlindGirlwasthemostremarkableworkthatJasminhaduptothistimecomposed。Thereisnocountrywhereanauthorissopopular,whenheisonceknown,asinFrance。WhenJasmin’spoemwaspublishedhebecame,byuniversalconsent,thePoetLaureateoftheSouth。YetsomeofthelocaljournalsofBordeauxmadelightofhisappearanceinthatcityforthepurposeofrecitinghisasyetunknownpoem。”ThatabarberandhairdresserofAgen,”theysaid,”speakingandwritinginavulgartongue,shouldattempttoamuseorenlightentheintelligentpeopleofBordeaux,seemedtothembeneathcontempt。”
ButJasminsoonshowedthemthatgeniusisofnorankorconditionoflife;andtheirviewsshortlyunderwentasuddenchange。Hisveryappearanceinthecitywasatriumph。Crowdsresortedtothelargehall,inwhichhewastorecitehisnewpoemoftheBlindGirlofCastel-Cuille。Theprefect,themayor,themembersoftheAcademy,andthemostcultivatedpeopleofthecitywerepresent,andreceivedhimwithapplause。
Theremighthavebeensomemisgivingsastothesuccessofthepoem,butfromthemomentthatheappearedontheplatformandbeganhisrecitation,everydoubtdisappeared。Hereadthepoemwithmarvellouseloquence;whilehisartisticfigure,hismobilecountenance,hisdark-browneyebrows,whichheraisedorloweredatwill,hisexpressivegesticulation,andhispassionateacting,addedgreatlytotheeffectofhisrecital,andsoonwoneveryheart。Whenhecametotherefrain,”Thepathswithbudsandblossomsstrew,”
henolongerdeclaimed,butsangafterthemannerofthepeasantsintheirpopularchaunt。Hiseyesbecamesuffusedwithtears,andthosewholistenedtothepatois,eventhoughtheyonlyimperfectlyunderstoodit,partookoftheimpression,andweptalso。
Hewasaliketenderandimpressivethroughoutthepiece,especiallyatthedeathoftheblindgirl;andwhenhehadended,astormofapplauseburstfromtheaudience。Therewasaclappingofhandsandathunderousstampingoffeetthatshookthebuildingalmosttoitsfoundations。
Itwasaremarkablespectacle,thatahumbleworkingman,comparativelyuneducated,shouldhaveevokedthetumultuousapplauseofabrilliantassemblyofintelligentladiesandgentlemen。Itwasindeedsomethingextraordinary。SomesaidthathedeclaimedlikeTalmaorRachel,norwasthereanynoteofdissonanceinhisreception。Theenthusiasmwasgeneralandunanimousamongstthemagistrates,clergy,scientificmen,artists,physicians,ship-owners,menofbusiness,andworkingpeople。TheyalljoinedintheapplausewhenJasminhadconcludedhisrecitation。
FromthistimeforwardJasminwasoneofthemostpopularmenatBordeaux。Hewasentertainedataseriesoffetes。Hewasinvitedtosoireesbytheprefect,bythearchbishop,bythevarioussocialcircles,aswellasbytheworkmen’sassociations。
Theyviedwitheachotherforthehonourofentertaininghim。
Hewentfrommatineestosoirees,andintendaysheappearedatthirty-fourdifferententertainments。
Atlengthhebecamethoroughlytiredandexhaustedbythisenormousfete-ing。Helongedtobeawayandathomewithhiswifeandchildren。Hetookleaveofhisfriendsandadmirerswithemotion,and,notwithstandingthepraisesandacclamationshehadreceivedatBordeaux,hequietlyturnedtopursuehishumbleoccupationatAgen。
ItwasoneofthemostremarkablethingsaboutJasmin,thathewasnevercarriedoffhisfeetbythebrilliantovationshereceived。Thoughenoughtoturnanypoorfellow’shead,heremainedsimpleandnaturaltothelast。Aswesayinthiscountry,hecould”carrycorn”Wehavesaidthat”Gascon”isoftenusedinconnectionwithboastingorgasconading。ButthetermwasinnowayapplicabletoJasmin。Helefttheechoofpraisesbehindhim,andreturnedtoAgentoenjoythecomfortsofhisfireside。
Hewasnot,however,withouttempterstoweanhimfromhishomeandhisordinarypursuits。In1836,theyearafterhistriumphalreceptionatBordeaux,someofhisfriendsurgedhimtogotoParis——thecentreoflightandleading——inorderto”makehisfortune。”
Butno!hehadnevercontemplatedtheideaofleavinghisnativetown。ArichwinemerchantofToulousewasoneofhistempters。
HeadvisedJasmintogotothegreatmetropolis,wheregeniusalonewasrecognised。Jasminansweredhiminacharmingletter,settingforththereasonswhichdeterminedhimtoremainathome,principallybecausehistastesweremodestandhisdesireswerehomely。”Youtoo,”hesaid,”withoutregardtotroublingmydaysandmynights,havewrittentoaskmetocarrymyguitarandmydressing-combtothegreatcityofkings,becausethere,yousay,mypoeticalhumourandmywell-knownverseswillbringtorrentsofcrownstomypurse。Oh,youmaywellboasttomeofthisshowerofgoldanditsclinkingstream。Youonlymakemecry:’Honourisbutsmoke,gloryisbutglory,andmoneyisonlymoney!’Iaskyou,innocravenspirit,ismoneytheonlythingforamantoseekwhofeelsinhishearttheleastsparkofpoetry?Inmytown,whereeveryoneworks,leavemeasIam。
Everysummer,happierthanaking,Ilayupmysmallprovisionforthewinter,andthenIsinglikeagoldfinchundertheshadeofapoplaroranash-tree,onlytoohappytogrowgreyinthelandwhichgavemebirth。Onehearsinsummerthepleasantzigo,ziou,ziou,ofthenimblegrasshopper,ortheyoungsparrowpluminghiswingstomakehimselfreadyforflight,heknowsnotwhither;butthewisemanactsnotso。Iremainhereinmyhome。
Everythingsuitsme——earth,sky,air——allthatisnecessaryformycomfort。Tosingofjoyouspovertyonemustbejoyfulandpoor。Iamsatisfiedwithmyrye-bread,andthecoolwaterfrommyfountain。”
Jasminremainedfaithfultotheserulesofconductduringhislife。ThoughheafterwardsmadeavisittoParis,itwasonlyforashorttime;buthisnativetownofAgen,hishomeontheGravier,hisshop,hiswifeandhischildren,continuedtobehislittleparadise。Hismusesoaredoverhimlikeaguardianangel,givinghimsongsforhishappinessandconsolationforhissorrows。Hewas,aboveallthings,happyinhiswife。
Shecheeredhim,strengthenedhim,andconsoledhim。
Hethusportrayedherinoneofhispoems:”Hereyeslikesparklingstarsofheavenlyblue;
Hercheekssosweet,soround,androsy;
Herhairsobright,andbrown,andcurly;
Hermouthsolikearipenedcherry;
Herteethmorebrilliantthanthesnow。”
Jasminwasattachedtohiswife,notonlybyherbeauty,butbyhergoodsense。Shecounselledandadvisedhimineverything。
Hegavehimselfuptoherwiseadvice,andneverhadoccasiontoregretit。Itwaswithhermodestmarriage-portionthathewasenabledtoestablishhimselfasamasterhairdresser。
Whenheopenedhisshop,hesetovertheentrancedoorthissign:”L’ArtembellitLaNature:Jasmin,CoiffeurdesJeunesGens。”Ashisfamilygrew,inordertoincreasehisincome,headdedthewords,”CoiffeurdesDames。”Thisprovedtobeahappyadditiontohisbusiness。MostoftheladiesofAgenstroveforthehonourofhavingtheirhairdressedbythepoeticalbarber。Whiledressingtheirhairhedelightedthemwithhissongs。Hehadasympatheticvoice,whichtouchedtheirsoulsandthrewthemintothesweetestofdreams。
ThoughJasminwasalwaysdisposedtorhymealittle,hiswisewifeneverallowedhimtoforgethisregulardailywork。
Atthesametimesheunderstoodthathisdelicatenaturecouldnotbeentirelyabsorbedbythelaboursofanordinaryworkman。
Shewasnolongerjealousofhissolitarycommunionswithhismuse;andafterhisusualhoursofoccupation,shelefthim,orsatbyhim,toenablehimtopursuehisdearreveriesinquiet。
Mariette,orMarie,asshewasusuallycalled,wasathoroughlygoodpartnerforJasmin。Thoughnotbyanymeansahighlyeducatedwoman,shefelttheelevatingeffectsofpoetryevenonherself。Sheinfluencedherhusband’smindthroughherpracticalwisdomandgoodsense,whileheinhisturninfluencedhersbyelevatinghersoulandintellect。
Jasmin,whilehewaslabouringoversomesongorverse,founditnecessarytoreciteittosomeonenearhim,butmostlytohiswife。HewanderedwithheralongthebanksoftheGaronne,andwhileherecited,shelistenedwithbatedbreath。Shecouldevenventuretocorrecthim;forsheknew,betterthanhedid,theordinaryGascondialect。Sheoftenfoundforhimthetruewordforthepicturewhichhedesiredtopresenttohisreader。
ThoughJasminwasalwaysthankfulforherhelp,hedidnotabandonhisownwordswithoutsomelittlecontention。
Hehadworkedoutthesubjectinhismind,andanynewword,ormodeofdescription,mightinterruptthebeautyoftheverses。
Whenheatlengthrecognisedthejusticeofhercriticism,hewouldsay,”Marie,youareright;andIwillagainthinkoverthesubject,andmakeitfitmorecompletelyintotheGasconidiom。”Incertaincasespassagesweresuppressed;inotherstheywereconsiderablyaltered。
WhenJasmin,aftermuchlabourandcorrection,hadfinishedhispoem,hewouldcallabouthimhisintimatefriends,andrecitethepoemtothem。Hehadnoobjectiontothemostthoroughcriticism,byhiswifeaswellasbyhisfriends。Whenthepoemwaslongandelaborate,theauditorssometimesbegantoyawn。
Thenthewifesteppedinandsaid:”Jasmin,youmuststop;leavetheremainderofthepoemforanotherday。”Thustherecitalceasedforthetime。
ThepeopleofAgenentertainedalivelysympathyfortheirpoet。
Eventhosewhomighttoacertainextentdepreciatehistalent,dideveryjusticetothenobilityofhischaracter。Perhapssomemightenvythepositionofamanwhohadrisenfromtheranksandsecuredtheesteemofmenoffortuneandevenoftheleadersofliteraryopinion。Jasmin,likeeverypersonenviedorperhapsdetracted,hadhishoursofdepression。Butthestrongsoulofhiswifeinthesehourscametohisrelief,andassuagedthespiritofthemanandthepoet。
Jasminwasatonetimeonthepointofabandoningverse-making。
Yethewasencouragedtoproceedbythedemandswhichweremadeforhissongsandverses。Indeed,nofetewasconsideredcompletewithouttherecitationsofJasmin。Itwasnodoubtveryflattering;yetfamehasitsdrawbacks。Hisinvitationswereusuallyunceremonious。
Jasminwasnodoubtrecognisedasapoet,andanexcellentreciter;yethewasapersonwhohandledtherazorandthecurling-tongs。Whenhewasinvitedtoalocalparty,itwasmerelythathemightrecitehisversesgratuitously。Hedidnotbelongtotheirsocialcircle,andhiswifewasnotincluded。
Whatsympathycouldshehavewiththesedistinguishedpersonages?
AtlengthJasmindeclinedtogowherehiswifecouldnotbeinvited。Hepreferredtostayathomewithhisfamily;andallfurtherinvitationsofthissortwererefused。
Besides,hisfriendNodierhadwarnedhimthatapoetofhisstampoughtnottoappeartoooftenatthefeastsofthelazy;
第12章