Itcaneasilybeunderstoodhowthesewomen,asarule,exertedlittleinfluenceontheirsons。Theirimaginativesidewastoodeeplyhidden,thenatureoftheirpleasurestoosecret,toomysterious。Maleyouth,followingitsobviouspleasure,wentwiththementothehuntThewomenremainedoutsiders。Theboywhochosetodolikewise,wastheincredibleexception。Inhimhadcometoaheadthedeepestthingsintheforestlife:thedarklyfemininethings,itssilence,itsmysticism,itssecretiveness,itstragicpatience。Abrahamwassuchaboy。
Itissaidthatheastoundedhisfatherbyrefusingtoownagun。Heearnedterriblewhippingsbyreleasinganimalscaughtintraps。Thoughhehadinfullestmeasuretheforestpassionforlisteningtostories,theever-populartalesofIndianwarfaredisgustedhim。Butletthetaletakeonanyglintofthemysteryofthehumansoul——asofRobinsonCrusoealoneonhisisland,orofthelordlinessofaction,asinColumbusorWashington——andhewasquickwithinterest。ThestoriesoftalkinganimalsoutofAesopfascinatedhim。
Inthisthrilledcuriosityabouttheanimalswasthesideofhimleastintelligibletomenlikehisfather。Itlivesinmanyanecdotes:ofhisfriendshipwithapoordoghehadwhichhecalled“Honey“;ofpursuingasnakethroughdifficultthicketstopreventitsswallowingafrog;ofloiteringonerrandsattheriskofwhippingstowatchthesquirrelsinthetree-tops;ofthecrowningoffenseofhischildhood,whichearnedhimamightybeating,thesavingofafawn’slifebyscaringitoffjustasahunter’sgunwasleveled。Andbywayofcommentonallthis,thereistheremarkpreservedinthememoryofanotherboytowhomatthetimeitappearedmostsingular,“Godmightthinkasmuchofthatlittlefawnasofsomepeople。“Ofhimasofanothergentlesoulitmighthavebeensaidthatalltheanimalswerehisbrothersandsisters。[7]
Onemighteasilyimaginethispeculiarboywhochosetoremainathomewhilethemenwentouttoslay,asthemeretranslationintomasculinityofhismother,andofhermothers,ofalltheconvergingprocessionsofforestwomen,whohadpassedfromonetoanotherthesecretoftheirmysticism,coloringitmanywaysinthedarkvesselsoftheirsuppressedlives,tillitreachedatlasttheirconcludingchild。Butthiswouldonlyinpartexplainhim。Theirmysticism,asafter-timewastoshow,hehadundoubtedlyinherited。So,too,fromthem,itmaybe,cameanothercharacteristic——thatinstincttoendure,towait,toabidetheissueofcircumstance,whichinthedaysofhispowermadehimtothepoliticiansasunintelligibleasoncehehadbeentotheforesthuntsmen。Nevertheless,themostdistinctivepartofthoseprimitivewomen,thesealedpassionatenessoftheirspirits,heneverfromchildhoodtotheendrevealed。Inthegrownmanappearedaquietude,asortoftrancedcalm,thatwasappalling。Fromwhatpartofhishereditydidthisderive?Wasitthemalegiftoftheforest?
DidprogenitorsworthierthanThomassomehowcastthroughhimtohisaliensonthatpeacetheyhadfoundintheutterheartofdanger,thatapparentselflessnesswhichisbornofbeingeverunfailinglyonguard?
Itisplainthatfromthefirsthewasanaturalstoic,takinghiswhippings,ofwhichthereappeartohavebeenplenty,insilence,withoutanger。Itwasallintheday’sround。
Whippings,likeotherthings,cameandwent。Whatdiditmatter?Andthedailyround,thoughmonotonous,hadevenforthechildacomplementoflabor。Especiallytherewasmuchpatientjourneyingbackandforthwithmealbagsbetweenhisfather’scabinandthelocalmill。Therewasalittleschooling,verylittle,partlyfromNancyLincoln,partlyfromanothergoodwoman,themiller’skindoldmother,partlyatthecrudestofwaysideschoolsmaintainedverybrieflybyawanderingteacherwhosoonwanderedon;butoutofthisschoolingverylittleresultbeyondthemasteryoftheABC。[8]
Andevenatthisage,apatheticeagernesstolearn,toinvadethewonderoftheprintedbook!Alsoamarkedkeennessofobservation。Heobservedthingswhichhiseldersoverlooked。
Hehadabettersenseofdirection,aswhenhecorrectedhisfatherandotherswhoweretakingthewrongshort-cuttoaburninghouse。Cool,unexcitable,hewascapableofpresenceofmind。Onceatnightwhenthedoorofthecabinwassuddenlythrownopenandamonsterappearedonthethreshold,aspectralthinginthedarkness,furry,withtheheadofanox,ThomasLincolnshrankbackaghast;littleAbraham,quicker-sightedandquicker-witted,slippedbehindthecreature,pulledatitsfurrymantle,andrevealedaforestDiana,aboldgirlwhoamusedherselfplayingdemonamongtheshadowsofthemoon。
Sevenyearspassedandhiseighthbirthdayapproached。AllthiswhileThomasLincolnhadsomehowkepthisfamilyinfood,butneverhadhemoneyinhispocket。Hissuccessivefarms,boughtoncredit,wereneverpaidfor。Anincurablevagrant,hecameatlasttothepsychologicalmomentwhenhecouldnolongerimposehimselfonhiscommunity。Hemusttaketotheroadinahazardofnewfortune。Indianaappearedtohimthelandofpromise。Mostofhisproperty——suchasitwas——excepthiscarpenter’stools,hetradedforwhisky,fourhundredgallons。Somehowheobtainedarattletrapwagonandtwohorses。
Thefamilyappeartohavebeenloathtogo。NancyLincolnhadlongbeenailingandinlowspirits,thinkingmuchofwhatmighthappentoherchildrenafterherdeath。Abrahamlovedthecountry-side,andhehadgoodfriendsinthemillerandhiskindoldmother。ButthevagrantThomaswouldhavehisway。
InthebrilliancyoftheWesternautumn,withtheruinedwoodsflamingscarletandgold,thesepoorpeopletooktheirlastlookatthecabinthathadbeentheirwretchedshelter,andsetforthintotheworld。[9]
IITHEMYSTERIOUSYOUTH
Vagrants,orlittlebetterthanvagrants,wereThomasLincolnandhisfamilymakingtheirwaytoIndiana。Forayearaftertheyarrivedtheyweresquatters,theirhomean“open-facedcamp,“thatis,ashantywithonewallmissing,andinsteadofchimney,afirebuiltontheopenside。Inthatmerepretenseofahouse,NancyLincolnandherchildrenspentthewinterof1816-1817。ThenThomasresortedtohisfamiliarpracticeoftakinglandoncredit。TheLincolnswerenowpartofa“settlement“ofsevenoreightfamiliesstrungalongalittlestreamknownasPigeonCreek。HereThomasenteredaquarter-
sectionoffairland,andinthecourseofthenextelevenyearssucceeded——wonderfultorelate——inpayingdownsufficientmoneytogivehimtitletoabouthalf。
Meanwhile,poorfadingNancywenttoherplace。PigeonCreekwasanout-of-the-waynookinthestillunsettledWest,andNancyduringthetwoyearsshelivedtherecouldnothaveenjoyedmuchoftheconsolationofherreligion。Perhapsnowandthenshehadghostlycouncilofsomestraycircuit-rider。
Butforherthedaysoftheecstasieshadgoneby;nogreatrevivalbrokethesealsofthespirit,stirreditsdeepwaters,alongPigeonCreek。Therewasnoreligiousservicewhenshewaslaidtorestinacoffinmadeofgreenlumberandfashionedbyherhusband。Monthspassed,thesnowlaydeep,beforeapassingcircuit-riderheldaburialserviceoverhergrave。
TraditionhasitthattheboyAbrahambroughtthisaboutverylikely,attenyearsold,hefeltthathertroubledspiritcouldnothavepeacetillthiswasdone。Shadowyassheis,ghostlikeacrossthepageofhistory,itisplainthatshewasarealitytoherson。Henotonlylovedherbutreveredher。
Hebelievedthatfromherhehadinheritedthebetterpartofhisgenius。Manyyearsafterherdeathhesaid,“Godblessmymother;allthatIamoreverhopetobeIowetoher。“
Nancywasnotlongwithoutasuccessor。ThomasLincoln,thenextyear,journeyedbacktoKentuckyandreturnedintriumphtoIndiana,bringingashiswife,anoldflameofhiswhohadmarried,hadbeenwidowed,andwasofamindforfurtheradventures。ThisSarahBushLincoln,oflessdistinctionthanNancy,appearstohavebeensteadier-mindedandstronger-willed。Evenbeforethis,Thomashadleftthehalf-facedcampandmovedintoacabin。Butsuchacabin!Ithadneitherdoor,norwindow,norfloor。SallyLincolnrequiredherhusbandtomakeofitaproperhouse——bythestandardsofPigeonCreek。Shehadbroughtwithherasherdowryawagonloadoffurniture。ThesecomfortstogetherwithherstrongwillbegananeweraofrelativecomfortintheLincolncabin。[1]
SallyLincolnwasakindstepmothertoAbrahamwhobecamestronglyattachedtoher。IntheroughandnondescriptcommunityofPigeonCreek,aworldofweedyfarms,ofmiserablemudroads,oflogfarm-houses,thefamilylifethatwasatleasttolerable。ThesordidmiserydescribedduringherregimeemergedfromwretchednesstoastateofbyalltherecordersofLincoln’searlydaysseemstohaveendedabouthistwelfthyear。Atleast,thevagrantsuggestiondisappeared。Thoughthelifethatsucceededwasvoidofluxury,thoughitwasrough,evenbrutal,dominatedbyacoarse,peasant-likeviewofthings,itwasscarcelybypeasantstandardsalifeofhardship。Therewasfoodsufficient,ifnotverygood;
protectionfromwindandweather;fireinthewintertime;
steadylabor;andsocialacceptancebythecommunityofthecreekside。Thatthelaborwashardandlong,wentwithoutsaying。Butastothat——asofthewhippingsinKentucky——whatelse,fromthepeasantpointofview,wouldyouexpect?
Abrahamtookitallwiththesamestoicismwithwhichhehadoncetakenthewhippings。Bytheunwrittenlawofthecreeksidehewashisfather’sproperty,andsowashislabor,untilhecameofage。Thomasusedhimasaservantorhiredhimouttootherfarmers。StrayrecollectionsshowusyoungAbrahamworkingasafarm-handfortwenty-fivecentstheday,probablywith“keep“inaddition;weglimpsehimslaughteringhogsskilfullyatthirty-onecentsaday,forthiswas“roughwork。“Hebecamenotedasanaxman。
Inthecrevices,sotospeak,ofhiscareerasafarm-hand,Abrahamgotafewmonthsofschooling,lessthanayearinall。
Astorythathasbeenrepeatedathousandtimesshowstherawyouthbythecabinfireatnightdoingsumsonthebackofawoodenshovel,andshavingoffitssurfacerepeatedlytogetafreshpage。Hedevouredeverybookthatcamehisway,onlyafewtobesure,butgenerallygreatones——theBible,ofcourse,andAesop,Crusoe,Pilgrim’sProgress,andafewhistories,theselastunfortunatelyofthepoorersort。Heearlydisplayedabentforcomposition,scribblingversesthatwereverypoor,andwritingburlesquetalesabouthisacquaintancesinwhatpassedforaBiblicalstyle。[2]
OnegreatexperiencebrokethemonotonyofthelifeonPigeonCreek。HemadeatriptoNewOrleansasa“hand“onaflatboat。Ofthistriplittleisknownthoughmuchmaybesurmised。Tohisdeeplypoeticnaturewhatanexperienceitmusthavebeen:themajestyofthevastriver;thepageantofitsimmensetravel;thesteamersheavilyladen;thefleetsofbarges;themanytowns;thenightsofstarsoverwidesweepsofwater;thestatelyplantationhousesalongthebanks;theoldFrenchcitywithitscrowds,itsbells,theshipping,thestrangefacesandtheforeignspeech;allthebewilderingevidencethattherewereotherworldsbesidesPigeonCreek!
WhatseedofnewthinkingwassowninhisimaginationbythisOdysseyweshallneverknow。TheobviouseffectinthetenyearsofhislifeinIndianawasproducedatPigeonCreek。The“settlement“waswithinfifteenmilesoftheOhio。ItlayinthatsoutherlyfringeofIndianawhichreceivedearlyinthecenturymanyfamiliesofmuchthesameestate,characterandoriginastheLincolns,——poorwhitesoftheedgesofthegreatforestworkingoutwardtowardtheprairies。Locatedongoodlandnotfarfromagreathighway,theOhio,itillustratedinitsrudeprosperityatransformationthatwentonunobservedinmanysuchsettlements,thetransformationofthewanderingforesterofthelowerclassintoapeasantfarmer。Itslifewasoftheearth,earthy;thoughitretainedthereligioustraditionsoftheforest,theirsignificancewasevaporating;
mysticismwasfadingintoemotionalism;thecamp-meetingwasdegeneratingintoapicnic。Thesupremesocialevent,thewedding,wasattendedbyfestivitiesthatfilledtwenty-fourhours:araceofmaleguestsintheforenoonwithabottleofwhiskyforaprize;anHomericdinneratmidday;“anafternoonofroughgamesandoutrageouspracticaljokes;asupperanddanceatnightinterruptedbythesuccessivewithdrawalsofthebrideandgroom,attendedbyceremoniesandjestsofmorethanRabelaisiancrudeness;andanoisydispersalnextday。“[3]Theintensitiesoftheforestsurvivedinharddrinking,inthefuryofthefun-making,andinthehunt。Theforestpassionforstorytellinghadinnowaydecreased。
Inthisatmosphere,abouteighteenandnineteen,Abrahamshotupsuddenlyfromaslenderboytoahuge,raw-honed,ungainlyman,sixfeetfourinchestall,ofunusualmuscularstrength。
Hisstrengthwasoneofthefixedconditionsofhisdevelopment。Itdeliveredhimfromallfearofhisfellows。