Mr。Parnell，inthecourseofhisspeech，referredtothemanufactureswhichhadatonetimeflourishedinIreland——totheflannelsofRathdrum，thelinensofBandon，thecottonsofCork，andtheglovesofLimerick。Whyshouldnotthesethingsexistagain？“Wehaveapeoplewhoarebynaturequickandfaciletolearn，whohaveshowninmanyothercountriesthattheyareindustriousandlaborious，andwhohavenotbeenexcelled——
　　whetherinthepursuitsofagricultureunderamiddaysuninthefield，oramongstthevastloomsinthefactorydistricts——bythepeopleofanycountryonthefaceoftheglobe。“[1]Mostjustandeloquent！
　　TheonlyweakpointinMr。Parnell’sspeechwaswhereheurgedhisaudience“nottouseanyarticleofthemanufactureofanyothercountryexceptIreland，whereyoucangetupanIrishmanufacture。“ThetrueremedyistomakeIrisharticlesofthebestandcheapest，andtheywillbebought，notonlybytheIrish，butbytheEnglishandpeopleofallnations。
　　Manufacturescannotbe“boycotted。“Theywillfindtheirwayintoalllands，inspiteevenofthemostrestrictivetariffs。
　　Take，forinstance，thecaseofBelfasthereaftertobereferredto。Ifthemanufacturingpopulationofthattownweretorelyfortheirmaintenanceonthedemandfortheirproductionsathome，theywouldsimplystarve。Buttheymakethebestandthecheapestgoodsoftheirkind，andhencethedemandforthemisworld-wide。
　　ThereisanabundantscopefortheemploymentofcapitalandskilledlabourinIreland。Duringthelastfewyearslandhasbeenfallingrapidlyoutofcultivation。Theareaundercerealcropshasaccordinglyconsiderablydecreased。[2]Since1868，notlessthan400，000acreshavebeendisusedforthispurpose。[3]
　　WheatcanbeboughtbetterandcheaperinAmerica，andimportedintoIrelandgroundintoflour。Theconsequenceis，thatthemenwhoworkedthesoil，aswellasthemenwhogroundthecorn，arethrownoutofemployment，andthereisnothingleftforthembutsubsistenceuponthepoor-rates，emigrationtoothercountries，oremploymentinsomenewdomesticindustry。
　　Irelandisbynomeansthe“poorIreland“thatsheiscommonlysupposedtobe。ThelastreturnsofthePostmaster-Generalshowthatsheisgrowinginwealth。Irishthrifthasbeensteadilyatworkduringthelasttwentyyears。SincetheestablishmentofthePostOfficeSavingsBanks，in1861，thedepositshaveannuallyincreasedinvalue。Attheendof1882，morethantwomillionssterlinghadbeendepositedinthesebanks，andeverycountyparticipatedintheincrease。[4]ThelargestaccumulationswereinthecountiesofDublin，Antrim，Cork，Down，Tipperary，andTyrone，intheordernamed。Besidesthisamount，thesumof2，082，413L。wasduetodepositorsintheordinarySavingsBanksonthe20thofNovember，1882；or，inall，morethanfourmillionssterling，thedepositsofsmallcapitalists。
　　AtCork，attheendoflastyear，itwasfoundthatthetotaldepositsmadeinthesavingsbankhadbeen76，000L，oranincreaseof6，675L。overtheprecedingtwelvemonths。Butthisisnotall。TheIrishmiddleclassesareaccustomedtodepositmostoftheirsavingsintheJointStockbanks；andfromthereturnspresentedtotheLordLieutenant，datedthe31stofJanuary，1883，wefindthatthesehadbeenmorethandoubledintwentyyears，thedepositsandcashbalanceshavingincreasedfrom14，389，000L。attheendof1862，to32，746，000L。attheendof1882。Duringthelastyeartheyhadincreasedbythesumof2，585，000L。“Solargeanincreaseinbankdepositsandcashbalances，“saystheReport，“ishighlysatisfactory。“ItmaybeaddedthattheinvestmentsinGovernmentandIndiaStock，onwhichdividendswerepaidattheBankofIreland，attheendof1882，amountedtonotlessthan31，804，000L。
　　ItisproperthatIrelandshouldbebountifulwithherincreasingmeans。Ithasbeenstatedthatduringthelasteighteenyearsherpeoplehavecontributednotlessthansixmillionssterlingforthepurposeofbuildingplacesofworship，convents，schools，andcolleges，inconnectionwiththeRomanCatholicChurch，nottospeakoftheircontributionsforotherpatrioticobjects。
　　ItwouldbeequallyproperifsomeofthesavedsurpluscapitalofIreland，assuggestedbyMr。Parnell，wereinvestedintheestablishmentofIrishmanufactures。Thiswouldnotonlygiveprofitableoccupationtotheunemployed，butenableIrelandtobecomeanincreasinglyexportingnation。WeareinformedbyanIrishbanker，thatthereisabundanceofmoneytobegotinIrelandforanyindustrywhichhasareasonablechanceofsuccess。Onething，however，iscertain:theremustbeperfectsafety。Anoldwriterhassaidthat“Governmentisabadgeoflostinnocence:thepalacesofkingsarebuiltupontheruinsofthebowersofparadise。“Themainuseofgovernmentisprotectionagainsttheweaknessesandselfishnessofhumannature。Iftherebenoprotectionforlife，liberty，property，andthefruitsofaccumulatedindustry，governmentbecomescomparativelyuseless，andsocietyisdrivenbackuponitsfirstprinciples。
　　Capitalisthemostsensitiveofallthings。Itfliesturbulenceandstrife，andthrivesonlyinsecurityandfreedom。Itmusthavecompletesafety。Iftamperedwithbyrestrictivelaws，orhamperedbycombinations，itsuddenlydisappears。“Theageofgloryofanation，“saidSirHumphryDavy，“istheageofitssecurity。Thesamedignifiedfeelingwhichurgesmentogainadominionovernaturewillpreservethemfromthedominionofslavery。Natural，andmoral，andreligionsknowledge，areofonefamily；andhappyisthecountryandgreatitsstrengthwheretheydwelltogetherinunion。“
　　Dublinwasoncecelebratedforitsshipbuilding，itstimber-trade，itsironmanufactures，anditssteam-printing；
　　Limerickwascelebratedforitsgloves；Kilkennyforitsblankets；Bandonforitswoollenandlinenmanufactures。Butmostofthesetradeswerebanishedbystrikes。[5]Dr。DoylestatedbeforetheIrishCommitteeof1830，thatthealmosttotalextinctionoftheKilkennyblanket-tradewasattributabletothecombinationsoftheweavers；andO’ConnelladmittedthatTradesUnionshadwroughtmoreeviltoIrelandthanabsenteeismandSaxonmaladministration。Butworkingmenhaverecentlybecomemoreprudentandthrifty；anditisbelievedthatundertheimprovedsystemofmoderatecounsel，andarbitrationbetweenemployersandemployed，amorehopefulissueislikelytoattendthefutureofsuchenterprises。
　　Anotherthingisclear。Acountrymaybelevelleddownbyidlenessandignorance；itcanonlybelevelledupbyindustryandintelligence。Itiseasytopulldown；itisverydifficulttobuildup。Thehandsthatcannoterectahovelmaydemolishapalace。WehavebuttolooktoSwitzerlandtoseewhatacountrymaybecomewhichmixesitsindustrywithitsbrains。Thatlittlelandhasnocoal，noseaboardbywhichshecanintroduceit，andisshutofffromothercountriesbyloftymountains，aswellasbyhostiletariffs；andyetSwitzerlandisoneofthemostprosperousnationsinEurope，becausegovernedandregulatedbyintelligentindustry。LetIrelandlooktoSwitzerland，andsheneednotdespair。
　　Irelandisamuchrichercountrybynaturethanisgenerallysupposed。Infact，shehasnotyetbeenproperlyexplored。
　　Thereiscopper-oreinWicklow，Waterford，andCork。TheLeitrimiron-oresarefamousfortheirriches；andthereisgoodironstoneinKilkenny，aswellasinUlster。TheConnaughtoresaremixedwithcoal-beds。Kaolin，porcelainclay，andcoarserclay，abound；butitisonlyatBelleekthatithasbeenemployedinthepotterymanufacture。ButtheseaaboutIrelandisstilllessexploredthantheland。AllroundtheAtlanticseaboardoftheIrishcoastareshoalsofherringandmackerel，whichmightbefoodformen，butareatpresentonlyconsumedbythemultitudesofsea-birdswhichfollowthem。
　　InthedailypapersgivinganaccountoftheCorkExhibition，appearedthefollowingparagraph:“AninterestingexhibitwillbeaquantityofpreservedherringsfromLowestoft，caughtofftheoldheadofKinsale，andreturnedtoCorkafterundergoingapreservingprocessinEngland。“[6]FishcaughtoffthecoastofIrelandbyEnglishfishermen，takentoEnglandandcured，andthen“returnedtoCork“forexhibition！HereisanopeningforpatrioticIrishmen。Whynotcatchandpreservethefishathome，andgettheentirebenefitofthefishtraffic？WillitbebelievedthatthereisprobablymoremoneyvalueintheseasroundIrelandthanthereisinthelanditself？ThisisactuallythecasewiththesearoundthecountyofAberdeen。[7]
　　AvastsourceofwealthliesattheverydoorsoftheIrishpeople。Buttheharvestofanoceanteemingwithlifeisallowedtopassintootherhands。ThemajorityoftheboatswhichtakepartinthefisheryatKinsalearefromthelittleislandofMan，fromCornwall，fromFrance，andfromScotland。Thefishermencatchthefish，saltthem，andcarrythemorsendthemaway。
　　WhiletheIrishboatsarediminishinginnumber，thoseofthestrangersareincreasing。InanEastLothianpaper，publishedinMay1881，Ifindthefollowingparagraph，undertheheadofCockenzie:-
　　“DepartureofBoats——Intheearlypartofthisweek，anumberoftheboatsherehaveleftfortheherring-fisheryatKinsale，inIreland。ThesuccessattendingtheirlabourslastyearatthatplaceandatHowthhasinducedmoreofthemthanusualtoproceedthitherthisyear。“
　　ItmaynotbegenerallyknownthatCockenzieisalittlefishingvillageontheFirthofForth，inScotland，wherethefishermenhaveprovidedthemselves，attheirownexpense，withaboutfiftydeckedfishing-boats，eachcosting，withnetsandgear，about500L。WiththeseboatstheycarryontheirpursuitsonthecoastofScotland，England，andIreland。In1882，theysentaboutthirtyboatstoKinsale[8]andHowth。Theprofitsoftheirfishinghasbeensuchastoenablethem，withtheassistanceofLordWemyss，tobuildforthemselvesaconvenientharbouratPortSeaton，withoutanyhelpfromtheGovernment。Theyfindthatself-helpisthebesthelp，andthatitisabsurdtolooktotheGovernmentandthepublicpurseforwhattheycanbestdoforthemselves。
　　ThewealthoftheoceanroundIrelandhaslongbeenknown。Aslongagoastheninthandtenthcenturies，theDanesestablishedafisheryoffthewesterncoasts，andcarriedonalucrativetradewiththesouthofEurope。InQueenMary’sreign，PhilipII。ofSpainpaid1000L。annuallyinconsiderationofhissubjectsbeingallowedtofishonthenorth-westcoastofIreland；anditappearsthatthemoneywasbroughtintotheIrishExchequer。In1650，Swedenwaspermitted，asafavour，toemployahundredvesselsintheIrishfishery；andtheDutchinthereignofCharlesI。wereadmittedtothefisheriesonthepaymentof30，000L。In1673，SirW。Temple，inalettertoLordEssex，saysthat“thefishingofIrelandmightproveamineunderwaterasrichasanyunderground。“[9]
　　ThecoastsofIrelandaboundinallthekindsoffishincommonuse——cod，ling，haddock，hake，mackerel，herring，whiting，conger，turbot，brill，bream，soles，plaice，dories，andsalmon。
　　ThebanksoffthecoastofGalwayarefrequentedbymyriadsofexcellentfish；yet，ofthesmallquantitycaught，thebulkistakenintheimmediateneighbourhoodoftheshores。Galwaybayissaidtobethefinestfishinggroundintheworld；butthefishcannotbeexpectedtocomeonshoreunsought:theymustbefound，followed，andnetted。Thefishing-boatsfromthewestofScotlandareverysuccessful；andtheyoftenreturnthefishtoIreland，cured，whichhadbeentakenoutoftheIrishbays。“I
　　testedthisfactinGalway，“saysMr。S。C。Hall。“Ihadorderedfishfordinner；twosalthaddockswerebroughttome。Oninquiry，Iascertainedwheretheywerebought，andlearnedfromthesellerthathewastheagentofaScotchfirm，whoseboatswereatthattimeloadinginthebay。“[10]ButalthoughScotlandimportssome80，000barrelsofcuredherringsannuallyintoIreland，thatisnotenough；forwefindthatthereisaregularimportationofcuredherrings，cod，ling，andhake，fromNewfoundlandandNovaScotia，towardsthefoodoftheIrishpeople。[11]
　　ThefishingvillageofCladdagh，atGalway，ismoredecayingthanever。Itseemstohavesufferedfromabombardment，liketherestofthetown。Thehousesofthefishermen，whentheyfallin，areleftinruins。WhiletheFrench，andEnglish，andScotchboatsleavethecoastladenwithfish，theCladdaghmenremainempty-handed。Theywillonlyfishon“luckydays，“sothattheGalwaymarketisoftendestituteoffish，whiletheCladdaghpeoplearestarving。OnoneoccasionanEnglishcompanywasformedforthepurposeoffishingandcuringfishatGalway，asisnowdoneatYarmouth，Grimsby，Fraserburgh，Wick，andotherplaces。Operationswerecommenced，butsosoonastheEnglishfishermenputtoseaintheirboats，theCladdaghmenfelluponthem，andtheyweregladtoescapewiththeirlives。[12]
　　Unfortunately，theCladdaghmenhavenoorganization，nofixedrules，nosettleddeterminationtowork，unlesswhenpressedbynecessity。Theappearanceofthemenandoftheircabinsshowthattheyaregreatlyinwantofcapital；andfishingcannotbesuccessfullyperformedwithoutasufficiencyofthisindustrialelement。