BK11CH19
CHAPTERXIX
Kutuzov’sordertoretreatthroughMoscowtotheRyazanroadwasissuedatnightonthefirstofSeptember。
Thefirsttroopsstartedatonce，andduringthenighttheymarchedslowlyandsteadilywithouthurry。Atdaybreak，however，thosenearingthetownattheDorogomilovbridgesawaheadofthemmassesofsoldierscrowdingandhurryingacrossthebridge，ascendingontheoppositesideandblockingthestreetsandalleys，whileendlessmassesoftroopswerebearingdownonthemfrombehind，andanunreasoninghurryandalarmovercamethem。Theyallrushedforwardtothebridge，ontoit，andtothefordsandtheboats。KutuzovhimselfhaddrivenroundbysidestreetstotheothersideofMoscow。
Byteno’clockinthemorningofthesecondofSeptember，onlytherearguardremainedintheDorogomilovsuburb，wheretheyhadampleroom。ThemainarmywasontheothersideofMoscoworbeyondit。
Atthatverytime，atteninthemorningofthesecondofSeptember，NapoleonwasstandingamonghistroopsonthePoklonnyHilllookingatthepanoramaspreadoutbeforehim。Fromthetwenty—sixthofAugusttothesecondofSeptember，thatisfromthebattleofBorodinototheentryoftheFrenchintoMoscow，duringthewholeofthatagitating，memorableweek，therehadbeentheextraordinaryautumnweatherthatalwayscomesasasurprise，whenthesunhangslowandgivesmoreheatthaninspring，wheneverythingshinessobrightlyintherareclearatmospherethattheeyessmart，whenthelungsarestrengthenedandrefreshedbyinhalingthearomaticautumnair，wheneventhenightsarewarm，andwheninthosedarkwarmnights，goldenstarsstartleanddelightuscontinuallybyfallingfromthesky。
AtteninthemorningofthesecondofSeptemberthisweatherstillheld。
Thebrightnessofthemorningwasmagical。MoscowseenfromthePoklonnyHilllayspaciouslyspreadoutwithherriver，hergardens，andherchurches，andsheseemedtobelivingherusuallife，hercupolasglitteringlikestarsinthesunlight。
Theviewofthestrangecitywithitspeculiararchitecture，suchashehadneverseenbefore，filledNapoleonwiththeratherenviousanduneasycuriositymenfeelwhentheyseeanalienformoflifethathasnoknowledgeofthem。Thiscitywasevidentlylivingwiththefullforceofitsownlife。Bytheindefinitesignswhich，evenatadistance，distinguishalivingbodyfromadeadone，NapoleonfromthePoklonnyHillperceivedthethroboflifeinthetownandfelt，asitwere，thebreathingofthatgreatandbeautifulbody。
EveryRussianlookingatMoscowfeelshertobeamother；everyforeignerwhoseesher，evenifignorantofhersignificanceasthemothercity，mustfeelherfemininecharacter，andNapoleonfeltit。
"Cettevilleasiatiqueauxinnombrableseglises，Moscoulasainte。
Lavoiladoneenfin，cettefameuseville！Iletaittemps，"*saidhe，anddismountingheorderedaplanofMoscowtobespreadoutbeforehim，andsummonedLelorgned’Ideville，theinterpreter。
*"ThatAsiaticcityoftheinnumerablechurches，holyMoscow！Hereitisthenatlast，thatfamouscity。Itwashightime。"
"Atowncapturedbytheenemyislikeamaidwhohaslostherhonor，"thoughthehehadsaidsotoTuchkovatSmolensk。FromthatpointofviewhegazedattheOrientalbeautyhehadnotseenbefore。Itseemedstrangetohimthathislong—feltwish，whichhadseemedunattainable，hadatlastbeenrealized。Intheclearmorninglighthegazednowatthecityandnowattheplan，consideringitsdetails，andtheassuranceofpossessingitagitatedandawedhim。
"Butcoulditbeotherwise？"hethought。"Hereisthiscapitalatmyfeet。WhereisAlexandernow，andofwhatishethinking？Astrange，beautiful，andmajesticcity；andastrangeandmajesticmoment！InwhatlightmustIappeartothem！"thoughthe，thinkingofhistroops。
"Heresheis，therewardforallthosefaintheartedmen，"hereflected，glancingatthosenearhimandatthetroopswhowereapproachingandformingup。"Onewordfromme，onemovementofmyhand，andthatancientcapitaloftheTsarswouldperish。Butmyclemencyisalwaysreadytodescenduponthevanquished。Imustbemagnanimousandtrulygreat。Butno，itcan’tbetruethatIaminMoscow，"hesuddenlythought。"Yetheresheislyingatmyfeet，withhergoldendomesandcrossesscintillatingandtwinklinginthesunshine。ButIshallspareher。OntheancientmonumentsofbarbarismanddespotismIwillinscribegreatwordsofjusticeandmercy……
ItisjustthiswhichAlexanderwillfeelmostpainfully，Iknowhim。"
ItseemedtoNapoleonthatthechiefimportofwhatwastakingplacelayinthepersonalstrugglebetweenhimselfandAlexander。
"FromtheheightoftheKremlin—yes，thereistheKremlin，yes—I
willgivethemjustlaws；Iwillteachthemthemeaningoftruecivilization，Iwillmakegenerationsofboyarsremembertheirconquerorwithlove。IwilltellthedeputationthatIdidnot，anddonot，desirewar，thatIhavewagedwaronlyagainstthefalsepolicyoftheircourt；thatIloveandrespectAlexanderandthatinMoscowI
willaccepttermsofpeaceworthyofmyselfandofmypeople。Idonotwishtoutilizethefortunesofwartohumiliateanhonoredmonarch。
’Boyars，’Iwillsaytothem，’Idonotdesirewar，Idesirethepeaceandwelfareofallmysubjects。’However，Iknowtheirpresencewillinspireme，andIshallspeaktothemasIalwaysdo：clearly，impressively，andmajestically。ButcanitbetruethatIaminMoscow？Yes，thereshelies。"
"Qu’onm’amenelesboyars，"*saidhetohissuite。
*"Bringtheboyarstome。"
Ageneralwithabrilliantsuitegallopedoffatoncetofetchtheboyars。
Twohourspassed。NapoleonhadlunchedandwasagainstandinginthesameplaceonthePoklonnyHillawaitingthedeputation。Hisspeechtotheboyarshadalreadytakendefiniteshapeinhisimagination。ThatspeechwasfullofdignityandgreatnessasNapoleonunderstoodit。
HewashimselfcarriedawaybythetoneofmagnanimityheintendedtoadopttowardMoscow。InhisimaginationheappointeddaysforassembliesatthepalaceoftheTsars，atwhichRussiannotablesandhisownwouldmingle。Hementallyappointedagovernor，onewhowouldwintheheartsofthepeople。HavinglearnedthatthereweremanycharitableinstitutionsinMoscowhementallydecidedthathewouldshowerfavorsonthemall。Hethoughtthat，asinAfricahehadtoputonaburnooseandsitinamosque，soinMoscowhemustbebeneficentliketheTsars。AndinorderfinallytotouchtheheartsoftheRussians—andbeinglikeallFrenchmenunabletoimagineanythingsentimentalwithoutareferencetomachere，matendre，mapauvremere*—hedecidedthathewouldplaceaninscriptiononalltheseestablishmentsinlargeletters："Thisestablishmentisdedicatedtomydearmother。"Orno，itshouldbesimply：MaisondemaMere，*[2]heconcluded。"ButamIreallyinMoscow？Yes，hereitliesbeforeme，butwhyisthedeputationfromthecitysolonginappearing？"hewondered。
*"Mydear，mytender，mypoormother。"
*[2]"HouseofmyMother。"
Meanwhileanagitatedconsultationwasbeingcarriedoninwhispersamonghisgeneralsandmarshalsattherearofhissuite。
ThosesenttofetchthedeputationhadreturnedwiththenewsthatMoscowwasempty，thateveryonehadleftit。Thefacesofthosewhowerenotconferringtogetherwerepaleandperturbed。TheywerenotalarmedbythefactthatMoscowhadbeenabandonedbyitsinhabitantsgraveasthatfactseemed，butbythequestionhowtotelltheEmperor—withoutputtinghimintheterriblepositionofappearingridiculous—thathehadbeenawaitingtheboyarssolonginvain：thatthereweredrunkenmobsleftinMoscowbutnooneelse。Somesaidthatadeputationofsomesortmustbescrapedtogether，othersdisputedthatopinionandmaintainedthattheEmperorshouldfirstbecarefullyandskillfullyprepared，andthentoldthetruth。
"Hewillhavetobetold，allthesame，"saidsomegentlemenofthesuite。"But，gentlemen……"
ThepositionwasthemoreawkwardbecausetheEmperor，meditatinguponhismagnanimousplans，waspacingpatientlyupanddownbeforetheoutspreadmap，occasionallyglancingalongtheroadtoMoscowfromunderhisliftedhandwithabrightandproudsmile。
"Butit’simpossible……"declaredthegentlemenofthesuite，shruggingtheirshouldersbutnotventuringtouttertheimpliedword—
leridicule……
AtlasttheEmperor，tiredoffutileexpectation，hisactor’sinstinctsuggestingtohimthatthesublimemomenthavingbeentoolongdrawnoutwasbeginningtoloseitssublimity，gaveasignwithhishand。Asinglereportofasignalinggunfollowed，andthetroops，whowerealreadyspreadoutondifferentsidesofMoscow，movedintothecitythroughTver，Kaluga，andDorogomilovgates。Fasterandfaster，vyingwithoneanother，theymovedatthedoubleoratatrot，vanishingamidthecloudsofdusttheyraisedandmakingtheairringwithadeafeningroarofminglingshouts。
DrawnonbythemovementofhistroopsNapoleonrodewiththemasfarastheDorogomilovgate，butthereagainstoppedand，dismountingfromhishorse，pacedforalongtimebytheKammer—Kollezskirampart，awaitingthedeputation。
BK11CH20
CHAPTERXX
MeanwhileMoscowwasempty。Therewerestillpeopleinit，perhapsafiftiethpartofitsformerinhabitantshadremained，butitwasempty。Itwasemptyinthesensethatadyingqueenlesshiveisempty。
Inaqueenlesshivenolifeisleftthoughtoasuperficialglanceitseemsasmuchaliveasotherhives。
Thebeescircleroundaqueenlesshiveinthehotbeamsofthemiddaysunasgailyasaroundthelivinghives；fromadistanceitsmellsofhoneyliketheothers，andbeesflyinandoutinthesameway。Butonehasonlytoobservethathivetorealizethatthereisnolongeranylifeinit。Thebeesdonotflyinthesameway，thesmellandthesoundthatmeetthebeekeeperarenotthesame。Tothebeekeeper’staponthewallofthesickhive，insteadoftheformerinstantunanimoushummingoftensofthousandsofbeeswiththeirabdomensthreateninglycompressed，andproducingbytherapidvibrationoftheirwingsanaeriallivingsound，theonlyreplyisadisconnectedbuzzingfromdifferentpartsofthedesertedhive。Fromthealightingboard，insteadoftheformerspirituousfragrantsmellofhoneyandvenom，andthewarmwhiffsofcrowdedlife，comesanodorofemptinessanddecayminglingwiththesmellofhoney。Therearenolongersentinelssoundingthealarmwiththeirabdomensraised，andreadytodieindefenseofthehive。Thereisnolongerthemeasuredquietsoundofthrobbingactivity，likethesoundofboilingwater，butdiversediscordantsoundsofdisorder。Inandoutofthehivelongblackrobberbeessmearedwithhoneyflytimidlyandshiftily。Theydonotsting，butcrawlawayfromdanger。Formerlyonlybeesladenwithhoneyflewintothehive，andtheyflewoutempty；nowtheyflyoutladen。Thebeekeeperopensthelowerpartofthehiveandpeersin。
Insteadofblack，glossybees—tamedbytoil，clingingtooneanother’slegsanddrawingoutthewax，withaceaselesshumoflabor—
thatusedtohanginlongclustersdowntothefloorofthehive，drowsyshriveledbeescrawlaboutseparatelyinvariousdirectionsonthefloorandwallsofthehive。Insteadofaneatlygluedfloor，sweptbythebeeswiththefanningoftheirwings，thereisafloorlitteredwithbitsofwax，excrement，dyingbeesscarcelymovingtheirlegs，anddeadonesthathavenotbeenclearedaway。
Thebeekeeperopenstheupperpartofthehiveandexaminesthesuper。Insteadofserriedrowsofbeessealingupeverygapinthecombsandkeepingthebroodwarm，heseestheskillfulcomplexstructuresofthecombs，butnolongerintheirformerstateofpurity。Allisneglectedandfoul。Blackrobberbeesareswiftlyandstealthilyprowlingaboutthecombs，andtheshorthomebees，shriveledandlistlessasiftheywereold，creepslowlyaboutwithouttryingtohindertherobbers，havinglostallmotiveandallsenseoflife。Drones，bumblebees，wasps，andbutterfliesknockawkwardlyagainstthewallsofthehiveintheirflight。Hereandthereamongthecellscontainingdeadbroodandhoneyanangrybuzzingcansometimesbeheard。Hereandthereacoupleofbees，byforceofhabitandcustomcleaningoutthebroodcells，witheffortsbeyondtheirstrengthlaboriouslydragawayadeadbeeorbumblebeewithoutknowingwhytheydoit。Inanothercornertwooldbeesarelanguidlyfighting，orcleaningthemselves，orfeedingoneanother，withoutthemselvesknowingwhethertheydoitwithfriendlyorhostileintent。Inathirdplaceacrowdofbees，crushingoneanother，attacksomevictimandfightandsmotherit，andthevictim，enfeebledorkilled，dropsfromaboveslowlyandlightlyasafeather，amongtheheapofcorpses。
Thekeeperopensthetwocenterpartitionstoexaminethebroodcells。
Inplaceoftheformerclosedarkcirclesformedbythousandsofbeessittingbacktobackandguardingthehighmysteryofgeneration，heseeshundredsofdull，listless，andsleepyshellsofbees。Theyhavealmostalldiedunawares，sittinginthesanctuarytheyhadguardedandwhichisnownomore。Theyreekofdecayanddeath。Onlyafewofthemstillmove，rise，andfeeblyflytosettleontheenemy’shand，lackingthespirittodiestinginghim；therestaredeadandfallaslightlyasfishscales。Thebeekeeperclosesthehive，chalksamarkonit，andwhenhehastimetearsoutitscontentsandburnsitclean。
SointhesamewayMoscowwasemptywhenNapoleon，weary，uneasy，andmorose，pacedupanddowninfrontoftheKammer—Kollezskirampart，awaitingwhattohismindwasanecessary，ifbutformal，observanceoftheproprieties—adeputation。
InvariouscornersofMoscowtherestillremainedafewpeopleaimlesslymovingabout，followingtheiroldhabitsandhardlyawareofwhattheyweredoing。
WhenwithduecircumspectionNapoleonwasinformedthatMoscowwasempty，helookedangrilyathisinformant，turnedaway，andsilentlycontinuedtowalktoandfro。
"Mycarriage！"hesaid。
Hetookhisseatbesidetheaide—de—campondutyanddroveintothesuburb。"Moscowdeserted！"hesaidtohimself。"Whatanincredibleevent！"
Hedidnotdriveintothetown，butputupataninnintheDorogomilovsuburb。
Thecoupdetheatrehadnotcomeoff。
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CHAPTERXXI
TheRussiantroopswerepassingthroughMoscowfromtwoo’clockatnighttilltwointheafternoonandboreawaywiththemthewoundedandthelastoftheinhabitantswhowereleaving。
ThegreatestcrushduringthemovementofthetroopstookplaceattheStone，Moskva，andYauzabridges。
Whilethetroops，dividingintotwopartswhenpassingaroundtheKremlin，werethrongingtheMoskvaandtheStonebridges，agreatmanysoldiers，takingadvantageofthestoppageandcongestion，turnedbackfromthebridgesandslippedstealthilyandsilentlypastthechurchofVasilitheBeatifiedandundertheBorovitskigate，backupthehilltotheRedSquarewheresomeinstincttoldthemtheycouldeasilytakethingsnotbelongingtothem。CrowdsofthekindseenatcheapsalesfilledallthepassagesandalleysoftheBazaar。Buttherewerenodealerswithvoicesofingratiatingaffabilityinvitingcustomerstoenter；therewerenohawkers，northeusualmotleycrowdoffemalepurchasers—butonlysoldiers，inuniformsandovercoatsthoughwithoutmuskets，enteringtheBazaarempty—handedandsilentlymakingtheirwayoutthroughitspassageswithbundles。Tradesmenandtheirassistantsofwhomtherewerebutfewmovedaboutamongthesoldiersquitebewildered。Theyunlockedtheirshopsandlockedthemupagain，andthemselvescarriedgoodsawaywiththehelptheirassistants。OnthesquareinfrontoftheBazaarweredrummersbeatingthemustercall。Buttherollofthedrumsdidnotmakethelootingsoldiersruninthedirectionofthedrumasformerly，butmadethem，onthecontrary，runfartheraway。Amongthesoldiersintheshopsandpassagessomemenweretobeseeningraycoats，withcloselyshavenheads。Twoofficers，onewithascarfoverhisuniformandmountedonalean，dark—grayhorse，theotherinanovercoatandonfoot，stoodatthecornerofIlyinkaStreet，talking。Athirdofficergallopeduptothem。
"Thegeneralordersthemalltobedrivenoutatonce，withoutfail。
Thisisoutrageous！Halfthemenhavedispersed。"
"Whereareyouoffto？……Where？……"heshoutedtothreeinfantrymenwithoutmusketswho，holdinguptheskirtsoftheirovercoats，wereslippingpasthimintotheBazaarpassage。"Stop，yourascals！"
"Buthowareyougoingtostopthem？"repliedanotherofficer。
"Thereisnogettingthemtogether。Thearmyshouldpushonbeforetherestbolt，that’sall！"
"Howcanonepushon？Theyarestuckthere，wedgedonthebridge，anddon’tmove。Shouldn’tweputacordonroundtopreventtherestfromrunningaway？"
"Come，gointhereanddrivethemout！"shoutedtheseniorofficer。
Theofficerinthescarfdismounted，calledupadrummer，andwentwithhimintothearcade。Somesoldiersstartedrunningawayinagroup。Ashopkeeperwithredpimplesonhischeeksnearthenose，andacalm，persistent，calculatingexpressiononhisplumpface，hurriedlyandostentatiouslyapproachedtheofficer，swinginghisarms。
"Yourhonor！"saidhe。"Besogoodastoprotectus！Wewon’tgrudgetrifles，youarewelcometoanything—weshallbedelighted！
Pray！……I’llfetchapieceofclothatonceforsuchanhonorablegentleman，oreventwopieceswithpleasure。Forwefeelhowitis；
butwhat’sallthis—sheerrobbery！Ifyouplease，couldnotguardsbeplacedifonlytoletusclosetheshop……"
Severalshopkeeperscrowdedroundtheofficer。
"Eh，whattwaddle！"saidoneofthem，athin，stern—lookingman。
"Whenone’sheadisgoneonedoesn’tweepforone’shair！Takewhatanyofyoulike！"Andflourishinghisarmenergeticallyheturnedsidewaystotheofficer。
"It’sallverywellforyou，IvanSidorych，totalk，"saidthefirsttradesmanangrily。"Pleasestepinside，yourhonor！"
"Talkindeed！"criedthethinone。"InmythreeshopshereIhaveahundredthousandrubles’worthofgoods。Cantheybesavedwhenthearmyhasgone？Eh，whatpeople！’AgainstGod’smightourhandscan’tfight。’"
"Comeinside，yourhonor！"repeatedthetradesman，bowing。
Theofficerstoodperplexedandhisfaceshowedindecision。
"It’snotmybusiness！"heexclaimed，andstrodeonquicklydownoneofthepassages。
Fromoneopenshopcamethesoundofblowsandvituperation，andjustastheofficercameuptoitamaninagraycoatwithashavenheadwasflungoutviolently。
Thisman，bentdouble，rushedpastthetradesmanandtheofficer。
Theofficerpouncedonthesoldierswhowereintheshops，butatthatmomentfearfulscreamsreachedthemfromthehugecrowdontheMoskvabridgeandtheofficerranoutintothesquare。
"Whatisit？Whatisit？"heasked，buthiscomradewasalreadygallopingoffpastVasilitheBeatifiedinthedirectionfromwhichthescreamscame。
Theofficermountedhishorseandrodeafterhim。Whenhereachedthebridgehesawtwounlimberedguns，theinfantrycrossingthebridge，severaloverturnedcarts，andfrightenedandlaughingfacesamongthetroops。Besidethecannonacartwasstandingtowhichtwohorseswereharnessed。Fourborzoiswithcollarswerepressingclosetothewheels。Thecartwasloadedhigh，andattheverytop，besideachild’schairwithitslegsintheair，satapeasantwomanutteringpiercinganddesperateshrieks。HewastoldbyhisfellowofficersthatthescreamsofthecrowdandtheshrieksofthewomanwereduetothefactthatGeneralErmolov，cominguptothecrowdandlearningthatsoldiersweredispersingamongtheshopswhilecrowdsofciviliansblockedthebridge，hadorderedtwogunstobeunlimberedandmadeashowoffiringatthebridge。Thecrowd，crushingoneanother，upsettingcarts，andshoutingandsqueezingdesperately，hadclearedoffthebridgeandthetroopswerenowmovingforward。
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CHAPTERXXII
Meanwhile，thecityitselfwasdeserted。Therewashardlyanyoneinthestreets。Thegatesandshopswereallclosed，onlyhereandthereroundthetavernssolitaryshoutsordrunkensongscouldbeheard。Nobodydrovethroughthestreetsandfootstepswererarelyheard。ThePovarskayawasquitestillanddeserted。ThehugecourtyardoftheRostovs’housewaslitteredwithwispsofhayandwithdungfromthehorses，andnotasoulwastobeseenthere。Inthegreatdrawingroomofthehouse，whichhadbeenleftwithallitcontained，weretwopeople。TheyweretheyardporterIgnat，andthepageboyMishka，Vasilich’sgrandsonwhohadstayedinMoscowwithhisgrandfather。Mishkahadopenedtheclavichordandwasstrummingonitwithonefinger。Theyardporter，hisarmsakimbo，stoodsmilingwithsatisfactionbeforethelargemirror。
"Isn’titfine，eh，UncleIgnat？"saidtheboy，suddenlybeginningtostrikethekeyboardwithbothhands。
"Onlyfancy！"answeredIgnat，surprisedatthebroadeninggrinonhisfaceinthemirror。
"Impudence！Impudence！"theyheardbehindthemthevoiceofMavraKuzminichnawhohadenteredsilently。"Howhe’sgrinning，thefatmug！
Isthatwhatyou’reherefor？Nothing’sclearedawaydownthereandVasilichiswornout。Justyouwaitabit！"
Ignatleftoffsmiling，adjustedhisbelt，andwentoutoftheroomwithmeeklydowncasteyes。
"Aunt，Ididitgently，"saidtheboy。
"I’llgiveyousomethinggently，youmonkeyyou！"criedMavraKuzminichna，raisingherarmthreateningly。"Goandgetthesamovartoboilforyourgrandfather。"
MavraKuzminichnaflickedthedustofftheclavichordandclosedit，andwithadeepsighleftthedrawingroomandlockeditsmaindoor。
Goingoutintotheyardshepausedtoconsiderwheresheshouldgonext—todrinkteaintheservants’wingwithVasilich，orintothestoreroomtoputawaywhatstilllayabout。
Sheheardthesoundofquickfootstepsinthequietstreet。
Someonestoppedatthegate，andthelatchrattledassomeonetriedtoopenit。MavraKuzminichnawenttothegate。
"Whodoyouwant？"
"Thecount—CountIlyaAndreevichRostov。"
"Andwhoareyou？"
"Anofficer，Ihavetoseehim，"camethereplyinapleasant，well—bredRussianvoice。
MavraKuzminichnaopenedthegateandanofficerofeighteen，withtheroundfaceofaRostov，enteredtheyard。
"Theyhavegoneaway，sir。Wentawayyesterdayatvespertime，"
saidMavraKuzminichnacordially。
Theyoungofficerstandinginthegateway，asifhesitatingwhethertoenterornot，clickedhistongue。
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