Indeed，thelevyingofblack-mailwas，before1745，practisedbyseveralchiefsofveryhighrank，who，indoingso，contendedthattheywerelendingthelawstheassistanceoftheirarmsandswords，andaffordingaprotectionwhichcouldnotbeobtainedfromthemagistracyinthedisturbedstateofthecountry。TheauthorhasseenamemoirofMac-PhersonofCluny，chiefofthatancientclan，fromwhichitappearsthatheleviedprotection-moneytoaverylargeamount，whichwaswillinglypaidevenbysomeofhismostpowerfulneighbours。Agentlemanofthisclanhearingaclergy-manholdforthtohiscongregationonthecrimeoftheft，interruptedthepreachertoassurehim，hemightleavetheenforcementofsuchdoctrinestoClunyMac-Pherson，whosebroadswordwouldputastoptotheftsoonerthanallthesermonsofalltheministersofthesynod。
　　NoteG，p。-RobRoy。
　　Anadventure，verysimilartowhatisherestated，actuallybefelthelateMr。AbercrombyofTullibody，grandfatherofthepresentLordAbercromby，andfatherofthecelebratedSirRalph。Whenthisgentleman，wholivedtoaveryadvancedperiodoflife，firstsettledinStirlingshire，hiscattlewererepeatedlydrivenoffbythecelebratedRobRoy，orsomeofhisgang；
　　andatlengthhewasobliged，afterobtainingapropersafe-conduct，tomaketheCateransuchavisitasthatofWaverleytoBeanLeaninthetext。Robreceivedhimwithmuchcourtesy，andmademanyapologiesfortheaccident，whichmusthavehappened，hesaid，throughsomemistake。
　　Mr。Abercrombywasregaledwithcollopsfromtwoofhisowncattle，whichwerehungupbytheheelsinthecavern，andwasdismissedinperfectsafety，afterhavingagreedtopayinfutureasmallsumofblack-mail，inconsiderationofwhichRobRoynotonlyundertooktoforbearhisherdsinfuture，buttoreplaceanythatshouldbestolenfromhimbyotherfreebooters。Mr。Abercrombysaid，RobRoyaffectedtoconsiderhimasafriendtotheJacobiteinterest，andasincereenemytotheUnion。
　　Neitherofthesecircumstancesweretrue；butthelairdthoughtitquiteunnecessarytoundeceivehisHighlandhostattheriskofbringingonapoliticaldisputeinsuchasituation。ThisanecdoteIreceivedmanyyearssinceabout1792fromthemouthofthevenerablegentlemanwhowasconcernedinit。
　　NoteH，p。-KindGallowsofCrieff。
　　Thiscelebratedgibbetwas，inthememoryofthelastgeneration，stillstandingatthewesternendofthetownofCrieff，inPerthshire。Whyitwascalledthe_kind_gallows，weareunabletoinformthereaderwithcertainty；butitisallegedthattheHighlandersusedtotouchtheirbonnetsastheypassedaplacewhichhadbeenfataltomanyoftheircountrymen，withtheejaculation-Godblesshernainsell，andtheTeiltamnyou！’’Itmaythereforehavebeencalledkind，asbeingasortofnativeorkindredplaceofdoomtothosewhosufferedthere，asinfulfilmentofanaturaldestiny。
　　NoteI，p。-Caterans。
　　Thestoryofthebridegroom，carriedoffbyCaterans，onhisbridal-day，istakenfromonewhichwastoldtotheauthorbythelateLairdofMac-Nab，manyyearssince。TocarryoffpersonsfromtheLowlands，andtoputthemtoransom，wasacommonpracticewiththewildHighlanders，asitissaidtobeatthepresentdaywiththebandittiinthesouthofItaly。Upontheoccasionalludedto，apartyofCateranscarriedoffthebridegroom，andsecretedhiminsomecavenearthemountainofSchehallion。
　　Theyoungmancaughtthesmall-poxbeforehisransomcouldbeagreedon；andwhetheritwasthefinecoolairoftheplace，orthewantofmedicalattendance，Mac-Nabdidnotpretendtobepositive；butsoitwas，thattheprisonerrecovered，hisransomwaspaid，andhewasrestoredtohisfriendsandbride，butalwaysconsideredtheHighlandrobbersashavingsavedhislife，bytheirtreatmentofhismalady。
　　NoteK，p。-HighlandPolicy。
　　ThissortofpoliticalgameascribedtoMac-IvorwasinrealityplayedbyseveralHighlandchiefs，thecelebratedLordLovatinparticular，whousedthatkindoffinessetotheuttermost。TheLairdofMacwasalsocaptainofanindependentcompany，butvaluedthesweetsofpresentpaytoowelltoincurtheriskoflosingthemintheJacobitecause。Hismartialconsortraisedhisclan，andheadeditin1745。Butthechiefhimselfwouldhavenothingtodowithking-making，declaringhimselfforthatmonarch，andnoother，whogavetheLairdofMachalf-a-guineatheday，andhalf-a-guineathemorn。’’
　　NoteL，p。-HighlandDiscipline。
　　InexplanationofthemilitaryexerciseobservedattheCastleofGlennaquoich，theauthorbegstoremark，thattheHighlanderswerenotonlywellpractisedintheuseofthebroadsword，firelock，andmostofthemanlysportsandtrialsofstrength，commonthroughoutScotland，butalsousedapeculiarsortofdrill，suitedtotheirowndressandmodeofwarfare。
　　Therewere，forinstance，differentmodesofdisposingtheplaid，-onewhenonapeacefuljourney，anotherwhendangerwasapprehended；onewayofenvelopingthemselvesinitwhenexpectingundisturbedrepose，andanotherwhichenabledthemtostartupwithswordandpistolinhandontheslightestalarm。
　　Previousto1720，orthereabouts，thebeltedplaidwasuniversallyworn，inwhichtheportionwhichsurroundedthemiddleofthewearer，andthatwhichwasflungaroundhisshoulders，wereallofthesamepieceoftartan。
　　Inadesperateonset，allwasthrownaway，andtheclanchargedbarebeneaththedoublet，saveforanartificialarrangementoftheshirt，which，likethatoftheIrish，wasalwaysample，andforthesporran-mollach，orgoat’s-skinpurse。
　　ThemannerofhandlingthepistolanddirkwasalsopartoftheHighlandmanualexercise，whichtheauthorhasseengonethroughbymenwhohadlearneditintheiryouth。
　　NoteM，p。-AScottishDinnerTable。
　　Inthenumberofpersonsofallrankswhoassembledatthesametable，thoughbynomeanstodiscussthesamefare，theHighlandChiefsonlyretainedacustomwhichhadbeenformerlyuniversallyobservedthroughoutScotland。Imyself，’’saysthetravellerFynesMorrison，intheendofQueenElizabeth’sreign，thescenebeingtheLowlandsofScotland，wasataknight’shouse，whohadmanyservantstoattendhim，thatbroughtinhismeatwiththeirheadscoveredwithbluecaps，thetablebeingmorethanhalffurnishedwithgreatplattersofporridge，eachhavingalittlepieceofsoddenmeat。Andwhenthetablewasserved，theservantsdidsitdownwithus；buttheuppermess，insteadofporridge，hadapullet，withsomeprunesinthebroth。’’-_Travels，_p。155。
　　Tillwithinthislastcenturythefarmers，evenofarespectablecondition，dinedwiththeirwork-people。Thedifferencebetwixtthoseofhighdegreewasascertainedbytheplaceofthepartyaboveorbelowthesalt，orsometimesbyalinedrawnwithchalkonthedining-table。LordLovat，whoknewwellhowtofeedthevanityandrestraintheappetitesofhisclansmen，allowedeachsturdyFraser，whohadtheslightestpretensiontobeaDuinh-wassel，thefullhonourofthesitting，but，atthesametime，tookcarethathisyoungkinsmendidnotacquireathistableanytasteforoutlandishluxuries。HisLordshipwasalwaysreadywithsomehonourableapologywhyforeignwinesandFrenchbrandy-delicacieswhichheconceivedmightsapthehardyhabitsofhiscousins-shouldnotcirculatepastanassignedpointonthetable。
　　NoteN，p。-ConantheJester。’’
　　IntheIrishballadsrelatingtoFion，theFingalofMac-Pherson
　　thereoccurs，asintheprimitivepoetryofmostnations，acycleofheroes，eachofwhomhassomedistinguishingattribute：uponthesequalities，andtheadventuresofthosepossessingthem，manyproverbsareformed，whicharestillcurrentintheHighlands。Amongothercharacters，ConanisdistinguishedasinsomerespectsakindofThersites，butbraveanddaringeventorashness。Hehadmadeavowthathewouldnevertakeablowwithoutreturningit；andhaving，likeotherheroesofantiquity，descendedtotheinfernalregions，hereceivedacufffromtheArch-fiend，whopresidedthere，whichheinstantlyreturned，usingtheexpressioninthetext。
　　Sometimestheproverbiswordedthus：-Clawforclaw，andthedeviltaketheshortestnails，asConansaidtothedevil。’’
　　NoteO，p。-Waterfall。’’
　　ThedescriptionofthewaterfallmentionedinthischapteristakenfromthatofLedeard，atthefarmsocalledonthenorthernsideofLochard，andneartheheadoftheLake，fourorfivemilesfromAberfoyle。Itisuponasmallscale，butotherwiseoneofthemostexquisitecascadesitispossibletobehold。TheappearanceofFlorawiththeharp，asdescribed，hasbeenjustlycensuredastootheatricalandaffectedforthelady-likesimplicityofhercharacter。ButsomethingmaybeallowedtoherFrencheducation，inwhichpointandstrikingeffectalwaysmakeaconsiderableobject。
　　NoteP，p。-Mac-Farlane’sLantern。
　　TheclanofMac-Farlane，occupyingthefastnessesofthewesternsideofLochLomond，weregreatdepredatorsontheLowCountry；andastheirexcursionsweremadeusuallybynight，themoonwasproverbiallycalledtheirlantern。Theircelebratedpibrochof_HoggilnamBo，_whichisthenameoftheirgatheringtune，intimatessimilarpractices，-thesensebeing-
　　Weareboundtodrivethebullocks，Allbyhollows，hirsts，andhillocks，Throughthesleetandthroughtherain。
　　WhenthemoonisbeaminglowOnfrozenlakeandhillsofsnow，Boldandheartilywego；
　　Andallforlittlegain。
　　NoteQ，p。-CastleofDoune。
　　Thisnobleruinisdeartomyrecollection，fromassociationswhichhavebeenlongandpainfullybroken。ItholdsacommandingstationonthebanksoftheriverTeith，andhasbeenoneofthelargestcastlesinScotland。
　　Murdock，DukeofAlbany，thefounderofthisstatelypile，wasbeheadedontheCastle-hillofStirling，fromwhichhemightseethetowersofDoune，themonumentofhisfallengreatness。
　　In17456，asstatedinthetext，agarrisononthepartoftheChevalierwasputintothecastle，thenlessruinousthanatpresent。ItwascommandedbyMr。StewartofBalloch，asgovernorforPrinceCharles；hewasamanofpropertynearCallander。ThiscastlebecameatthattimetheactualsceneofaromanticescapemadebyJohnHome，theauthorofDouglas，andsomeotherprisoners，who，havingbeentakenatthebattleofFalkirk，wereconfinedtherebytheinsurgents。Thepoet，whohadinhisownmindalargestockofthatromanticandenthusiasticspiritofadventure，whichhehasdescribedasanimatingtheyouthfulheroofhisdrama，devisedandundertooktheperilousenterpriseofescapingfromhisprison。Heinspiredhiscompanionswithhissentiments，andwheneveryattemptatopenforcewasdeemedhopeless，theyresolvedtotwisttheirbed-clothesintoropes，andthustodescend。Fourpersons，withHomehimself，reachedthegroundinsafety。Buttheropebrokewiththefifth，whowasatalllustyman。ThesixthwasThomasBarrow，abraveyoungEnglishman，aparticularfriendofHome’s。Determinedtotaketherisk，eveninsuchunfavourablecircumstances，Barrowcommittedhimselftothebrokenrope，sliddownonitasfarasitcouldassisthim，andthenlethimselfdrop。Hisfriendsbeneathsucceededinbreakinghisfall。Nevertheless，hedislocatedhisankle，andhadseveralofhisribsbroken。Hiscompanions，however，wereabletobearhimoffinsafety。
　　TheHighlandersnextmorningsoughtfortheirprisonerswithgreatactivity。AnoldgentlemantoldtheauthorherememberedseeingthecommanderStewart，Bloodywithspurring，fieryredwithhaste，ridingfuriouslythroughthecountryinquestofthefugitives。
　　NoteR，p。-JacobiteSentiments。
　　TheJacobitesentimentsweregeneralamongthewesterncounties，andinWales。ButalthoughthegreatfamiliesoftheWynnes，theWyndhams，andothers，hadcomeunderanactualobligationtojoinPrinceCharlesifheshouldland，theyhaddonesoundertheexpressstipulation，thatheshouldbeassistedbyanauxiliaryarmyofFrench，withoutwhichtheyforesawtheenterprisewouldbedesperate。Wishingwelltohiscause，therefore，andwatchinganopportunitytojoinhim，theydidnot，nevertheless，thinkthemselvesboundinhonourtodoso，ashewasonlysupportedbyabodyofwildmountaineers，speakinganuncouthdialect，andwearingasingulardress。
　　TheraceuptoDerbystruckthemwithmoredreadthanadmiration。Butitwasdifficulttosaywhattheeffectmighthavebeen，hadeitherthebattleofPrestonorFalkirkbeingfoughtandwonduringtheadvanceintoEngland。
　　NoteS，p。-IrishOfficers。