Thevariousclashesbetweenmyselfandthemachine，mytriumphinthem，andthefactthatthepeopleweregettingmoreandmoreinterestedandaroused，broughtonacurioussituationintheRepublicanNationalConventionatPhiladelphiainJune，1900。SenatorPlattandtheNewYorkmachineleadershadbecomeveryanxioustogetmeoutoftheGovernorship，chieflybecauseofthehostilityofthebigcorporationmentowardsme；buttheyhadalsobecomeconvincedthattherewassuchpopularfeelingonmybehalfthatitwouldbedifficulttorefusemearenominationifIdemandedit。TheyaccordinglydecidedtopushmeforVice-President，takingadvantageofthefactthattherewasatthattimeagooddealoffeelingformeinthecountryatlarge。[SeeAppendixBtothischapter。]Imyselfdidnotappreciatethattherewasanysuchfeeling，andasIgreatlydislikedtheofficeofVice-PresidentandwasmuchinterestedintheGovernorship，IannouncedthatIwouldnotaccepttheVice-Presidency。
　　IwasoneofthedelegatestoPhiladelphia。OnreachingthereIfoundthatthesituationwascomplicated。SenatorHannaappearedonthesurfacetohavecontroloftheConvention。HewasanxiousthatI
　　shouldnotbenominatedasVice-President。SenatorPlattwasanxiousthatIshouldbenominatedasVice-President，inordertogetmeoutoftheNewYorkGovernorship。Eachtookapositionoppositetothatoftheother，buteachatthattimecordiallysympathizedwiththeother’sfeelingsaboutme——itwasthemanifestationsandnotthefeelingsthatdiffered。MysupportersinNewYorkStatedidnotwishmenominatedforVice-PresidentbecausetheywishedmetocontinueasGovernor；butineveryotherStateallthepeoplewhoadmiredmewereboundthatIshouldbenominatedasVice-President。ThesepeoplewerealmostalldesirousofseeingMr。McKinleyrenominatedasPresident，buttheybecameangryatSenatorHanna’soppositiontomeasVice-
　　President。HeinhisturnsuddenlybecameawarethatifhepersistedhemightfindthatintheirangerthesemenwouldopposeMr。
　　McKinley’srenomination，andalthoughtheycouldnothavepreventedthenomination，suchoppositionwouldhavebeenaseriousblowinthecampaignwhichwastofollow。SenatorHanna，therefore，begantowaver。
　　MeanwhileameetingoftheNewYorkdelegationwascalled。MostofthedelegateswereunderthecontrolofSenatorPlatt。TheSenatornotifiedmethatifIrefusedtoacceptthenominationforVice-
　　PresidentIwouldbebeatenforthenominationforGovernor。I
　　answeredthatIwouldacceptthechallenge，thatwewouldhaveastraight-outfightontheproposition，andthatIwouldbeginitatoncebytellingtheassembleddelegatesofthethreat，andgivingfairwarningthatIintendedtofightfortheGovernorshipnomination，and，moreover，thatIintendedtogetit。ThisbroughtSenatorPlatttoterms。TheefforttoinstructtheNewYorkdelegationformewasabandoned，andLieutenant-GovernorWoodruffwaspresentedfornominationinmyplace。
　　Isupposedthatthisclosedtheincident，andthatnofurthereffortwouldbemadetonominatemefortheVice-Presidency。Onthecontrary，theeffectwasdirectlythereverse。TheupsetoftheNewYorkmachineincreasedthefeelingofthedelegatesfromotherStatesthatitwasnecessarytodraftmeforthenomination。BynextdaySenatorHannahimselfconcludedthatthiswasanecessity，andacquiescedinthemovement。AsNewYorkwasalreadycommittedagainstme，andasIwasnotwillingthatthereshouldbeanychanceofsupposingthattheNewYorkershadnominatedmetogetridofme，theresultwasthatIwasnominatedandsecondedfromoutsideStates。Noothercandidatewasplacedinthefield。
　　BythistimetheLegislaturehadadjourned，andmostofmyworkasGovernorofNewYorkwasover。Oneunexpectedbitofbusinessarose，however。ItwastheyearofthePresidentialcampaign。Tammany，whichhadbeenlukewarmaboutBryanin1896，cordiallysupportedhimin1900；andwhenTammanyheartilysupportsacandidateitiswellfortheopposingcandidatetokeepasharplookoutforelectionfrauds。
　　ThecitygovernmentwasinthehandsofTammany；butIhadpowertoremovetheMayor，theSheriff，andtheDistrictAttorneyformalfeasanceormisfeasanceinoffice。SuchpowerhadnotbeenexercisedbyanypreviousGovernor，asfarasIknew；butitexisted，andifthemisfeasanceormalfeasancewarrantedit，andiftheGovernorpossessedtherequisitedetermination，thepowercouldbe，andoughttobe，exercised。
　　ByanActoftheLegislature，aStateBureauofElectionshadbeencreatedinNewYorkCity，andaSuperintendentofElectionsappointedbytheGovernor。TheChiefoftheStateBureauofElectionswasJohnMcCullagh，formerlyinthePoliceDepartmentwhenIwasPoliceCommissioner。TheChiefofPoliceforthecitywasWilliamF。Devery，oneoftheTammanyleaders，whorepresentedinthePoliceDepartmentallthatIhadwarredagainstwhileCommissioner。OnNovember4DeverydirectedhissubordinatesinthePoliceDepartmenttodisregardtheorderswhichMcCullaghhadgiventohisdeputies，orderswhichwereessentialifweweretosecureanhonestelectioninthecity。IhadjustreturnedfromaWesterncampaigntrip，andwasatSagamoreHill。
　　IhadnodirectpoweroverDevery；buttheMayorhad；andIhadpowerovertheMayor。Accordingly，IatoncewrotetotheMayorofNewYork，totheSheriffofNewYork，andtotheDistrictAttorneyofNewYorkCountythefollowingletters：
　　TotheMayoroftheCityofNewYork。
　　Sir：MyattentionhasbeencalledtotheofficialorderissuedbyChiefofPoliceDevery，inwhichhedirectshissubordinatestodisregardtheChiefoftheStateElectionBureau，JohnMcCullagh，andhisdeputies。Unlessyouhavealreadytakenstepstosecuretherecallofthisorder，itisnecessaryformetopointoutthatIshallbeobligedtoholdyouresponsibleastheheadofthecitygovernmentfortheactionoftheChiefofPolice，ifitshouldresultinanybreachofthepeaceandintimidationoranycrimewhateveragainsttheelectionlaws。TheStateandcityauthoritiesshouldworktogether。IwillnotfailtocalltosummaryaccounteitherStateorcityauthorityintheeventofeitherbeingguiltyofintimidationorconnivanceatfraudoroffailuretoprotecteverylegalvoterinhisrights。Ithereforeherebynotifyyouthatintheeventofanywrong-doingfollowinguponthefailureimmediatelytorecallChiefDevery’sorder，oruponanyactionorinactiononthepartofChiefDevery，Imustnecessarilycallyoutoaccount。
　　Yours，etc。，LT。
　　TotheSheriffoftheCountyofNewYork。
　　Sir：MyattentionhasbeencalledtotheofficialorderissuedbyChiefofPoliceDeveryinwhichhedirectshissubordinatestodisregardtheChiefoftheStateElectionBureau，JohnMcCullagh，andhisdeputies。
　　Itisyourdutytoassistintheorderlyenforcementofthelaw，andIshallholdyoustrictlyresponsibleforanybreachofthepublicpeacewithinyourcounty，orforanyfailureonyourparttodoyourfulldutyinconnectionwiththeelectionto-morrow。
　　TotheDistrictAttorneyoftheCountyofNewYork。
　　Sir：MyattentionhasbeencalledtotheofficialorderissuedbyChiefofPoliceDevery，inwhichhedirectshissubordinatestodisregardtheChiefoftheStateElectionBureau，JohnMcCullagh，andhisdeputies。
　　InviewofthisorderIcallyourattentiontothefactthatitisyourdutytoassistintheorderlyenforcementofthelaw，andtheremustbenofailureonyourparttodoyourfulldutyinthematter。
　　Yourstruly，THEODOREROOSEVELT。
　　Theselettershadthedesiredeffect。TheMayorpromptlyrequiredChiefDeverytorescindtheobnoxiousorder，whichwasaspromptlydone。TheSheriffalsotookpromptaction。TheDistrictAttorneyrefusedtoheedmyletter，andassumedanattitudeofdefiance，andI
　　removedhimfromoffice。OnelectiondaytherewasnoclashbetweenthecityandStateauthorities；theelectionwasorderlyandhonest。
　　APPENDIXA
　　CONSERVATION
　　AsforeshadowingthecourseIlater，asPresident，followedinthismatter，IgiveextractsfromoneofmyletterstotheCommission，andfrommysecondandlastAnnualMessage。Ispentthefirstmonthsofmytermininvestigationstofindoutjustwhatthesituationwas。
　　OnNovember28，1899，IwrotetotheCommissionasfollows：
　　“……Ihavehadverymanycomplaintsbeforethisastotheinefficiencyofthegamewardensandgameprotectors，thecomplaintsusuallytakingtheformthatthemenhavebeenappointedandareretainedwithoutdueregardtothedutiestobeperformed。Idonotwishamantoberetainedorappointedwhoisnotthoroughlyfittoperformthedutiesofgameprotector。TheAdirondacksareentitledtoapeculiarshareoftheCommission’sattention，bothfromthestandpointofforestry，andfromthelessimportant，butstillveryimportant，standpointofgameandfishprotection。ThemenwhododutyasgameprotectorsintheAdirondacksshould，bypreference，beappointedfromthelocalityitself，andshouldinallcasesbethoroughwoodsmen。Themerefactthatagameprotectorhastohireaguidetopilothimthroughthewoodsisenoughtoshowhisunfitnessfortheposition。Iwantasgameprotectorsmenofcourage，resolution，andhardihood，whocanhandletherifle，ax，andpaddle；whocancampoutinsummerorwinter；whocangoonsnow-shoes，ifnecessary；whocangothroughthewoodsbydayorbynightwithoutregardtotrails。
　　“Ishouldlikefullinformationaboutallyouremployees，astotheircapacities，astothelabortheyperform，astotheirdistributionfromandwheretheydotheirwork。”
　　Manyofthemenhithertoappointedowedtheirpositionsprincipallytopoliticalpreference。ThechangesIrecommendedwerepromptlymade，andmuchtothegoodofthepublicservice。InmyAnnualMessage，inJanuary，1900，Isaid：
　　“Greatprogresshasbeenmadethroughthefishhatcheriesinthepropagationofvaluablefoodandsportingfish。Thelawsfortheprotectionofdeerhaveresultedintheirincrease。Nevertheless，asrailroadstendtoencroachonthewilderness，thetemptationtoillegalhuntingbecomesgreater，andthedangerfromforestfiresincreases。Thereisneedofgreatimprovementbothinourlawsandintheiradministration。Thegamewardenshavebeentoofewinnumber。Moreshouldbeprovided。Nonesavefitmenmustbeappointed；andtheirretentioninofficemustdependpurelyuponthezeal，ability，andefficiencywithwhichtheyperformtheirduties。Thegamewardensintheforestsmustbewoodsmen；andtheyshouldhavenooutsidebusiness。Inshort，thereshouldbeathoroughreorganizationoftheworkoftheCommission。AcarefulstudyoftheresourcesandconditionoftheforestsonStatelandmustbemade。ItiscertainlynottoomuchtoexpectthattheStateforestsshouldbemanagedasefficientlyastheforestsonprivatelandsinthesameneighborhoods。Andthemeasureofdifferenceinefficiencyofmanagementmustbethemeasureofcondemnationorpraiseofthewaythepublicforestshavebeenmanaged。
　　“ThesubjectofforestpreservationisoftheutmostimportancetotheState。TheAdirondacksandCatskillsshouldbegreatparkskeptinperpetuityforthebenefitandenjoymentofourpeople。
　　Muchhasbeendoneoflateyearstowardstheirpreservation，butverymuchremainstobedone。Theprovisionsoflawinreferencetosawmillsandwood-pulpmillsaredefectiveandshouldbechangedsoastoprohibitdumpingdye-stuff，sawdust，ortan-bark，inanyamountwhatsoever，intothestreams。Reservoirsshouldbemade，butnotwheretheywilltendtodestroylargesectionsoftheforest，andonlyafteracarefulandscientificstudyofthewaterresourcesoftheregion。Thepeopleoftheforestregionsarethemselvesgrowingmoreandmoretorealizethenecessityofpreservingboththetreesandthegame。Alivedeerinthewoodswillattracttotheneighborhoodtentimesthemoneythatcouldbeobtainedforthedeer’sdeadcarcass。TimbertheftontheStatelandsis，ofcourse，agraveoffenseagainstthewholepublic。
　　“Hardyoutdoorsports，likehunting，areinthemselvesofnosmallvaluetotheNationalcharacterandshouldbeencouragedineveryway。Menwhogointothewilderness，indeed，menwhotakepartinanyfieldsportswithhorseorrifle，receiveabenefitwhichcanhardlybegivenbyeventhemostvigorousathleticgames。