France，touchedtotheheartbysuchtreatmentofaSaxonKurfurst，andboundbyTreatyofWestphaliatoprotectallmembersoftheReich（whichithassometimes，toourownknowledge，socarefullydone），isalmostmoreardentthanAustriaitself。France，Austria，Russia；totheseaddPolishMajestyhimself；andlatterlytheverySwedes，byFrenchbriberyatStockholm:thesearethePartitioningPowers；——andtheirshares（letusspareonelinefortheirshares）
areasfollows。
TheSwedesaretohavePommerninwhole；Polish—SaxonMajestygetsMagdeburg，Halle，andopulentslicesthereabouts；Austria’sshare，weneednotsay，isthatjewelofaSilesia。CzarishMajesty，ontheextremeEast，takesPreussen，Konigsberg—MemelCountryinwhole；addsPreussentoherasyettoonarrowTerritories。
Wesel—CleveCountry，fromtheotherorWesternextremity，Francewilltakethatclipping，andmakemuchofit。Thesearequiteseriousbusiness—engagements，engrossedoncarefulparchment，thatSpring，1757，andIsupposenotyetboileddownintoglue，butstilltobefoundindustycorners，withthetapemuchfaded。
Thehighheads，makingpreparationontheduescale，thinkthemnotonlyexecutable，butindubitable，andalmostasgoodasdone。
Pushhomeuponhim，asunitedPosseComitatusofMankind；inasacredcauseofPolishMajestyandPublicJustice，howcanonemalefactorresist？"AH，MATRES—CHERE"and"Oh，mydearestPrincessandCousin，"whatachancehasturnedup！
ItiscomputedthattherearearrayedagainstthisoneKing，undertheirrespectiveKings，Empress—Queens，SwedishSenates，CatinsandPompadours，populationstotheamountofabove100millions，——inafterstages，Iremembertohaveseen"150millions"looselygivenastheexaggeratedcipher。Ofarmedsoldiersactuallyinthefieldagainsthim（againstHanoverandhim），in1757，thereare，bystrictcount，430，000。Friedrich’sownDominionsatthistimecontainaboutFiveMillionsofPopulation；ofRevenuesomewhatlessthanTwoMillionssterling。Newtaxeshecannotlegally，andwillnot，layonhisPeople。HisSCHATZ（ready—moneyTreasure，orHoardyearlyaccumulatingforsuchend）is，Idoubtnot，wellfilled，——
expressamountnotmentioned。Ofdrilledmenhehas，thisYear，150，000forthefield；portionedoutthriftily，——aswellbeseems，againstFourInvasionscomingonhimfromdifferentpoints。Inthefield，150，000soldiers，probablythebestthateverwere；andingarrison，upanddown（hisCountrybeing，bynature，theleastdefensibleofallCountries），near40，000，whichhereckonsofinferiorquality。Sostandstheaccount。[Stenzel，iv。308，306，v。39；Ranke，iii。415；Preuss，ii，389，43，124；&c。&c。；——
substantiallytrue，Idoubtnot；butlittleornothingofitsodefiniteandconclusivelydistinctasitought，inallitems，tohavebeenbythistime，——hadpoorDryasdustknownwhathewasdoing。]Theseare，arithmeticallyprecise，hisresources，——PLUS
onlywhatmaylieinhisownheadandheart，orfundedintheotherheadsandhearts，especiallyinthose150，000，whichheandhisFathershavebeendiligentlydisciplining，togoodperfection，forfourcenturiescomethetime。
France，urgedbyPompadourandtheenthusiasms，wasfirstinthefield。TheFrenchArmy，insuperbequipment，thoughprivatelyinpoorishstateofdiscipline，tooktheroadearlyinMarch；
"March26thand27th，"itcrossedtheGermanBorder，CleveCountryandKolnCountry；hadbeenrumoredofsinceJanuaryandFebruarylast，asterrificallygrand；andhereitnowactuallyis，above100，000strong，——110，405，astheArmy—Lists，flamingthroughalltheNewspapers，teachmankind。[Helden—Geschichte，iv。391；iii。1073。]BentmainlyuponPrussia，itwouldseem；suchthewillofPompadour。MainlyuponPrussia；Marechald’Estrees，crossingatKoln，madeofferseventohisBritannicMajestytobeforgivenincomparison；"YieldusaroadthroughyourHanover，merelyaroadtothoseHalberstadt—Magdeburgparts，yourHanovershallhaveneutrality！""NeutralitytoHanover？"sighedBritannicMajesty:"Alas，amnotIpledgedbyTreaty？And，alas，withal，howisitpossible，withthatAmericahangingoverus？"andstoodtrue。Noristhisall，onthepartofmagnanimousFrance:
thereisaSoubisegettingunderwaywithal，Soubiseand30，000，whowillreinforcetheReich’sArmament，wereitonfoot，andbeheardofbyandby！SohighrunsFrenchenthusiasmatpresent。
AnewstingofprovocationtoMostChristianMajesty，itseems，hasbeenFriedrich’sconductinthatDamiensmatter（miserableattempt，byapoormadcreature，toassassinate；oratleastdrawbloodupontheMostChristianMajesty["Eveningof5thJanuary，1757"
（exuberantlyplentifuldetailsofit，andofthehorribleLaw—
procedureswhichfollowedonit:InAdelung，viii。197—220；
Barbier，&c。&c。）。]）；aboutwhichFriedrich，busyandoblivious，hadnever，incommonpoliteness，beenatthepainstocondole，compliment，ortakeanynoticewhatever。Andwillnowtaketheconsequences，asdue！——
TheWesel—CleveCountriestheseFrenchfindabandoned:Friedrich’sgarrisonshavehadorderstobringofftheartilleryandstores，blowupwhatoftheworksaresuitableforblowingup；andjointhe"BritannicArmyofObservation"whichisgettingitselftogetherinthoseregions。ConsiderableArmy，Britannicwhollyinthemoneypart:newHanoverianssomany，Brunswickers，Buckeburgers，Sachsen—
Gothaerssomany；addthosepreciousHanoverian—Hessian20，000，whomwehavehadinEnglandguardingourlibertiessolong，——whoarenowshippedoverinalot；fairwindandfullseatothem。
Armyof60，000onpaper；ofeffectivemorethan50，000；
Head—quartersnowatBielefeldontheWeser；——where，"April16th，"
orafewdayslater，RoyalHighnessofCumberlandcomestotakecommand；likelytomakeafinefigureagainstMarechald’Estreesandhis100，000French！Buttherewasnohelpingit。
Friedrich，throughWinter，hashadSchmettauearnestlyflagitatingtheHanoverianOfficialities:"TheWeseriswadableinmanyplaces，youcannotdefendtheWeser！"andcounsellingandpleadingtoalllengths，——withouttheleasteffect。"WantstosavehisownHalberstadtlands，atourexpense！"WhichwastheideainLondon，too:"Don’twe，byApocalypticNewswritersandeyesightofourown，understandtheman？"PittisbythistimeinOffice，whoperhapsmighthavejudgedalittleotherwise。ButPitt’sseatisaltogethertemporary，insecure；therulingdeitiesNewcastleandRoyalHighness，whowithalareinstandingquarrel。SothatFriedrich，Schmettau，Mitchellpleadedtothedeaf。Nothingbut"DefendtheWeser，"andignorantFatuityreadyfortheImpossible，istobemadeoutthere。"Cannothelpit，then，"thinksFriedrich，oftenenough，inbadmoments；"ArmyofObservationwillhaveitsfate。
Happilythereareonly5，000Prussiansinit，Weselandtheothergarrisonsgivenup！"
Only5，000Prussians:byoriginalEngagement，thereshouldhavebeen25，000；andFriedrich’sintentioniseven45，000ifheprosperotherwise。ForinJanuary，1757（Anniversary，ornearlyso，ofthatNEUTRALITYCONVENTIONlastyear），therehadbeen——encouragedbyPitt，asIcouldsurmise，whoalwayslikesFriedrich——adefinite，muchcloserTREATYOFALLIANCE，with"Subsidyofamillionsterling，"Anti—Russian"SquadronofObservationintheBaltic，"
"25，000Prussians，"andotheritems，whichIforget。Forgetthemorereadily，as，owingtothestrangestateofEngland（nearsuffocatinginitsConstitutionalbedclothes），theTreatycouldnotbekeptatall，orserveasruletopoorEngland’sexertionsforFriedrichthisYear；exertionswhichwereofthewilling—mindedbutfutilekind，goingforwardpell—mell，notbyplan，andcouldreachFriedrichonlyinthelump，——hadtherebeenany"lump"ofthemtosumtogether。ButPitthadgoneout；——weshallseewhat，inPitt’sabsence，therewas！SothatthisTreaty1757fellquiteintothewaste—basket（nottosay，fardeeper，bywayof"pavement"weknowwhere！），——andisnotmentionedinanyEnglishBook；norwasknowntoexist，tillsomeCollectorofsuchthingsprintedit，incomparativelyrecenttimes。["M。Kochin1802，"notveryperfectly（Scholl，iii。30n。；whocopieswhatKochhasgiven）。]ATreaty1757，which，exceptasemblemofthethenquasi—enchantedconditionofEngland，andasForeshadowofPitt’snewTreatyinJanuary，1758，andofthreeothersthatfollowedandwerekepttotheletter，isnotofmomentfarther。
REICH’STHUNDER，SLIGHTSURVEYOFIT；WITHQUESTION，WHITHERWARD，IFANY—WHITHER。
ThethunderousfulminationsintheReich’s—Diet——aninjuredSaxonycomplaining，aninsultedKaiser，aftervainDEHORTATORIUMS，reportinganddenouncing"Horrorssuchasthese:Whatsayyou，O
Reich？"——havebeengoingonsinceSeptemberlast；andamounttoboundlessmassesoftheliveliestParliamentaryEloquence，nowfallenextincttoallcreatures。[Given，togreatlengths，inHelden—Geschichte，iii。iv。（andothereasilyavoidableBooks）。]TheKaiser，otherwiseasolidpacificgentleman，intentoncommercialoperations（furnishesagooddealofourmeal，saysFriedrich），isOfficiallyextremelyviolentinbehalfofinjuredSaxony，——thatistosay，infact，ofinjuredAustria，whichisone’sown。Kur—Mainz，ChairmanoftheDiet（werememberhowhewasgot，andaBattleofDettingenfoughtinconsequence，longsince）；Kur—MainzisadmittedtohavethemostdecidedAustrianleanings:BritannicGeorge，Austriabeingnowintheoppositescale，findshimanunhandyKur—Mainz，andwhatprofititwastointroducefalseweightsintotheReich’sbalancethattime！Notforlonggenerationsbefore，hadthepooroldsemi—imaginaryReich’s—
Dietrisenintosuchparoxysms；nordiditeveragainafter。
Neveragain，initsterrestrialHistory，wastheresuchagonisticparliamentarystruggle，andterrificnoiseofparliamentarypalaver，witnessedinthepoorReich’s—Diet。Noiseandstrugglerisingeverhigher，pealafterpeal，fromSeptember，1756，whenitstarted，tillAugust，1757，whenithadreacheditsacme（asperhapsweshallsee），thoughitwasfarfromendingthen，orforyearstocome。
Contemporaryby—standersremark，ontheAustrianpart，extraordinaryrageandhatredagainstPrussia；whichisnowtheonepointmemorable。AustriaisusedtospeakloudintheDiet，aswehaveourselvesseen:anditisagain（ifyoudiveintothoseoldAEolus’—Caves，atyourperil）unpleasantlynotabletowhatpitchoffixedrage，andhotsullenhatredAustriahasnowgone；andhowthetonehasinitapotencyofworld—widesquealinganddroning，suchasyounowhereheardbefore。Omnipotenceofdroning，edgedwithshriekysquealing，whichfillstheUniverse，notatallinamelodiousway。Fromthedepthsofthegamuttotheshriekytopagain，——adroningthathassomethingofporcineorwild—boarcharacter。Figureassembledthewildboarsoftheworld，allormostlyallgottogether，andeachwithaknifejuststuckintoitsside，byafeloniousindividualtoowellknown，——youwillhavesomenotionofthesoundofthesethings。Friedrichsometimesremonstrates:"Cannotyousparesuchphraseology，unseemlytoKings？ThequarrelsofKingshavetobedecidedbythesword；
whatprofitinunseemlylanguage，Madam？"——but，forthefirstyearandmore，therewasnoabatementontheAustrianpart。
Friedrich’sownDelegateatRegensburg，aBaronvonPlotho，comeofoldBrandenburgkindred，isaresolute，ready—tongued，veryundauntedgentleman；learnedinDiplomaciesandReich’sLaw；
carrieshisheadhigh，andalwayshashisstoryathand。
Argument，groundedonReich’sLawandthenatureofthecase，Plothoneverlacks，onspurofthehour:andisindeedaverycommendableparliamentarymastiff；andhonorableandmelodiousinthebarkofhim，comparedwiththoseinfuriatedporcinespecimens。
HehasKur—Hanoverforallyoncommonoccasions，andgenerallyfrommostProtestantmembersindividually，orfromtheCORPUS
EVANGELICORUMinmass，somefeeblewhimperofsupport。
FindsdifficultyingettinghisReich’sPleadingsprinted；——
dangerous，everywhereinthoseSouthernParts，toprintanythingwhateverthatisnotAustrian:sothatPlotho，atlength，getsprinterstohimself，andsetsupaPrinting—PressinhisownhouseatRegensburg。HedidagreatdealofsonorouspleadingforFriedrich；proud，deep—voiced，ruggedlylogical；fairlybeyondtheAustrianqualityinmanycases，——andalwaysfarbriefer，whichisanotherhighmerit。Octobercoming，wepurposetolookinuponPlothoforoneminute；"October14th，1757；"whichmaybereckonedessentiallytheacmeortuming—pointoftheseunpleasantthunderings。[Helden—Geschichte，iv。
745—749。]
WhatgoodhedidtoFriedrich，orcouldhavedonewiththetongueofangelsinsuchanaudience，wedonotaccuratelyknow。SomegoodhewoulddoevenintheReich’s—Dietthere；andoutofdoors，overaGermanpublic，stillmore；andisworthhisfrugalwages，——say1，000poundsayear，printingandallotherexpenseincluded！
Thisisamereguessofmine，Dryasdusthavingbeenincurious:
but，toEnglishreadersitisincredibleforwhatsumsFriedrichgothisworkdone，noworkeverbetter。Whichisitselfanappreciableadvantage，computableinpoundssterling；andistheparentofinnumerableotherswhichnoArithmeticorBook—keepingbyDoubleEntrywilltakeholdof，andwhichareindeedpricelessforNationsandforpersons。ButthispooroldbedriddenReich，startinginagonisticspasmatsuchrate:isitnottouching，inaCorpusmoribundforsomanyCenturiespast！TheReichissomething；
thoughitisnotmuch，nothinglikesomuchasevenKaiserFranzsupposesit。Muchornotsomuch，KaiserFranzwishestosecureitforhimself；Friedrichtohinderhim，——anditmustbeapoorsomething，ifnotworthPlotho’swagesonFriedrich’spart。
ItwouldinsultthepatienceofeveryreadertogointothesespasmodictossingsofthepoorparalyticReich；ortomentiontheleastitemofthembeyondwhathadsomeresult，orfractionofresult，ontheworld’srealaffairs。Weshallsayonly，therefore，thataftertempestsnotafewofporcinesquealing，answeredalwaysbycounter—latrationonthevigilantPlotho’spart；——squealing，chiefly，fromtheReich’s—HofrathatVienna，theHeadTribunalofImperialMajesty，whichsitsjudginganddenouncingthere，touchedtothesoul，asifbyaknifedrivenintoitsside，bythoseunheard—oftreatmentsofSaxonyanddisregardtoourDEHORTATORIUMS，andwhichburstsout，pealafterpeal，fillingtheUniverse，Plothonotunvigilant；——thepooroldReich’s—Dietdidatlastgetintoanactingposture，anddetermine，byclearmajorityof99against60，thatthereshouldbea"Reich’sExecutionArmy"
gotonfoot。Reich’sExecutionArmytocoerce，byforceofarms，thisnefariousKingofPrussiaintomakinginstantrestitutiontoSaxony，withampledamagesonthenail；thatrightbedonetoKurfurstsofthisReich。TosuchheightofvigorhastheReich’s—
Dietgone；——andwasvotingitatRegensburgJanuary10th，1757；
[Helden—Geschichte，iv。252，302，330；
Stenzel，v。32。]thatverydaywhennefariousFriedrichatBerlin，case—hardenedininiquitytosuchapitch，satwritinghisINSTRUCTIONTOCOUNTFINCK，whichwereadnotlongsince。
Simultaneousmovements，unknowntooneanother，inthisbigwrestle。
Reich’s—DietperfecteditsVote；haditquitethrough，andsanctionedbytheKaiser’sMajesty，January29th:"ArmingtobeaTRIPLUM"（triplecontingentrequiredofyouthistime）；
withRomish—months（ROMERMONATE）ofcashcontributionsfromallandsundry（rigorouslygathered，Ishouldhope，whereAustriahaspower），somanyaswillcovertheexpense。Armytobegotonactualfoothastily，instantlyifpossible:an"EILENDEREICHS—EXECUTIONS
ARMEE；"soitran，butthewordEILENDE（speedy）hadamischanceinprinting，andwasstruckoffintoELENDE（contemptiblywretched）:
sothatonallMarket—SquaresandPublicPlacesofpoorTeutschland，youreadflamingPlacardssummoningout，notaspeedyorimmediate，but"aMISERABLEReich’sExecutionArmy！"Awordwhich，weneednotsay，waslaughedatbytheunfeelingpartofthepublic；andwasoftencalledtomindbytheReich’sExecutionArmy’sperformances，whensaidSPEEDYArmydidatlasttakethefield。
FortheReichperformeditsVote；actuallyhadaReich’sExecutionArmy；thelastiteverhadinthisworld，notbyanymeanstheworstiteverhad，fortheyusedgenerallytobebad。
Commanders，managersarenamed，Romermonatearegatheredin，orthesureprospectofthem；and，throughMay—June，1757，thereisbusystir，ofdrumming，preparingandenlisting，allovertheReich。
EndofJuly，weshallseetheReich’sArmyinCamp；endofAugust，actuallyinthefield；andlateron，atouchofitsfightingwithal。ManyotherthingstheReichtriedagainstunfortunateFriedrich，——gradualadvance，infact，toBanoftheReich（ortotalanathemaandcutting—offfromfireandwater）:butinnoneofthese，inBanaslittleasany，diditcometopracticalresultatall，oracquiretheleasttitletoberememberedatthisday。
FinisofBan，someeightmonthshence，hassomethingofattractiveasfutility，thecuriousDeathofaFutility。FinisofBan（October14th，alreadyindicated）wemayforonemomentlookinupon，iftherebeonemomenttospare；therest——readersmayfancyit；
andreadonlyoftheactualityandfightingpart，whichwillitselfbeenoughforthemonsuchamatter。
FRIEDRICHSUDDENLYMARCHESONPRAG。
FourInvasions，fromtheirrespectivepointsofthecompass，northeast，northwest，southeastandsouthwest:hereisaformidableoutlookfortheonemanagainstwhomtheyarealladvancingopen—
mouthed。Theoneman——withnothingbutaDukeofCumberlandandhisObservationArmyforbackinginsuchduel——hadneedtolooktohimself！Which，wewellknow，hedoes；wraptinprofoundlysilentvigilance，withhisplansalllaid。OftheFourInvasions，three，theRussian，French，Austrian，areverylarge；andthetwolatter，especiallythelast，areabundantlyformidable。TheSwedish，ofwhichthereisrumoring，hehopesmaycometolittle，ornotcomeatall。NorisRussia，thoughtalkingbig，andactuallygettingreadyabove100，000men，soimmediatelyalarming。FriedrichalwayshopestheEnglish，withtheirguineasandtheirmanagements，willdosomethingforhiminthatquarter；andheknows，atworst，thattheRussianHundredThousandwillbeaveryslow—movingentity。
TheSwedishInvasionFriedrich，forthepresent，leavestochance:
andagainstRussia，hehassentoldMarshalLehwaldintothoseBalticparts；fareastward，towardstheutmostMemelFrontier，toputtheCountryuponitsowndefence，andmakewhathecanofitwith30，000men，——West—Prussianmilitiasagoodfewofthem。
ThisisallhecanspareontheSwedish—Russianside:AustriaandFrancearetheperilouspairofentities；nottobemanagedexceptbyintenseconcentrationofstroke；andbygoingontheminsuccession，ifonehaveluck！——
Friedrich’smotionsandproceduresincanton—quarters，throughWinterandinlatemonths，haveledtothebeliefthathemeanstostandonthedefensive；thatthesceneoftheCampaignwillprobablybeSaxony；andthatAustria，forrecoveringinjuredSaxony，forrecoveringdearSilesia，willhavetotakeaninvasiveattitude。AndAustriaisbusyeverywherepreparingwiththatview。
HasTolpatcheries，andadvancedBrigades，stillharassingaboutintheLausitz。AgreatArmyassemblingatPrag，——BrowneforwardtowardstheMetalMountainssecuringposts，gatheringmagazines，forthecrossingintoSaxonythere。There，itisthought，thetugofwarwillprobablybe。Furious，andstrenuous，itisnotdoubted，onthisFriedrich’spart:butagainstsuchodds，whatcanhedo？
WithAustriansinfront，withRussianstoleft，withFrenchtorightandarear，nottomentionSwedesandappendages:surelyhere，ifever，isalostKing！——
ItisbynomeansFriedrich’sintentionthatSaxonyitselfshallneedtobeinvaded。Friedrich’shabitis，ashisenemiesmightbythistimebebeginningtolearn，notthatofstandingonthedefensive，butthatofGOINGonit，asthepreferablemethodwhereverpossible。March24th，FriedrichhadquittedDresdenCity；
andforamonthafter（head—quartersLockwitz，edgeofthePirnaCountry），hehadbeenshifting，redistributing，hiscantonedArmy，——privatelyintothedueDivisions，duereadinessformarch。
Whichdone，onfixeddays，abouttheendofApril，thewholeArmy，hehimselffromLockwitz，April20th，——tothesurpriseofAustriaandtheworld，FriedrichinthreegrandColumns，BevernoutoftheLausitz，KinghimselfovertheMetalMountains，SchwerinoutofSchlesien，ismarchingwithextraordinaryrapiditydirectforPrag；
inthenotionthatarightplungeintotheheartofBohemiawillbethebestdefenceforSaxonyandtheotherplacesundermenace。
Thisisamostunexpectedmovement；whichgreatlyastonishestheworld—theatre，pit，boxesandgalleryalike（asFriedrich’ssuddenmovementsoftendo）；andwhichis，aboveall，interestingonthestageitself，wheretheactorshadbeencountingonaquiteoppositesetofentriesandactivities！FeldmarschallBrowneandGeneralKonigseck（notouroldfriendKonigseck，whousedtodry—
nurseintheNetherlands，buthisnephewandheir）mayceasegatheringMagazines，inthoseLausitzandMetal—Mountainparts:
happycouldtheygivewingstothosealreadygathered！
Magazines，forAustrianservice，areclearlynotthethingswantedthere。Onedoesnotburnone’sMagazinestillthelastextremity；
butwingstheyhavenone；andsuchistheenigmaticvelocityofthosePrussianmovements，oneseldomhastimeeventoburnthem，inthelastcrisisofcatastrophe！ConsiderableportionsofthatprovenderfellintothePrussianthroat；asmuchas"threemonths’
provisionforthewholeArmy，"countthey，——addingtothoseFrontiersundriesthereallyimportantMagazinewhichtheyseizedatJung—Bunzlaufartherin。[Helden—Geschichte，iv。6—13；
&c。]Itisoneamongtheirmanygreateradvantagesfromthissurprisaloftheenemy，andsuddentopsy—turvyingofhisplans。
BrowneandKonigseckhavetoretireonPragattheirswiftest；
lookingtomoreimportantresultsthanMagazines。
ItisFriedrich’soldplan。Longsince，in1744，wesawamarchofthiskind，ThreeColumnsrushingwithsimultaneousrapidityonPrag；andneednotrepeattheparticularsonthisoccasion。
HerearesomeNotesonthesubject，whichwillsufficientlybringithometoreaders:——
"TheThreeColumnswere，forapartoftheway，Four；theKing’sbeing，atfirst，intwobranches，tilltheyunitedagain，ontheothersideoftheHills。FortheKing，"whatistobenoted，"hadshotout，threeweeksbefore，asmallpreliminarybranch，underMoritzofDessau；whomarched，wellwestward，byEger（startingfromChemnitzinSaxony）；andhadsometusslingwithourpooroldfriendDuked’Ahremberg，Browne’ssubordinateinthoseparts。
D’Ahremberg，having20，000underhim，wouldnotquitEgerforMoritz；butpushedoutCroatsuponhim，andsatstill。This，itwasafterwardssurmised，hadbeenafeintonFriedrich’spart；togivetheAustrianspleasantthoughts:’Invadingus，ishe？Wouldfaininvadeus，butcannot！’MoritzfellbackfromEger；andwasreadytojointheKing’smarch，（atLinay，April23d’（thirddayfromLockwitz，ontheKing’spart）。OnwardsfromwhichpointtheColumnsarespecificallyThree；instrength，andonroutes，somewhatasfollows:——
1。"TheFIRSTColumn，orKing’s，——whichis60，000afterthisjunction，45，000foot，15，000horse，——quittedLockwitz（head—
quarterforamonthpast），WEDNESDAY，APRIL20TH。TheygobythePascopolandotherroads；throughPirna，foroneplace:
throughKarbitz，Aussig，areatLinayonthe23d；whereMoritzjoins:24th，intheunitedstate，forwardagain（leaveLobositztwomilestoleft）；toTrebnitz，25th，andrestthereoneday。
"AtAussiganunfortunatethingbefell。Zastrow，respectableoldGeneralZastrow，wastodrivetheAustriansoutofAussig:
Zastrowdoesit，April22d—23d，drivesthemwellovertheheights；
April25th，however，marchingforwardtowardsLobositz，Zastrowisshotthroughbothtemples（Pandourhidamongthebushesandcliffs，OTHERsideofElbe），andfallsdeadonthespot。BuriedinGOTTLEUBEKirk，1stMay。"
IntheseAussigaffairs，especiallyinrecapturingtheCastleofTetschennearby，ColonelMayer，fatherofthenew"Free—Corps，"
didshiningservice；——andwasapprovedof，heandthey。And，adayortwoafter，wasdetachedwithaFifteenHundredofthatkind，onmoreimportantbusiness:First，topickuponeortwoBohemianMagazineslyinghandy；afterwhich，topayavisittotheReichanditsblusteraboutExecution—Army，andteachcertainpersonswhoitistheyarethunderingagainstinthatawkwardlytruculentmanner！
ErrandshininglydonebyMayer，asperhapswemayhear，——andcertainlyasalltheNewspapersloudlyheard，——inthecourseofthenexttwomonths。
AtcrossingoftheEger，Friedrich’sColumnhadsomechasingofpoorD’Ahremberg；attemptingtocuthimofffromhisBridges，BridgeofKoschlitz，BridgeofBudin；buthemadegooddespatch，Browneandhe；and，exceptafewprisonersofZiethen’sgathering，andmostofhisMagazinesunburnt，theydidhimnodamage。
Thechasewascloseenough；morethanonce，theAustrianhead—
quarterofto—nightwasthatofthePrussiansto—morrow。
Monday，May2d，Friedrich’sColumnwasontheWeissenbergofPrag；
Browne，D’Ahremberg，andPrinceKarl，whoisnowcomeuptotakecommand，havinghastilyfiledthroughtheCity，leavingafitgarrison，thedaybefore。ExcepthisMagazines，nothingtheleastessentialwentwrongwithBrowne；butKonigseck，whohadnotaFriedrichonhisheels，——Konigseck，tryingmore，ashisopportunitiesweremore，——wasnotquitesolucky。
2。"ColumnSECOND，totheKing’sleft，comesfromtheLausitzunderBrunswick—Bevern，——18，000foot，5，000horse。ThisistheBevernwhosodistinguishedhimselfatLobositzlastyear；andheisnowtoculminateintoastillbrighterexploit，——thelastofhisverybrightones，asitproved。BevernsetoutfromaboutZittau（fromGrottau，fewmilessouthofZittau），thesamedaywithFriedrich，thatisApril20th；——andhadnotwellstartedtillhecameuponformidableobstacles。CameuponGeneralKonigseck，namely:
aKonigseckmanoeuvringahead，insuperiorforce；aMaguire，IrishsubordinateofKonigseck’s，comingfromtherighttocutoffourbaggage（againstwhomBevernhastodetach）；aLacy，comingfromtheleft；——orindeed，KonigseckandLacyinconcert，intendingtoofferbattle。BattleofReichenberg，whichaccordinglyensued，April21st，"——ofwhich，thoughitwasveryfamousforsosmallaBattle，therecanbenoaccountgivenhere。
Theshorttruthis，Konigseckfallingback，Parthian—like，withaforceof30，000ormore，hasinfrontofhimnothingbutBevern；
who，asheissuesfromtheLausitz，andtillhecanunitewithSchwerinfarthersouthward，isbutsome20，000odd:
cannotKonigseckcallhalt，andbidBevernreturn，ordoworse？
Konigseck，adiligentenoughsoldier，determinestotry；choosesanexcellentposition，——atorroundReichenberg，whichisthefirstBohemianTown，onemarchfromZittauintheLausitz，andthenonefromLiebenau，whichlatterwouldbeBevern’sSECONDBohemianstageonthePragroad，ifhecontinuedprosperous。Reichenberg，standingnestledamonghillsintheNeisseValley（oneofthoseFourNeissesknowntous，theNeissewherePrinceKarlgotexploded，inthatsignalmanner，Winter，1745，byacertainKing），offersfinecapabilities；whichKonigseckhaslaidholdof。ThereisespeciallyoneexcellentHollow（ontheleftorwesternbankofNeisseRiver，thatis，ACROSSfromReichenberg），backedbywoodyhills，nothingbuthills，brooks，woodsallround；Hollowscoopedoutasifforthepurpose；andaltogetherofinvitingcharactertoKonigseck。
There，"Wednesday，April20th，"Konigseckpostshimself，plantsbatteries，fellsabatis；plentyofcannon，ofhorseandfoot，and，sayallsoldiers，oneofthebestpositionspossible。
SothatBevern，approachingReichenbergatevening，eveningofhisfirstmarch，Wednesday，April20th，findshiswaybarred；andthatthedifficultiesmaybeconsiderable。"Nothingtobemadeofitto—night，"thinksBevern；"butwemusttryto—morrow！"andhastotakecamp，"withamarshybrookinfrontofhim，"somewayonthehithersideofReichenberg；andstudyovernightwhatmethodofunbarringtheremaybe。Thursdaymorningearly，Bevern，havingwellreconnoitredandstudied，wasatworkunbarring。Beverncrossedhisownmarshybrook；courageouslyassaultedKonigseck’sposition，leftwingofKonigseck；stormedtheabatis，thebatteries，plungedinuponKonigseck，mantoman，horsetohorse，andaftersomefierceenoughbutbriefdispute，tumbledKonigseckoutoftheground。
Konigseckmadesomeattempttorally；attemptedtwice，butinvain；
hadfairlytorollaway，andatlengthtorun，leaving1，000deaduponthefield，about500prisoners；oneortwoguns，andIforgethowmanystandards，orwhetheranykettle—drums。ThiswasthoughttobeadecidedlybrightfeatonBevern’spart（rathermismanagedlatterlyonKonigseck’s）；[Tempelhof，i。100；Helden—
Geschichte，iii。1077（Friedrich’sownAccount，"LinayinBohmen，24thApril，1757"）；&c。&c。Thereis，inBusching’sitalic>Magazin（xvi。139etseq。），anintelligiblesketchofthisActionofReichenherg，withsatiricalcriticisms，whichhavesomebasis，onLacy，Maguireandothers，byanAnonymousMilitaryCynic，——whogivesmanysuchinBUSCHING（thatofFontenoy，forexample），notwithoutforceofjudgment，andsignsofwidestudyandexperienceinhistrade。]——muchapprovedbyFriedrich，ashehearsofit，atLinay，onhisownprosperousmarchPrag—ward。
Acomfortableomen，weretherenothingmore。
KonigseckandCompany，tornoutofReichenberg，andsetrunning，couldnotfairlyhaltagainandfaceabouttillatLiebenau，twentymilesoff，wheretheyfoundsomedefileordifficultbitofgroundfitforthem；andthistooprovedcapableofyieldingpauseforafewhoursonly。ForSchwerin，withhisSilesianColumn，wascomingupfromthenortheast，threateningKonigseckonflankandrear:
KonigseckcouldonlytightenhisstrapsalittleatthisLiebenau，andagaingetunderway；andmakingvainattemptstohinderthejunctionofSchwerinandBevern，todefendtheJung—BunzlauMagazine，ordoanygoodinthoseparts，excepttodetaintheSchwerin—Bevernpeoplecertainhours（Ithink，onedayinall），hadnothingforitbuttogirdhimselftogether，andretreatonPragandtheZiscaberg，wherehisfriendsnowwere。
TheAustrianforceatReichenbergwas20，000；wouldhavebeen30
andoddthousands，hadMaguirecomeup（ashemighthavedone，hadnottheappearancesalarmedhimtoomuch）；Bevern，minustheDetachmentsentagainstMaguire，wasbut15，000infight；andhehasquitebursttheAustriansaway，whohadpluggedhisroadforhiminsuchforce:isitnotacomfortablelittlevictory，gloriousinitssort；andagoodomenforthebiggerthingsthatarecoming？
Bevernmarchedcomposedlyon，afterthisinspiritingtussle，throughLiebenauandwhatdefilestherewere；April24th，atTurnau，hefallsintotheSchwerinColumn；incorporateshimselftherewith，and，assubordinateconstituentpart，accompaniesSchwerinthenceforth。
3。"ColumnTHIRDwasSchwerin’s，outofSchlesien；countedtobe32，000foot，12，000horse。Schwerin，gatheringhimself，fromGlatzandthenortherlycountry，atLandshut，——verycareless，he，ofthepleasantHills，andfinescatteredpeaksoftheGiantMountainsthereabouts，——wascompletelygatheredforemostofalltheColumns，havingfarthesttogo。AndonMonday，18thApril，startedfromLandshut，Winterfeldleadingonedivision。Inourdays，itisthefinestofroads；highlevelPass，ofgoodwidth，acrosstheGiantRange；pleasantpaintedhamletssprinklingit，finemountainridgesanddistantpeakslookingon；Schneekoppe（SNOWfell，itsheadbright—whitetillJulycome）attendsyou，fartotheright，alltheway:——probablySpriteRubezahlinhabitsthere；andnodoubtRiverElbebeginshislongjourneythere，tricklingdowninlittlethreadsoveryonder，intendingtofloatnaviesbyandby:
considerationsinfinitelyindifferenttoSchwerin。’Theroad，’saysmyTourist，（isnotAlpine；itremindsyouofDerbyshire—Peakcountry；moreliketheroadfromCastletowntoSheffieldthananyI
couldname；’——wehavebeeninitbefore，myreaderandI，aboutSchatzlarandotherplaces。Trautenau，welldowntheHills，withswiftstreams，moreliketorrents，boundElbe—wards，wateringit，isaconsiderableAustrianTown，andtheBohemianendofthePass，——Sohronlyafewmilesfromit:heartilyindifferenttoSchwerinatthismoment；whowashomefromtheArmy，inakindofdisfavor，ormutualpet，atthetimeSohrwasdone。Schwerin’sMarchweshallnotgive；hisjunctionwithBevern（atTurnau，ontheIser，April24th），thentheircaptureofJung—BunzlauMagazine，andcrossingoftheElbeatMelnick，theseweretheimportantpoints；and，inspiteofKonigseck’stusslings，theseallwentwell，andnothingwaslostexceptonedayoftime。"
TheAustrians，somedaysago，asweobserved，filedTHROUGHPrag，——
Sunday，May1st，notapleasantholiday—spectacletothepopulations；——andareallencampedontheZiscaberghighground，ontheothersideoftheCity。Hadtheybeenalert，nowwasthetimetoattackFriedrich，whoisweakerthanthey，whilenobodyhasyetjoinedhim。Theydidnotthinkofit，underPrinceKarl；andBrowneandthePrincearesaidtobeinbadagreement。
ChapterII。
BATTLEOFPRAG。
Mondaymorning，2dMay，1757，theVanguard，oradvancedtroopsofFriedrich’sColumn，hadappearedupontheWeissenberg，northwestcornerofPrag（groundknowntothemin1744，andtothepoorWinter—Kingin1620）:Vanguardinthemorning；followedshortlybyFriedrichhimself；and，hourafterhour，byalltheothers，marchingin。Sothat，beforesunset，thewholeforcelaypostedthere；andhadtheromanticCityofPragfullinviewattheirfeet。Amostromantic，high—piled，many—towered，mostunleveloldCity；itsskylightsandgiltsteeple—cocksglitteringinthewesternsun，——AustrianCampveryvisibleclosebeyondit，spreadoutmilesinextentontheZiscabergHeights，oreasternside；——
Prag，nodoubt，andtheAustrianGarrisonofPrag，takingintensesurveyofthisPrussianphenomenon，withcommentaries，withemotions，hiddennowineternalsilence，asisfitenough。
Onethingweknow，"Head—quarterwasinWelleslawin:"there，inthatsmallHamlet，nearlytonorth，lodgedFriedrich，thethenbusiestmanofEurope；whomPosterityisstillstrivingforaviewof，assomethingmemorable。
PrinceKarl，ouroldfriend，isnowinchiefcommandyonder；
Brownealsoisthere，whowasinchiefcommand；theirschemeofCampaigngoneallawry。AndtoFriedrich，lastnight，athisquarters"intheMonasteryofTuchomirsitz，"wherethesetwoGentlemenhadlodgedthenightbefore，itwasreportedthattheyhadbeenheardinviolentaltercation；[Helden—Geschichte，iv。11（exact"Diaryofthemarch"giventhere）。]——
bothofthem，naturally，inill—humoratthesurprisingturnthingshadtaken；andFeldmarschallBrownefiringup，belike，atsomeplatitudepastorcoming，atsomeadviceofhisrejected，someimputationcastonhim，orweknownotwhat。PrinceKarlisnowchief；andindignantBrowne，asmaywellbethecase，dissentsagooddeal，——ashehasoftenhadtodo。Patience，myfriend，itisnearendingnow！PrinceKarlmeanstoliequietontheZiscaberg，andholdPrag；doesnotthinkofmolestingFriedrichinhissolitarystate；andwillundertakenothing，"tillKonigseck，fromJung—Bunzlau，comein，"victoriousornot；ortillperhapsevenDaunarrive（whois，ratherslowly，gatheringreinforcementinMaren）:"Whatcantheenemyattemptonus，inaPostofthisstrength？"thinksPrinceKarl。AndBrowne，whateverhisinsightorconvictionsbe，hastokeepsilence。
"Weissenberg，"letreadersbereminded，"isonthehitherorwesternsideofPrag:theHradschin[pronounceRadSHEEN，withaccentonthelastsyllable，asin"SchwerIN"andothersuchcases]，theHradschin，whichisthetopmostsummitoftheCityandoftheFashionableQuarter，——oldBohemianPalace，stilloccasionallyhabitableassuch，andinconstantuseasaDOWNING
STREET，——liesontheslopeorshoulderoftheWeissenberg，agoodwayfromthetop；andhasawebofstreetsrushingdownfromit，steepeststreetsintheworld；tilltheyreachtheBridge，andbroad—flowingMoldau（broadasThamesathalf—flood，butnothinglikesodeep）；afterwhichthestreetsbecomelevel，andspreadoutinintricateplentytorightandtoleft，andaheadeastward，acrosstheRiver，tilltheZiscaberg，withfrowningprecipitousbrow，suddenlyputsastoptotheminthatparticulardirection。
FromZiscabergtoptoWeissenbergtopmaybeaboutfiveEnglishmiles；fromtheHradschintothefootofZiscaberg，northwesttosoutheast，willbehalfthatdistance，thegreatestlengthofPragCity。Whichisratherrhomboidalinshape，itslongerdiagonalthisthatwemention。Theshorterdiagonal，fromnorthmostbaseofZiscabergtosouthmostofHradschin，isperhapsacoupleofmiles。
Pragstandsnestledinthelapofmountains；andisnotinitselfastrongplaceinwar:butthecountryroundit，Moldauploughinghisruggedchasmofapassagethroughthepiledtable—land，isdifficulttomanoeuvrein。
"MoldauValleycomesstraightfromthesouth，crossesPrag；
and——making，onitsoutgateatthenorthernendofPrag（endof’shortestdiagonal’justspokenof），onebigloop，orbendandcounter—bend，ofhorse—shoeshape，"whichwillbenotabletousanon——"againproceedsstraightnorthwardandElbe—ward。Itisnarroweverywhere，especiallywhenoncegotfairlynorthofPrag；
andrunsalonglikeaQuasi—HighlandStrath，amidrocksandhills。
BigHill—ranges，nottobecalledbarren，yetwithrockenoughoneachhand，andfinesidevalleysopeninghereandthere:thebottomofyourStrath，whichisgreenandfertile，withpleasantbusyVillages（muchintentonwater—powerandcotton—spinninginourtime），isgenerallyoffewfurlongsinbreadth。Andsoitlasts，thispleasantMoldauValley，mileaftermile，onthenorthernorLowerMoldau，generallystraightnorth，thoughwithonebigbendeastwardjustbeforeending；andnottillnearMelnick，orthemouthofMoldau，doweemergeonthatgrandElbeValley，——glancedatoncealready，fromPascopolorotherHeight，intheLobositztimes。"
Friedrich’sfirstproblemisthejunctionwithSchwerin:junctionnottobeaccomplishedsouthofZiscaberginthepresentcircumstances；andwhichFriedrichknowstobeaticklishoperation，withthoseAustrianslookingonfromthehighgroundsthere。Tuesday，3dMay，inthewayofreconnoitring，anddecisivelyonWednesday，4th，Friedrichisoffnorthward，alongthewesternheightsofLowerMoldau，properforcefollowinghim，toseekafitplaceforthepontoons，andgetacrossinthatnorthernquarter。
"HowdangerousthatSchwerinisadaytoolate！"murmurshe；
buthopestheAustrianswillundertakenothing。Keith，with30，000，hehasleftontheWeissenberg，tostraitenPragandtheAustrianGarrisononthatside:ourwagon—trainsarrivefromLeitmeritzonthatside，Elbe—boatsbringthemuptoLeitmeritz；veryindispensabletoguardthatsideofPrag。Friedrich’sfixedpurposealsoistobeattheAustrians，ontheothersideofit，andsendthempacking；butforthat，therearestepsneedful！
UpsofarasLissoley，thefirstday，Friedrichhasfoundnofitplace；butonthemorrow，Thursday，5th，fartherup，ataplacecalledSeltz，FriedrichfindshissideoftheStrathtobe"alittlehigherthantheother，"——proper，therefore，forcannonadingtheother，ifneedbe；——andordershispontoonstobebuilttogetherthere。HeknowsaccuratelyoftheSchwerinColumn，ofthecomfortableBevernVictoryatReichenberg，andhowtheyhavegottheJung—BunzlauMagazine，andareacrosstheElbe，theirbridgesallsecured，thoughwithdelayofoneday；anddonowwaitonlyfortheword，——forthethreecannon—shot，infact，whicharetosignifythatFriedrichisactuallycrossingtotheirsideofLowerMoldau。
Friedrich’sBridgeisspeedilybuilt（trainedhumanhandscanbenospeedier），hisbatteriesplanted，hisprecautionstaken:thethreecannon—shotgooff，audibletoSchwerin；andFriedrich’stroopsstreamspeedilyacross，hardlyaPandourtomeddlewiththem。
Nay，beforethepassagewascomplete——whatlight—horsesquadronsarethese？Hussars，seentobeSeidlitz’s（missionedbySchwerin），appearontheoutskirts:ameetingworthyofthreecheers，surely，aftersuchamarchonbothsides！FriedrichliesontheeasternHill—topsthatnight（HamletofCzimitzhisHead—quarter，discoverableifyouwishit，scarcelythreemilesnorthofPrag）；
andaccurateappointmentismadewithSchwerinastothemeeting—placeto—morrowmorning。Meeting—placeistobetheenvironsofProssikVillage，southeastwardoveryonder，shortwaynorthofthePrag—KonigsgratzHighway；andrathernearerPragthanwenoware，inCzimitzhere:timeatProssiktobe6A。M。bytheclock；andWinterfeldandSchwerintocomeinpersonandspeakwithhisMajesty。ThisistheprogramforFriday，May6th，whichprovestobesomemorableaday。
Schwerinisonfootbythestrokeofmidnight；comesalong，"overtheheightsofChaber，"byhalfadozen，orIknownothowmanyroads；visibleinduetimetoFriedrich’speople，whoarelikewisepunctuallyontheadvance:inaword，thejunctionisaccomplishedwithallcorrectness。And，whiletheColumnsaremarchingup，SchwerinandWinterfeldrideaboutinpersonalconferencewithhisMajesty；takingsurvey，throughspy—glasses，ofthoseAustriansencampedyonderonthebroadbackoftheirZiscaHill，acoupleofmilestosouthward。"WhatasetofAustrians，"exclaimmilitarycritics，"topermitsuchjunction，withoutefforttodevourtheonehalfortheother，ingoodtime！"Friedrichhimself，itisprobable，mightpartlybeofthesameopinion；butheknewhisAustrians，andhadmadeboldtoventure。Friedrich，wecanobserve，alwaysgottoknowhisman，afterfightinghimamonthortwo；
andtooklibertieswithhim，ordidnottake，accordingly。And，formostpart，——notquitealways，asonesignalexceptionwillShow，——
hedoesitwithperfectaccuracy；andoftenwithvitalprofittohismeasures。"IftheAustriancooking—tentsarea—smokebeforeeightinthemorning，"noteshe，"youmaycalculate，insuchcase，theAustrianswillmarchthatday。"[MILITARYINSTRUCTIONS。]Withasurprisingvividnessofeyeandmind（beautifultorival，ifonecould），hewatchesthesignsofthetimes，ofthehoursandthedaysandtheplaces；andprophesiesfromthem；readsmenandtheirprocedures，asiftheyweremerehandwriting，nottoocrampforhim。——TheAustrianshave，bythistime，gottheirKonigseckhome，veryunvictorious，butstillonfoot，allbutathousandortwo:
theyarealreadystrongerthanthePrussiansbycountofheads；
andtillevenDauncomeup，whathurryinaPostlikethis？
TheAustriansareviewingFriedrich，too，thismorning；butintheblankestmanner:theiroutpostsfireacannon—shotortwoonhisgroupofadjutantsandhim，withouteffect；andtheHeadpeoplesendtheircavalryouttoforage，solittleprophecyhavetheyfromsignsseen。
ZiscaHill，wheretheAustriansnoware，risessheerup，ofwell—
nighprecipitoussteepness，thoughtherearetreesandgrassonit，fromtheeasternsideofPrag，sayfiveorsixhundredfeet。
Asteep，picturesque，massivegreenHill；MoldauRiver，turningsuddenlytoright，strikesthenorthwestcornerofit（hasflowedwelltowestofit，tillthen），andwindseastwardrounditsnorthernbase。Aswillbenoticedpresently。TheascentofZiscaberg，byroads，issteepandtedious:butonceatthetop，youfindthatitisprecipitousontwosidesonly，theCityorwestwardside，andtheMoldauornorthward。Atopitspreadsout，farandwide，intoawavinguplandlevel；bareofhedges；ploughableallofit，studdedwithlitteryhamletsandfarmsteadings；farandwide，akindofPlain，slopingwithextremegentleness，fiveorsixmilestoeastward，andasfartosouthward，beforethelevelperceptiblyriseagain。
AnotherfeatureoftheZiscaberg，alreadyhintedat，isverynotable:thatoftheMoldauskirtingitsnorthernbase，andscarpingtheHill，onthatsidetoo，intoaprecipitous，orverysteepcondition。Moldauhavingarrivedfromsouthward，fairlypasttheendofZiscaberg，had，sotospeak，madeuphismindtogorighteastward，quarryinghiswaythroughtheloweruplandsthere，Andheproceedsaccordingly，huggingthenorthernbaseofZiscaberg，andmakingitsteepenough；butfinds，inthecourseofamileorso，thathecannomore；uplandbeingstillrock—built，notunderminablefarther；andsoisobligedtowindroundagain，tonorthward，andfinallystraightwestward，thewayhecame，orparalleltothewayhecame；andhaseffectedthatgreatHorse—shoeHollowweheardoflately。AnextremelyprettyHollow，andcurioustolookupon；prettyvillas，gardens，anda"BelvederePark，"laidoutinthebottompart；withgreenmountain—wallsrisingallroundit，andasilverringofriveratthebaseofthem:lengthofHorse—shoe，fromheeltotoe，orfromwesttoeast，isperhapsamile；breadth，fromheeltoheel，perhapshalfasmuch。
Havingarrivedathisolddistancetowest，Moldau，likearepentantprodigal，andasifashamedofhisfrolic，justoveragainsttheoldpointheswervedfrom，takesstraighttonorthwardagain。Straightnorthward；andquarriesoutthatfinenarrowvalley，orQuasi—HighlandStrath，withitspleasantbusyvillages，whereheturnstheovershotmachinery，andwhereFriedrichandhismenhadtheirpontoonsswimmingyesterday。
Itishere，onthisbroadbackoftheZiscaberg，thattheAustriansnowlie；lookingnorthwardovertotheKing，andtryingcannon—
shotsuponhim。Theretheyhavebeenencamping，anddiligentlyintrenchingthemselvesforfourdayspast；diligentespeciallysinceyesterday，whentheyheardofFriedrich’scrossingtheRiver。
Theirgroupsoftents，andbatteriesatallthegoodpoints，stretchfromnearthecrownofZiscaberg，eastwardtotheVillagesofHlaupetin，Kyge，andtheirLakes，nearfourmiles；andrearwardintotheinterioroneknowsnothowfar；——PrinceKarl，hardlyawakeyet，liesatNussel，neartheMoldau，neartheWischeradorsoutheastmostpointofPrag；sixgoodmileswest—by—southofKyge，attheotherendofthediagonalline。Aboutthesamedistance，righteastfromNussel，andamileormoretosouthofKyge，overyonder，isalitteryFarmsteadnamedSterbohol，whichisnotyetoccupiedbytheAustrians，butwillbecomeveryfamousintheirWar—Annals，thisday！——
WheretheAustrianCamporvariousTent—groupswere，atthetimeFriedrichfirstcasteyeonthem，isnogreatconcernofhisorours；inasmuchas，intwoorthreehourshence，theAustrianswereobliged，rathersuddenly，totakeOrderofBattle；andthat，andnottheircamping，isthethingwearecuriousupon。Letusstepacross，andtakesomesurveyofthatAustrianground，whichFriedrichisnowsurveyingfromthedistance，fullyintendingthatitshallbeabattle—groundinfewhours；andtrytoexplainhowtheAustriansdrewuponit，whentheynoticedthePrussiansymptomstobecomeseriousmoreandmore。Bynineinthemorning，——sometwohoursafterFriedrichbeganhisscanning，andtheAustrianoutpoststheirfiringofstraycannon—shotsonhim，——itisBattle—lines，notemptyTents（whichtherewasnottimetostrike），thatsalutetheeyeoveryonder。
FrombehindthatverdantHorse—shoeChasmwespokeof，buttressedbytheinaccessiblesteeps，andtheMoldau，double—foldedintheformofHorse—shoe，allalongthebrowofthatslopingexpanse，stands（by9A。M。"foragersallsuddenlycalledin"）theAustrianfront；thesecondlineandthereserve，paralleltoit，atgooddistancesbehind。Rankedthere；say65，000regulars（Prussianforcelittleshortofthesame），onthebrowofZiscabergslope，somefourmileslong。Theirrightwingends，instrongbatteries，inintricatemarshes，knolls，lakelets，betweenHlaupetinandKyge:
theextremeoftheirleftwinglooksoveronthatHorse—shoeHollow，whereMoldautriedtodighisway，butcouldnotandhadtoturnback。Theyhavenumerousredoubts，infrontandinallthegoodplaces；andarebusywithmore，someofthemjustnowgettingfinished，treble—quick，whilethePrussiansareseenunderway。
Asmanyassixtyheavycannoninbatteryupanddown:offield—
piecestheyhaveahundredandfifty。ExcellentalwayswiththeirArtillery，theseAustrians；plentyofit，well—placedandwell—
served:thankstoPrinceLichtenstein’sfinelaborswithinthesetenyearspast。[OEuvresdeFrederic，（inseveralplaces）；seeHormayr，？Lichtenstein。]Thevillages，thefarmsteads，areoccupied；everyrisinggroundespeciallyhasitsbattery，——HomolyBerg，TaborBerg，"MountofTabor；"sayKNOLLofTabor（nothinglikesohighasBatterseaRise，hardlyevenasConstitutionHill），thoughscripturalZiscawouldmakeaMountofit；——these，andotherBERGSoftheliketype。
ThatistheAustrianBattleOrder（asitstoodabout9，thoughithadstilltochangealittle，asweshallsee）:theirfirstline，straightornearlyso，lookingnorthward，standsonthebrowoftheZiscaSlope；theirsecondandtheirthird，singularlylikeit，attheduedistancesbehind；——intheintervals，theirtents，whichstandscattered，ingroupswideapart，intheampleinteriortosouthward。Thecavalryisonbothwings；leftwing，behindthatMoldauChasm，cannotattacknorbeattacked，——exceptitwereonhippogriffs，anditsenemyonthelike，capableoffightingintheair，overheadoftheseBelvederePleasure—grounds:perhapsPrinceKarlwillremedythisoversight；fruitofclosefollowingoftheorthodoxpractice？PrinceKarl，supremeChief，commandsontheleftwing；Browneontheright，wherehecanattackorbeattacked，NOT
onhippogriffs。Asweshallsee，andotherswill！Lighthorse，inanyquantity，hangscatteredonalloutskirts。Withfoot，withcannonbatteries，withhorse，lightorheavy，theycoverinlongbroadfloodthewholeofthatZiscaSlope，tonearwhereitceases，andthegroundtoeastwardbeginsperceptiblytoriseagain。
Inthislatterquarter，ZiscaSlope，nownearlyended，beginstogetveryswampyinparts；ontheeasternborderoftheAustrianCamp，atKyge，Hostawitz，andbeyonditsouthward，aboutSterboholandMichelup，therearemanylittlelakelets；artificialfish—
ponds，severalofthem，withtheirsluices，damsandapparatus:
araggedbroadishlacingofpondsandlakelets（allwelldriedinourday）stragglesandzigzagsalongthere，connectedbythemiserablestBrookinnature，whichtakestooozingandserpentizingforwardthereabouts，anddoesfinallygetemptied，nowinaratherliveliercondition，intotheMoldau，abouttheTOE—partofthatHorse—shoeorBelvedereregion。ItrunsinsightoftheKing，I
think，wherehenowis；thislowerlivelierpartofit:littledoestheKingknowhowimportanttheupperoozingportionofitwillbetohimthisday。NearMicheluparelakeletsworthnoticing；
alittleunderSterbohol，inthecourseofthismiserableBrook，isastringoffish—ponds，withtheirsluicesopenatthistime，thewaterout，andthemudbottomsownwithherb—provenderfortheintendedcarps，whichiscomingonbeautifully，greenasleeks，andnearlyreadyforthefishgettingtoitagain。
Friedrichsurveysdiligentlywhathecanofallthis，fromthenorthernverge。WewillnowreturntoFriedrich；andwillstayonhissidethroughtheterribleActionthatiscoming。BattleofPrag，oneofthefuriousBattlesoftheWorld；loudasDoomsday；——
theveryEmblemofwhich，doneonthePianobyfemalesofenergy，scattersmankindtoflightwholovetheirears！OfthisgreatActiontheNarrativesoldandmodernareinnumerable；falsesomeofthem，unintelligiblewell—nighall。TherearethreeinLloyd，knownprobablytosomeofmyreaders。Tempelhof，withcriticismsofthesethree，givesafourth，——perhapstheoneNarrativewhichhumannature，aftermuchstudy，caninsomesortunderstand。
Humanreaders，especiallymilitary，Irefertothatastheirfinale。[InLloyd，i。38etseq。（theThree）:inTempelhof，i。123
（theFourth）；ib。i。144（strengthofeachArmy），105—149（remarksofTempelhof）。——The"HISTORY，"orSeriesofLecturesontheBattles&c。ofthisWar，"BYTHEROYALSTAFF—OFFICERS"——which，forthelastthirtyorfortyyears，isusedasText—Book，orMilitaryEUCLID，inthePrussianCadet—Schools，——appearstopossessthefitprofessoriallucidityandamplitude；and，inregardtoallOfficialdetails，enumerationsandthelike，isreceivedasofCANONICAL
authority:itisnotaccessibletothegeneralPublic，——thoughliberallyenoughconcededinspecialcases；whereby，ineffect，themainresultsofitarenowbecomecurrentinmodernPrussianBooks。
Byfavorinhighquarters，Ihadoncepossessionofacopy，forsomemonths；butnot，atthattime，thepossibilityofthoroughlyreadinganypartofit。]Otherinterestthanmilitary—scientifictheActionnowhasnotmuch。Thestormyfireofsoulthatblazedthatday（higherinnoancientormodernFightofmen）isextinct，hopelessofresuscitationforEnglishreaders。Approximatelywhatthethingtohumaneyesmightbelike；whatFriedrich’sprocedure，humorandphysiognomyofsoulwasinit:this，especiallythelatterhead，iswhatwesearchfor，——hadlazyDryasdustgivenusalmostanythingonthislatterhead！Whatlittlecanbegleanedfromhimonbothheadsletusfaithfullygive，andfinishoursadpartofthecombat。
Friedrich，withhisSchwerinandWinterfeld，surveyingthesethingsfromthenorthernedge，admitsthattheAustrianpositionisextremelystrong；buthehasnodoubtthatitmustbe，bysomegoodmethod，attackedstraightway，andtheAustriansgotbeaten。
Indisputablytheenterpriseisdifficult。Unattackableclearly，theAustrians，onthatleftwingoftheirs；notinthecentrewellattackable，norinthefrontatall，withthatstiffground，andsuchredoubtsandpointsofstrength:butroundontheirrightyonder；taketheminflank，——cannotwe？OnasfarasKyge，theThreehaveriddenreconnoitring；andfoundnopossibilityuponthefront；noratKyge，wherethefrontendsinbatteries，poolsandquagmires，isthereany。"Difficult，notundoable，"persiststheKing:"anditmustbestraightwaysetaboutandgotdone。"
Winterfeld，alwaysforaction，isofthatopinion，too:and，examiningfartherdownalongtheirrightflank，reportsthattherethethingisfeasible。
Feasibleperhaps:"butstraightway？"objectsSchwerin。Hismenhavebeenonfootsincemidnight，andonforcedmarchesfordayspast:
wereitnotbettertorestforthisoneday？"Rest:——andDaun，comingonwith30，000ofreinforcementtothem，mightarrivethisnight？Never，mygoodFeldmarschall；"——andastheFeldmarschallwasamanofstiffnotions，andhadatongueofsomeemphasis，theDialoguewenton，probablywithincreasingemphasisonFriedrich’ssidetoo，tilloldSchwerin，withaquiteemphaticflashofcountenance，crushingthehatfirmoverhisbrow，exclaims:"Well，yourMajesty:thefresherfishthebetterfish（FRISCHEFISCHE，GUTEFISCHE）:straightway，then！"andspringsoffonthegallopsouthward，hetoo，seekingsomelikelypointofattack。Hetoo，——
conjointlyornotwithWinterfeld，Idonotknow:Winterfeldhimselfdoesnotsay；whoseownmodestwordsonthesubjectreadersshallseebeforewefinish。ButbotharementionedintheBooksassearching，athand—gallop，inthisway:andboth，oncewellroundtosouth，bythePodschernitz["Podschernitz"ispronouncedPotSHERnitz（shouldwehappentomentionnitagain）；"Kyge，"
KEEGA。]quarter，withtheAustrianrightflankfullinview，wereagreedthatherethethingwaspossible。"InfantrytopushfromthisquartertowardsSterboholyonder，andthenplungeintotheirredoubtsandthem！Cavalrymaysweepstillfarthersouthward，iffoundconvenient，andeventaketheminrear。"Bothagreethatitwilldointhisway:groundtolerablygood，slightlydownwardsforus，thenslightlyupwardsagain；tolerableforhorseeven:——theintermediatelacingofdirtylakelets，thefish—pondswiththeirsluicesdrawn，SchwerinandWinterfeldeitherdidnotnoticeatall，orthoughttheminsiginificant，interspersedwithsuchbeautiful"pasture—ground，"——ofunusualverdureatthisearlyseasonoftheyear。
Thedeployment，or"marchingup（AUFMARSCHIREN）"ofthePrussianswaswonderful；intheirsquadrons，intheirbattalions，horse，foot，artillery，wheeling，closing，opening；strangelycheckeringacountry—side，——inmovementsintricate，chaotictoallbutthescientificeye。Conceivethem，flowingalong，fromtheHeightsofChaber，behindProssikHamlet（rightwingofinfantryplantsitselfatProssik，horsewestwardofthem）；andeveronwardsinbroadmany—checkeredtide—stream，eastward，eastward，thensouthward（"ourartillerywentthroughPodschernitz，thefootandhorsealittleonthiswestwardsideofit"）:intricate，many—glancingtideofcomingbattle；which，swift，correctasclock—work，becomestwolines，fromProssiktonearChwala（"baggagewellbehindatGbell"）；thenceroundbyPodschernitzquarter；anddescends，steady，swift，tornado—stormsobeautifullyhiddeninit，towardsSterbohol，theretogripto。Gradually，instirringupthoseolddeadpedanticrecord—books，thefactrisesonus:silentwhirlwindsofoldPlatt—Deutschfire，beautifullyhelddown，dwellinthosemutemasses；betterhumanstuffthereisnotthanthatoldTeutsch（Dutch，English，Platt—Deutschandothervarieties）；andsodisciplinedashereitneverwasbeforeorsince。"Inanhourandhalf，"whatmilitarymenmaycountalmostincredible，theyarefairlyontheirground，motionlessthemostofthemby9A。M。；
therestwheelingrightward，astheysuccessivelyarriveintheChwala—Podschernitzlocalities；and，descendingdiligently，Sterboholway；andwillbeattheirharvest—workanon。
MeanwhiletheAustrians，seeing，totheirastonishment，thesephenomenatothenorth，andthatitisaquiteseriousthing，doalsorapidlybestirthemselves；swarminglikebees；——bringingintheirforagingCavalry，"Notimetochangeyourjacketforacoat:"
rank，double—quick！Browneisonthatrightwingoftheirs:
"Bringtheleftwingoverhither，"suggestsBrowne；"cavalryisuselessyonder，unlesstheyhadhippogriffs！"——and（againBrownesuggesting）theAustriansmakeachangeinthepositionoftheirrightwing，bothhorseandfoot:changewhichisofvitalimportance，thoughunnotedinmanyNarrativesofthisBattle。
Seeing，namely，whatthePrussiansintend，theywheeltheirrightwing（saythelastfurlongortwooftheirlongLineofBattle）
halfroundtoright；sothatthelastfurlongortwostandsatrightangles（"ENPOTENCE，"gallows—wise，orjoiner’s—square—wisetotherest）；and，inthisway，makefronttothePrussianonslaught，——frontnow，notflank，asthePrussiansareanticipating。Thisisanimportantwheeltoright，andformationinjoiner’s—squaremanner；andinvolvesnoendofinteriorwheeling，marchinganddeploying；whichAustrianscannotmanagewithPrussianvelocity。"Swiftwithit，hereaboutSterboholatleast，mymen！
ForherearethePrussianswithinwindofus！"urgesBrowne。Andherestraightwaythehurricanedoesbreakloose。
Winterfeld，thevanofSchwerin’sinfantry（Schwerin’sownregiment，andsomeothers，withhim），isstridingrapidlyonSterbohol；WinterfeldcatchesitbeforeBrownecan。Butnearby，behindthatimportantpost，ontheHomelyHill（BERGor"Mountain，"
nothinglikesohighasConstitutionMountain），arecannon—
batteriesofdevouringquality；whichawakenonWinterfeld，asherushesoutdouble—quickontheadvancingAustrians；andarefataltoWinterfeld’sattempt，andnearlytoWinterfeldhimself。
Winterfeld，heavilywounded，sankinswoonfromhishorse；
andawakeningagaininapoolofblood，foundhismenalloff，rushingbackuponthemainSchwerinbody；"Austriangrenadiersgazingonthething，abouteightypacesoff，notventuringtofollow。"Winterfeld，halfdead，scrambledacrosstoSchwerin，whohasnowcomeupwiththemainbody，hisfrontlinefrontingtheAustrianshere。Andthereensued，aboutSterboholandneighborhood，ledonbySchwerin，suchadeath—wrestleaswasseldomseenintheAnnalsofWar。Winterfeld’smissofSterboholwasthebeginningofit:theexactcourseofsequelnonecandescribe，thoughtheendiswellknown。
TheAustriansnowholdSterboholwithfirmgrip，backedbythosebatteriesfromHomolyHill。Redoubts，cannon—batteries，aswesaid，studallthefield；theAustrianstockofartilleryisverygreat；
arrangementofitcunning，practiceexcellent；doeshonortoPrinceLichtenstein，andindeedistherealforceoftheAustriansonthisoccasion。SchwerinmusthaveSterbohol，inspiteofbatteriesandrankedAustrians，andWinterfeld’srecoiltumblingroundhim:——andrarelyhadtheoldestveteransuchaproblem。OldSchwerin（fieryasever，attheageof73）hasbeeninmanybattles，fromBlenheimonwards；andnowhasgottohishottestandhislast。
"Vanguardcouldnotdoit；mainbody，wehope，kindlingallthehotter，perhapsmay！"AmostwillingmindisinthesePrussiansofSchwerin’s:fatigueofover—marchinghastiredthemusclesofthem；
buttheirhearts，——allwitnessessay，these（andthroughthese，theirverymuscles，"alwaysfreshagain，afterafewminutesofbreathing—time"）werebeyondcomparison，thisday！
Schwerin’sPrussians，asthey"marchup"（thatis，astheyfrontandadvanceupontheAustrians），areeverywheresalutedbycase—
shot，fromHomolyHillandthebatteriesnorthwardofHomoly；
butmarchon，thismainlineofthem，finelyregardlessofitorofWinterfeld’sdisasterbyit。ThegeneralPrussianOrderthisdayis:"Bypushofbayonet；nofiring，none，atanyrate，tillyouseethewhitesoftheireyes！"Swift，steadyasontheparade—ground，swiftlymakinguptheirgapsagain，thePrussiansadvance，ontheseterms；andarenownearthose"finesleekpasture—grounds，unusuallygreenfortheseason。"Figuretheactualsteppinguponthese"finepasture—grounds:"——mud—tanks，verdantwithmere"beardingoat—crop"sownthereascarp—provender！Figurethesinkingofwholeregimentstotheknee；tothemiddle，someofthem；thesteadymarchbecomeawildsprawlthroughviscousmud，merecase—shotsingingroundyou，tearingyouawayatitsease！
Evenonthoseterribleterms，thePrussians，bydams，byfootpaths，sometimesonemanabreast，sprawlsteadilyforward，trailingtheircannonwiththem；onlyafewregiments，inthefootpathparts，cannotbringtheircannon。Forward；rankagain，whenthegroundwillcarry；everforward，thecase—shotgettingevermoremurderous！Nohumanpencandescribethedeadlychaoswhichensuedinthatquarter。Whichlasted，indesperatefury，issuedubious，forabovethreehours；andwasthecrisis，oressentialagony，oftheBattle。Foot—chargings，（oncethemud—transitwasaccomplished），understormsofgrape—shotfromHomolyHill；byandby，Horse—chargings，PrussianagainstAustrian，southwardofHomolyandSterbohol，stillfarthertothePrussianleft；hugewhirlpooloftumultuousdeath—wrestle，everyspeciesofspasmodiceffort，ontheonesideandtheother；——Kinghimselfpresentthere，asIdimlydiscover；FeldmarschallBrowneeminent，inthelastofhisfields；
and，astheoldNIEBELUNGENhasit，"amurdergrimandgreat"
goingon。
Schwerin’sPrussians，inthatpreliminarystrugglethroughthemud—
tanks（whichWinterfeld，Ithink，hadhappenedtoskirt，andavoid），werehardbested。This，sofarasIcanlearn，wastheworstofthechaos，thispreliminarypart。Intolerabletohumannature，this，ornearlyso；eventohumannatureofthePlatt—
Teutschtype，improvedbyPrussiandrill。Winterfeld’srepulsewesaw；Schwerin’sownRegimentinit。Variousrepulses，Iperceive，therewere，——"freshregimentsfromourSecondLine"storminginthereupon；tillthepoorrepulsedpeople"tookbreath，"repented，"andthemselvesstormedinagain，"saytheBooks。Fearfultugging，swaggingandswayingisconceivable，inthisSterboholproblem！
Andafterlongscanning，Iratherjudgeitwasinthewakeofthatfirstrepulse，andnotofsomeotherfartheron，thattheveteranSchwerinhimselfgothisdeath。Noonetimesitforus；butthefactisunforgettable；andinthedimwhirlofsequences，dimlyplacesitselfthere。Verycertainitis，"atsightofhisownregimentinretreat，"FeldmarschallSchwerinseizedthecolors，——asdidotherGenerals，whoarenotnamed，thatday。Seizesthecolors，fieryoldman:"HERAN，MEINEKINDER（Thisway，mysons）！"andridesahead，alongthestraightdamagain；his"sons"allturning，andwithhotrepentancefollowing。"On，mychildren，HERAN！"Fivebitsofgrape—shot，deadlyeachofthem，atoncehittheoldman；
deadhesinksthereonhisflag；andwillneverfightmore。