place"thanforamedicalgentlemanofeminence:unworthytreatment，infact，inmanyormostquarters；——followedbyhypochondria，bydreadfulbodilydisorder（kindnotgivenordiscoverable），"sothatIsufferedthepainsofHell，"satweeping，satgnashingmyteeth，andcouldn’twriteaNoteafterdinner；
　　followedfinallybythesickness，andthenbythedeath，ofmypoorWife，"afterfivemonthsoftorment。"Uponwhich，in1771，Zimmermann’sfriends——forhehadmanyfriends，being，infact，apersonoffinegracefulintellect，highproudfeelingsandtendersensibilities，gonealltothissadstate——ralliedthemselves；
　　sethisHanoverhouseinorderforhim（governessforhischildren，whatnot）；andsenthimofftoBerlin，theretobedealtwithbyoneMeckel，anincomparableSurgeon，andbehealedofhisdreadfuldisorder（"LEIBESSCHADE，ofwhichthefirsttraceshadappearedinBrugg"），——thoughtomostpeopleitseemedratherhewoulddie；
　　"andoneMedicalEminencyinHanoversaidtomyself[Zimmermann]
　　oneday:’Dr。So—and—soistohaveyourPension，Iamtold；now，byallright，itshouldbelongtome，don’tyouthinkso？’"What，"I"
　　thoughtofthematter，seeingthegreedygentlemanthus"partingmyskin，"maybeconjectured！——
　　ThefamedMeckelreceivedhisfamedpatientwithanoblenessworthyoftheheroicages。Dodgedhiminhisownhouse，insoftestbedsandappliances；spokecomforttohim，hopetohim，——thegallantMeckel；——rallied，infact，theduemedicalstaffonemorning；
　　cameuptoZimmermann，who"stripped，"withtheheartofalambandlionconjoined，andtrustinginGod，"flunghimselfonhisbed"（onhisface，oronhisback，weneverknow），andthere，bythehandsofMeckelandstaff，"receivedabove2，000（TWOTHOUSAND）cutsinthespaceofanhourandhalf，withoututteringonewordorsound。"
　　Afrightfuloperation，gallantlyendured，andskilfullydone；
　　wherebythe"bodilydisorder"（LEIBESSCHADE），whateveritmightbe，waseffectuallyandforeversentaboutitsbusinessbythenobleMeckel。
　　Hospitalitiesandsoft，hushedkindnessesandsoothingministrations，byMeckelandbyeverybody，werenowdoubledandtrebled:wisekindMadamMeckel，youngkindMamsellMeckelandtheSon（who"now，in1788，lecturesinGottingen"）；nottheseonly，norSchmuckerHeadArmy—Surgeon，andtheever—memorableHERR
　　GENERALCHIRURGUSMadan，whohadbothbeenintheoperation；
　　nottheseonly，butbydegreesallthatwasdistinguishedintheBerlinworld，Ramler，Busching，Sulzer，PrimeMinisterHerzberg，Queen’sandKing’sEquerries，andhonorablemenandwomen，——borehim"onangel—wings"towardscompleterecovery。Talkedtohim，sanganddancedtohim（atleast，the"Muses"andthefemaleMeckelsdancedandsang），andalllappedhimagainsteatingcares，till，aftertwelveweeks，hewasfairlyonhisfeetagain，andabletomakejauntsintheneighborhoodwithhis"life’ssavior，"andenjoythepleasantAutumnweathertohisfartherprofit。——Allthis，thoughdescribedinridiculoussuperlativebyZimmermann，isreallytouching，beautifulandhuman:perhapsneverinhislifewashesohappy，orathousandthpartsohelpedbyman，aswhileundertheroofofthisthrice—usefulMeckel，——morepowertoMeckel！
　　HeadArmy—SurgeonSchmuckerhadgonethroughalltheSeven—YearsWar；Zimmermann，anardentHero—worshipper，wasneverwearyquestioninghim，listeningtohiminfullcareerofnarrative，onthisgreatsubject，——onlyeightyearsoldatthattime。Amongtheircountrydrives，MeckeltookhimtoPotsdam，twentyEnglishmilesoff；intheendofOctober，theretostayanight。Thiswastheever—memorableFriday，whenwefirstascendedtheHillofSans—
　　Souci，andhadoureveningwalkofcontemplation:——tobefollowedbyamorrowwhichwastentimesmorememorable:asreadersshallnowsee。[Jordens，Lexikon（§Zimmermann），v。632—658（exactandeveneloquentaccount，astheseofJordens，unexpectedly，oftenare）；Zimmermannhimself，UNTERREDUNGENMIT
　　FRIEDRICHDEMGROSSEN（ubiinfra）；Tissot，ViedeM。
　　Zimmermann（Lausanne，1797）:&c。&c。]
　　NEXTDAY，ZIMMERMANNHASADIALOGUE。Schmuckerhadhisapartmentsin"LITTLESANS—SOUCI，"wheretheKingnowlived（BigSans—Souci，or"Sans—Souci"byitself，meansinthosedays，notinoursatall，"NewPalace，NEUEPALAIS，"nowinallitssplendoroffreshfinish）。DeCatt，Friedrich’sReader，whomweknowwell，wasaGenevese，andknewZimmermannfromofold。SchmuckerandDeCattwereprivatelytwitchingupFriedrich’scuriosity，——towhomalsoZimmermann’sname，andperhapshislatesurgicaloperation，mightbeknown:"CanhespeakFrench？"——"Nativetohim，yourMajesty。"
　　FriedrichhadsomenotiontoseeZimmermann；andjudiciousDeCatt，onthisfortunateSaturday，"26thOctober，1771，"morrowafterZimmermann’sarrivalatPotsdam，"cametoourinnabout，1P。M。
　　[King’sdinnerjustdone]；andaskedmetocomeandlookatthebeautiesofSans—Souci[BigSans—Souci]foralittle。"
　　Zimmermannwillinglywent:Catt，lefthimingoodhandstoseethebeauties；sliptoff，forhisownpart，to"LITTLESans—Souci；"cameback，tookZimmermannthither；left，himwithSchmucker，alltrembling，thinkingperhapstheKingmightcallhim。"Itrembledsometimes，thenagainIfeltexceedinghappiness:"IwasinSchmucker’sroom，sittingbythefire，mostlyaloneforagoodwhile，"theroomthathadoncebeenMarquisd’Argens’s"（whoisnowdead，andburiedfaraway，goodoldsoul）；——when，atlast，abouthalf—past4，Cattcamejumpingin，breathlesswithjoy；snatchedmeup:"HisMajestywantstospeakwithyouthisverymoment！"
　　Zimmermann’sselfshallsaytherest。
　　"Ihurried，hand—in—handwithCatt，alongarowofChambers。
　　’Here，’saidCatt，’wearenowattheKing’sroom！’——Myheartthumped，liketospringoutofmybody。Cattwentin；butnextmomentthedooragainopened，andCattbademeenter。
　　"Inthemiddleoftheroomstoodanironcamp—bedwithoutcurtains。
　　There，onawornmattress，layKingFriedrich，theterrorofEurope，withoutcoverlet，inanoldblueroquelaure。Hehadabigcocked—hat，withawhitefeather[hataged，wornsoftasduffel，equaltomostcaps；"feather"isnotperpendicular，buthorizontal，roundtheinsideofthebrim]，onhishead。
　　"TheKingtookoffhishatverygraciously，whenIwasperhapstenstepsfromhim；andsaidinFrench（ourwholeDialogueproceededinFrench）:’Comenearer，M。Zimmermann。’
　　"IadvancedtowithintwostepsoftheKing；hesaidinthemeanwhiletoCatt:’CallSchmuckerin，too。’HerrSchmuckercame；
　　placedhimselfbehindtheKing，hisbacktothewall；andCattstoodbehindme。NowtheColloquybegan。
　　KING。"’IhearyouhavefoundyourhealthagaininBerlin；Iwishyoujoyofthat。’
　　EGO。"’IhavefoundmylifeagaininBerlin；butatthismoment，Sire，Ifindhereastillgreaterhappiness！’[ACH！]
　　KING。"’Youhavestoodacrueloperation:youmusthavesufferedhorribly？’
　　EGO。"’Sire，itwaswellworthwhile。’
　　KING。"’Did，youletthembindyoubeforetheoperation？’
　　EGO。"’No:Iresolvedtokeepmyfreedom。’
　　KING（laughinginaverykindmanner）。"’Oh，youbehavedlikeabraveSwitzer！Butareyouquiterecovered，though？’
　　EGO。"’Sire，IhaveseenallthewondersofyourcreationinSans—
　　Souci，andfeelwellinlookingatthem。’
　　KING。"’Iamgladofthat。Butyoumusthaveacare，andespeciallynotgetonhorseback。’
　　EGO。"’ItwillbepleasantandeasyformetofollowthecounselsofyourMajesty。’
　　KING。"’FromwhatTownintheCantonofBernareyouoriginally？’
　　EGO。"’FromBrugg。’
　　KING。"’Idon’tknowthatTown。’[Nowonder，thoughtI！]
　　KING。"’Wheredidyoustudy？’
　　EGO。"’AtGottingen:Hallerwasmyteacher。’
　　KING。"’WhatisM。Hallerdoingnow？’
　　EGO。"’Heisconcludinghisliterarycareerwitharomance。’
　　[USONGhadjustcomeout；——nomortalnowreadsawordofit；
　　andthegreatHallerisdreadfullyforgottenalready！]
　　KING。"’Ah，thatispretty！——Onwhatsystemdoyoutreatyourpatients？’
　　EGO。"’Notonanysystem。’
　　KING。"’ButtherearesomePhysicianswhosemethodsyouprefertothoseofothers？’
　　EGO。"’IespeciallylikeTissot’smethods，whoisafamiliarfriendofmine。’
　　KING。"’IknowM。Tissot。Ihavereadhiswritings，andvaluethemverymuch。Onthewhole，IlovetheArtofMedicine。MyFatherwishedmetogetsomeknowledgeinit。HeoftensentmeintotheHospitals；andevenintothoseforvenerealpatients，withaviewofwarningbyexample。’
　　EGO。"’Andbyterribleexample！——Sire，MedicineisaverydifficultArt。ButyourMajestyisusedtobringallArtsundersubjectiontotheforceofyourgenius，andtoconquerallthatisdifficult。’
　　KING。"’Alas，no:Icannotconquerallthatisdifficult！’
　　[Hard—mouthedKaunitz，forexample；stock—still，withhisrightearturnedonTurkey:howgetKaunitzintostep！]——HeretheKingbecamereflective；wassilentforalittlemoment，andthenaskedme，withamostbrightsmile:’Howmanychurchyardshaveyoufilled？’
　　[AcommonquestionofhistoMembersoftheFaculty。]
　　EGO。"’Perhaps，inmyyouth，Ihavedonealittlethatway！Butnowitgoesbetter；forIamtimidratherthanbold。’
　　KING。"’Verygood，verygood。’
　　"OurDialoguenowbecameextremelybrisk。TheKingquickenedintoextraordinaryvivacity；andexaminedmenowinthecharacterofDoctor，withsuchastringencyas，intheyear1751，atGottingen，whenIstoodformyDegree，thelearnedProfessorsHaller，Richter，SegnerandBrendel（forwhichHeavenrecompensethem！）neverdreamedof！Allinflammatoryfevers，andthemostimportantoftheslowdiseases，theKingmusteredwithme，intheirorder。Heaskedme，HowandwherebyIrecognizedeachofthesediseases；howandwherebydistinguishedthemfromtheapproximatemaladies；whatmyprocedurewasinsimpleandincomplicatedcases；andhowIcuredallthosedisorders？Onthevarieties，theaccidents，themodeoftreatment，ofsmall—poxespecially，theKinginquiredwithpeculiarstrictness；——andspoke，withmuchemotion，ofthatyoungPrinceofhisHousewhowascarriedoff，someyearsago，bythatdisorder——
　　[suddenlyarrestedbyit，whileonmarchwithhisregiment，"nearRuppin，26thMay，1767。"ThisisthePrinceHenri，juniorBrotherofthesubsequentKing，FriedrichWilhelmII。，who，amongotherfooleries，invadedFrance，in1792，withsuchsuccess。BothHenriandhe，asboys，usedtobefamiliartousinthefinalwintersofthelateWar。PoorHenrihaddiedattheageofnineteen，——asyetallbrightness，amiabilityandnothingelse:FriedrichsentanELOGEofhimtohisACADEMIE，[InOEuvresdeFrederic，vii。37etseq。]whichistouchinglyandstrangelyfilledwithauthenticsorrowforthisyoungNephewofhis，butotherwiseempty，——amerebottleofsighsandtears]。ThenhecameuponInoculation；wentalongoveranincrediblemultitudeofothermedicalsubjects。Intoallhethrewmasterlyglances；spokeofallwiththesoundest[allinsuperlative]knowledgeofthematter，andwithnolesspenetrationthanlivelinessandsense。
　　"Withheartfeltsatisfaction，andwiththefreestsoul，ImademyanswerstohisMajesty。Itistrue，hepotentlysupportedandencouragedme。EverandanonhisMajestywassayingtome:’Thatisverygood；——thatisexcellentlythoughtandexpressed；——yourmodeofproceeding，altogether，pleasesmeverywell；——Irejoicetoseehowmuchourwaysofthinkingcorrespond。’Often，too，hehadthegraciousnesstoadd:’But，Iwearyyouwithmymanyquestions！’
　　HisscientificquestionsIansweredwithsimplicity，clearnessandbrevity；andcouldnotforbearsometimesexpressingmyastonishmentatthedeepandconclusive（TIEFENUNDFRAPPANTEN）medicalinsightsandjudgmentsoftheKing。
　　"HisMajestycamenowuponthehistoryofhisownmaladies。Hetoldmethemover，intheirseries；andaskedmyopinionandadviceabouteach。OntheHAEMORRHOIDS，whichhegreatlycomplainedof，I
　　saidsomethingthatstruckhim。Instantlyhestartedupinhisbed；
　　turnedhisheadroundtowardsthewall，andsaid:’Schmucker，writemethatdown！’Istartedinfrightatthisword；andnotwithoutreason！ThenourColloquyproceeded:——
　　KING。"’TheGoutlikestotakeuphisquarterswithme；heknowsI
　　amaPrince，andthinksIshallfeedhimwell。ButIfeedhimill；
　　Iliveverymeagrely。’
　　EGO。"’MayGout，therebygetdisgusted，andforbearevercallingonyourMajesty！’
　　KING。"’Iamgrownold。Diseaseswillnolongerhavepityonme。’
　　EGO。"’EuropefeelsthatyourMajestyisnotold；andyourMajesty’slook（PHYSIOGNOMIE）showsthatyouhavestillthesameforceasinyourthirtiethyear。’
　　KING（laughingandshakinghishead）。"’Well，well，well！’
　　"Inthisway，foranhourandquarter，withuninterruptedvivacity，theDialoguewenton。AtlasttheKinggavemethesigntogo；
　　liftinghishatverykindly，andsaying:’Adieu，mydearM。Zimmermann；Iamverygladtohaveseenyou。’"
　　Towards6P。M。now，andFriedrichmustsignhisDespatches；
　　havehisConcert，havehisreading；thentosupper（asspectatoronly），——withQuintusIciliusandoldLordMarischal，to—night，orwhom？[OfIcilius，andaquarrelandestrangementtherehadlatelybeen，nowhappilyreconciled，seeNicolai，Anekdoten，vi。140—142。]
　　"HerrvonCattaccompaniedmeintotheanteroom，andSchmuckerfollowed。Icouldnotstirfromthespot；couldnotspeak，wassocharmedandsotouched，thatIbrokeintoastreamoftears[beingveryweakofnervesatthetime！]。HerrvonCattsaid:’IamnowgoingbacktotheKing；goyouintotheroomwhereItookyouup；
　　abouteightIwillconductyouhome。’Ipressedmyexcellentcountryman’shand，I"——"Schmuckersaid，IhadstoodtoonearhisMajesty；Ihadspokentoofrankly，withtoomuchvivacity；
　　nay，whatwasunheardofintheworld，Ihad’gesticulated’beforehisMajesty！’InpresenceofaKing，’saidHerrSchmucker，’onemuststandstiffandnotstir。’DeCattcamebacktousateight；
　　and，inSchmucker’spresence[lethimchewthecudofthat！]，reportedthefollowinglittleDialoguewiththeKing:——
　　KING。"’WhatsaysZimmermann？’
　　DECATT。"’Zimmermann，atthedoorofyourMajesty’sroom，burstintoastreamoftears。’
　　KING。"’Ilovethosetenderaffectionatehearts；IloverightwellthosebraveSwisspeople！’
　　"NextmorningtheKingwasheardtosay:’IhavefoundZimmermannquitewhatyoudescribedhim。’——Cattassuredmefurthermore，’SincetheSeven—YearsWartherehadthousandsofstrangers，personsofrank，cometoPotsdam，wishingtospeakwiththeKing，andhadnotattainedthatfavor；andofthosewhohad，therecouldnotoneindividualboastthathisMajestyhadtalkedwithhimanhourandquarteratonce。’[Fourteenyearshence，hedismissedMirabeauinhalfanhour；whichwasitselfagoodallowance。]
　　"Sunday27th，IleftPotsdam，withmykindMeckels，inanenthusiasmofadmiration，astonishment，loveandgratitude；
　　wrotetotheKingfromBerlin，senthimaTissot’sBook（markedonthemarginsforMajesty’suse），whichheacknowledgedbysomewordtoCatt:whereuponI"——Inshort，IgothometoHanover，inamoreorlessseraphiccondition，——"withindescribable，unspeakable，"
　　whatnot，——earlyinNovember；and，asahealedman，nevermoretroubledwiththatdisorder，thoughstilltroubledwithmanyandmany，endeavoredtogetalittleworkoutofmyselfagain。
　　[Zimmermann，MeineUnterredungen（Dialogues）
　　withFriedrichtheGreat（8vo，Leipzig，1788），pp。305—326。]
　　"Zimmermannwastall，handsomeofshape；hisexteriorwasdistinguishedandimposing，"saysJordens。[Ubisupra，p。643。]
　　"Hehadafirmandlightstep；stoodgracefully；presentedhimselfwell。Hehadafinehead；hisvoicewasagreeable；andintellectsparkledinhiseyes:"——haditnotbeenforthosedreadfulhypochondrias，andconfuseddisasters，averyprettyman。AtthetimeofthisfirstvisittoFriedrichheis43yearsofage，andFriedrichisonthebordersof60。Zimmermann，withstillmorefamousDIALOGUES，willreappearonusfromHanover，onasadoccasion！Meanwhile，fewweeksafterhim，hereisaVisitoffarmorejoyfulkind。
　　SISTERULRIQUE，QUEEN—DOWAGEROFSWEDEN，REVISITSHER
　　NATIVEPLACE（December，1771—August，1772）。
　　PrinceHenriwashardlyhomefromPetersburgandtheSwedishVisit，whenpoorAdolfFriedrich，KingofSweden，died。[12thFebruary，1771。]AverygreatandsadeventtohisQueen，whohadlovedheroldman；andisnowleftsolitary，eclipsed，incircumstancesgreatlyalteredonthesudden。Inregardtosettlements，AccessionofthenewPrince，dowagerrevenuesandthelike，allwentrightenough；whichwassomealleviation，thoughaninconsiderable，tothesorrowingWidow。HertwoPrinceswereabsent，touringoverEurope，whentheirFatherdied，andtheelderofthem，KarlGustav，suddenlysawhimselfKing。Theywereinnobreathlesshastetoreturn；visitedtheirUncle，theirPrussiankindred，ontheway，andhadaninterestingweekatPotsdamandBerlin；[April22d—
　　29th:Rodenbeck，iii。45。]KarlGustavflyingdiligentlyabout，stillincognito，as"GrafvonGothland，"——aspiritedyoungfellow，perhapstoospirited；——anddidnotreachhometillMay—daywascome，andtheoutburstoftheSwedishSummerathand。
　　SomethinktheyoungKinghadalreadysomethingdangerousandseriousinview，andwishedhisMotheroutofthewayforatime。
　　CertainitisshedecidedonavisittohernativeCountryinDecemberfollowing:arrivedaccordingly，December2d，1771；
　　andtillthemiddleofAugustnextwasashiningphenomenonintheRoyalHouseandupperranksofBerlinSociety，andatouchingandinterestingonetothebusyFriedrichhimself，asmaybesupposed。
　　ShehadherownApartmentsandHouseholdatBerlin，inthePalacethere，Ithink；butwentmuchvisitingabout，andreceivingmanyvisits，——fondespeciallyofliterarypeople。
　　Friedrich’snoticesofherarefrequentinhisLettersofthetime，allaffectionate，naturalandreasonable。HerearethefirsttwoI
　　meetwith:TOTHEELECTRESSOFSAXONY（threeweeksafterUlrique’sarrival）；"Athousandexcuses，Madam，fornotansweringsooner！
　　WhatwillpleadformewithaPrincesswhosowellknowsthedutiesoffriendship，is，thatIhavebeenoccupiedwiththereceptionofaSister，whohascometoseekconsolationinthebosomofherkindredforthelossofalovedHusband，theremembranceofwhomsaddensandafflictsher。"Andagain，twomonthslater:"……YourRoyalHighnessdeignstotakesoobliginganinterestinthevisitIhavehad[andstillhave]fromtheQueenofSweden。Ibeheldherasifraisedfromthedeadtome；foranabsenceofeight—and—
　　twentyyears，intheshortspaceofourduration，isalmostequivalenttodeath。Shearrivedamongus，stillingreatafflictionforthelossshehadhadoftheKing；andItriedtodistracthersadthoughtsbyallthedissipationspossible。Itisonlybydintofsuchthatonecompelsthemindtoshiftawayfromthefatalideawheregriefhasfixedit:thisisnottheworkofaday，butoftime，whichintheendsucceedsineverything。
　　IcongratulateyourRoyalHighnessonyourJourneytoBavaria[onasomewhatsimilarerrand，wemaypolitelysay]；whereyouwillfindyourselfinthebosomofaFamilythatadoresyou:"afterwhich，andthesightofoldscenes，howpleasanttogoontoItaly，asyoupropose！[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxiv。230，235。"24thDecember1771，""February，1772。"Seealso，
　　"EptirealaReineDouairieredeSuede"（PoemontheTroublesshehashad:OEuvresdeFrederic，
　　xiii。74，"writteninDecember，1770"），and"VersalaReinedeSuede，""January，1771"（ib。79）。]
　　QueenUlrique——asolidandingenuouscharacter（inchildhoodafavoriteofherFather’s，sorational，truthfulandofsilentstaidways）——appearstohavebeenpopularintheBerlincircles；
　　pleasantandpleased，duringtheseeightmonths。Formey，especiallyThiebault，arecopiousonthisVisitofhers；andgiveanumberofinsipidAnecdotes；HowtherewassolemnSessionoftheAcademymadeforher，aPaperoftheKing’stobereadthere，["DISCOURSDE
　　L’UTILITEDESSCIENCESETDESARTSDAMUNETAT"（in
　　OEuvresdeFrederic，ix。169etseq。）:read"27thJanuary，1772。"Formey，ii。16，&c。&c。]——readingbeautifullydonebyme，Thiebault（oneofmymainfunctions，thisofreadingtheKing’sAcademyPapers，andmydatesofTHEMalwayscorrect）；
　　howThiebaultwasinvitedtodinnerinconsequence，andagaininvited；howFormeydinedwithherMajesty"twenty—fivetimes；"
　　and"preachedtoherinthePalace，August19th"（shouldbeAugust9th）:insipidwholly，vapidandstupid；descriptiveofnothing，exceptofthevapiditiesandvanitiesofcertainpersons。
　　Leavingthese，wewilltakeanExcerpt，probablyourlast，fromauthenticBusching，whichisatleasttobedependedonforperfectaccuracy，andhasafeatureortwoofportraiture。
　　Busching，forthelastfiveorsixyears，ishomefromRussia；
　　comfortablyestablishedhereasConsistorialrath，muchconcernedwithSchool—Superintendence；stillmorewithGEOGRAPHY，withcopiousruggedLiteratureoftheundigestedkind:amanwellseeninsociety；has"sixfamiliesofrankwhichinvitehimtodinner；"
　　allthediningheisequalto，withsomuchundigestedwritingonhishands。Busching，inhisfinalSection，headedBERLINLIFE，Sectionmoreinconditeeventhanitsforegoers，hasthispassage:——
　　"OntheQueen—DowagerofSweden，LouiseUlrique’s，comingtoBerlin，Ifeltnotalittleembarrassed。Thecasewasthis:
　　MostpartoftheSIXTHVOLUMEofmyMAGAZINE[meritoriouscuriousBook，sometimesquotedbyushere，notyetknowninEnglishLibraries]wasprinted；andinit，intheprintedpart，werevariousthingsthatconcernedthedeceasedSovereign，KingAdolfFriedrich，andhisSpouse[nowcometovisitus]，——andamongthesewereArticleswhichthethenrulingpartyinSwedencouldcertainlynotlike。AndnowIwasafraidthesepeoplewouldcomeuponthefalsenotion，thatitwasfromtheQueen—DowagerIhadgottheArticlesinquestion；——notionaltogetherfalse，astheyhadbeenfurnishedmebyBaronKorf[wellknowntoHordtandothersofus，atPetersburg，intheCzar—Petertime]，nowRussianMinisteratCopenhagen。However，whenDukeFriedrichofBrunswick[oneofthejuniors，soldieringherewithhisUncle，astheyalmostallare]
　　wrotetome，oneday，ThathisLadyAunttheQueenofSwedeninvitedmetodinewithherto—morrow，andthathe，theDuke，wouldintroduceme，——IatoncedecidedtolaymyembarrassmentbeforetheQueenherself。
　　"Nextday，whenIwaspresentedtoherMajesty，shetookmebythehand，andledmetoawindow[aswashercustomwithguestswhomshejudgedtobeworthquestioningandtalkingto]，andsoplacedherselfinacornertherethatIcametostandclosebeforeher；
　　whenshedidmethehonortoaskagreatmanyquestionsaboutRussia，theImperialCourtespecially，andmostofalltheGrand—
　　Duke[CzarPaulthatistobe，——akindofkinsmanhe，hispoorFatherwasmylateHusband’sCousin—german，asperhapsyouknow]。
　　Agreatdealoftimewasspentinthisway；sothatthePrincesandPrincesses，punctualtoinvitation，hadtowaitabovehalfanhourlong；andtheQueenwasmorethanonceinformedthatdinnerwasonthetableandgettingcold。Icouldgetnothingofmyownmentionedhere；allIcoulddowastodrawback，inapoliteway，sosoonastheQueenwouldpermit:andafterwards，attable，toexplainwithbrevitymyconcernaboutwhatwasprintedintheMAGAZINE；
　　andrequesttheQueentopermitmetosendithertoreadforherself。Shehadit，accordingly，thatsameafternoon。
　　"Afewdaysafter，sheinvitedmeagain；againspokewithmealongwhileinthewindowembrasure，inalowtoneofvoice:confirmedtomeallthatshehadread，——andinparticular，minutelyexplainedthatLETTEROFTHEKING[oneofmyPieces]inwhichherelateswhatpassedbetweenhimandCountTessin[Son’sTutor]intheQueen’sApartment。Attable，sheverysoontookoccasiontosay:’IcannotimaginetomyselfhowtheHerrConsistorialrath[Busching，towit]
　　hascomeuponthatLetterofmydeceasedLordtheKingofSweden’s；
　　whichhisMajestydidwrite，andwhichisnowprintedinyourMAGAZINE。Forcertain，theKingshowedittonobody。’
　　WhereuponBUSCHING:’Certainly；noristhattobeimagined，yourMajesty。Butthepersonitwasaddressedtomusthaveshownit；
　　andsoacopyofithascometomyhands。’Queenstillexpressesherwonder；whereuponagain，Busching，withacourageouscandor:
　　’YourMajesty，mostgraciouslypermitmetosay，thathithertoallSwedishsecretsofCourtorStatehavebeenprocurableformoneyandgoodwords！’TheQueen，towhomIsatdirectlyopposite，castdownhereyesatthesewordsandsmiled；——andtheReichsrathGrafvonSchwerin[aSwedishGentlemanofhers]，whosatatmyleft，seizedmebythehand，andsaid:’Alas，thatistrue！’"——Hereisadifficultygotover；MagazineNumbercancomeoutwhenitwill。Asitdid，"nextEaster—Fair，"withproperindicationsandtacitproofsthattheSwedishpartofitlayprintedseveralmonthsbeforetheQueen’sarrivalinourneighborhood。
　　BuschingdinedwithherMajestyseveraltimes，——"eatingnothing，"
　　heiscarefultomentionandwascarefultoshowherMajesty，"except，verygradually，asmallbitofbreadsoakedinaglassofwine！"——meaningthereby，"Note，yegreatones，itisnotforyourdainties；infact，itisoutofloyalpolitenessmainly！"thegloomilyhumbleman。
　　"Onetime，theQueenaskedme，inpresenceofvariousPrincesandPrincessesoftheRoyalHouse:’DoyouthinkitadvisabletoenlightentheLowerClassesbyeducation？’TowhichIanswered:
　　’ConsideringonlyunderwhatheavyloadsamanoftheLowerClasses，especiallyofthePeasantsort，hastostrugglethroughhislife，onewouldthinkitwasbetterneithertoincreasehisknowledgenorrefinehissensibility。Butwhenonereflectsthathe，aswellasthoseoftheHigherClasses，istolastthroughEternity；andwithalthatgoodinstructionmay[ormight，IFitbenotBAD]increasehispracticalintelligence，andhelphimtomethodsofalleviatinghimselfinthisworld，itmustbethoughtadvisabletogivehimusefulenlightenment。’TheQueenaccordedwiththisviewofthematter。
　　"TwiceIdinedwithherMajestyatherSister，PrincessAmelia，theAbbessofQuedlinburg’s:——andthesecondtime[musthavebeenSummer，1772]，ProfessorSulzer，whowasalsoaguest，caughthisdeaththere。WhenIenteredthereception—room，Sulzerwasstandinginthemiddleofathorough—draught，whichtheyhadmanagedtohavethere，onaccountofthegreatheat；andhehadjustarrived，allinaperspiration，fromtheThiergarten:Icalledhimoutofthedraught，butitwastoolate。"[Busching:Beitrage，vi。578—582。]ACH，MEINLIEBERSULZER，——Alas，dearSulzer:
　　seriouslythistime！
　　BuschinghasagreatdealtosayaboutSchools，aboutthe"SchoolCommission1765，"thesubjectstaught，themethodsofteachingdevisedbyBuschingandothers，andtheKing’scontinualexertions，underdeficientfunds，inthisprovinceofhisaffairs。
　　Buschinghadunheard—ofdifficultytorebuildtheoldGymnasiumatBerlinintoanew。Triedeverybody；triedtheKingthriceover，butnobodywould。"OneofthepersonsIappliedtowasLieutenant—
　　GeneralvonRamin，GovernorofBerlin[surliestofmankind，ofwhosetruculentincivilitytheregomanyanecdotes]；toRaminI
　　wrote，entreatingthathewouldtakeagoodopportunityandsuggestanewTownSchoolhousetohisMajesty:’Excellenz，itwillrenderyouimmortalintheannalsofBerlin！’TowhichRaminmadeanswer:
　　’ThatisanimmortalityImustrenouncethehopeof，andleavetotheTown—Syndicsandyourself。I，formyownpart，willbynomeansrisksuchaproposaltohisMajesty；whichhewould，inalllikelihood，answerinthenegative，andreceiveillatanybody’shands。’"[Ib。vi。568。]Bysubscriptions，bybequests，donationsandtheprivatepietyofindividuals，Buschingaidingandstirring，thethingwasatlastgotdone。HereisanotherglanceintoSchool—
　　life:notfromBusching:——
　　JUNE9th，1771。"ThisYeartheStandeoftheKurmarkfindtheyhaveanoverplusof100，000thalers（15，000pounds）；whichsumtheydothemselvesthepleasureofpresentingtotheKingforhisMajesty’suses。"Kingcannotacceptitforhisownuses。"Thismoney，"
　　answershe（9thJune），"comesfromtheProvince，whereforeIfeelboundtolayitoutagainforadvantageoftheProvince。CouldnotitbecomeameansofgettingEnglishhusbandry[TURNIPSinparticular，whethershort—hornsornot，Idonotknow]introducedamongus？IntheTownsthatfollowFarmingchiefly，orinVillagesbelongingtounmoneyedNobles，wewilllendoutthis15，000pounds，at4percent，inconvenientsumsforthatobject:herebywillturnip—cultureandrotationbevouchsafedus；interestat4percentbringsusin600poundsannually；andthiswewilllayoutinestablishingnewSchoolmastersintheKurmark，andhavingtheyouthbettereducated。"Whataprettyidea；neatandbeautiful，killingtwoimportantbirdswithonemostsmallstone！Ihaveknownenormouscannon—ballsandgraniteblocks，torrentaftertorrent，shotoutunderotherkindsofFinance—gunnery，thatwerenotonlylessrespectable，butthatwereabominabletomeincomparison。
　　Unluckily，noNobleswerefoundinclined；EnglishHusbandry["TURNIPSE"andtherestofit]hadtowaittheirtime。TheKingagainwrites:"NoNoblestobefound，sayyou？Well；putthe15，000
　　poundstointerestinthecommonway，——thattheSchoolmastersatleastmayhavesolacement:Iwilladd120thalers（18pounds）
　　apiece，thatwemayhaveachanceofgettingbetterSchoolmasters；
　　——sendmeListofthePlaceswheretheworstare。"Listwassent；
　　isstillextant；andonthemarginofit，inRoyalAutograph，thisremark:——
　　"ThePlacesarewellselected。ThebadSchoolmastersaremostlyTailors；andyoumustseewhethertheycannotbegotremovedtolittleTowns，andsettotailoringagain，orotherwisedisposedof，thatourSchoolsmightthesoonerriseintogoodcondition，whichisaninterestingthing。""EageralwaysourMasteristohavetheSchoolingofhisPeopleimprovedandeverywherediffused，"writes，someyearsafterwards，theexcellentZedlitz，officially"MinisterofPublicJustice，"butmuchandmeritoriouslyconcernedwithSchoolmattersaswell。TheKing’sideaswereofthebest，andZedlitzsometimeshadfinehopes；butthewantoffundswasalwaysgreat。
　　"In1779，"saysPreuss，"therecameasadblowtoZedlitz’shopes:
　　MinistervonBrenkenhof[deepinWest—Preussencanal—diggingsandexpenditures]havingsuggested，ThatinsteadofgettingPensions，theOldSoldiersshouldbeputtokeepingSchool。"Dobutfancyit；
　　pooroldfellows，littleversedinscholasticshitherto！
　　"Friedrich，inhispinch，graspedatthesmallhelp；wrotetotheWar—Department:’SendmeaListofInvalidswhoarefit[oratleastfittest]tobeSchoolmasters。’Andgotthereuponalistof74，andafterwards5more[79Invalidsinall]；War—Departmentadding，Thatbesidesthesescholasticsort，therewere741servingasBUDNER[Turnpike—keepers，inasort]，asForest—watchersandthelike；and3，443UNVERSORGT"（shiftingforthemselves，noprovisionmadeforthematall），——suchthecheck，bycoldarithmeticandinexorablefinance，uponthegenialcurrentofthesoul！——
　　TheTURNIPS，Ibelieve，gotgraduallyin；andBrandenburg，inourday，isamoreandmorebeautifullyfarmedCountry。NorweretheSchoolmastersunsuccessfulatallpoints；thoughIcannotreportacompleteeducationaltriumphonthoseextremelylimitedterms。
　　[Preuss，iii。115，113，&c。]
　　QueenUlriqueleft，Ithink，onthe9thofAugust，1772；thereissadfarewellinFriedrich’sLetternextdaytoPrincessSophieAlbertine，theQueen’sDaughter，subsequentlyAbbessofQuedlinburg:heisjustsettingoutonhisSilesianReviews；
　　"shall，toolikely，neverseeyourgoodMammaagain。"
　　["Potsdam，10thAugust，1772:"OEuvresdeFrederic，xxvii。ii。93。]PoorKing；BerlinCityissoundasleep，whileherushesthroughitonthiserrand，——"pastthePrincessAmelia’swindow，"inthedeadofnight；andtakestohummingtenderstrophestohertoo；whichgainanewmeaningbytheirdate。["AMA
　　SOEURAMELIE，ENPASSANT，LANUIT，SOUSSAFENETRE，POURALLEREN
　　SILESIE（AOUT1772）:"OEuvresdeFrederic，
　　xiii。77。]
　　Tendaysafterwards（19thAugust，1772），——QueenUlriquenotyethome，——herSon，thespiritedKingGustavIII。，atStockholmhadmadewhatinourdayiscalleda"strokeofstate，"——putathorninthesnoutofhismonsterofaSenate，namely:"Lessofpalaver，venalityandinsolence，fromyou，Sirs；we’restoretheConstitutionof1680，’andaresomethingofaKingagain！"
　　Donewithconsiderabledexterityandspirit；notonepersonkilledorhurt。Andsurelyitwasthemuzzling—upofagreatdealoffollyontheirside，——providedonlytherecamewisdomenoughfromGustavhimselfinstead。But，alas，theredidnot，therehardlycould。
　　HisUnclewasalarmed，andnotalittleangryforthemoment:
　　"YouhadtwoPartiestoreconcile；aworkoftime，ofpatientendeavor，continualandquiet；nogoodpossibletillthen。
　　Andinsteadofthat——！"Gustav，ashiningkindofman，showednowantofspirit，noworafterwards:butheleanttoomuchonFranceandbrokenreeds；——and，intheend，gotshotinthebackbyoneofthosebeautiful"Nobles"ofhis，andcametoabadconclusion，theyandhe。["16th—29thMarch，1792，"deathofGustavIII。bythatassassination:"13thMarch，1809，"hisSonGustavIV，hastogoonhistravels；"KarlXIII。，"achildlessUncle，succeedsforafewyears:afterwhom&c。]ScandinavianPolitics，thankHeaven，arenoneofourbusiness。
　　QueenUlriquewassparedallthesecatastrophes。ShehadalarmedherBrotherbyadangerousillness，suddenanddangerous，in1775；
　　whowriteswithgreatanxietyaboutit，toAnotherstillmoreanxious:[See"CorrespondencewithGustavIII。"（in
　　OEuvresdeFrederic，xxvii。ii。84，&c。）。]ofthisshegotwellagain；butitdidnotlastverylong。July16th，1782，shedied；——andthesadFriedrichhadtosay，Adieu。Alas，"musttheeldestofusmourn，then，bythegraveofthoseyounger！"
　　WILHELMINA’SDAUGHTER，ELIZABETHFREDERIKESOPHIE，DUCHESS
　　OFWURTEMBERG，APPEARSATFERNEY（September，1773）。
　　OfourdearWilhelmina’shighandunfortunateDaughterthereshouldbesomeBiography；andtherewillsurely，ifamanofsympathyandfacultypassthatway；butthereisnothitherto。Nothinghithertobutafewbaredates；bareandsternlysignificant，asonaTombstone；indicatingthatshehadaHistory，andthatitwasatragicone。Welcometoallofus，inthisstateofmatters，isthefollowingoneclearemergenceofherintothelightofday，andincompanysointerestingtoo！SevenyearsbeforeherdeathshehadgonetoLausanne（July，1773）toconsultTissot，arenownedPhysicianofthosedays。FromLausanne，aftertwomonths，shevisitedVoltaireatFerney。ReadthisLetterofVoltaire’s:——
　　TOELIZABETHFREDERIKESOPHIE，DUCHESSOFWURTEMBERG
　　（atLausanne）。
　　"FEENEY，10thJuly，1773。
　　"MADAM，——IaminformedthatyourmostSereneHighnesshasdeignedtorememberthatIwasintheworld。Itisverysadtobethere，withoutpayingyoumycourt。Ineverfeltsocruellythesadstatetowhicholdageandmaladieshavereducedme。
　　"Ineversawyouexceptasachild[1743，heragethen10]:butyouwerecertainlythebeautifulestchildinEurope。MayyoubethehappiestPrincess[alas！]，asyoudeservetobe！IwasattachedtoMadamtheMargravine[yourdearMother]withequaldevotednessandrespect；andIhadthehonortobeprettydeepinherconfidence，forsometimebeforethisworld，whichwasnotworthyofher，hadlostthatadorablePrincess。Youresembleher；——butdon’tresembleherin——feeblenessofhealth！Youareintheflowerofyourage[comingforty，Ishouldfear]:letsuchbrightflowerlosenothingofitssplendor；mayyourhappinessbeabletoequal[PUISSO
　　EGALER]yourbeauty；mayallyourdaysbeserene，andthesweetsoffriendshipaddanewcharmtothem！Thesearemywishes；theyareaslivelyasmyregretsatnotbeingatyourfeet。WhataconsolationitwouldbeformetospeakofyourlovingMother，andofallyouraugustrelatives！WhymustDestinysendyoutoLausanne[consultingDr。Tissotthere]，andhindermefromflyingthither！——
　　LetyourmostSereneHighnessdeigntoaccepttheprofoundrespectoftheoldmoribundPhilosopherofFerney。——V。"[OEuvresdeVoltaire，xcii。331。]
　　TheAnswerofthePrincess，orfartherCorrespondenceonthematter，isnotgiven；evidentonlythatbyandby，asVoltairehimselfwillinformus，shedidappearatFerney；——andacertainSwedishtourist，oneBjornstahl，whometherthere，enablesuseventogivethedate。Hereportsthisanecdote:——
　　"Atsupper，ontheeveningof7thSeptember，1773，thePrincesssatnexttoVoltaire，whoalwaysaddressedher’VOTREALTESSE。’AtlasttheDuchesssaidtohim，’TUESANONPAPA，JESUISTAFILLE，ETJE
　　VOUZETREAPPELEETAFILLE。’Voltairetookapencilfromhispocket，askedforacard，andwroteuponit:——
　　’Ah，lebeautitrequevoila！
　　Vousmedonnezlapremieredesplaces；
　　Quellefamillej’auraisla！
　　JeseraisleperedesGraces’
　　[OEuvresdeVoltaire，xviii。342。]
　　HegavethecardtothePrincess，whoembracedandkissedhimforit。"[Vehse，GeschichtederDeutschenHofe
　　（Hamburg，1853），xxv。252，253。]
　　VOLTAIRETOFRIEDRICH（afortnightafter）。
　　"FERNEY，22dSeptember，1773。
　　"ImusttellyouthatIhavefelt，intheselatedays，inspiteofallmypastcaprices，howmuchIamattachedtoyourMajestyandtoyourHouse。MadamtheDuchessofWurtemberghavinghad，likesomanyothers，theweaknesstobelievethathealthistobefoundatLausanne，andthatDr。Tissotgivesitifonepayhim，has，asyouknow，madethejourneytoLausanne；andI，whoammoreveritablyillthanshe，andthanallthePrincesseswhohavetakenTissotforanAEsculapius，hadnotthestrengthtoleavemyhome。MadamofWurtemberg，apprisedofallthefeelingsthatstillliveinmeforthememoryofMadamtheMargravineofBaireuthherMother，hasdeignedtovisitmyhermitage，andpasstwodayswithus。Ishouldhaverecognizedher，evenwithoutwarning；shehastheturnofherMother’sfacewithyoureyes。
　　"YouHero—peoplewhogoverntheworlddon’tallowyourselvestobesubduedbyfeelings；youhavethemallthesameaswe，butyoumaintainyourdecorum。Weotherpettymortalsyieldtoallourimpressions:Isetmyselftocry，inspeakingtoherofyouandofMadamthePrincessherMother；andshetoo，thoughsheisNieceofthefirstCaptaininEurope，couldnotrestrainhertears。
　　Itappearstome，thatshehasthetalent（ESPRIT）andthegracesofyourHouse；andthatespeciallysheismoreattachedtoyouthantoherHusband[Ishouldthinkso！]。Shereturns，Ibelieve，toBaireuth，——
　　——[NoMother，noFathertherenow:foolishUncleofAnspathdiedlongago，"3dAugust，1757:"AuntDowagerofAnspachgonetoErlangen，Ihope，toFeuchtwang，SchwabachorSchwaningen，orsomeWidow’s—Mansion"WITTWENSITZ"ofherown；[Lived，finallyatSchwaningen，insightofsuchvicissitudesandfolliesroundher，till"4thFebruary，1784"（Rodenbeck，iii。304）。]reigningSon，withhisFrench—Actressequipments，beingofquestionablefigure]，——
　　——"returns，Ibelieve，toBaireuth；whereshewillfindanotherPrincessofadifferentsort；ImeanMademoiselleClairon，whocultivatesNaturalHistory，andisLadyPhilosophertoMonseigneurtheMargraf，"——high—rougedTragedy—Queen，rathertyrannousuponhim，theysay:ayoungmandestinedtoadornHammersmithbyandby，andnotgoagoodroad……"IrenouncemybeautifulhopesofseeingtheMahometansdrivenoutofEurope，andAthensbecomeagaintheSeatoftheMuses。
　　NeitheryounortheKaiserare"——areinclinedintheCrusadingwayatall……"TheoldsickmanofFerneyisalwaysatthefeetofyourMajesty；hefeelsverysorrythathecannottalkofyoufartherwithMadamtheDuchessofWurtemberg，whoadoresyou。——
　　LEVIEUXMALADE。"[OEuvresdeVoltaire，
　　xcii。390。]
　　TowhichFriedrichmakesanswer:"Ifitisforevermoreforbiddenmetoseeyouagain，IamnotthelessgladthattheDuchessofWurtemberghasseenyou。Ishouldcertainlyhavemixedmytearswithyours，hadIbeenpresentatthattouchingscene！Beitweakness，beitexcessofregard，IhavebuiltforherlostMother，whatCiceroprojectedforhisTullia，aTEMPLEOFFRIENDSHIP:herStatueoccupiesthebackground，andoneachpillarstandsamask（MASCARON）containingtheBustofsomeHeroinFriendship:Isendyouthedrawingofit。"["Potsdam，24thOctober，1773:"
　　OEuvresdeFrederic，xxiii。259:——"Temple"wasbuiltin1768（Ib。p。259n。）。]WhichagainsetsVoltaireweeping，andwilltheDuchesswhensheseesit。[Voltaire’snextLetter:
　　OEuvresdeVoltaire，xcii。434。]
　　WesaidtherehithertowasnearlynothinganywherediscoverableasHistoryofthishighLadybutthedatesonly；thesewenowgive。
　　Shewas"born30thAugust，1732，"——herMother’sandFather’soneChild；——fouryearsolderthanherAnspachCousin，whoinheritedBaireuthtoo，andfinishedoffthatgenealogy。Shewas"wedded26thSeptember，1748；"heragethenabout16；hergloomyDukeofWurtemberg，age20，allsunshineandgoodnesstoherthen:shewas"divorcedin1757:""died6thApril，1780，"——Traditionsays，"ingreatpoverty[greatforherrank，Isuppose，proudasshemightbe，andabovecomplaining]，——atNeustadt—on—the—Aisch"（intheNurnbergregion），whithershehadretired，IknownothowlongafterherPapa’sdeathandCousin’saccession。SheisboundforherCousin’sCourt，weobserve，justnow；and，consideringherCousin’swaysandherownturnofmind，itiseasytofancyshehadnotapleasanttimethere。
　　Traditiontellsus，crediblyenough，"ShewasverylikeherMother:
　　beautiful，muchthelady（VONFEINEMTON），andofenergeticcharacter；"andadds，probablyonslightfoundation，"butverycoldandproudtowardsthepeople。"[Vehse，xxv。251。]ManyBookswillinformyouhow，"OnfirstenteringStuttgard，whenthereigningDukeandsheweremetbyapartyofcongratulatorypeasantwomendressedintheirnationalcostume，shesaidtoherDuke，"beingthenonlysixteen，pooryoungsoul，andonhermarriage—journey，"’WASWILLDASGESCHMEISS（Whydoesthatrabbleboreus）！’"Thisisprobablythemainfoundation。That"herLadies，onapproachingher，hadalwaystokissthehemofhergown，"layinthenatureofthecase，beingthentheruletopeopleofherrank。
　　BeautifulUnfortunate，adieu:——andbeVoltairethanked，too！——
　　ItislongsincewehaveseenVoltairebefore:——aprosperousLordatFerneythesedozenyears（"theonlymaninFrancethatliveslikeaGRANDSEIGNEUR，"saysCardinalBernistohimonce[TheirCORRESPONDENCE，reallyprettyofitskind，usedtocirculateasaseparateVolumeintheyearsthensubsequent。]）；doinggreatthingsforthePaysdeGexandforFrance，andforEurope；deliveringtheCalases，theSirvensandtheOppressedofvariouskinds；
　　especiallyardentupontheINFAME，astherealbusinessHeavenhasassignedhiminhisDay，thesunsetofwhich，andNightwhereinnomancanwork，hefeelstobehasteningon。"Couldn’twe，thefewFaithful，gotoCleveinabody？"thinksheatonetime:"ToCleve；
　　andthere，asfromasafeplace，underthePhilosopherKing，shootoutourfieryartillerieswitheffect？"ThePhilosopherKingisperfectlywilling，"providedyoudon’tinvolvemeinWarswithmyneighbors。"Willingenoughhe；buttheytheFaithful——alas，thePatriarchfindsthattheyhavenoneofhisownheroicardor，andthatthethingcannotbedone。Uponwhich，"struckwithsorrow，"
　　sayhisBiographers，"hewritesnothingtoFriedrichfortwoyears。"["Nov。1769，"recommences（OEuvresdeFrederic，xxiii。140。139）。]
　　Thetruthis，heisgrowingveryold；andthoughapiercingradiance，asofstars，burstsoccasionallyfromthecentralpartofhim，theoutworksaregettingdecayedanddim；obstructionmoreandmoreaccumulating，andtheimmeasurableNightdrawingnigh。
　　WelldoesVoltairehimself，atallmoments，knowthis；andhisbearingunderit，onemustsay，isratherbeautiful。Thereisatenderness，asadness，inthesehislaterLetterstoFriedrich；
　　insteadofemphasisorstrength，abeautifulshrillmelody，asofawoman，asofachild；hegrievesunappeasablytohavelostFriedrich；neverwillforgiveMaupertuis:——pooroldman！
　　Friedrichanswersinamuchlivelier，morerobusttone:friendly，encouraging，communicativeonsmallmatters；——fullofpraises，——infact，sincerelygladtohavesuchatranscendentgeniusstillalivewithhiminthisworld。PraisestothemostliberalpitcheverythingofVoltaire’s，——exceptonlytheArticleonWAR，whichoccasionally（asbelow）hequizzesalittle，tothePatriarchorhisDisciple。
　　Aswehaveroomfornothingofallthis，andperhapsshallnotseeVoltaireagain，——thereareTwoactualInterviewswithhim，which，beingwithalbyEnglishmen，thoughotherwisenotgoodformuch，weintendforreadershere。IntheselasttwentyyearsD’AlembertisFriedrich’schiefCorrespondent。OfD’AlemberttotheKing，itmaybeormaynot，someopportunitywillriseforaspecimen；meanwhilehereisashortLetteroftheKing’stoD’Alembert，throughwhichtherepasssomanythreadsofcontemporaneousflyingevents（swiftshuttlesontheloud—soundingLoomofTime），thatwearetemptedtogivethis，beforethetwoInterviewsinquestion。
　　DateoftheLetteristwomonthsafterthatapparitionoftheDuchessofWurtembergatFerney。Of"Crillon，"aningeniousenoughyoungSoldier，rushingardentlyabouttheworldinhisholidaytime，wehavenothingtosay，exceptthatheisSonofthatRossbachCrillon，whoalwaysfanciestohimselfthatonceheperhapssparedFriedrich’slife（byaglassofwinejudiciouslygiven）longsince，whiletheBridgeofWeissenfelswasonfire，andRossbachcloseahead。[Supra，x。6。]Colonel"Guibert"isanotherSoldier，stillyoung，butofmuchsuperiortype；greatlyanadmirerofFriedrich，andsubsequentlyaWriteruponhim。[OfGuibert’svisittoFriedrich（June，1773），seePreuss，iv。214；Rodenbeck，iii。80。]
　　Inregardtothe"LandgravineofDarmstadt，"noticethesepoints。
　　First，thathereldestDaughterisWife，secondWife，tothedissoluteCrown—PrinceofPrussia；andthen，thatshehasThreeotherDaughters，——oneofwhomhasjustbeendisposedofinanimportantway；weddedtotheCzarowitshPaulofRussia，namely。
　　ByFriedrich’smeansandmanagement，asFriedrichinformsus。
　　[OEuvresdeFrederic，（MEMOIRESDE1763
　　JUSQU’A1775），vi。57。]TheCzarina，hesays，hadsentoutaconfidentialGentleman，oneAsseburg，whowasPrussianbybirth，toseekafitWifeforherSon:Friedrich，hearingofthis，suggestedtoAsseburg，"TheLandgravineofDarmstadt，themostdistinguishedandaccomplishedofGermanPrincesses，hasthreemarriageableDaughters；hereldest，marriedtoourCrown—Prince，willbeQueenofPrussiaintimecoming；——supposenow，oneoftheothersweretobeCzarinaofRussiawithal？Think，mightitnotbeusefulbothtoyournativeCountryandtoyouradopted？"Asseburgtookthehint；
　　reportedatPetersburg，ThatofallmarriageablePrincessesinGermany，theThreeofDarmstadt，oneortheotherofthem，would，inhishumbleopinion，betheeligiblest。"CouldnotwepersuadeyoutocometoPetersburg，MadamLandgravine？"wrotetheCzarinathereupon:"Dousthehonorofavisit，yourthreePrincessesandyou！"TheLandgravineandDaughters，withdecentcelerity，gotunderway；[PassedthroughBerlin16th—19thMay，1773:Rodenbeck，iii。78。]CzarowitshPaultookinterestingsurvey，ontheirarrival；andabouttwomonthsagoweddedthemiddleoneofthethree:——andhereisthevictoriousLandgravinebringinghometheothertwo。Czarowitsh’sfaironedidnotlivelong，norbehavewell:diedofherfirstchild；andCzarowitsh，in1776，hadtoapplytousagainforaWife，whomthistimewefittedbetter。
　　Happily，thepoorvictoriousLandgravinewasgonebeforeanythingofthis；shediedsuddenlyfivemonthshence；[30thMarch，1774。]
　　nothingdoubtingofherRussianAdventure。ShewasanadmiredPrincessofhertime，DIEGROSSELANDGRAFIN，asGoethesomewherecallsher；muchinFriedrich’sesteem，——FEMINASEXU，INGENIOVIR，astheMonumentheraisedtoheratDarmstadtstillbears。
　　[OEuvresdeFrederic，xx。183n。
　　HisCORRESPONDENCEwithherisIb。xxviiii。135—153；andgoesfrom1757to1774。]
　　FRIEDRICHTOD’ALEMBERT。
　　"POTSDAM，16thDecember，1773。
　　"M。deCrillondeliveredmeyourCRILLONADE[lengthyLetterofintroduction]；whichhascompletedmeintheHistoryofalltheCrillonsoftheCountyofAvignon。Hedoesn’tstophere；heissoontobeoffforRussia；sothatIwilltakehimonyourword，andbelievehimthewisestofalltheCrillons:assuringmyselfthatyouhavemeasuredandcomputedallhiscurves，andanglesofincidence。HewillfindDiderotandGrimminRussia[famousvisitofDiderot]，alloccupiedwiththeCzarina’sbeautifulreceptionofthem，andwiththemanythingsworthyofadmirationwhichtheyhaveseenthere。SomesayGrimmwillpossiblyfixhimselfinthatCountry[chosebetter]，——whichwillbetheasylumatonceofyourfanaticCHAUMEIXESandoftheENCYCLOPEDISTES，whomheusedtodenounce。[ThispoorChaumeixdid，aftersuchfeats，"diepeaceablyatMoscow，asaSchoolmaster。"]
　　"M。deGuiberthasgonebyFerney；whereitissaidVoltairehasconvertedhim，thatis，hasmadehimrenouncetheerrorsofambition，abjurethefrightfultradeofhiredmanslayer，withintenttobecomeeitherCapuchinorPhilosophe；sothatIsupposebythistimehewillhavepublisheda’Declaration’likeGresset，informingthepublicThat，havinghadthemisfortunetowriteaWorkonTactics，herepenteditfromthebottomofhissoul，andherebyassuredmankindthatnevermoreinhislifewouldhegiverulesforbutcheries，assassinations，feints，stratagemsorthelikeabominations。Astome，myconversionnotbeingyetinanadvancedstage，IprayyoutogivemedetailsaboutGuibert’s，tosoftenmyheartandpenetratemybowels。
　　"WehavetheLandgravineofDarmstadthere:[Rodenbeck，iii。89，90。]noendtotheLandgravine’spraisesofamagnificentCzarina，andofallthebeautifulandgrandthingsshehasfoundedinthatCountry。Astous，wholivelikemiceintheirholes，newscometousonlyfrommouthtomouth，andthesenseofhearingisnothinglikethatofsight。Icherishmywishes，inthemeanwhile，forthesageAnaxagoras[myD’Alemberthimself]；andIsaytoUrania，’ItisfortheetosustainthyforemostApostle，tomaintainonelight，withoutwhichagreatKingdom[France]wouldsinkintodarkness；’
　　andIsaytotheSupremeDemiurgus:’HavealwaysthegoodD’Alembertinthyholyandworthykeeping。’——F。"[OEuvresdeFrederic，xxiv。614。]
　　THEBOSTONTEA（sameday）。Curioustoremark，whileFriedrichiswritingthisLetter，"THURSDAY，DECEMBER16th，1773，"whatacommotionisgoingon，faroverseas，atBoston，NewEngland，——inthe"OldSouthMeeting—house"there；inregardtothreeEnglishTeaShipsthatarelyingembargoedinGriffin’sWharfforaboveafortnightpast。Thecaseiswellknown，andstillmemorabletomankind。BritishParliament，afternineyearsofthesaddesthagglingandbafflingtoandfro，underConstitutionalstressofweather，andsucheast—windsandwest—windsofParliamentaryeloquenceasseldomwere，hasmadeupitsmind，ThatAmericashallpaydutyontheseTeasbeforeinfusingthem:andAmerica，Bostonmoreespecially，istacitlydeterminedthatitwillnot；andthat，toavoidmistakes，theseTeasshallneverbelandedatall。SuchisBoston’sprivateintention，moreorlessfixed；——tosaynothingofthePhiladelphias，Charlestons，NewYorks，whoarewatchingBoston，andwillfollowsuitofit。
　　"Sunday，November26th，——thatis，nineteendaysago，——thefirstoftheseTeaShips，theDARTMOUTH，CaptainHall，mooreditselfinGriffin’sWharf:OwnerandConsigneeisabroad—brimmedBostongentlemancalledRotch，moreattentivetoprofitsoftradethantothegroansofBoston:——butalreadyonthatSunday，muchmoreontheMondayfollowing，therehadameetingofCitizensruntogether，——
　　（onMonday，FaneuilHallwon’tholdthem，andtheyadjourntotheOldSouthMeeting—house），——whomakeitapparenttoRotchthatitwillmuchbehoovehim，forthesakebothofteaandskin，notto’enter’（orofficiallyannounce）thisShipDARTMOUTHattheCustom—
　　houseinanywise；buttopledgehisbroad—brimmedword，equivalenttohisoath，thatsheshallliedormantthereinGriffin’sWharf，tillwesee。Which，accordingly，shehasbeendoingeversince；
　　sheandtwoothersthatarrivedsomedayslater；dormantallthreeofthem，sidebyside，threecrewstotallyidle；a’CommitteeofTen’supervisingRotch’sprocedures；andtheBostonworldmuchexpectant。Thursday，December16th:thisisthe20thdaysinceRotch’sDARTMOUTHarrivedhere；ifnot’entered’atCustom—houseinthecourseofthisday，Custom—housecannotgivehera’clearance’
　　either（aleavetodepart），——shebecomesasmuggler，anoutlaw，andherfateismysterioustoRotchandus。
　　"ThisThursdayaccordingly，by10inthemorning，intheOldSouthMeeting—house，Bostonisassembled，andcountry—peopletothenumberof2，000；——andRotchneverwasinsuchacompanyofhumanFriendsbefore。Theyarenotunciviltohim（cautiouspeople，heedfulofthevergeoftheLaw）；buttheyareperemptory，totheextentof——Rotchmayshuddertothinkwhat。"IwenttotheCustom—
　　houseyesterday，’saidRotch，’yourCommitteeofTencanbearmewitness；anddemandedclearanceandleavetodepart；buttheywouldnot；wereforbidden，theysaid！’’Go，then，sir；getyoutotheGovernorhimself；aclearance，andoutofharborthisday:hadn’tyoubetter？’Rotchiswellawarethathehad；hastensofftotheGovernor（whohasvanishedtohisCountry—house，onpurpose）；
　　OldSouthMeeting—houseadjourningtill3P。M。，forRotch’sreturnwithclearance。
　　"At3noRotch，norat4，norat5；miscellaneousplangentintermittentspeechinstead，mostlyplangent，intonesorrowfulratherthanindignant:——ataquarterto6，hereatlengthisRotch；
　　sunislongsinceset，——hasRotchaclearanceornot？Rotchreportsatlarge，willingtobequestionedandcross—questioned:
　　’Governorabsolutelywouldnot！MyChristianfriends，whatcouldI
　　orcanIdo？’Therearebythistimeabout7，000peopleinOldSouthMeeting—house，veryfewtallow—lightsincomparison，——almostnolightsforthemindeither，——anditisdifficulttoanswer。
　　Rotch’sreportdone，theChairman[oneAdams，"AmericanCato，"
　　subsequentlysocalled]dissolvesthesorrowful7，000，withthesewords:’ThisMeetingdeclaresthatitcandonothingmoretosavetheCountry。’Willmerelygohome，then，andweep。Hark，however:
　　almostontheinstant，infrontofOldSouthMeeting—house，（aterrificWar—whoop；andaboutfiftyMohawkIndians，’——withwhomAdamsseemstobeacquainted；andspeakswithoutInterpreter:Aha？——
　　"And，sureenough，beforethestrokeof7，thesefiftypaintedMohawksareforward，withoutnoise，toGriffin’sWharf；haveputsentriesallroundthere；and，inagreatsilenceoftheneighborhood，arebusy，inthreegangs，uponthedormantTeaShips；
　　openingtheirchests，andpunctuallyshakingthemoutintothesea。
　　’Listeningfromthedistance，youcouldheardistinctlytherippingopenofthechests，andnoothersound。’About10P。M。allwasfinished:342chestsofteaflungouttoinfuseintheAtlantic；
　　thefiftyMohawksgonelikeadream；andBostonsleepingmoresilentlyeventhanusual。"["SummaryoftheAdvicesfromAmerica"
　　（inGentleman’sMagazinefor1774，pp。26，27）；Bancroft，iii。536etseq。]
　　"Sevenintheevening:"this，Icalculate，allowingfortheEarth’srotation，willbeaboutthetimewhenFriedrich，welltiredwiththeday’sbusiness，isgettingtobed；by10ontheBostonclocks，whentheprocessfinishesthere，Friedrichwillhavehadthebestofhissleepover。HereisMontcalm’sProphecycomingtofulfilment；——andacuriousintersectionofaflyingEventthroughone’spoorLETTERTOD’ALEMBERT。WewillnowgivethetwoEnglishInterviewswithVoltaire；oneofwhichisofthreeyearspast，anotherofthreeyearsahead。
　　No。1。DRBURNEYHASSIGHTOFVOLTAIRE（July，1770）。
　　Intheyears1770—1771，Burney，thenafamousDOCTOROFMUSIC，madehisTOURthroughFranceandItaly，onMusicalerrandsandresearches:[CharlesBurney’sPresentStateofMusicinFranceandItaly，beingtheJournalofaTourthroughthoseCountriestocollectMaterialsforaGeneralHistoryofMusic（London，1773）。TheHistoryofMusic
　　followedduly，inFour4tos（London，1776—1789）。]withthesewehavenoconcern，butonlywithonemostsmallexceptionaloffshootorepisodewhichgrewoutofthese。EnoughforustoknowthatBurney，acomfortable，well—disposed，ratherdullthoughvivaciousDoctor，agenear45，hadleftLondonforParis"inJune，1770；"
　　thathewasontoGeneva，intendingforTurin，"earlyinJuly；"
　　andthathis"M。Fritz，"mentionedbelow，isaveteranBrotherinMusic，settledatGenevaforthelastthirtyyears，whohasbeenhelpfulandagreeabletoBurneywhilehere。OurExcerptthereforedatesitself，"oneoftheearlydaysofJuly，1770，"——Burneyhoveringbetweentwoplans（asweshalldimlyperceive），andnotexactlyexecutingeither:——……"MygoingtoM。Fritzbroke[wasaboutbreaking，butdidnotquite]intoaplanwhichIhadformedofvisitingM。deVoltaire，atthesamehour，alongwithsomeotherstrangers，whowerethengoingtoFerney。But，tosaythetruth，besidesthevisittoM。FritzbeingmoreMYBUSINESS，Ididnotmuchlikegoingwiththesepeople，whohadonlyaGenevaBooksellertointroducethem；
　　andIhadheardthatsomeEnglishhadlatelymetwitharebufffromM。deVoltaire，bygoingwithoutanyletterofrecommendation，oranythingtorecommendthemselves。HeaskedthemWhattheywanted？
　　UpontheirreplyingThattheywishedonlytoseesoextraordinaryaman，hesaid:’Well，gentlemen，younowseeme:didyoutakemeforawildbeastormonster，thatwasfitonlytobestaredatasashow？’Thisstoryverymuchfrightenedme；for，nothaving，whenI
　　leftLondon，orevenParis，anyintentionofgoingtoGeneva，Iwasquiteunprovidedwitharecommendation。However，Iwasdeterminedtoseetheplaceofhisresidence，whichItooktobe[stillLES
　　DELICES]，CETTEMAISOND’ARISTIPPE，CESJARDINSD’PICURE，towhichheretiredin1755；butwasmistaken[notTheDELICESnowatall，butFerney，fornineortenyearsback]。
　　"IdrovetoFerneyalone，afterIhadleftM。Fritz。ThisHouseisthreeorfourmilesfromGeneva，butneartheLake。Iapproacheditwithreverence，andacuriosityofthemostminutekind。IinquiredWHENIfirsttrodonhisdomain；Ihadanintelligentandtalkativepostilion，whoansweredallmyquestionsverysatisfactorily。
　　M。deVoltaire’sestateisverylargehere，andheisbuildingprettyfarm—housesuponit。HehaserectedontheGenevasideaquadrangularJUSTICE，orGallows，toshowthatheistheSEIGNEUR。
　　Oneofhisfarms，orrathermanufacturinghouses，——forheisestablishingamanufactureuponhisestate，——wassohandsomethatI
　　thoughtitwashischateau。