Myfather,likeotherbotanists,hadasSirJosephHookerpointsout,experiencedthevalueofSteudel’swork。Heobtainedplantsfromallsortsofsources,whichwereoftenincorrectlynamed,andhefeltthenecessityofadheringtotheacceptednomenclature,sothathemightconveytootherworkerspreciseindicationsastotheplantswhichhehadstudied。Itwasalsofrequentlyamatterofimportancetohimtoknowthenativecountryofhisexperimentalplants。ThusitwasnaturalthatheshouldrecognizethedesirabilityofcompletingandpublishingtheinterleavedvolumeatKew。
ThewishtohelpinthisobjectwasheightenedbytheadmirationhefeltfortheresultsforwhichtheworldhastothanktheRoyalGardensatKew,andbyhisgratitudefortheinvaluableaidwhichforsomanyyearshereceivedfromitsDirectorandhisstaff。Heexpresslystatedthatitwashiswish"toaidinsomewaythescientificworkcarriedonattheRoyalGardens"(KewGardensReport,1881,page62。)——whichinducedhimtooffertosupplyfundsforthecompletionoftheKew’Nomenclator。’
Thefollowingpassage,forwhichIamindebtedtoProfessorJudd,isofmuchinterest,asillustratingthemotivesthatactuatedmyfatherinthismatter。ProfessorJuddwrites:——
"Ontheoccasionofmylastvisittohim,hetoldmethathisincomehavingrecentlygreatlyincreased,whilehiswantsremainedthesame,hewasmostanxioustodevotewhathecouldsparetotheadvancementofGeologyorBiology。Hedweltinthemosttouchingmanneronthefactthatheowedsomuchhappinessandfametothenatural—historysciences,whichhadbeenthesolaceofwhatmighthavebeenapainfulexistence;——andhebeggedme,ifI
knewofanyresearchwhichcouldbeaidedbyagrantofafewhundredsofpounds,tolethimknow,asitwouldbeadelighttohimtofeelthathewashelpinginpromotingtheprogressofscience。HeinformedmeatthesametimethathewasmakingthesamesuggestiontoSirJosephHookerandProfessorHuxleywithrespecttoBotanyandZoologyrespectively。Iwasmuchimpressedbytheearnestness,and,indeed,deepemotion,withwhichhespokeofhisindebtednesstoScience,andhisdesiretopromoteitsinterests。"
SirJosephHookerwasaskedbymyfather"totakeintoconsideration,withtheaidofthebotanicalstaffatKewandthelateMr。Bentham,theextentandscopeoftheproposedwork,andtosuggestthebestmeansofhavingitexecuted。Indoingthis,SirJosephhadfurthertheadvantageofthegreatknowledgeandexperienceofProfessorAsaGray,ofCambridge,U。S。A。,andofMr。JohnBall,F。R。S。"(’JournalofBotany,’loc。cit。)
Theplanoftheproposedworkhavingbeencarefullyconsidered,SirJosephHookerwasabletoconfideitselaborationindetailtoMr。B。DaydonJackson,SecretaryoftheLinneanSociety,whoseextensiveknowledgeofbotanicalliteraturequalifieshimforthetask。Myfather’soriginalideaofproducingamoderneditionofSteudel’s’Nomenclator’hasbeenpracticallyabandoned,theaimnowkeptinviewisrathertoconstructalistofgeneraandspecies(withreferences)foundedonBenthamandHooker’s’GeneraPlantarum。’ThecolossalnatureoftheworkinprogressatKewmaybeestimatedbythefactthatthemanuscriptofthe’Index’isatthepresenttime(1887)believedtoweighmorethanaton。UnderSirJosephHooker’ssupervisiontheworkgoessteadilyforward,beingcarriedoutwithadmirablezealbyMr。Jackson,whodevoteshimselfunsparinglytotheenterprise,inwhich,too,hehastheadvantageoftheactiveinterestintheworkfeltbyProfessorOliverandMr。ThiseltonDyer。
TheKew’Index,’whichwill,inallprobability,bereadytogotopressinfourorfiveyears,willbeafittingmemorialofmyfather:andhisshareinitscompletionillustratesapartofhischaracter——hisreadysympathywithworkoutsidehisownlinesofinvestigation——andhisrespectforminuteandpatientlabourinallbranchesofscience。]
CHAPTER2。XVI。
CONCLUSION。
Someideaofthegeneralcourseofmyfather’shealthmayhavebeengatheredfromthelettersgivenintheprecedingpages。ThesubjectofhealthappearsmoreprominentlythanisoftennecessaryinaBiography,becauseitwas,unfortunately,sorealanelementindeterminingtheoutwardformofhislife。
Duringthelasttenyearsofhislifetheconditionofhishealthwasacauseofsatisfactionandhopetohisfamily。Hisconditionshowedsignsofamendmentinseveralparticulars。Hesufferedlessdistressanddiscomfort,andwasabletoworkmoresteadily。SomethinghasbeenalreadysaidofDr。BenceJones’streatment,fromwhichmyfathercertainlyderivedbenefit。InlateryearshebecameapatientofSirAndrewClark,underwhosecareheimprovedgreatlyingeneralhealth。ItwasnotonlyforhisgenerouslyrenderedservicethatmyfatherfeltadebtofgratitudetowardsSirAndrewClark。Heowedtohischeeringpersonalinfluenceanoften—
repeatedencouragement,whichlaterallyaddedsomethingrealtohishappiness,andhefoundsincerepleasureinSirAndrew’sfriendshipandkindnesstowardshimselfandhischildren。
Scatteredthroughthepastpagesareoneortworeferencestopainoruneasinessfeltintheregionoftheheart。Howfartheseindicatethattheheartwasaffectedearlyinlife,Icannotpretendtosay;inanycaseitiscertainthathehadnoseriousorpermanenttroubleofthisnatureuntilshortlybeforehisdeath。Inspiteofthegeneralimprovementinhishealth,whichhasbeenabovealludedto,therewasacertainlossofphysicalvigouroccasionallyapparentduringthelastfewyearsofhislife。ThisisillustratedbyasentenceinalettertohisoldfriendSirJamesSulivan,writtenonJanuary10,1879:"Myscientificworktiresmemorethanitusedtodo,butIhavenothingelsetodo,andwhetheroneiswornoutayearortwosoonerorlatersignifiesbutlittle。"
AsimilarfeelingisshowninalettertoSirJ。D。HookerofJune15,1881。
MyfatherwasstayingatPatterdale,andwrote:"Iamratherdespondentaboutmyself……Ihavenottheheartorstrengthtobeginanyinvestigationlastingyears,whichistheonlythingwhichIenjoy,andIhavenolittlejobswhichIcando。"
InJuly,1881,hewrotetoMr。Wallace,"WehavejustreturnedhomeafterspendingfiveweeksonUllswater;thesceneryisquitecharming,butI
cannotwalk,andeverythingtiresme,evenseeingscenery……WhatIshalldowithmyfewremainingyearsoflifeIcanhardlytell。Ihaveeverythingtomakemehappyandcontented,butlifehasbecomeverywearisometome。"
Hewas,however,abletodoagooddealofwork,andthatofatryingsort(Ontheactionofcarbonateofammoniaonrootsandleaves。),duringtheautumnof1881,buttowardstheendoftheyearhewasclearlyinneedofrest;andduringthewinterwasinalowerconditionthanwasusualwithhim。
OnDecember13hewentforaweektohisdaughter’shouseinBryanstonStreet。DuringhisstayinLondonhewenttocallonMr。Romanes,andwasseizedwhenonthedoor—stepwithanattackapparentlyofthesamekindasthosewhichafterwardsbecamesofrequent。Therestoftheincident,whichIgiveinMr。Romanes’words,isinterestingtoofromadifferentpointofview,asgivingonemoreillustrationofmyfather’sscrupulousconsiderationforothers:——
"Ihappenedtobeout,butmybutler,observingthatMr。Darwinwasill,askedhimtocomein,hesaidhewouldprefergoinghome,andalthoughthebutlerurgedhimtowaitatleastuntilacabcouldbefetched,hesaidhewouldrathernotgivesomuchtrouble。Forthesamereasonherefusedtoallowthebutlertoaccompanyhim。Accordinglyhewatchedhimwalkingwithdifficultytowardsthedirectioninwhichcabsweretobemetwith,andsawthat,whenhehadgotaboutthreehundredyardsfromthehouse,hestaggeredandcaughtholdofthepark—railingsasiftopreventhimselffromfalling。Thebutlerthereforehastenedtohisassistance,butafterafewsecondssawhimturnroundwiththeevidentpurposeofretracinghisstepstomyhouse。However,afterhehadreturnedpartofthewayheseemstohavefeltbetter,forheagainchangedhismind,andproceededtofindacab。"
DuringthelastweekofFebruaryandinthebeginningofMarch,attacksofpainintheregionoftheheart,withirregularityofthepulse,becamefrequent,comingonindeednearlyeveryafternoon。AseizureofthissortoccurredaboutMarch7,whenhewaswalkingaloneatashortdistancefromthehouse;hegothomewithdifficulty,andthiswasthelasttimethathewasabletoreachhisfavourite’Sand—walk。’Shortlyafterthis,hisillnessbecameobviouslymoreseriousandalarming,andhewasseenbySirAndrewClark,whosetreatmentwascontinuedbyDr。NormanMoore,ofSt。
Bartholomew’sHospital,andMr。Alfrey,ofSt。MaryCray。Hesufferedfromdistressingsensationsofexhaustionandfaintness,andseemedtorecognisewithdeepdepressionthefactthathisworkingdayswereover。Hegraduallyrecoveredfromthiscondition,andbecamemorecheerfulandhopeful,asisshowninthefollowinglettertoMr。Huxley,whowasanxiousthatmyfathershouldhaveclosermedicalsupervisionthantheexistingarrangementsallowed:
Down,March27,1882。
MydearHuxley,Yourmostkindletterhasbeenarealcordialtome。Ihavefeltbetterto—daythanforthreeweeks,andhavefeltasyetnopain。Yourplanseemsanexcellentone,andIwillprobablyactuponit,unlessIgetverymuchbetter。Dr。Clark’skindnessisunboundedtome,butheistoobusytocomehere。Onceagain,acceptmycordialthanks,mydearoldfriend。I
wishtoGodthereweremoreautomata(TheallusionistoMr。Huxley’saddress’OntheHypothesisthatAnimalsareAutomata,anditsHistory,’
givenattheBelfastmeetingoftheBritishAssociationin1874,andrepublishedin’ScienceandCulture。’)intheworldlikeyou。
Everyours,CH。DARWIN。"
TheallusiontoSirAndrewClarkrequiresawordofexplanation。SirAndrewClarkhimselfwaseverreadytodevotehimselftomyfather,who,however,couldnotendurethethoughtofsendingforhim,knowinghowseverelyhisgreatpracticetaxedhisstrength。
NoespecialchangeoccurredduringthebeginningofApril,butonSaturday15thhewasseizedwithgiddinesswhilesittingatdinnerintheevening,andfaintedinanattempttoreachhissofa。Onthe17thhewasagainbetter,andinmytemporaryabsencerecordedformetheprogressofanexperimentinwhichIwasengaged。DuringthenightofApril18th,aboutaquartertotwelve,hehadasevereattackandpassedintoafaint,fromwhichhewasbroughtbacktoconsciousnesswithgreatdifficulty。Heseemedtorecognisetheapproachofdeath,andsaid,"Iamnottheleastafraidtodie。"Allthenextmorninghesufferedfromterriblenauseaandfaintness,andhardlyralliedbeforetheendcame。
Hediedataboutfouro’clockonWednesday,April19th,1882,intheseventy—fourthyearofhisage。
Iclosetherecordofmyfather’slifewithafewwordsofretrospectaddedtothemanuscriptofhis’Autobiography’in1879:——
"Asformyself,IbelievethatIhaveactedrightlyinsteadilyfollowing,anddevotingmylifetoScience。Ifeelnoremorsefromhavingcommittedanygreatsin,buthaveoftenandoftenregrettedthatIhavenotdonemoredirectgoodtomyfellowcreatures。"
APPENDIXI。
THEFUNERALINWESTMINSTERABBEY。
OntheFridaysucceedingmyfather’sdeath,thefollowingletter,signedbytwentymembersofParliament,wasaddressedtoDr。Bradley,DeanofWestminster:——
HOUSEOFCOMMONS,April21,1882。
VeryRev。Sir,Wehopeyouwillnotthinkwearetakingalibertyifweventuretosuggestthatitwouldbeacceptabletoaverylargenumberofourfellow—countrymenofallclassesandopinionsthatourillustriouscountryman,Mr。Darwin,shouldbeburiedinWestminsterAbbey。
Weremain,yourobedientservants,JOHNLUBBOCK,NEVILSTOREYMASKELYNE,A。J。MUNDELLA,G。O。TREVELYAN,LYONPLAYFAIR,CHARLESW。DILKE,DAVIDWEDDERBURN,ARTHURRUSSEL,HORACEDAVEY,BENJAMINARMITAGE,RICHARDB。MARTIN,FRANCISW。BUXTON,E。L。STANLEY,HENRYBROADHURST,JOHNBARRAN,F。J。CHEETHAM,H。S。HOLLAND,H。CAMPBELL—BANNERMAN,CHARLESBRUCE,RICHARDFORT。
TheDeanwasabroadatthetime,andtelegraphedhiscordialacquiescence。
ThefamilyhaddesiredthatmyfathershouldbeburiedatDown:withregardtotheirwishes,SirJohnLubbockwrote:——
HOUSEOFCOMMONS,April25,1882。
MydearDarwin,Iquitesympathisewithyourfeeling,andpersonallyIshouldgreatlyhavepreferredthatyourfathershouldhaverestedinDownamongstusall。Itis,Iamsure,quiteunderstoodthattheinitiativewasnottakenbyyou。
Still,fromanationalpointofview,itisclearlyrightthatheshouldbeburiedintheAbbey。Iesteemitagreatprivilegetobeallowedtoaccompanymydearmastertothegrave。
Believeme,yoursmostsincerely,JOHNLUBBOCK。
W。E。DARWIN,ESQ。
Thefamilygaveuptheirfirst—formedplans,andthefuneraltookplaceinWestminsterAbbeyonApril26th。Thepall—bearerswere:——
SIRJOHNLUBBOCK,MR。HUXLEY,MR。JAMESRUSSELLLOWELL(AmericanMinister),MR。A。R。WALLACE,THEDUKEOFDEVONSHIRE,CANONFARRAR,SIRJ。D。HOOKER,MR。WM。SPOTTISWOODE(PresidentoftheRoyalSociety),THEEARLOFDERBY,THEDUKEOFARGYLL。
ThefuneralwasattendedbytherepresentativesofFrance,Germany,Italy,Spain,Russia,andbythoseoftheUniversities,andlearnedSocieties,aswellasbylargenumbersofpersonalfriendsanddistinguishedmen。
ThegraveisintheNorthaisleoftheNaveclosetotheangleofthechoir—screen,andafewfeetfromthegraveofSirIsaacNewton。Thestonebearstheinscription——
CHARLESROBERTDARWIN。
Born12February,1809。
Died19April,1882。
APPENDIXII。
I。——LISTOFWORKSBYCHARLESDARWIN。
NarrativeoftheSurveyingVoyagesofHerMajesty’sShips’Adventure’and’Beagle’betweentheyears1826and1836,describingtheirexaminationoftheSouthernshoresofSouthAmerica,andthe’Beagle’s’circumnavigationoftheglobe。Volumeiii。JournalandRemarks,1832—1836。ByCharlesDarwin。8vo。London,1839。
JournalofResearchesintotheNaturalHistoryandGeologyofthecountriesvisitedduringtheVoyageofH。M。S。’Beagle’roundtheworld,underthecommandofCaptainFitz—Roy,R。N。2ndedition,corrected,withadditions。
8vo。London,1845。(ColonialandHomeLibrary。)
ANaturalist’sVoyage。JournalofResearches,etc。,8vo。London,1860。
[ContainsapostscriptdatedFebruary1,1860。]
ZoologyoftheVoyageofH。M。S。’Beagle。’EditedandsuperintendedbyCharlesDarwin。PartI。FossilMammalia,byRichardOwen。WithaGeologicalIntroduction,byCharlesDarwin。4to。London,1840。
——PartII。Mammalia,byGeorgeR。Waterhouse。Withanoticeoftheirhabitsandranges,byCharlesDarwin。4to。London,1839。
——PartIII。Birds,byJohnGould。An"Advertisement"(2pages)statesthatinconsequenceofMr。Gould’shavingleftEnglandforAustralia,manydescriptionsweresuppliedbyMr。G。R。GrayoftheBritishMuseum。4to。
London,1841。
——PartIV。Fish,byRev。LeonardJenyns。4to。London,1842。
——PartV。Reptiles,byThomasBell。4to。London,1843。
TheStructureandDistributionofCoralReefs。BeingtheFirstPartoftheGeologyoftheVoyageofthe’Beagle。’8vo。London,1842。
TheStructureandDistributionofCoralReefs。2ndedition。8vo。London,1874。
GeologicalObservationsontheVolcanicIslands,visitedduringtheVoyageofH。M。S。’Beagle。’BeingtheSecondPartoftheGeologyoftheVoyageofthe’Beagle。’8vo。London,1844。
GeologicalObservationsonSouthAmerica。BeingtheThirdPartoftheGeologyoftheVoyageofthe’Beagle。’8vo。London,1846。
GeologicalObservationsontheVolcanicIslandsandpartsofSouthAmericavisitedduringtheVoyageofH。M。S。’Beagle。’2ndedition。8vo。London,1876。
AMonographoftheFossilLepadidae;or,PedunculatedCirripedesofGreatBritain。4to。London,1851。(PalaeontographicalSociety。)
AMonographoftheSub—classCirripedia,withFiguresofalltheSpecies。
TheLepadidae;or,PedunculatedCirripedes。8vo。London,1851。(RaySociety。)
——TheBalanidae(orSessileCirripedes);theVerrucidae,etc。8vo。London,1854。(RaySociety。)
AMonographoftheFossilBalanidaeandVerrucidaeofGreatBritain。4to。
London,1854。(PalaeontographicalSociety。)
OntheOriginofSpeciesbymeansofNaturalSelection,orthePreservationofFavouredRacesintheStruggleforLife。8vo。London,1859。(DatedOctober1st,1859,publishedNovember24,1859。)
——Fifththousand。8vo。London,1860。
——Thirdedition,withadditionsandcorrections。(Sevenththousand。)8vo。
London,1861。(DatedMarch,1861。)
——Fourtheditionwithadditionsandcorrections。(Eighththousand。)8vo。
London,1866。(DatedJune,1866。)
——Fifthedition,withadditionsandcorrections。(Tenththousand。)8vo。
London,1869。(DatedMay,1869。)
——Sixthedition,withadditionsandcorrectionsto1872。(Twenty—fourththousand。)8vo。London,1882。(DatedJanuary,1872。)
OnthevariouscontrivancesbywhichOrchidsarefertilisedbyInsects。
8vo。London,1862。
——Secondedition。8vo。London,1877。[Inthesecondeditiontheword"On"isomittedfromthetitle。]
TheMovementsandHabitsofClimbingPlants。Secondedition。8vo。
London,1875。[Firstappearedintheninthvolumeofthe’JournaloftheLinneanSociety。’]
TheVariationofAnimalsandPlantsunderDomestication。2volumes。8vo。
London,1868。
——Secondedition,revised。2volumes。8vo。London,1875。
TheDescentofMan,andSelectioninRelationtoSex。2volumes。8vo。
London,1871。
——Secondedition。8vo。London,1874。(In1volume。)
TheExpressionoftheEmotionsinManandAnimals。8vo。London,1872。
InsectivorousPlants。8vo。London,1875。
TheEffectsofCrossandSelfFertilisationintheVegetableKingdom。8vo。
London,1876。
——Secondedition。8vo。London,1878。
ThedifferentFormsofFlowersonPlantsofthesameSpecies。8vo。
London,1877。
——Secondedition。8vo。London,1880。
ThePowerofMovementinPlants。ByCharlesDarwin,assistedbyFrancisDarwin。8vo。London,1880。
TheFormationofVegetableMould,throughtheActionofWorms,withObservationsontheirHabits。8vo。London,1881。
II。——LISTOFBOOKSCONTAININGCONTRIBUTIONSBYCHARLESDARWIN。
AManualofscientificenquiry;preparedfortheuseofHerMajesty’sNavy:
andadaptedfortravellersingeneral。EditedbySirJohnF。W。Herschel,Bart。8vo。London,1849。(SectionVI。Geology。ByCharlesDarwin。)
MemoiroftheRev。JohnStevensHenslow。BytheRev。LeonardJenyns。8vo。
London,1862。[InChapterIII。,RecollectionsbyCharlesDarwin。]
Aletter(1876)onthe’Drift’nearSouthamptonpublishedinProf。J。
Geikie’s’PrehistoricEurope。’
Flowersandtheirunbiddenguests。ByA。Kerner。WithaPrefatoryLetterbyCharlesDarwin。ThetranslationrevisedandeditedbyW。Ogle。8vo。
London,1878。
ErasmusDarwin。ByErnstKrause。TranslatedfromtheGermanbyW。S。
Dallas。WithapreliminarynoticebyCharlesDarwin。8vo。London,1879。
StudiesintheTheoryofDescent。ByAugustWeismann。TranslatedandeditedbyRaphaelMeldola。WithaPrefatoryNoticebyCharlesDarwin。
8vo。London,1880——。
TheFertilisationofFlowers。ByHermannMuller。TranslatedandeditedbyD’ArcyW。Thompson。WithaPrefacebyCharlesDarwin。8vo。London,1883。
MentalEvolutioninAnimals。ByG。J。Romanes。WithaposthumousessayoninstinctbyCharlesDarwin,1883。[AlsopublishedintheJournaloftheLinneanSociety。]
SomeNotesonacurioushabitofmalehumblebeesweresenttoProf。
HermannMuller,ofLippstadt,whohadpermissionfromMr。Darwintomakewhatusehepleasedofthem。AfterMuller’sdeaththeNotesweregivenbyhissontoDr。E。Krause,whopublishedthemunderthetitle,"UeberdieWegederHummel—Mannchen"inhisbook,’GesammeltekleinereSchriftenvonCharlesDarwin。’(1886)。
III。——LISTOFSCIENTIFICPAPERS,INCLUDINGASELECTIONOFLETTERSANDSHORT
COMMUNICATIONSTOSCIENTIFICJOURNALS。
LetterstoProfessorHenslow,readbyhimatthemeetingoftheCambridgePhilosophicalSociety,heldNovember16,1835。31pages。8vo。PrivatelyprintedfordistributionamongthemembersoftheSociety。
GeologicalNotesmadeduringasurveyoftheEastandWestCoastsofSouthAmericaintheyears1832,1833,1834,and1835;withanaccountofatransversesectionoftheCordillerasoftheAndesbetweenValparaisoandMendoza。[ReadNovember18,1835。]GeologySocietyProc。ii。1838,pages210—212。[ThisPaperisincorrectlydescribedinGeologySocietyProc。
ii。,page210asfollows:——"Geologicalnotes,etc。,byF。Darwin,Esq。,ofSt。John’sCollege,Cambridge:communicatedbyProf。Sedgwick。"ItisIndexedunderC。Darwin。]
NotesupontheRheaAmericana。ZoologySocietyProc。,Partv。1837。pages35—36。
ObservationsofproofsofrecentelevationonthecoastofChili,madeduringthesurveyofH。M。S。"Beagle,"commandedbyCaptainFitz—Roy。
[1837。]GeologicalSocietyProc。ii。1838,pages446—449。
AsketchofthedepositscontainingextinctMammaliaintheneighbourhoodofthePlata。[1837。]GeologicalSocietyProc。ii。1838,pages542—544。
OncertainareasofelevationandsubsidenceinthePacificandIndianoceans,asdeducedfromthestudyofcoralformations。[1837。]GeologicalSocietyProc。ii。1838,pages552—554。
OntheFormationofMould。[ReadNovember1,1837。]GeologicalSocietyProc。ii。1838,pages574—576;GeologicalSocietyTransactionsv。1840,pages505—510。
OntheConnexionofcertainVolcanicPhenomenaandontheformationofmountain—chainsandtheeffectsofcontinentalelevations。[ReadMarch7,1838。]GeologicalSocietyProc。ii。1838,pages654—660;GeologicalSocietyTransactionsv。1840,pages601—632。[IntheSociety’sTransactionsthewordingofthetitleisslightlydifferent。]
Originofsaliferousdeposits。SaltLakesofPatagoniaandLaPlata。
GeologicalSocietyJournalii。(Partii。),1838,pages127—128。
NoteonaRockseenonanIcebergin16degSouthLatitude。GeographicalSocietyJournalix。1839,pages528—529。
ObservationsontheParallelRoadsofGlenRoy,andofotherpartsofLochaberinScotland,withanattempttoprovethattheyareofmarineorigin。Phil。Trans。1839,pages39—82。
OnaremarkableBarofSandstoneoffPernambuco,ontheCoastofBrazil。
Phil。Mag。xix。1841,pages257—260。
OntheDistributionoftheErraticBouldersandontheContemporaneousUnstratifiedDepositsofSouthAmerica。[1841。]GeologicalSocietyProc。
iii。1842,pages425—430;GeologicalSocietyTransactionsvi。1842,pages415—432。
NotesontheEffectsproducedbytheAncientGlaciersofCaernarvonshire,andontheBoulderstransportedbyFloatingIce。LondonPhilosophicalMagazinevolumexxi。page180。1842。
Remarksontheprecedingpaper,inaLetterfromCharlesDarwin,Esq。,toMr。Maclaren。EdinburghNewPhilosophicalJournalxxxiv。1843,pages47—
50。[The"preceding"paperis:"OnCoralIslandsandReefsasdescribedbyMr。Darwin。ByCharlesMaclaren,Esq。,F。R。S。E。"]
ObservationsontheStructureandPropagationofthegenusSagitta。AnnalsandMagazineofNaturalHistoryxiii。1844,pages1—6。
BriefdescriptionsofseveralTerrestrialPlanariae,andofsomeremarkableMarineSpecies,withanAccountoftheirHabits。AnnalsandMagazineofNaturalHistoryxiv。1844,pages241—251。
AnaccountoftheFineDustwhichoftenfallsonVesselsintheAtlanticOcean。GeologicalSocietyJournalii。1846,pages26—30。
OntheGeologyoftheFalklandIslands。GeologicalSocietyJournalii。
1846,pages267—274。
AreviewofWaterhouse’s’NaturalHistoryoftheMammalia。’[Notsigned。]
AnnalsandMagazineofNaturalHistory1847。Volumexix。page53。
OntheTransportalofErraticBouldersfromalowertoahigherlevel。
GeologicalSocietyJournaliv。1848,pages315—323。
OnBritishfossilLepadidae。GeologicalSocietyJournalvi。1850,pages439—440。[TheG。S。J。says"ThispaperwaswithdrawnbytheauthorwiththepermissionoftheCouncil。"]
AnalogyoftheStructureofsomeVolcanicRockswiththatofGlaciers。
EdinburghRoyalSocietyProc。ii。1851,pages17—18。
OnthepowerofIcebergstomakerectilinear,uniformly—directedGroovesacrossaSubmarineUndulatorySurface。PhilosophicalMagazinex。1855,pages96—98。
VitalityofSeeds。"Gardeners’Chronicle",November17,1855,page758。
OntheactionofSea—waterontheGerminationofSeeds。[1856。]LinneanSocietyJournali。1857("Botany"),pages130—140。
OntheAgencyofBeesintheFertilisationofPapilionaceousFlowers。
"Gardeners’Chronicle",page725,1857。
OntheTendencyofSpeciestoformVarieties;andonthePerpetuationofVarietiesandSpeciesbyNaturalMeansofSelection。ByCharlesDarwin,Esq。,F。R。S。,F。L。S。,andF。G。S。,andAlfredWallace,Esq。[ReadJuly1st,1858。]JournaloftheLinneanSociety1859,volumeiii。("Zoology"),page45。
SpecialtitlesofCharlesDarwin’scontributionstotheforegoing:——
i。ExtractfromanunpublishedworkonSpeciesbyCharlesDarwinEsq。,consistingofaportionofachapterentitled,"OntheVariationofOrganicBeingsinaStateofNature;ontheNaturalMeansofSelection;ontheComparisonofDomesticRacesandtrueSpecies。"
ii。AbstractofaLetterfromC。Darwin,Esq。,toProfessorAsaGray,ofBostonU。S。,datedSeptember5,1857。
OntheAgencyofBeesintheFertilisationofPapilionaceousFlowers,andontheCrossingofKidneyBeans。"Gardeners’Chronicle",1858,page828
andAnnalsofNaturalHistory3rdseriesii。1858,pages459—465。
DotheTineinaorothersmallMothssuckFlowers,andifsowhatFlowers?
"EntomologicalWeeklyIntelligencer"volumeviii。1860,page103。
NoteontheacheniaofPumilioArgyrolepis。"Gardeners’Chronicle",January5,1861,page4。
FertilisationofVincas。"Gardeners’Chronicle",pages552,831,832。
1861。
OntheTwoForms,orDimorphicCondition,inthespeciesofPrimula,andontheirremarkableSexualRelations。LinneanSocietyJournalvi。1862
("Botany"),pages77—96。
OntheThreeremarkableSexualFormsofCatasetumtridentatum,anOrchidinthepossessionoftheLinneanSociety。LinneanSocietyJournalvi。1862
("Botany"),pages151—157。
YellowRain。"Gardeners’Chronicle",July18,1863,page675。
OnthethicknessofthePampeanformationnearBuenosAyres。GeologicalSocietyJournalxix。1863,pages68—71。
Ontheso—called"Auditory—sac"ofCirripedes。NaturalHistoryReview,1863,pages115—116。
AreviewofMr。Bates’paperon’MimeticButterflies。’NaturalHistoryReview,1863,page221—。[Notsigned。]
Ontheexistenceoftwoforms,andontheirreciprocalsexualrelation,inseveralspeciesofthegenusLinum。LinneanSocietyJournalvii。1864
("Botany"),pages69—83。
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