首页 >出版文学> The Varieties of Religious Experience>第41章
  A。Nothingwhatever。Iamamanwithoutareligion。Thesewordsmeansomuchmythicbosh。
  Q。Haveyouhadanyexperienceswhichappearedprovidential?
  A。Nonewhatever。Thereisnoagencyofthesuperintendingkind。Alittlejudiciousobservationaswellasknowledgeofscientificlawwillconvinceanyoneofthisfact。
  Q。Whatthingsworkmoststronglyonyouremotions?
  A。Livelysongsandmusic;PinaforeinsteadofanOratorio。I
  likeScott,Burns,Byron,Longfellow,especiallyShakespeare,etc。,etc。Ofsongs,theStar-SpangledBanner,America,Marseillaise,andallmoralandsoul-stirringsongs,butwishy-washyhymnsaremydetestation。Igreatlyenjoynature,especiallyfineweather,anduntilwithinafewyearsusedtowalkSundaysintothecountry,twelvemilesoften,withnofatigue,andbicyclefortyorfifty。Ihavedroppedthebicycle。
  Inevergotochurch,butattendlectureswhenthereareanygoodones。Allofmythoughtsandcogitationshavebeenofahealthyandcheerfulkind,forinsteadofdoubtsandfearsIseethingsastheyare,forIendeavortoadjustmyselftomyenvironment。
  ThisIregardasthedeepestlaw。Mankindisaprogressiveanimal。Iamsatisfiedhewillhavemadeagreatadvanceoverhispresentstatusathousandyearshence。
  Q。Whatisyournotionofsin?
  A。Itseemstomethatsinisacondition,adisease,incidentaltoman’sdevelopmentnotbeingyetadvancedenough。Morbidnessoveritincreasesthedisease。Weshouldthinkthatamillionofyearshenceequity,justice,andmentalandphysicalgoodorderwillbesofixedandorganizedthatnoonewillhaveanyideaofevilorsin。
  Q。Whatisyourtemperament?
  A。Nervous,active,wide-awake,mentallyandphysically。SorrythatNaturecompelsustosleepatall。
  Ifweareinsearchofabrokenandacontriteheart,clearlyweneednotlooktothisbrother。Hiscontentmentwiththefiniteincaseshimlikealobster-shellandshieldshimfromallmorbidrepiningathisdistancefromtheinfinite。Wehaveinhimanexcellentexampleoftheoptimismwhichmaybeencouragedbypopularscience。
  Tomymindacurrentfarmoreimportantandinterestingreligiouslythanthatwhichsetsinfromnaturalsciencetowardshealthy-mindednessisthatwhichhasrecentlypouredoverAmericaandseemstobegatheringforceeveryday——IamignorantwhatfootholditmayyethaveacquiredinGreatBritain——andtowhich,forthesakeofhavingabriefdesignation,Iwillgivethetitleofthe“Mind-curemovement。”Therearevarioussectsofthis“NewThought。”touseanotherofthenamesbywhichitcallsitself;buttheiragreementsaresoprofoundthattheirdifferencesmaybeneglectedformypresentpurpose,andIwilltreatthemovement,withoutapology,asifitwereasimplething。
  Itisadeliberatelyoptimisticschemeoflife,withbothaspeculativeandapracticalside。Initsgradualdevelopmentduringthelastquarterofacentury,ithastakenupintoitselfanumberofcontributoryelements,anditmustnowbereckonedwithasagenuinereligiouspower。Ithasreachedthestage,forexample,whenthedemandforitsliteratureisgreatenoughforinsincerestuff,mechanicallyproducedforthemarket,tobetoacertainextentsuppliedbypublishers——aphenomenonneverobserved,Iimagine,untilareligionhasgotwellpastitsearliestinsecurebeginnings。
  OneofthedoctrinalsourcesofMind-cureisthefourGospels;
  anotherisEmersonianismorNewEnglandtranscendentalism;
  anotherisBerkeleyanidealism;anotherisspiritism,withitsmessagesof“law“and“progress“and“development“;anothertheoptimisticpopularscienceevolutionismofwhichIhaverecentlyspoken;and,finally,Hinduismhascontributedastrain。Butthemostcharacteristicfeatureofthemind-curemovementisaninspirationmuchmoredirect。Theleadersinthisfaithhavehadanintuitivebeliefintheall-savingpowerofhealthy-mindedattitudesassuch,intheconqueringefficacyofcourage,hope,andtrust,andacorrelativecontemptfordoubt,fear,worry,andallnervouslyprecautionarystatesofmind。[44]Theirbeliefhasinageneralwaybeencorroboratedbythepracticalexperienceoftheirdisciples;andthisexperienceformsto-dayamassimposinginamount。
  [44]“CautionaryVersesforChildren“:thistitleofamuchusedwork,publishedearlyinthenineteenthcentury,showshowfarthemuseofevangelicalprotestantisminEngland,withhermindfixedontheideaofdanger,hadatlastdriftedawayfromtheoriginalgospelfreedom。Mind-curemightbebrieflycalledareactionagainstallthatreligionofchronicanxietywhichmarkedtheearlierpartofourcenturyintheevangelicalcirclesofEnglandandAmerica。
  Theblindhavebeenmadetosee,thehalttowalk;life-longinvalidshavehadtheirhealthrestored。Themoralfruitshavebeennolessremarkable。Thedeliberateadoptionofahealthy-mindedattitudehasprovedpossibletomanywhoneversupposedtheyhaditinthem;regenerationofcharacterhasgoneononanextensivescale;andcheerfulnesshasbeenrestoredtocountlesshomes。Theindirectinfluenceofthishasbeengreat。
  Themind-cureprinciplesarebeginningsotopervadetheairthatonecatchestheirspiritatsecond-hand。Onehearsofthe“GospelofRelaxation。”ofthe“Don’tWorryMovement。”ofpeoplewhorepeattothemselves,“Youth,health,vigor!”whendressinginthemorning,astheirmottofortheday。
  Complaintsoftheweatheraregettingtobeforbiddeninmanyhouseholds;andmoreandmorepeoplearerecognizingittobebadformtospeakofdisagreeablesensations,ortomakemuchoftheordinaryinconveniencesandailmentsoflife。Thesegeneraltoniceffectsonpublicopinionwouldbegoodevenifthemorestrikingresultswerenon-existent。Butthelatteraboundsothatwecanaffordtooverlooktheinnumerablefailuresandself-deceptionsthataremixedinwiththemforineverythinghumanfailureisamatterofcourse,andwecanalsooverlooktheverbiageofagooddealofthemind-cureliterature,someofwhichissomoonstruckwithoptimismandsovaguelyexpressedthatanacademicallytrainedintellectfindsitalmostimpossibletoreaditatall。
  Theplainfactremainsthatthespreadofthemovementhasbeenduetopracticalfruits,andtheextremelypracticalturnofcharacteroftheAmericanpeoplehasneverbeenbettershownthanbythefactthatthis,theironlydecidedlyoriginalcontributiontothesystematicphilosophyoflife,shouldbesointimatelyknitupwithconcretetherapeutics。Totheimportanceofmind-curethemedicalandclericalprofessionsintheUnitedStatesarebeginning,thoughwithmuchrecalcitrancyandprotesting,toopentheireyes。Itisevidentlyboundtodevelopstillfarther,bothspeculativelyandpractically,anditslatestwritersarefarandawaytheablestofthegroup。[45]Itmattersnothingthat,justastherearehostsofpersonswhocannotpray,sotherearegreaterhostswhocannotbyanypossibilitybeinfluencedbythemind-curers’ideas。Forourimmediatepurpose,theimportantpointisthatsolargeanumbershouldexistwhoCANbesoinfluenced。Theyformapsychictypetobestudiedwithrespect。[46]
  [45]IrefertoMr。HoratioW。DresserandMr。HenryWood,especiallytheformer。Mr。Dresser’sworksarepublishedbyG。
  P。Putnam’sSons,NewYorkandLondon;Mr。Wood’sbyLee&
  ShepardBoston。
  [46]Lestmyowntestimonybesuspected,Iwillquoteanotherreporter,Dr。H。H。Goddard,ofClarkUniversity,whosethesison“theEffectsofMindonBodyasevidencedbyFaithCures“ispublishedintheAmericanJournalofPsychologyfor1899vol。
  x。。Thiscritic,afterawidestudyofthefacts,concludesthatthecuresbymind-cureexist,butareinnorespectdifferentfromthosenowofficiallyrecognizedinmedicineascuresbysuggestion;andtheendofhisessaycontainsaninterestingphysiologicalspeculationastothewayinwhichthesuggestiveideasmayworkp。67ofthereprint。Asregardsthegeneralphenomenonofmentalcureitself,Dr。Goddardwrites:
  “Inspiteoftheseverecriticismwehavemadeofreportsofcure,therestillremainsavastamountofmaterial,showingapowerfulinfluenceofthemindindisease。Manycasesareofdiseasesthathavebeendiagnosedandtreatedbythebestphysiciansofthecountry,orwhichprominenthospitalshavetriedtheirhandatcuring,butwithoutsuccess。Peopleofcultureandeducationhavebeentreatedbythismethodwithsatisfactoryresults。Diseasesoflongstandinghavebeenameliorated,andevencured……Wehavetracedthementalelementthroughprimitivemedicineandfolk-medicineofto-day,patentmedicine,andwitchcraft。Weareconvincedthatitisimpossibletoaccountfortheexistenceofthesepractices,iftheydidnotcuredisease,andthatiftheycureddisease,itmusthavebeenthementalelementthatwaseffective。Thesameargumentappliestothosemodernschoolsofmentaltherapeutics——
  DivineHealingandChristianScience。ItishardlyconceivablethatthelargebodyofintelligentpeoplewhocomprisethebodyknowndistinctivelyasMentalScientistsshouldcontinuetoexistifthewholethingwereadelusion。Itisnotathingofaday;
  itisnotconfinedtoafew;itisnotlocal。Itistruethatmanyfailuresarerecorded,butthatonlyaddstotheargument。
  Theremustbemanyandstrikingsuccessestocounterbalancethefailures,otherwisethefailureswouldhaveendedthedelusion……ChristianScience,DivineHealing,orMentalSciencedonot,andnevercanintheverynatureofthings,curealldiseases;
  nevertheless,thepracticalapplicationsofthegeneralprinciplesofthebroadestmentalsciencewilltendtopreventdisease……Wedofindsufficientevidencetoconvinceusthattheproperreforminmentalattitudewouldrelievemanyasuffererofillsthattheordinaryphysiciancannottouch;wouldevendelaytheapproachofdeathtomanyavictimbeyondthepowerofabsolutecure,andthefaithfuladherencetoatruerphilosophyoflifewillkeepmanyamanwell,andgivethedoctortimetodevotetoalleviatingillsthatareunpreventable“pp。
  33,34ofreprint。
  Tocomenowtoalittlecloserquarterswiththeircreed。Thefundamentalpillaronwhichitrestsisnothingmorethanthegeneralbasisofallreligiousexperience,thefactthatmanhasadualnature,andisconnectedwithtwospheresofthought,ashallowerandaprofoundersphere,ineitherofwhichhemaylearntolivemorehabitually。Theshallowerandlowersphereisthatofthefleshlysensations,instincts,anddesires,ofegotism,doubt,andthelowerpersonalinterests。ButwhereasChristiantheologyhasalwaysconsideredFROWARDNESStobetheessentialviceofthispartofhumannature,themind-curerssaythatthemarkofthebeastinitisFEAR;andthisiswhatgivessuchanentirelynewreligiousturntotheirpersuasion。
  “Fear。”toquoteawriteroftheschool,“hashaditsusesintheevolutionaryprocess,andseemstoconstitutethewholeofforethoughtinmostanimals;butthatitshouldremainanypartofthementalequipmentofhumancivilizedlifeisanabsurdity。
  Ifindthatthefearclementofforethoughtisnotstimulatingtothosemorecivilizedpersonstowhomdutyandattractionarethenaturalmotives,butisweakeninganddeterrent。Assoonasitbecomesunnecessary,fearbecomesapositivedeterrent,andshouldbeentirelyremoved,asdeadfleshisremovedfromlivingtissue。Toassistintheanalysisoffearandinthedenunciationofitsexpressions,Ihavecoinedthewordfearthoughttostandfortheunprofitableelementofforethought,andhavedefinedtheword’worry’asfearthoughtincontradistinctiontoforethought。Ihavealsodefinedfearthoughtastheself-imposedorself-permittedsuggestionofinferiority,inordertoplaceitwhereitreallybelongs,inthecategoryofharmful,unnecessary,andthereforenotrespectablethings。”[47]
  [47]HoraceFletcher:HappinessasfoundinForethoughtMinusFearthought,MenticultureSeries,ii。ChicagoandNewYork,Stone。1897,pp。21-25,abridged。
  The“misery-habit。”the“martyr-habit。”engenderedbytheprevalent“fearthought。”getpungentcriticismfromthemind-curewriters:——
  “Considerforamomentthehabitsoflifeintowhichweareborn。
  Therearecertainsocialconventionsorcustomsandallegedrequirements,thereisatheologicalbias,ageneralviewoftheworld。Thereareconservativeideasinregardtoourearlytraining,oureducation,marriage,andoccupationinlife。