Myreaders，Ihavesomewhatelsetodo，Thanwithvainstoriesthustotroubleyou；
　　WhathereIsaysomemendoknowsowellTheycanwithtearsandjoythestorytell……
　　ThenlendthineeartowhatIdorelate，TouchingthetownofMansoulandherstate:
　　Formypart，Imyselfwasinthetown，Bothwhen’twassetupandwhenpullingdown。
　　Letnomanthencountmeafable-maker，NormakemynameorcreditapartakerOftheirderision:whatishereinviewOfmineownknowledge，Idaresayistrue。
　　ThecharactersintheHolyWararenotasarulenearlysoclear-
　　cutorsofullofdramaticlifeandmovementastheirfellowsareinthePilgrim’sProgress，andBunyanseemstohavefeltthattobethecase。Heshowsallanauthor’sfondnessforthechildrenofhisimaginationinthePilgrim’sProgress。Hereturnstoandhelingersontheirdoingsandtheirsayingsandtheirverynameswithallafoolishfather’sfonddelight。While，ontheotherhand，whenwelooktoseehiminhisconfidentialaddressestohisreadersreturninguponsomeofthemilitaryandmunicipalcharactersintheHolyWar，toourdisappointmenthedoesnotsomuchasnameasingleoneofthem，thoughhedwellswithallanauthor’sself-delectationontheoutstandingscenes，situations，andepisodesofhisremarkablebook。
　　What，then，aresomeofthemoreoutstandingscenes，situations，andepisodes，aswellasmilitaryandmunicipalcharacters，inthebooknowbeforeus？Andwhatarewetopromiseourselves，andtoexpect，fromthestudyandtheexpositionoftheHolyWarintheselectures？Well，tobeginwith，weshalldoourbesttoenterwithmind，andheart，andconscience，andimaginationintoBunyan’sgreatconceptionofthehumansoulasacity，afairandadelicatecityandcorporation，withitssituation，surroundings，privilegesandfortunes。Weshallthenenterunderhisguidanceintothefamousandstatelypalaceofthismetropolitancity；apalacewhichforstrengthmightbecalledacastle，forpleasantnessaparadise，andforlargenessaplacesocopiousastocontainalltheworld。
　　ThewallsandthegatesofthecitywillthenoccupyandinstructusforseveralSabbathevenings，afterwhichweshallenterontherecordofthewarsandbattlesthatrolledtimeaftertimeroundthosecitywalls，andsurgedupthroughitscapturedgatestilltheyquiteoverwhelmedtheverypalaceofthekingitself。Thenweshallspend，Godwilling，oneSabbatheveningwithLoth-to-stoop，andanotherwitholdIll-pause，thedevil’sorator，andanotherwithCaptainAnything，andanotherwithLordWillbewill，andanotherwiththatnotoriousvillainClip-promise，bywhosedoingssomuchoftheking’scoinhadbeenabused，andanotherwiththatsoangryandsoill-conditionedchurloldMr。Prejudice，withhissixtydeafmenunderhim。DearMr。Wet-eyes，withhisropeuponhishead，willhaveafitcongregationonewinternight，andCaptainSelf-denialanother。WeshallhaveanotherpainfulbutprofitableeveningbeforeacommunionseasonwithMr。Prywell，andsoweshalleatofthatbreadanddrinkofthatcup。Emmanuel’sliverywilloccupyusoneevening，Mansoul’sMagnaChartaanother，andherannualFeast-dayanother。HerEstablishedChurchandherbeneficedclergywilltakeuponeevening，someSkulkersinMansoulanother，thedevil’slastprankanother，andthen，towindupwith，Emmanuel’slastspeechandchargetoMansoulfromhischariot-steptillHecomesagaintoaccomplishherrapture。Allthatweshallseeandtakepartin；unless，indeed，ourCaptaincomesinangerbeforethetime，andspearsustotheearthwhenHefindsusasleepatourpostorintheactofsinatit，whichmayHisaboundingmercyforbid！
　　Andnowtakethesethreeforewarningsandprecautions。
　　1。First:-AllwhocomehereonthesecomingSabbatheveningswillnotunderstandtheHolyWarallatonce，andmanywillnotunderstanditatall。Andlittleblametothem，andnowonder。
　　For，fullytounderstandthisdeepandintricatebookdemandsfarmoremind，farmoreexperience，andfarmorespecialisedknowledgethanthemassofmen，asmenare，canpossiblybringtoit。Thissoexactingbookdemandsofus，tobeginwith，somelittleacquaintancewithmilitaryengineeringandarchitecture；withthetheoryof，andifpossiblewithsomepracticein，attackanddefenceinsiegesandstorms，wintercampaignsandlongdrawn-outwars。Andthen，impossibleasitsoundsandis，alongwithallthatwewouldneedtohaveareallyprofound，practical，andatfirst-handacquaintancewiththeanatomyofthehumansubject，andespeciallywithcardiacanatomy，aswellaswithalltheconditions，diseases，regimenanddisciplineofthecorruptheartofman。Andthenitisenoughtoterrifyanyonetoopenthisbookortoenterthischurchwhenheistoldthatifhecomesherehemustbereadyandwillingtohavethewholeofthisterribleandexactingbookfulfilledandexperiencedinhimself，inhisownbodyandinhisownsoul。
　　2。And，then，youwillnotallliketheHolyWar。Themassofmencouldnotbeexpectedtolikeanysuchbook。Howcouldthevainandblindcitizenofavainandblindcityliketobewakenedup，asPariswaswakenedupwithinourownremembrance，tofindallhergatesinthehandsofaniron-heartedenemy？Andhowcouldhersonsliketobereminded，astheysitintheirwinegardens，thattheyaretherebyfastpreparingtheircityforthatthreateneddaywhensheistobehunguponherownwallsandbledtothewhite？
　　Whowouldnothateandrevilethebookorthepreacherwhoprophesiedsuchroughthingsasthat？Whocouldlovetheauthororthepreacherwhotoldhimtohisfacethathiseyesandhisearsandallthepassestohisheartwerealreadyinthehandsofacruel，ruthless，andmasterfulenemy？NowonderthatyouneverreadtheHolyWar。Nowonderthatthebulkofmenhaveneveronceopenedit。TheDownfallisnotafavouritebookinthenight-
　　gardensofParis。
　　3。Andthen，few，veryfew，itistobefeared，willbeanybetteroftheHolyWar。For，tobeanybetterofsuchaterriblebookasthisis，wemustatallcostslayit，andlayitall，andlayitallatonce，toheart。Wemustsubmitourselvestoseeourselvescontinuallyinitsblazingglass。Wemuststooptobetoldthatitisall，inallitsterrorsandinallitshorrors，literallytrueofourselves。Wemustdeliberatelyandresolutelysetopeneverygatethatopensinonourheart——Ear-gateandEye-gateandallthegatesofsenseandintellect，dayandnight，toJesusChristtoenterin；andwemustshutandboltandbareverysuchgateinthedevil’sveryface，andinthefaceofallhisscoutsandorators，dayandnightalso。Butwhothatthinks，andthatknowsbyexperiencewhatallthatmeans，willfeelhimselfsufficientforallthat？Noman:nosinfulman。But，amongmanyothernobleandblessedthings，theHolyWarwillshowusthatoursufficiencyinthisimpossibilityalsoisallofGod。Who，then，willenlist？
　　Whowillriskallandenlist？WhowillmatriculateinthemilitaryschoolofMansoul？Whowillsubmithimselftoalltheseverityofitsdivinediscipline？Whowillbemadewillingtothrowopenandtokeepopenhiswholesoul，withallthegatesanddoorsthereof，toallthesieges，assaults，capitulations，submissions，occupations，andsuchlikeofthewarofgospelholiness？Andwhowillenlistunderthatbannernow？
　　’Setdownmyname，sir，’saidamanofaverystoutcountenancetohimwhohadtheinkhornattheoutergate。Atwhichthosewhowalkeduponthetopofthepalacebrokeoutinaverypleasantvoice，’Comein，comein；
　　Eternalglorythoushaltwin。’
　　Wehavenolonger，afterwhatwehavecomethrough，anysuchstoutnessinourcountenance，yetwillwesayto-nightwithhimwhohadit，Setdownmynamealso，sir！
　　CHAPTERII——THECITYOFMANSOULANDITSCINQUEPORTS
　　’——abesiegedcity。’——Isaiah。
　　Ourgreatesthistorianshavebeenwonttoleavetheirbooksbehindthemandtomakelongjourneysinordertoseewiththeirowneyestheruinedsitesofancientcitiesandthefamousfieldswherethegreatbattlesoftheworldwerelostandwon。WeallrememberhowMacaulaymadealongwinterjourneytoseethePassofKilliecrankiebeforehesatdowntowriteuponit；andCarlyle’smagnificentbattle-piecesarenotallimagination；eventhatwonderfulwriterhadtoseeFrederick’sbattlefieldswithhisowneyesbeforehecouldtrusthimselftodescribethem。AndhetellsushimselfhowCromwell’ssplendidgeneralshipallcameupbeforehimashelookeddownonthetownofDunbarandoutupontheever-
　　memorablecountryroundaboutit。JohnBunyanwasnotagreathistorian；hewasonlyacommonsoldierinthegreatCivilWaroftheseventeenthcentury；butwhatwouldwenotgiveforadescriptionfromhisvividpenofthefamousfieldsandthegreatsiegesinwhichhetookpart？WhatafindJohnBunyan’s’Journals’
　　and’LettersHomefromtheSeatofWar’wouldbetoourhistoriansandtotheirreaders！But，alas！suchjournalsandlettersdonotexist。Bunyan’scompletesilenceinallhisbooksaboutthebattlesandthesiegeshetookhispartinisveryremarkable，andhissilenceisfullofsignificance。ThePuritansoldierkeepsallhismilitaryexperiencestoworkthemallupintohisHolyWar，theoneandonlywarthateverkindledallhispassionsandfilledhiseverywakingthought。ButsinceJohnBunyanwasamanofgenius，equalinhisownwaytoCromwellandMiltonthemselves，ifIwereasoldierIwouldkeepeverbeforemethegreatbookinwhichBunyan’sexperiencesandobservationsandreflectionsasasoldierareallworkedup。IwouldsetthatclassicalbookonthesameshelfwithCaesar’sCommentariesandNapier’sPeninsula，andCarlyle’sgloriousbattle-pieces。EvenCaesarhasbeenaccusedoftoogreatdrynessandcoldnessinhisCommentaries，butthereisneitherdrynessnorcoldnessinJohnBunyan’sHolyWar。ToreadBunyankindlesourcoldcivilianbloodlikethewavingofabannerandlikethesoundofatrumpet。
　　ThesituationofthecityofMansouloccupiesoneofthemostbeautifulpagesofthiswholebook。TheopeningoftheHolyWar，simplyasapieceofEnglish，isworthytostandbesidethebestpageofthePilgrim’sProgressitself，andwhatmorecanIsaythanthat？Now，thesituationofacityisamatteroftheveryfirstimportance。Indeed，theinsightandtheforesightofthegreatstatesmenandthegreatsoldiersofpastagesareseeninnothingmorethaninthesitestheychosefortheircitadelsandfortheirdefencedcities。Well，then，astothesituationofMansoul，’itlieth，’saysourmilitaryauthor，’justbetweenthetwoworlds。’
　　Thatistosay:verymuchasGermanyinourdayliesbetweenFranceandRussia，andverymuchasPalestineinherdaylaybetweenEgyptandAssyria，sodoesMansoulliebetweentwoimmenseempiresalso。And，surely，Idonotneedtoexplaintoanymanherewhohasaman’ssoulinhisbosomthatthetwoarmedempiresthatbesiegehissoulareHeavenaboveandHellbeneath，andthatbothHeavenandHellwouldgivetheirbestbloodandtheirbesttreasuretosubdueandtopossesshissoul。WedonotvalueoursoulsatallasHeavenandHellvaluethem。TherearesavagetribesinAfricaandinAsiawhoinhabitterritoriesthataresleeplesslyenviedbytheexpandingandextendingnationsofEurope。AncientandmightyempiresinEuroperaisearmies，andbuildnavies，andlevytaxes，andspillthebloodoftheirbravestsonslikewaterinordertopossesstheharbours，andtherivers，andthemountains，andthewoodsamidwhichtheirbesottedownersroaminutterignoranceofalltheplotsandpreparationsoftheWesternworld。AndHeavenandHellarenotunlikethoseancientandover-peoplednationsofEuropewhoseteemingmillionsmusthaveanoutlettootherlands。Theirlifeandtheiractivityaretoolargeandtoorichfortheiroriginalterritories，andthustheyarecompelledtoseekoutcoloniesanddependencies，sothattheirsurpluspopulationmayhaveahome。And，inlikemanner，Heavenistoofullofloveandofblessednesstohaveallthatforevershutupwithinitself，andHellistoofullofenvyandill-will，andthustherecontinuallycomeaboutthosecontentionsandcollisionsofwhichtheHolyWarisfull。And，besides，itiswithMansoulandherneighbourstatesofHeavenandHelljustasitiswithsomeofourgreatEuropeanempiresinthisalso。Thereisnoneutralzone，nobufferstate，nosilverstreakbetweenMansoulandherimmediateandmilitaryneighbours。Andthusitisthatherstatesmen，andhersoldiers，andevenherverycommon-soldiersentriesmustbeforeveronthewatch；theymustneversaypeace，peace；theymustneverleaveforonemomenttheirappointedpost。
　　Andthen，asforthewallofthecity，hearourexcellenthistorian’sownwordsaboutthat。’Thewallofthetownwaswellbuilt，’sohesays。’Yea，sofastandfirmwasitknitandcompacttogetherthat，haditnotbeenforthetownsmenthemselves，itcouldnothavebeenshakenorbrokendownforever。ForherelaytheexcellentwisdomofHimthatbuildedMansoul，thatthewallscouldneverbebrokendownnorhurtbythemostmightyadversepotentateunlessthetownsmengavetheirconsentthereto。’Now，whatwouldthemilitaryengineersofChathamandParisandBerlin，whoarenowattheirwits’end，notgiveforasecretlikethat！A
　　wallimpregnableandinsurmountableandnottobesappedorminedfromtheoutside:awallthatcouldonlysufferhurtfromtheinside！Andthenthatwonderfulwallwaspiercedfromwithinwithfivemagnificentlyanswerablegates。Thatistosay，thegatescouldneitherbeburstinnoranywayforcedfromwithout。’ThisfamoustownofMansoulhadfivegates，inatwhichtocome，outofwhichtogo；andtheseweremadelikewiseanswerabletothewalls；
　　towit，impregnable，andsuchascouldneverbeopenedorforcedbutbythewillandleaveofthosewithin。Thenamesofthegateswerethese:Ear-gate，Eye-gate，Mouth-gate；inshort，’thefivesenses，’aswesay。
　　InthesouthofEngland，inthetimeofEdwardtheConfessorandafterthebattleofHastings，therewerefivecitieswhichhadspecialimmunitiesandpeculiarprivilegesbestoweduponthem，inrecognitionofthespecialdangerstowhichtheywereexposedandtheeminentservicestheyperformedasfacingthehostileshoresofFrance。Owingtotheirprivilegesandtheirposition，the’CinquePorts’cametobecitiesofgreatstrength，till，astimewenton，theybecameapositiveweaknessratherthanastrengthtothelandthatlaybehindthem。Privilegebredpride，andintheirpridetheCinquePortsproclaimedwarsandformedalliancesontheirownaccount:piraciesbyseaandrobberiesbylandwerehatchedwithintheirwalls；andittookcenturiestoreducethosepamperedandarrogantportstothesafeandpeacefulrankofordinaryEnglishcities。TheRevolutionof1688didsomething，andtheReformBillof1832didmoretomakeDoverandherinsolentsistersliketheotherfreeandequalcitiesofEngland；buttothisdaythereareremnantsofpublicshowsandpageantriesleftinthoseoldtownssufficienttowitnesstotheformerprivileges，power，andprideofthefamousCinquePorts。Now，Mansoul，inlikemanner，hashercinqueports。AndthewholeoftheHolyWarisonelonganddetailedhistoryofhowthefivesensesareclothedwithsuchpowerastheypossess；howtheyabuseandmisusetheirpower；whatdisloyaltyanddespitetheyshowtotheirsovereign；whatconspiraciesanddepredationstheyenterinto；whatuntoldmiseriestheyletinuponthemselvesanduponthelandthatliesbehindthem；whatyearsandyearsofsiege，legislation，andruleittakestoreduceourbodilysenses，thoseproudandlicentiousgates，totheirtrueandproperallegiance，andtomaketheirpossessorsapeopleloyalandcontented，law-abidingandhappy。
　　TheApostlehasaterriblepassagetotheCorinthians，inwhichhetreatsofthesoulandthesenseswithtremendousandoverwhelmingpower。’Yourbodiesandyourbodilymembers，’heargues，withcrushingindignation，’arenotyourowntodowiththemasyoulike。YourbodiesandyoursoulsarebothChrist’s。Hehasboughtyourbodyandyoursoulatanincalculablecost。What！knowyenotthatyourbodyisnothinglessthanthetempleoftheHolyGhostwhichisinyou，andyearenotanymoreyourown？knowyenotthatyourbodiesaretheverymembersofChrist？’AndthenhesaysathingsoterriblethatItrembletotranscribeit。Foramoreterriblethingwasneverwritten。’ShallIthen，’filledwithshamehedemands，’takethemembersofChristandmakethemthemembersofanharlot？’OGod，havemercyonme！IknewallthetimethatIwasabusingandpollutingmyself，butIdidnotknow，I
　　didnotthink，IwasnevertoldthatIwasabusingandpollutingThySon，JesusChrist。Oh，tooawfulthought。Andyet，stupidsinnerthatIam，IhadoftenreadthatifanymandefilethetempleofGodandthemembersofChrist，himshallGoddestroy。O
　　God，destroymenotasIseenowthatIdeserve。SparemethatI
　　maycleanseandsanctifymyselfandthemembersofChristinme，whichIhavesooftenembrutedanddefiled。AssistmetosummonupmyimaginationhenceforthtomysanctificationasThineapostlehasheretaughtmetheway。Letmehenceforthlookatmywholebodyinallitssensesandinallitsmembers，themostopenandthemostsecret，asinrealitynomoremyown。LetmehenceforthlookatmyselfwithPaul’sdeepandholyeyes。LetmehenceforthseatChrist，myRedeemerandmyKing，intheverythroneofmyheart，andthenkeepeverygateofmybodyandeveryavenueofmymindasallnotanymoremineownbutHis。Letmeopenmyeye，andmyear，andmymouth，asifinallthatIwereopeningChrist’seyeandChrist’searandChrist’smouth；andletmethrustinnothingonHimasHedwellswithinmethatwillmakeHimashamedorangry，orthatwilldefileandpolluteHim。Thatthought，OGod，Ifeelthatitwilloftenarrestmeintimetocomeintheveryactofsin。ItwillmakemestartbackbeforeImakeChristcruelorfalse，awine-bibber，aglutton，orunclean。IfeelatthismomentasifI
　　shallyetcometoaskHimateverymeal，andateveryotheropportunityandtemptationofeverykind，whatHewouldhaveandwhatHewoulddobeforeIgoontotakeortodoanythingmyself。
　　Whatacheck，whatarestraint，whatanawfulscrupulositythatwillhenceforthworkinme！But，throughthat，whatapure，blameless，noble，holyandheavenlylifeIshallthenlead！Whatbodilypains，diseases，prematuredecays；whatmentalremorses，whatshamesandscandals，whatself-loathingsandwhatself-
　　disgusts，whatcupsbitterertodrinkthanblood，Ishallthenescape！Yes，OPaul，IshallhenceforthholdwiththeethatmybodyisthetempleofChrist，andthatIamnotmyown，butthatI
　　amboughtwithatransportingprice，andcan，therefore，donothinglessthanglorifyGodinmybodyandinmyspiritwhichareGod’s。
　　’Thisplace，’saysthePaulineauthoroftheHolyWar——’ThisplacetheKingintendedbutforHimselfalone，andnotforanotherwithHim。’
　　But，mybrethren，laythiswell，andasneverbefore，toheart——
　　this，namely，thatwhenyouthusbegintokeepanygateforChrist，yourKingandCaptainandBetter-self，——Ear-gate，orEye-gate，orMouth-gate，oranyothergate——youwillhavetakenupataskthatshallhavenoendwithyouinthislife。Tillyoubeginindeadearnesttowatchyourheart，andallthedoorsofyourheart，asifyouwerewatchingChrist’sheartforHimandallthedoorsofHisheart，youwillhavenoideaofthearduousnessandtheendurance，thesleeplessnessandtheself-denial，oftheundertaking。
　　’Mansoul！Herwarsseemedendlessinhereyes；
　　She’slostbyone，becomesanother’sprize。
　　Mansoul！Hermightywars，theydidportendHerwealorwoeandthatworldwithoutend。
　　Whereforeshemustbemoreconcern’dthantheyWhosefearsbeginandendtheself-sameday。’
　　’Weallthoughtonebattlewoulddecideit，’saysRichardBaxter，writingabouttheCivilWar。’Butwewereallverymuchmistaken，’
　　sardonicallyaddsCarlyle。Yes；andyouwillbeverymuchmistakentooifyouenteronthewarwithsininyoursoul，inyoursensesandinyourmembers，withpowderandshotforoneengagementonly。
　　Whenyouenlisthere，laywelltoheartthatitisforlife。Thereisnodischargeinthiswar。Therearenoornamentaloldpensionershere。Itisawarfareforeternallife，andnothingwillenditbuttheendofyourevildaysonearth。
　　CHAPTERIII——EAR-GATE
　　’Takeheedwhatyehear。’——OurLordinMark。
　　’Takeheedhowyouhear。’——OurLordinLuke。
　　ThisfamoustownofMansoulhadfivegates，inatwhichtocome，outatwhichtogo，andtheseweremadelikewiseanswerabletothewalls——towit，impregnable，andsuchascouldneverbeopenednorforcedbutbythewillandleaveofthosewithin。’Thenamesofthegateswerethese，Ear-gate，Eye-gate，’andsoon。Dr。GeorgeWilson，whowasonceProfessorofTechnologyinourUniversity，tookthissuggestivepassageoutoftheHolyWarandmadeitthetextofhisfamouslectureinthePhilosophicalInstitution，andthenheprintedthepassageonthefly-leafofhisdelightfulbookTheFiveGatewaysofKnowledge。Thatisabooktoreadsometime，butthiseveningistobespentwiththemaster。
　　For，afterall，noonecanwriteatoncesobeautifully，soquaintly，sosuggestively，andsoevangelicallyasJohnBunyan。
　　’TheLordWillbewill，’saysJohnBunyan，’tookspecialcarethatthegatesshouldbesecuredwithdoubleguards，doublebolts，anddoublelocksandbars；andthatEar-gateespeciallymightthebetterbelookedto，forthatwasthegateinatwhichtheKing’sforcessoughtmosttoenter。TheLordWillbewillthereforemadeoldMr。Prejudice，anangryandill-conditionedfellow，captainofthewardatthatgate，andputunderhispowersixtymen，calledDeafmen；menadvantageousforthatservice，forasmuchastheymatterednowordsofthecaptainnorofthesoldiers。AndfirsttheKing’sofficersmadetheirforcemoreformidableagainstEar-
　　gate:fortheyknewthatunlesstheycouldpenetratethatnogoodcouldbedoneuponthetown。Thisdone，theyputtherestoftheirmenintheirplaces；afterwhichtheygaveouttheword，whichwas，Yemustbebornagain！Andsothebattlebegan。Now，theyinthetownhadplanteduponthetoweroverEar-gatetwogreatguns，theonecalledHigh-mindandtheotherHeady。Untothesetwogunstheytrustedmuch；theywerecastinthecastlebyDiabolus’sironfounder，whosenamewasMr。Puff-up，andmischievouspiecestheywere。Theyinthecampalsodidstoutly，fortheysawthatunlesstheycouldopenEar-gateitwouldbeinvaintobatterthewall。’Andsoon，throughmanyallegorical，and，ifsometimessomewhatlaboured，yetalwayseloquent，pungent，andheart-exposingpages。
　　WiththeseforourtextletusnowtakearapidglanceatwhatsomeofthemoreBunyan-likepassagesintheprophetsandthepsalmssayabouttheear；howitiskeptandhowitislost；howitisusedandhowitisabused。
　　1。ThePsalmistusesaverystrikingexpressioninthe94thPsalmwhenheiscallingforjustice，andisteachingGod’sprovidenceovermen。’Hethatplantedtheear，’thePsalmistexclaims，’shallhenothear？’And，consideringhischurchandhisday，thatisnotabadremarkofCardinalBellarmineonthatpsalm，——’thePsalmist’swordplanted，’saysthatablechurchman，’impliesdesign，inthattheearwasnotspontaneouslyevolvedbyanactofvitalforce，butwasindependentlycreatedbyGodforacertainobject，justasatree，notofindigenousgrowth，isofsetpurposeplantedinsomenewplacebythehandofman。’ThesamethingissaidinGenesis，youremember，abouttheGardenofEden，——theLordplanteditandputthemanandthewoman，whoseearshehadjustplantedalso，intothegardentodressitandkeepit。Howtheydressedthegardenandkeptit，andhowtheyheldthegateoftheirearagainsthimwhosquatteddownbeforeitwithhisinnuendoesandhislies，weallknowtoourasyetunrepaired，thoughnotalwaysirreparable，cost。
　　2。OnewouldalmostthinkthatthescornfulapostlehadtheGardenofEdeninhiseyewhenhespeakssobitterlytoTimothyofaclassofpeoplewhoarecursedwith’itchingears。’Eve’searsitchedunappeasablyforthedevil’spromisedsecret；andwehaveallinheritedourfirstmother’smiserablecuriosity。Howeager，howrestless，howimportunate，weallaretohearthatnewthingthatdoesnotatallconcernus；oronlyconcernsustoourlossandourshame。Andthemoreforbiddenthatsecretistous，andthemorefullofinwardeviltous——insanesinnersthatweare——themoredeterminedwearetogetatit。Letanyforbiddensecretbeinthekeepingofsomeonewithinearshotofusandwewillgivehimnoresttillhehassharedtheevilthingwithus。Letanyspeciallyevilpagebepublishedinanewspaper，andwewilltakegoodcarethatthatday’spaperisnotthrownintothewaste-basket；wewillhideitaway，likeadogwithastolenbone，tillweareabletodigitupandchewitdryinsecret。Thedevilhasnoneedtoblockadeorbesiegethegateofourearifhehasanyofhisgoodthingstoofferus。Thegatethatcanonlybeopenedfromwithinwillopenatonceofitselfifheoranyofhisnewsmongersbutsquatdownforamomentbeforeit。Shameonus，andonallofus，forouritchingears。
　　3。Isaiahspeaksofsomemeninhisdaywhoseearswere’heavy’
　　andwhoseheartswerefat，andthePsalmistspeaksofsomemeninhisdaywhoseearswere’stopped’upaltogether。AndthereisnotabetterthinginBunyanathisverybestthanthatsurlyoldchurlcalledPrejudice，soill-conditionedandsoalwaysontheedgeofanger。Bythedevil’splanofbattleoldPrejudicewasappointedtobewarderofEar-gate，andtoenablehimtokeepthatgateforhismasterhehadsixtydeafmenputunderhim，menmostadvantageousforthatpost，forasmuchasitmatterednottothemwhatEmmanuelandHisofficerssaid。Therecouldbenomannerofdoubtwhocomposedthatinimitablepassage。ThereisallthetruthandallthehumourandallthesatireinOldPrejudicethatourauthorhasaccustomedustoinhisbestpieces。ThecommonpeoplealwaysgetthebestliteraturealongwiththebestreligioninJohnBunyan。’Theyarelikethedeafadderthatstoppethherear，andwhichwillnothearkentothevoiceofcharmerscharmingneversowisely，’saysthePsalmist，speakingaboutsomebadmeninhisday。
　　Now，IwillnotstanduponDavid’snaturalhistoryhere，buthismoralandreligiousmeaningisevidentenough。Davidisnotconcernedaboutaddersandtheirears，heiswhollytakenupwithusandouradder-likeanimosityagainstthetruth。Againstwhatteacher，then；againstwhatpreacher；againstwhatwriter；againstwhatdoctrine，reproof，correction，hasyourchurlishprejudiceadder-likeshutyourear？Againstwhattruth，humanordivine，haveyouhithertostoppedupyourearlikethePsalmist’sserpent？
　　Toaskthatboldly，honestly，andinthesightofGod，atyourselfto-night，wouldendinmakingyouthelifelongfriendofsomepreacher，someteacher，somesoul-savingtruthyouhaveuptillto-
　　nightbeenprejudicedagainstwiththerootedprejudiceandthesullenobstinacyofsixtydeafmen。OGod，helpustolayasideallthisadder-likeantipathyatmenandthings，bothinpublicandinprivatelife。Helpustogiveallmenandallcausesafairfieldandnofavour，butthefieldandthefavourofanopenandanhonestmind，andasimpleandasincereheart。Hethathathears，lethimhear！
　　4。AsweworkourwaythroughthevariousdevelopmentsandvicissitudesoftheHolyWarweshallfindEar-gateinitandinourselvespassingthroughmanyunexpectedexperiences；nowheldbyonesideandnowbyanother。AndwefindthesamesuccessionofvicissitudessetforthinHolyScripture。Ifyoupayanyattentiontowhatyoureadandhear，andthenbegintoaskyourselvesfairinthefaceastoyourownprejudices，prepossessions，animosities，andantipathies，——youwillatoncebegintoreapyourrewardinhavingputintoyourpossessionwhattheScripturessooftencallan’inclined’ear。Thatistosay，anearnotonlyunstopped，notonlyunloaded，butactuallypreparedandpredisposedtoallmanneroftruthandgoodness。Aroundourcitytherearetheremains，thestillvisibletracks，ofroadsthatatonetimetookthecountrypeopleintoourcity，butwhicharenowstoppedupandmadewhollyimpassable。ThereisnolongeranyroadintoEdinburghthatway。
　　Thereareotherroadsstillopen，buttheyareveryroundabout，andatbestveryup-hill。Andthenthereareotherroadssosmooth，andlevel，andbroad，andwellkept，thattheyarefullofallkindsoftraffic；inthecentrecartsandcarriagescrowdthem，ontheonesidehorsesandtheirridersdelighttodisplaythemselves，andontheothersidepedestriansandperambulatorsenjoythesun。
　　Andthentherearestillotherroadswithsuchasweetandgentleinclineuponthemthatitisapositivepleasurebothtomanandbeasttosettheirfootuponthem。Andsoitiswiththemindsandtheheartsofthemenandthewomenwhocrowdtheseroads。Justasthevariousroadsare，soaretheearsandtheunderstandings，theaffectionsandtheinclinationsofthosewhowalkandrideanddriveuponthem。Someofthosemen’searsareimpassablystoppedupbyself-love，self-interest，party-spirit，anger，envy，andill-
　　will，——impenetrablystoppedupagainstallthemenandallthetruthsofearthandofheaventhatwouldinstruct，enlighten，convictorcorrectthem。Somemen’sminds，again，arenotsomuchshutupastheyarecrooked，andwarped，andnarrow，andfullofobstructionandopposition。Whereashereandthere，sometimesonhorsebackandsometimesonfoot；sometimesalearnedmanwalkingoutofthecitytotaketheair，andsometimesanunletteredcountrymancomingintothecitytomakehismarket，willhavehisearhospitablyopentoeverygoodmanhemeets，toeverygoodbookhereads，toeverygoodpaperhebuysatthestreetcorner，andtoeverygoodspeech，andreport，andletter，andarticlehereadsinit。Andhowhappythatmanis，howhappyhishouseisathome，andhowhappyhemakesallthosehebutsmilestoonhisafternoonwalk，andinallhiswalkalongtheroadsofthislife。NeverseeanIincline’onarailwayoronadrivingorawalkingroadwithoutsayingonitbeforeyouleaveit，’IwaitedpatientlyfortheLord，andHeinclinedHisearuntomeandheardmycry。
　　BecauseHehathinclinedHisearuntome，thereforewillIcalluponHimaslongasIlive。Inclinenotmyhearttoanyevilthing，topractisewickedworkswiththemthatworkiniquity。
　　InclinemyheartuntoThytestimonies，andnottocovetousness。I
　　haveinclinedminehearttoperformThystatutesalway，evenuntotheend。’
　　5。ShakespearespeaksinRichardtheSecondof’theopenearofyouth，’anditisabeautifultruthinabeautifulpassage。Youngmen，whoarestillyoungmen，keepyourearsopentoalltruthandtoalldutyandtoallgoodness，andshutyourearswithanadder’sdeterminationagainstallthatwhichruinedRichard——flatteringsounds，reportsoffashions，andlasciviousmetres。’Oursoulswouldonlybegainersbytheperfectionofourbodiesweretheywiselydealtwith，’saysProfessorWilsoninhisFiveGateways。
　　’Andforeveryhumanbeingweshouldaimatsecuring，sofarastheycanbeattained，aneyeaskeenandpiercingasthatoftheeagle；anearassensitivetothefaintestsoundasthatofthehare；anostrilasfar-scentingasthatofthewilddeer；atongueasdelicateasthatofthebutterfly；andatouchasacuteasthatofthespider。Nomaneverwassoendowed，andnomaneverwillbe；butallmencomeinfinitelyshortofwhattheyshouldachieveweretheytomaketheirsenseswhattheymightbemade。Theoldhaveoutlivedtheiropportunity，andthediseasedneverhadit；buttheyoung，whohavestillanundimmedeye，anundulledear，andasofthand；anunbluntednostril，andatonguewhichtasteswithrelishtheplainestfare——theyoungcansocultivatetheirsensesastomakethenarrowring，whichfortheoldandtheinfirmencirclesthingssensible，widenforthemintoanalmostlimitlesshorizon。’
　　Takeheedwhatyouhear，andtakeheedhowyouhear。
　　CHAPTERIV——EYE-GATE
　　’Mineeyeaffectethmineheart。’——Jeremiah。
　　’Think，inthefirstplace，’saystheeloquentauthoroftheFiveGatewaysofKnowledge，’howbeautifulthehumaneyeis。Theeyesofmanyoftheloweranimalsare，doubtless，verybeautiful。Youmustallhaveadmiredthebold，fierce，brighteyeoftheeagle；
　　thelarge，gentle，browneyeoftheox；thetreacherous，greeneyeofthecat，waxingandwaninglikethemoon；theperteyeofthesparrow；theslyeyeofthefox；thepeeringlittlebeadofblackenamelinthemouse’shead；thegem-likeeyethatredeemsthetoadfromugliness，andtheintelligent，affectionateexpressionwhichlooksoutofthehuman-likeeyeofthehorseanddog。Therearemanyotheranimalswhoseeyesarefullofbeauty，butthereisaglorythatexcellethintheeyeofaman。Werealisethisbestwhenwegazeintotheeyesofthosewelove。Itistheireyeswelookatwhenwearenearthem，anditistheireyeswerecallwhenwearefarawayfromthem。Thefaceisallbutablankwithouttheeye；theeyeseemstoconcentrateeveryfeatureinitself。Itistheeyethatsmiles，notthelips；itistheeyethatlistens，nottheear；itistheeyethatfrowns，notthebrow；itistheeyethatmourns，notthevoice。Theeyeseeswhatitbringsthepowertosee。Howtrueisthis！Thesailoronthelook-outcanseeashipwherethelandsmancanseenothing。TheEsquimauxcandistinguishawhitefoxamongthewhitesnow。Theastronomercanseeastarintheskywheretootherstheblueexpanseisunbroken。
　　Theshepherdcandistinguishthefaceofeverysinglesheepinhisflock，’soProfessorWilson。AndthenDr。Gouldtellsusinhismystico-evolutionary，Behmen-and-Darwinbook，TheMeaningandtheMethodofLife——abookwhichthosewillreadwhocanandought——
　　thattheeyeisthemostpsychical，themostspiritual，themostuseful，andthemostvaluedandcherishedofallthesenses；afterwhichheaddsthiswonderfulandheart-affectingscientificfact，thatindeathbystarvation，everyparticleoffatinthebodyisauto-digestedexceptthecream-cushionoftheeye-ball！Sotrueisitthattheeyeisthemistress，thequeen，andthemostprecious，toCreatorandcreaturealike，ofallthefivesenses。
　　Now，intheHolyWarJohnBunyansaysathingabouttheear，asdistinguishedfromtheeye，thatIcannotsubscribetoinmyownexperienceatanyrate。IndescribingtheterriblewarthatragedroundEar-gate，andfinallysweptupthroughthatgateandintothestreetsofthecity，hesaysthattheearistheshortestandthesurestroadtotheheart。IconfessIcannotthinkthattobetheactualcase。Iamcertainthatitisnotsoinmyowncase。Myeyeisverymuchnearermyheartthanmyearis。Myeyemuchsooneraffects，andmuchmorepowerfullyaffects，myheartthanmyeareverdoes。Notonlyismyeyebyverymuchtheshortestroadtomyheart，but，likeallothershortroads，itiscram-fullofallkindsoftrafficwhenmyearstandsaltogetherempty。Myeyeisconstantlycrowdedandchokedwithallkindsofcommerce；wholehordesofimmigrantsandinvaderstrampleoneanotherdownonthecongestedstreetthatleadsfrommyeyetomyheart。Speakingformyself，foroneassaultthatismadeonmyheartthroughmyearthereareathousandassaultssuccessfullymadethroughmyeye。
　　Indeed，weremyeyebutstoppedup；hadIbutobedienceandcourageandself-mortificationenoughtopluckbothmyeyesout，thatwouldbehalfthecleansingandhealingandholinessofmyevilheart；oratleast，thehalfofitscorruption，rebellion，andabominablewickednesswouldhenceforthbehiddenfromme。IthinkIcanseewhatledJohnBunyaninhisdayandinthisbooktomakethattoostrongstatementabouttheearasagainsttheeye；butitisnotlikehimtohaveletsuchanover-statementstandandcontinueinhiscorrectedandcarefullyfinishedwork。TheprophetJeremiah，I
　　feelsatisfied，wouldnothavesubscribedtowhatissaidintheHolyWarinextenuationoftheeye。Thatheart-brokenprophetdoesnotsaythatithasbeenhisearthathasmadehisheadwaters。Itishiseye，hesays，thathassoaffectedhisheart。TheProphetoftheCaptivityhadalltheHolyWarpotentiallyinhisimaginationwhenhepennedthatsosuggestivesentence。AndtheLatinpoetofexperience，thegrown-upman’sownpoet，sayssomewherethatthethingsthatenterbyhiseyeseizeandholdhisheartmuchmoreswiftlyandmuchmoresurelythanthosethingsthatbutenterbyhisear。Ishallcontinue，then，toholdbymytext，’Mineeyeaffectethmineheart。’
　　1。Turningthen，totheprophetsandproverb-makersofIsrael，andthentotheNewTestamentforthetrueteachingontheeye，Icome，inthefirstplace，onthatsopungentsayingofSolomonthat’theeyesofafoolareintheendsoftheearth。’Lookatthatbornfool，saysSolomon，whohashiseyesandhisheartcommittedtohimtokeep。Seehimhowhegapesandstaresaftereverythingthatdoesnotconcernhim，andletsthedoorofhisownheartstandopentoeveryenteringthief。Londonisacityofthreemillioninhabitants，andtheyaremostlyfools，Carlyleoncesaid。Andlethiminthiscitywhoseeyeskeepathomecastthefirststoneatthoseforeignfools。Iwillwagerontheirsidethatmanyofyouhereto-nightknowbetterwhatwentoninMashonalandlastweekthanwhatwentoninyourownkitchendownstairs，orinyourownnurseryorschoolroomupstairs。SomeofyouaretentimesmoretakenupwiththeprospectsofHerMajesty’sGovernmentthissession，andwiththeplotsofHerMajesty’sOpposition，thanyouarewiththeprospectsofthegoodandtheevil，andtheplotsofGodandthedevil，allthiswinterinyourownhearts。Youriseearly，andmakeafighttogetthefirstofthenewspaper；butwhentheministercomesinintheafternoonyoublushbecausethehousemaidhasmislaidtheBible。Didyoueverreadofthestargazerwhofellintoanopenwellatthestreetcorner？Likehim，youmaybeagreatastronomer，agreatpolitician，agreattheologian，agreatdefenderofthefaitheven，andyetmaybeastarkfooljustinkeepingthedoorsandthewindowsofyourownheart。’Youshallseeapoorsoul，’saysDr。Goodwin，’meaninabilitiesofwit，oraccomplishmentsoflearning，whoknowsnothowtheworldgoes，noruponwhatwheelsitsstatesturn，whoyetknowsmoreclearlyandexperimentallyhisownheartthanallthelearnedmenintheworldknowtheirs。Andthoughtheothermaybetterdiscoursephilosophicallyoftheactsofthesoul，yetthispoormanseesmoreintothecorruptionofitthantheyall。’Andinanotherexcellentplacehesays:’Manywhohaveleisureandpartstoreadmuch，insteadofballastingtheirheartswithdivinetruth，andbuildinguptheirsoulswithitspreciouswords，aremuchmoreversedinplay-books，jeeringpasquils，romances，andfeignedstaves，whicharebutapesandpeacocks’feathersinsteadofpearlsandpreciousstones。Foreignandfoolishdiscoursespleasetheireyesandtheirears；theyaremorechameleonsthanmen，fortheyliveontheeastwind。’
　　2。’Ifthineeyeoffendthee’——ourLordlaysdownthislawtoallthosewhowouldenterintolife——’pluckitoutandcastitfromthee；foritisbetterfortheetoenterintolifewithoneeye，ratherthan，havingtwoeyes，tobecastintohell-fire。’Doesyoureyeoffendyou，mybrethren？Doesyoureyecauseyoutostumbleandfall，asitisintheetymology？Therightuseoftheeyeistokeepyoufromstumblingandfalling；butsopervertedaretheeyeandtheheartofeverysinnerthatthecitywatchmanhasbecomeapartakerwiththieves，andourtrustedguideandguardianatraitorandaknave。Ifthineeye，therefore，offendsthee；ifitplacesastoneoratreeinthywayinadarknight；ifitdigsadeepditchrightacrossthywayhome；ifitinanywayleadstheeastray，orletsinupontheethineenemies——then，surely，thouwertbettertobewithoutthateyealtogether。Pluckitout，then；or，whatisstillhardertogoonallyourdaysdoing，plucktheevilthingoutofit。Shutupthatbookandputitaway。Throwthatpaperandthatpictureintothefire。Cutoffthatcompanion，evenifhewereanadoringlover。Refusethatentertainmentandthatamusement，thoughalltheworldwerecrowdinguptoit。Andsoon，andsoon，tillyouhavepluckedyoureyeascleanoftemptationsandsnaresasitispossibletobeinthislife。ForthislifeisfullofthatterriblebutblessedlawofourLord。ThelifeofallHispeople，thatis；andyouareoneofthem，areyounot？Youwillknowwhetherornoyouareoneofthemjustbythenumberofthebeautifulthings，andthesweetthings，andthethingstobedesired，thatyouhavepluckedoutofyoureyeatHisadviceanddemand。Truereligion，mybrethren，onsomesidesofit，andatsomestagesofit，isaterriblysevereandsorebusiness；andunlessitisprovingaterriblysevereandsorebusinesstoyou，lookout！lest，withyourtwohandsandyourtwofeetandyourtwoeyes，youbecast，withallthatyourhandsandfeetandeyeshavefeastedon，intotheeverlastingfires！Woeuntotheworldbecauseofoffences，butwoemuchmoretothatmemberandentrance-gateofthebodybywhichtheoffencecometh！Wherefore，ifthineeyeoffendthee-！
　　3。’Letthineeyeslookrighton，andletthineeyelidslookstraightbeforethee。’Now，ifyouwishbothtopreserveyoureyes，andtoescapetheeverlastingfiresatthesametime，attendtothistext。Forthisisalmostasgoodaspluckingoutyourtwoeyes；indeed，itisalmosttheverysamething。Solomonshallspeaktothemaninthishouseto-nightwhohasthemostinflammable，themostungovernable，andthemostdesperatelywickedheart。You，man，withthatheart，youknowthatyoucannotpassupthestreetwithoutyoureyebecomingaperfecthell-gateoflust，ofhate，ofill-will，ofresentmentandofrevenge。Youreyefallsonaman，onawoman，onahouse，onashop，onaschool，onachurch，onacarriage，onacart，onaninnocentchild’sperambulatoreven；and，devilletloosethatyouare，youreyefillsyourheartonthespotwithabsolutehell-fire。Yourpresenceandyourprogresspoisontheverystreetsofthecity。
　　Andthat，notastheshort-sightedandthevulgarwillreadSolomon’splain-spokenScripture，withthepoisonoflewdnessanduncleanness，butwiththestillmoremalignant，stealthy，anddeadlypoisonofsocial，professional，political，andecclesiasticalhatred，resentment，andill-will。Whoredomandwineopenlyslaytheirthousandsonallourstreets；butenvyandspite，dislikeandhatredtheirtenthousands。Thefactis，wewouldneverknowhowmalignantlywickedourheartsarebutforoureyes。
　　Butasuddenspark，asingleflashthroughtheeyefallingonthegunpowderthatfillsourhearts，thatletsusknowahundredtimeseverydaywhatatheartwearemadeof。’Ofaverity，OLord，Iammadeofsin，andthatmylifemakethmanifest，’praysBishopAndreweseveryday。Why，sir，nottogotothestreet，thedirectioninwhichyoureyesturninthishousethiseveningwillmakethishouseavery’den，’asourLordsaid——yes，averydentoyouoftemptationandtransgression。Myson，letthineeyeslookrighton。Ponderthepathofthyfeet，turnnottotherighthandnortotheleft——removethyfootfromallevil！
　　4。Thereisstillanothereyethatisalmostasgoodasaneyeoutaltogether，andthatisaJob’seye。Jobwasthefirstauthorofthateyeandallwewhohavethatexcellenteyetakeitofhim。’I
　　havemadeacovenantwithmineeyes，’saidthatextraordinaryman——
　　thatextraordinarilyable，honest，exposedandexercisedman。Now，youmustallknowwhatacovenantis。Acovenantisacompact，acontract，anagreement，anengagement。Inacovenanttwopartiescometotermswithoneanother。Thetwocovenantersstrikehands，andsolemnlyengagethemselvestooneanother:Iwilldothisforyouifyouwilldothatforme。Itisabargain，saystheother；
　　letushaveitsealedwithwaxandsignedwithpenandinkbeforetwowitnesses。As，forinstance，attheLord’sTable。Iswear，yousay，overtheBodyandtheBloodoftheSonofGod，Isweartomakeacovenantwithmineeyes。Iwillneverletthemreadagainthatidle，infidel，scoffing，uncleansheet。Iwillnotletthemlookonanyofmyformerimagesorimaginationsofforbiddenpleasures。Iswear，OThoutowhomthenightshinethastheday，thatIwillneveragainsay，Surelythedarknessshallcoverme！
　　SeeifIdonothenceforthbyThygracekeepmyfeetoffeveryslipperystreet。That，andmanyotherthingslikethat，wasthewaythatJobmadehissonoblecovenantwithhiseyesinhisdayandinhisland。AnditwasbecausehesomadeandsokepthiscovenantthatGodsoboastedoverhimandsaid，HastthouconsideredmyservantJob？Andthen，everycovenanthasitstwosides。TheothersideofJob’scovenant，ofwhichGodHimselfwasthesurety，youcanreadandthinkoverinyoursolitarylodgingsto-night。ReadJobxxxi。1，andthenJobxl。totheend，andthenbesureyoutakecovenantpaperandinktoGodbeforeyousleep。
　　AndletallfashionableyoungladieshearwhatMissRossettiexpectsforherself，andforallofhersexwithherwhoshallsubscribehercovenant。’True，’sheadmits，’allourlifelongweshallbeboundtorefrainoursoul，andkeepitlow；butwhatthen？
　　Forthebookswenowrefraintoreadweshallonedaybeendowedwithwisdomandknowledge。Forthemusicwewillnotlistentoweshalljoininthesongoftheredeemed。ForthepicturesfromwhichweturnweshallgazeunabashedontheBeatificVision。Forthecompanionshipweshunweshallbewelcomedintoangelicsocietyandthecommunionoftriumphantsaints。Fortheamusementsweavoidweshallkeepthesupremejubilee。Forallthepleasureswemissweshallabide，andforevermoreabide，intheraptureofheaven。’
　　5。AndthenthereisthePaulineeye。Aneye，however，thatJobwouldhavesharedwithPaulandwiththeCorinthianChurchhadthepatriarchbeenprivilegedtoliveinourNewTestamentday。EversincetheHolyGhostwithHisanointingoilfellonusatPentecost，saystheapostle，wehavehadaneyebymeansofwhichwelooknotatthethingsthatareseen，butatthethingsthatarenotseen。Now，hewhohasaneyelikethatisabovebothpluckingouthiseyesormakingacovenantwiththemeither。ItislikewhatPaulsaysaboutthelawalso。Thelawisnotmadeforarighteousman。Arighteousmanisabovethelawandindependentofit。Thelawdoesnotreachtohimandheisnothamperedwithit。
　　AndsoitiswiththemanwhohasgotPaul’ssplendideyesfortheunseen。Hedoesnotneedtotouchsomuchasoneofhiseye-lashestopluckthemout。Forhiseyesareblind，andhisearsaredeaf，andhiswholebodyisdeadtothethingsthataretemporal。Hiseyesareinwardlyablazewiththethingsthatareeternal。HewhoseeyeshavebeenopenedtothetruthandtheloveofhisBible，hewillgloatnomoreoveryourbooksandyourpapersfilledwithlies，andslander，andspite，andlewdness！Hewhohashisconversationinheavendoesnotneedtosetawatchonhislipslesthetakeupanillreportabouthisneighbour。Hewhowalkseverydayonthestreetsofgoldwillstepasswiftlyasmaybe，withgirtloins，andwithapreoccupiedeye，outoftheslipperyandunsavourystreetsofthisforsakenearth。Hewhohasfastworkingoutforhimanexceedingandeternalweightofglorywilleasilycountallhiscupsandallhiscrosses，andallthecrooksinhislotbutassomanylightafflictionsandbutforamoment。
　　MyLordUnderstandinghadhispalacebuiltwithhighperspectivetowersonit，andthesiteofitwasneartoEye-gate，fromthetopofwhichhislordshipeverydaylookednotatthethingswhicharetemporal，butatthethingswhichareeternal，anddownfromhispalacetowersheeverydaydescendedtoadministerhisheavenlyofficeinthecity。
　　Youreye，then，istheshortestwayintoyourheart。Watchitwell，therefore；suspectandchallengealloutsiderswhocomenearit。Keepthepassesthatleadtoyourheartwithalldiligence。
　　Letnothingcontraband，letnothingthatevenlookssuspicious，everenteryourhearts；for，ifitonceenters，andturnsouttobeevil，youwillnevergetitalloutagainaslongasyoulive。
　　’Deathiscomeupintoourwindows，’saysourprophetinanotherplace，’andisenteredintoourpalaces，tocutoffourchildreninourhousesandouryoungmeninourstreets。’Makeacovenant，then，withyoureyes。Takeanoathofyoureyesastowhichwaytheyarehenceforthtolook。For，letthemlookthisway，andyourheartisimmediatelyfulloflust，andhate，andenvy，andill-
　　will。Ontheotherhand，leadthemtolookthatwayandyourheartisasimmediatelyfulloftruthandbeauty，brotherlykindnessandcharity。Thelightofthebodyistheeye；if，therefore，thineeyebesingle，thywholebodyshallbefulloflight；butifthineeyebeevil，thywholebodyisfullofdarkness。If，therefore，thelightthatisintheebedarkness，howgreatisthatdarkness！
　　CHAPTERV——THEKING’SPALACE
　　’Thepalaceisnotforman，butfortheLordGod。’——David。
　　’Now，thereisinthisgallantcountryafairanddelicatetown，acorporation，calledMansoul:atownforitsbuildingsocurious，foritssituationsocommodious，foritsprivilegessoadvantageous，thatImaysayofit，thereisnotitsequalunderthewholeheaven。Also，therewasrearedupinthemidstofthistownamostfamousandstatelypalace:forstrength，itmightbecalledacastle；forpleasantness，aparadise；andforlargeness，aplacesocopiousastocontainalltheworld。ThisplacetheKingintendedforHimselfalone，andnotforanotherwithHim，sogreatwasHisdelightinit。’Thusfar，ourexcellentallegoricalauthor。Butthereareotherauthorsthattreatofthisgreatmatternowinhandbesidestheallegoricalauthors。YouwillheartellsometimesaboutaclassofauthorscalledtheMystics。Well，listenatthisstagetooneofthem，andoneofthebestofthem，onthispresentmatter——thehumanheart，thatis。’Ourheart，’hesays，’isourmannerofexistence，orthestateinwhichwefeelourselvestobe；itisaninwardlife，avitalsensibility，whichcontainsourmanneroffeelingwhatandhowweare；itisthestateofourdesiresandtendencies，ofinwardlyseeing，tasting，relishing，andfeelingthatwhichpasseswithinus；ourheartisthattousinwardlywithregardtoourselveswhichoursensesofseeing，hearing，feeling，andsuchlikearewithregardtothingsthatarewithoutorexternaltous。YourheartisthebestandgreatestgiftofGodtoyou。Itisthehighest，greatest，strongest，andnoblestpowerofyournature。Itformsyourwholelife，beitwhatitwill。Allevilandallgoodcomefromyourheart。Yourheartalonehasthekeyoflifeanddeathforyou。’I
　　wasjustabouttoaskyouatthispointwhichofourtwoauthors，ourallegoricalorourmysticalauthorupontheheart，youlikebest。Butthatwouldbeastupidandawaywardquestionsinceyouhavethembothbeforeyou，andbothattheirbest，topossessandtoenjoy。TogobackthentoJohnBunyan，andtohisallegoryofthehumanheart。
　　1。Tobeginwith，then，therewasrearedupinthemidstofthistownofMansoulamostfamousandstatelypalace。Andthatpalaceandthetownimmediatelyarounditwerethemirrorandthegloryofallthatitsfounderandmakerhadevermade。Hispalacewashisverytop-piece。Itwasthemetropolitanofthewholeworldroundaboutit；andithadpositivecommissionandpowertodemandserviceandsupportofallaround。Yes。Andallthatisliterally，evidently，andactuallytrueofthehumanheart。Forallotherearthlythingsarecreatedandupheld，areorderedandadministered，withaneyetothehumanheart。Thehumanheartisthefinalcause，asourscholarswouldsay，ofabsolutelyallotherearthlythings。Earth，air，water；lightandheat；allthesuccessivelyexistingworlds，mineral，vegetable，animal，spiritual；grass，herbs，corn，fruit-trees，cattleandsheep，andallotherlivingcreatures；allareupheldfortheuseandthesupportofman。And，then，allthatisinmanhimselfisinhimfortheendandtheuseofhisheart。Allhisbodilysenses；allhisbodilymembers；everyfearfullyandwonderfullymadepartofhisbodyandofhismind；alladministertohisheart。Sheisthesovereignandsitssupreme。Andsheisworthyandisfullyentitledsotosit。Forthereisnothingontheearthgreaterorbetterthantheheart，unlessitistheCreatorHimself，whoplannedandexecutedtheheartforHimselfandnotforanotherwithHim。’Thebodyexists，’saysaphilosophicalbiologistofourday，’tofurnishthecerebralcentreswithpreparedfood，justasthevegetableworld，viewedbiologically，existstofurnishtheanimalworldwithsimilarfood。Thehigheristhelastformed，themostdifficult，andthemostcomplex；butitisjustthisthatismostpreciousandsignificant——allofwhichshowsHisunrollingpurpose。
　　Itisthelastthataloneexplainsallthatwentbefore，anditisthecomingthatwillaloneexplainthepresent。Godbeforeall，throughall，foreseeingall，andstillpreparingall；Godinallisprofoundlyevident。’Yes，profoundlyevidenttoprofoundminds，andexperimentallyandsweetlyevidenttoreligiousminds，andtorenewedandlovingandholyhearts。
　　2。Forfameandforstateapalace，whileforstrengthitmightbecalledacastle。Insufficientlyancienttimestheking’spalacewasalwaysacastlealso。David’spalaceonMountZionwasasmuchamilitaryfortressasaroyalresidence；andKingPriam’spalacewastheprotectionbothofitselfandofthewholeofthecountryaround。Inthosewildtimesgreatmenbuilttheirhousesonhighplaces，andthentheweakandendangeredpeoplegatheredaroundthestrongholdsofthepowerful，asweseeinourowncity。Ourownsteepandtoweringrockinvitedtoitstopthecastle-builderofaremoteage，andthentheexposedcountryaroundbegantogatheritselftogetherundertheshelterofthebourg。AndthusitisthatthemilitaryengineeringoftheHolyWarmakesthatoldallegoricalbookmostexcellenttoread，notonlyforcommonmenlikeyouandme，whoarebentonthefortificationandthedefenceofourownhearts，butforthemilitaryhistoriansofthoseoldtimesalso，fortheexpertsofto-dayalso，andforallgoodstudentsoffortification。AndtheNewTestamentoftheDivinepeaceitself，aswellastheOldTestamentsofullofthewarsoftheLord——theybothsupportandserveasanencouragementandanexampletoourspiritualauthorintheelaborationofhismilitaryallegory。EverygoodsoldierofJesusChristhasbyheartthenobleparadoxofPaultothePhilippians——thatthepeaceofGodwhichpassethallunderstandingshallkeeptheirheartsandmindsthroughChristJesus。LetGod’speace，hesays，beyourmanofwar。LetHissurpassingpeacedoboththeworkofwarandtheworkofpeacealsoinyourheartsandinyourminds。Letthatpeacebothfortifywithwalls，andgarrisonwithsoldiers，andwatcheverygate，andholdeverystreetandlaneofyourheartsandofyourmindsallaroundyourhearts。AndallthroughthePrinceofPeace，theCaptainofallHolyWar，JesusChristHimself。Nowonder，then，thatinastrength——inakindandinadegreeofstrength——thatpassethallunderstanding，thisstatelypalaceoftheheartisalsoherecalledawell-garrisonedcastle。
　　3。Andthenforpleasantnessthehumanheartisaperfectparadise。ForpleasantnessthehumanheartislikethosefamousroyalparksofNinevehandBabylonthatsprangupinafterdaysasiftorecoverandrestoretheGardenofEdenthathadbeenlosttothoseeasternlands。ButevenAdam’sownparadisewasbutapooroutsideimitationinearthandwater，inflowersandfruits，ofthefarbetterparadiseGodhadplantedwithinhim。TakeanotherMysticatthispointuponparadise。’Mydearman，’exclaimsJacobBehmen，’theGardenofEdenisnotparadise，neitherdoesMosessayso。Paradiseisthedivinejoy，andthatwasintheirownheartssolongastheystoodintheloveofGod。Paradiseisthedivineandangelicaljoy，purelove，purejoy，puregladness，inwhichthereisnofear，nomisery，andnodeath。Whichparadiseneitherdeathnorthedevilcantouch。Andyetithasnostonewallaroundit；onlyagreatgulfwhichnomanorangelcancrossbutbythatnewbirthofwhichChristspoketoNicodemus。Reasonasks，Whereisparadisetobefound？Isitfaroffornear？Isitinthisworldorisitabovethestars？Whereisthatdesirablenativecountrywherethereisnodeath？Beloved，thereisnothingneareryouatthismomentthanparadise，ifyouinclinethatway。Godbeckonsyoubackintoparadiseatthismoment，andcallsyoubynametocome。Come，Hesays，andbeoneofMyparadisechildren。
　　Inparadise，’theTeutonicPhilosophergoeson，’thereisnothingbutheartylove，ameekandagentlelove；amostfriendlyandmostcourteousdiscourse:agracious，amiable，andblessedsociety，wheretheoneisalwaysgladtoseetheother，andtohonourtheother。Theyknowofnomaliceinparadise，nocunning，nosubtlety，andnoslydeceit。ButthefruitsoftheSpiritofGodarecommonamongtheminparadise，andonemaymakeuseofallthegoodthingsofparadisewithoutcausingdisfavour，orhatred，orenvy，forthereisnocontraryaffectionthere，butallheartsthereareknittogetherinlove。Inparadisetheyloveoneanother，andrejoiceinthebeauty，loveliness，andgladnessofoneanother。Nooneesteemsoraccountshimselfmoreexcellentthananotherinparadise；buteveryonehasgreatjoyinanother，andrejoicesinanother’sfairbeauty，whencetheirlovetooneanothercontinuallyincreases，sothattheyleadoneanotherbythehand，andsofriendlykissoneanother。’ThustheblessedBehmensawparadiseandhaditinhisheartashesatoverhishammerandlapstoneinhissolitarystall。ForofsuchasJacobBehmenandJohnBunyanisthekingdomofheaven，andallsuchsaintlysoulshaveparadiserestoredagainandimproveduponintheirownhearts。
　　4。Andforlargenessaplacesocopiousastocontainalltheworld。Overagainsttheword’copious’Bunyanhangsforakey，Ecclesiastesthirdandeleventh；andunderitMissPeacockaddsthisasanote——’Copious，spacious。OldFrench，copieux；Latin，copiosus，plentiful。’Thehumanheart，aswehavealreadyreadto-
　　night，isthehighest，greatest，strongest，andnoblestpartofhumannature。Andsoitis。Fearfullyandwonderfullymadeasisthewholeofhumannature，thatfearandthatwondersurpassthemselvesinthespaciousnessandthecopiousnessofthehumanheart。Forwhatisitthatthehumanhearthasnotspacefor，andtospare？Afterthewholeworldisreceivedhomeintoahumanheart，thereisroom，and，indeed，hunger，foranotherworld，andafterthatforstillanother。Thesunis——Iforgethowmanytimesbiggerthanourwholeworld，andyetwecanopenourheartandtakedownthesunintoit，andshuthimoutagainandrestorehimtohisimmeasurabledistancesintheheavens，andallinthetwinklingofaneye。Asforinstance。AsIwrotetheselinesIreadareportofalecturebySirRobertBallinwhichthatdistinguishedastronomerdiscoursedonrecentsolardiscoveries。Aglobeofcoal，SirRobertsaid，asbigasourearth，andallsetablazeatthesamemoment，wouldnotgiveoutsomuchheattotheworldsaroundasthesungivesoutinathousandthpartofasecond。