"Atanyrate，Wobersnowpunctuallylooksinuponhim:seizeshisconsiderablestockofRussianproviants；hisbelligerentforce，hishighpersonitself；andinonelucklesshoursnuffshimoutfromthelistofpotentates。Hisbelligerentforce，about1，000Polacks，wereallcompelled，’bythecudgel，saymyauthorities，totakePrussianservice[ingarrisonregiments，andwellscatteredabout，Isuppose]；hisownhighpersonfounditselfsittinglockedinGlogau，lefttoitsreflections。Satthus’tilltheWarended，’saysome；certainlytilltheSulkowskiWarhadbeensufficientlyexplodedbythelaughterofmankind。"Hereare，succinctly，thedatesofthissmallmemorability:——
"EndofFebruary，Wobersnowgathers，atGlogau，aforceofabout8，000horseandfoot。Marches，24thFEBRUARY，overOderBridge，straightintoPoland；thatsamenight，totheneighborhoodofLissaandReisen（Sulkowski’sdominion），aboutthirtymilesnortheastofGlogau。Sulkowskidonenextday；——partofthecaptureis’fifteensmallguns。’Wobersnowgoes，next，forPosen；arrives，28thFEBRUARY；destroysRussianMagazine，ransomsJews。ShootsoutotherdetachmentsontheMagazineEnterprise；——detachesPlatenalongtheWarta，wherearepickedupvariousitems，amongothers’eightytunsofbrandy，’——buthimselfproceedsnofartherthanPosen。MARCH4th，setsoutagainfromPosen，homewards。"[NACHRICHTVONDER
UNTERNEHMUNGDESGENERAL—MAJORSVONWOBERSNOWINPOLEN，IMFEB。UND
MARZ。1759:inSeyfarth，Beylagen，ii。
526—529。Helden—Geschichte，v。829。]WeshallhearagainofWobersnow，inamuchmoreimportantway，beforelong。
TothePolishRepublicsocalled，Friedrichexplainedpolitely，notapologetically:"SinceyouallowtheRussianstomarchthroughyouinattackofme，itisevidenttoyourjustmindsthattheattackedpartymusthavesimilarprivilege。""Truly！"answeredthey，intheirjustminds，generally；andImadenocomplaintaboutSulkowski（thoughPolishMajestyandPrimateendeavoredtobeloudabout"Invasion"andthelike）:——andindeedPolishRepublicwaslying，foralongwhilepast，asifbroken—backed，onthepublichighway，aNationanarchiceveryfibreofit，andunderthefeetandhoofsoftravellingNeighbors，especiallyofRussianNeighbors；
andisnotnowcapableofsayingmuchforitselfinsuchcases，orofdoinganythingatall。
FRANKFURTCOUNTRY，APRIL13th:DUKEFERDINAND’SBATTLEOFBERGEN。
"DukeFerdinand，fullyawarewhatastrokethatseizureofFrankfurtwastohim，resolvedtoriskalongmarchatthisbadseason，andattempttodrivetheFrenchout。ContadeswasabsentinParis，——nofearofanattackfromContades’sArmy；Broglio’sinFrankfurt，grownnowtoabout35，000，canperhapsbebeatenifvigorouslyattacked。FerdinandappointsarendezvousatFulda，ofvariousCorps，PrinceYsenburg’sandothers，thatlienearest，Hessiansmanyofthem，Hanoveriansothers；proceeds，himself，toFulda，withafewattendants[adriveofabout200miles]；——havingleftLordGeorgeSackville[markthesadnameofhim！]——Sackville，headoftheEnglish，andGeneralSporken，aHanoverian，——totakechargeinMunsterCountry，duringhisabsence。ItwasfromFuldathatheshotouttheHereditaryPrinceonthatimportantErrandwelatelyspokeof，undertheheadof’BREAKAGESECOND，’——namely，toclearhisrightflank，andscaretheReichwelloffhim，whileheshouldbemarchingonFrankfurt。Allwhich，Henriassistingfromthedistance，theHereditaryPrinceperformedtoperfection，——andwasback（APRIL8th）inexcellenttimefortheBattle。
"FerdinandstayedhardlyadayinFulda，rankinghimselfandgettingontheroad。Didhislongmarchofabove100mileswithoutaccidentorlossoftime；——ofcourse，scaringhometheBroglioOutpostsinhasteenough，andawakeningBroglio’sattentioninahighdegree；——andarrives，Thursday，April12th，atWindecken，aVillageaboutfifteenmilesnortheastofFrankfurt；wherehepassesthenightunderarms；intendingBattleonthemorrow。Broglioisallassembled，35，000strong；hisAssailant，withtheHereditaryPrincecomein，countsratherunder30，000。Broglioispostedin，andonbothsidesof，Bergen，ahigh—lyingVillage，directlyonFerdinand’sroadtoFrankfurt。WindeckenisaboutfifteenmilesfromFrankfurt；Bergenaboutsix:——idleTouristsofourtime，ontheirreturnfromHomburgtothatCity，leaveBergenalittleontheirleft。Thegroundismerehills，woodydales，marshybrooks；
Broglio’sposition，withitsVillage，andHill，andravinesandadvantages，isthechoicestoftheregion；andBroglio’smethods，proceduresandarrangementsinitareapplaudedbyalljudges。
"FRIDAY，13thAPRIL，1759，Ferdinandisastirbydaybreak；comeson，alongoneofthosewoodyballeys，pickeering，reconnoitring；——
intheend，directlyuptheHillofBergen；straightuponthekey—point。Itisabout10A。M。，whenthebatteriesandmusketriesawakenthere；veryloudindeed，forperhapstwohoursormore。
PrincevonYsenburgisleaderofFerdinand’sattackingparty。
Theirattackishotandfierce，andtheysticktoitsteadily；
thoughgarden—hedges，orchardsandimpedimentsaremany，andBroglio，with，muchcannonhelping，makesvigorousdefence。
TheseYsenburgersfoughttilltheircartridgeswerenearlyspent，andYsenburghimselflaykilled；butcouldnottakeBergen。
NorcouldtheHereditaryPrince；who，inaidofthem，trieditinflank，withhisownusualimpetuosityrekindlingtheirs，andatfirstwithsomesuccess；butwashimselftakeninflankbyBroglio’sReserve，andobligedtodesist。NogettingofBergenbythatmethod。
"Militarycriticssaycoolly，’Youshouldhavesmasheditwellwithcannon，first[whichFerdinandhadnotinstockhere]；
andespeciallyhaveflunggrenadoesintoit，tillitwaswellinflame:impossibleotherwise！’[Mauvillon，ii。19。]TheYsenburgersandHereditaryPrincewithdraw。Nopursuitofthem；oralmostlessthannone；fortheoneortwoFrenchregimentsthattriedit（againstorder），nearlygotcutup。Broglio，likeaveryDaunatKolin，hadstrictlyforbiddenallsuchattempts:’Onnotemptationquityourground！’
"TheBattle，afterthis，layquietallafternoon；Ferdinandstillinsight；motioningmuch，totemptFrenchvalorintochasingofhim。Butallinvain:Broglio，thoughhissubalternskepturging，remonstrating，wasperemptorynottostir。Whereupon，towardsevening，acrosscertainwoodyHeights，perhapsstillwithsomehopeofdrawinghimout，FerdinandmadesomelanguidattemptonBroglio’swing，orwings；——andthisalsofailing，hadtogiveuptheaffair。Hecontinuedcannonadingtilldeepinthenight；
withdrewtoWindecken:andabouttwonextmorning，marchedforhome，——stillwithlittleornopursuit:butwithouthopeofFrankfurthenceforth。And，infact，hasapainfulSummerahead。
"Ferdinandhadlost5cannon，andofkilledandwounded2，500；
theFrenchcountedtheirlossatabout1，900。[Mauvillon，ii。
10—19；Tempelhof，iii。26—31。]ThejoyofFranceoverthisimmensevictorywasextraordinary。BrogliowasmadePrinceoftheReich，MarechaldeFrance；wouldhavebeenraisedtothestars，hadonebeenable，——forthetimebeing。’Andyourimmensevictory，’sosneeredtheby—standers，’consistsinnotbeingbeaten，underthoseexcellentconditions；——perhapsvictoryisararityjustnow！’"
ThisistheBattlewhichourBoy—FriendJohannWolfgangwatchedwithsuchinterest，fromhisgarret—window，hourafterhour；
allFrankfurtsimmeringroundhim，insuchawhirlpoolofself—
contradictoryemotions；tilltowardsevening，when，inlongrowsofcarts，poorwoundedHessiansandHanoverianscamejoltingin，andmeltedeveryheartintopity。intowailingsorrow，andeagernesstohelp。Alittlelater，PapaGoethe，steppingdownstairs，cameacrosstheOfficialFrenchGentleman；whosaidradiantly:"DoubtlessyoucongratulateyourselfandusonthisvictorytohisMajesty’sarms。""Notawhit（KEINESWEGS），"answersPapaGoethe，astiffkindofman，nowiseinthemoodofcongratulating:"onthecontrary，I
wishtheyhadchasedyoutotheDevil，thoughIhadhadtogotoo！"
Whichwasagreatrelieftohisfeelings，thoughadangerousoneinthecircumstances。[Goethe’sWERKE（StuttgartundTubingen，1829），xxiv。（DICHTUNGUNDWAHRHEIT，i。），153—157。]
BREAKAGETHIRD:OVERTHEMETALMOUNTAINSINTOBOHMEN（APRIL
14th—20th）。"Ferdinand’sBattlewashardlyending，whenPrinceHenripouredacrosstheMountains，——intwocolumns，Hulsenleadingtheinferiororrightmostone，——intoLeitmeritz—EgerCountry；
andmadeamostsuccessfulbusinessoftheAustrianMagazineshefoundthere。Magazinesallfilled；EnemyallgallopingforPrag:——
Daunhimself，whoissittingvigilant，farintheinterior，atJaromirtzthismonthpast，wasthrownintohugeflurry，forsomedays！SpeedyHenri（almostontheoneconditionofBEINGspeedy）
hadhisownwilloftheMagazines:burnt，Hulsenandhe，’about600，000poundsworth’ofAustrianprovenderinthoseparts，’whatwouldhavekept50，000menfivemonthsinbread’（nottomentionhayatall）；gavetheEnemysoreslaps（caughtabout3，000ofhim，NOTyetgotongallopforPrag）；burnthis200boatsontheElbe:——
forcedhimtobeginanewatthebeginning；anddid，ineffect，considerablylameandretardcertainofhisoperationsthroughtheSummer。SpeedyHenrimarchedforhomeApril20th；andwasallacrosstheMountainsApril23d:aprofitableswiftninedays。"
[Tempelhofiii。47—53；Helden—Geschichte，
v。963—966。]——Andonthesixthdayhencehewillhavesomethingsimilar，andstillmoreimportant，onfoot。Aswiftman，whenhemust！
BREAKAGEFOURTH:INTOMAHREN（APRIL16th—21st）。"ThisisFouquet’sattempt，alludedtoabove；ofwhich——aseveryreadermustbesatisfiedwithSmall—War——wewillgiveonlythedates。
Fouquet，rankingatLeobschutz，inNeisseCountry，didbreakthroughintoMahren，pushingtheAustriansbeforehim；butfoundtheMagazineseitheremptied，ortooinaccessibleforanyworththeyhad；——coulddonothingontheMagazines；andreturnedwithoutresult；homeatLeobschutzagainonthefifthday。"[
Helden—Geschichte，v。958—963；Tcmpelhof，iii。44—47。]
This，however，hadasequelforFouquet；which，asitbroughttheKinghimselfintothoseneighborhoods，weshallhavetomention，fartheron。
BREAKAGEFIFTH:INTOFRANKEN（MAY5th—JUNE1st）。"ThiswasPrinceHenri’sInvasionoftheBamberg—NurnbergCountries；amuchsharperthingthaninanyformerYear。Muchthemostfamous，and，"luckilyforus，"thelastoftheSmall—Waraffairsforthepresent。
Started，——fromTschopauregion，Bambergway，——April29th—May5th。
InThreeColumns:Finckleftmost，andforemost（FinckhadmarchedApril29th，pretendingtomeanforBohemia）；afterwhomKnobloch；
and（May5th）thePrincehimself。WhohasaneyetotheReichsMagazinesandPreparations，asusual；——nay，aneyetotheirCampofRendezvous，andtoafightwiththeirmiscellaneousSelvesandAuxiliaries，iftheywillstandfight。’YouwillhavetoleaveSaxony，andhelpuswiththeRussians，soon:beatthoseReichspeoplefirst！’urgedtheKing；’wellbeaten，theywillnottroubleSaxonyforawhile。’Iftheywillstandfight？Buttheywouldnotatall。Theystrucktheirtentseverywhere；burnttheirownMagazines，insomecases；andonlywentmazinghitherandthither，——gravitatingalluponNurnberg，andanimpregnableCampwhichtheyhaveinthatneighborhood。SupremeZweibruckwashimselfwiththem；
manyCroats，Austrians，ledbyMaguireandothers；allmarching，whirlingatamightyrate；withacountenancesometimesofvigor，butalwayswithNurnbergCampinrear。Therewasswiftmarching，reallybeautifulmanoeuvringhereandthere；sharpbitsoffighting，too，almostinthebattle—form:——Maguiretried，orwasfortrying，astrokewithFinck；butmadeoffhastily，gladtogetaway。[Templehof，iii。64。]May11th，atHimmelskroninBaireuth，oneRiedeseloftheirshadfairlytogroundarms，selfand2，500，andbecomeprisonersofwar。"MuchofthismanoeuvringandscufflingwasinBaireuthTerritory。Twice，oreventhrice，PrinceHenriwasinBaireuthTown:"marchedthroughBaireuth，"saythecarelessOldBooks。ThroughBaireuth:——NoWilhelminanowthere，withhertremulousmelodiesofwelcome！Wilhelminn’sloves，andterrorsforherloved，arenowallstill。PerhapsherpoorDaughterofWurtemberg，wanderingunjustlydisgraced，isthere；Papa，theWidowerMargraf，isformarryingagain:[Married20thSeptember，1759（aBrunswickPrincess，Sister’s—daughterofhislateWife）；
diedwithinfouryears。]——marchon，PrinceHenri！
"InBamberg，"saysaNotefromArchenholtz，"theReichstroopsburnttheirMagazine；andmadeforNurnberg，asusual；butleftsomethousandortwoofCroats，whowouldnotyet。KnoblochandhisPrussiansappearedshortlyafter；summonedBamberg，whichagreedtoreceivethem；andwerefortakingpossession；butfoundtheCroatsdeterminedotherwise。Fightensued；fightinthestreets；which，inhideousnessofnoises，ifinnothingelse，wasbeyondparallel。
Theinhabitantssatallquakingintheircellars；notaninhabitantwastobeseen:aCitydead，——andgivenuptothedemons，inthismanner。NotforsomehoursweretheCroatsgotentirelytrampledout。Bamberg，asusual，becameaPrussianplace—of—arms；
waschargedtopayransomof40，000pounds；——’cannotpossibly！’——
didpaysome14，000pounds，andgavebillsfortheremainder。"
[Archenholtz。i。371—373。]Whichbills，letusmarkwithal，theKaiserinReichsDietdecreedtobeinvalid:"Don’tpaythem！"
AthingnotforgottenbyFriedrich；——thoughitisunderstoodtheBambergers，lestworsemighthappen，privatelypaidtheirbills。
"TheExpeditionlasted，inwhole，notquitefourweeks:June1st，PrinceHenriwasattheSaxonfrontieragain；theGermanworldallringingloud，——injubilation，counter—jubilationandagreatvarietyoftones，——withthenoiseofwhathehaddone。Asharpswiftman；and，sureenough，hasflutteredtheReichsVolsciansintheirCoriolitoanunexpecteddegree。"[Seyfarth，
Beylagen，ii。537—563；BERICHTVONDERUNTERNEHMUNG
DESPRINZENHEINRICHINFRANKEN，IMJAHR，1759；Helden—
Geschichte，v。1033—1039；Tempelhof，？？？？，etseq。]
———COPYILLEGIBLE。PAGE203，BOOKXIX—————————————^^^——
AColonelWunsch（Lieutenant—ColoneloftheFreeCorpsWUNSCH）
distinguishedhimselfinthisExpedition；Thebeginningofnotablygreatthingstohiminthefewfollowingmonths。WunschisaWurtembergerbybirth；hasbeeninmanyservices，alwaysinsubalternposts，and，thisyear，willtestifystrangelyhowworthyhewasofthehigher。WhataYear，thisof1759，tostoutoldWunsch！IntheSpring，herehashejustseenhispoorson，LieutenantWunsch，perishinoneofthesescuffles；inAutumn，hewillseehimselfaGeneral，shiningsuddenlybright，tohisKingandtoalltheworld；beforeWinter，hewillbePrisonertoAustria，andeclipsedfortherestofthiswar！——Kleist，oftheGREENHUSSARS，alsomadeafigurehere；andonwardsrapidlyeverhigher；tothetopofrenowninhisbusiness:——fallenheirtoMayer’splace，asitwere。ANotesays:"PoorMayeroftheFreeCorpsdoesnotridewiththePrinceonthisoccasion。
Mayer，dangerouslyworndownwiththehardservicesoflastYear，andhimselfamanoftoosleeplesstemper，caughtafeverintheNew—yeartime；anddiedwithinfewdays:burntawaybeforehistime；muchregrettedbyhisBrethrenoftheArmy，andsomefewothers。Goneinthisway；withahighcareerjustopeningonhimatthelonglast！MayerwasofAustrian，ofhalfSpanishbirth；
amusical，reallymelodious，affectionate，butindignant，wildlystormfulmortal；andhadhadadventureswithoutend。Somethingofpathos，oftragedy，inthewildLifeofhim。[Stillworthreading:
inPauli（ouroldwateryBRANDENBURG—HISTORYFriend）。
LebengrosserHelden（Halle，1759—1764，9vols。），iii。
142—188；——muchthebestPieceinthatstillratherwatery（orwindy）Collection，which，however，isauthentic，andhassometolerablePortraits。]Amanofconsiderablegenius，militaryandother:——geniusinthesleeplesskind，whichisnotthebestkind；
sometimesaverybadkind。ThefameofFriedrichinvitessuchpeoplefromallsidesoftheworld；andthiswasnodoubtasensiblehelptohim。"——Butenoughofallthis。
Here，surely，isabundanceofpreliminarySmall—War，onthepartofaFriedrichreducedtothedefensive！——Fouquet’sSequel，hintedatabove，wastothiseffect。OnFouquet’sfailingtogetholdoftheMoravianMagazines，andreturningtohisPostatLeobschutz，acertainrashGeneralDeville，whoisAustrianchiefinthoseparts，hastilyrushedthroughtheJagerndorfHills，andinvadedFouquet。
Onlyforafewdays；andhadverybadsuccess，inthatbitofretaliation。TheKing，whoisinLandshut，inthemiddleofhismaincantonments，hastenedovertoLeobschutzwithreinforcementtoFouquet；inthethoughtthatafinishing—strokemightbedoneonthisDeville；——andwouldhavedoneit，hadnottherashmanplungedoffagain（May1st，orthenightbefore）；homewards，atfullspeed。
SothatFriedrich，likewiseatfullspeed，couldcatchnothingofhim；butmerelycannonadehiminthePassesofZuckmantel，andcutoffhisrear—guardofCroats。PoorforlornofCroats，whomhehadleftinsomebushyChasm；togainhimalittletime，andthentoperishifTHEYmust！asTempelhofremarks。[Tempelhof，iii。56。]
UponwhichFriedrichreturnedtoLandshut；andFouquethadpeaceagain。
ItwasfromthisLandshutregion，wherehismaincantonmentsare，thatFriedrichhadwitnessedalltheseInroads，orallexcepttheveryearliestofthem；thefirstErfurtone，andtheWobersnow—
Sulkowski。HehadquittedBreslauintheendofMarch，andgonetohiscantonments；quickenedthither，probably，byastrokethathadbefallenhimatGriefenberg，onhisSilesiansideoftheCordon。
AtGriefenbergstoodtheBattalionDuringshofen，withitsColonelofthesamename，——grenadierpeopleofgoodquality，perhapsnear1，000inwhole。WhichBattalion，GeneralBeck，afterlongpreliminarystudyofit，fromhisBohemianside，——marchingstealthilyonit，onenight（March25—26th），bytwoormoreroads，with8，000men，andmuchpreliminaryCroat—work，——contrivedtoenvelopwholly，andcarryoffwithhim，beforehelpcouldcomeup。
This，Isuppose，hadquickenedFriedrich’sarrival。Hehasbeeninthatregioneversince，——inLandshutforthelastweekortwo；
andreturnsthitheraftertheDevilleaffair。
AndatLandshut，——whichisthemainPassintoBohemiaorfromit，andisthegrandobservatory—pointatpresent，——hewillhavetoremaintillthefirstdaysofJuly；almostthreemonths。
Watching，andwaitingonthetediousDaun，whohastheliftingofthecurtainthisYear！DaunhadcometoJaromirtz，tohiscantonments，"March24th"（almostsimultaneouslywithFriedrichtohis）；expectingFriedrich’sInvasion，asusual。LongdayssatDaun，expectingtheKinginBohemia:——"Theregoeshe，atlast！"thoughtDaun，onPrinceHenri’slateflamyappearancethere（BREAKAGETHIRD
welabelledit）；——andDaunhadhastilypushedaDivisionthitherward，double—quick，tosecurePrag；butfounditwasonlytheMagazines。"Abovefourmillionsworth[600，000pounds，countingtheTHALERSintosterling]，abovefourmillionsworthofbreadandforagegonetoashes，andtheveryboatsburnt？Well；thepoorReichsfolk，orourpoorAuxiliariestothem，willhaveemptyhaversacks:——butitisnotPrag！"thinksDaun。
AtwhatexactpointoftimeDauncametoseethatFriedrichwasnotintendingInvasion，andwould，onthecontrary，requiretobeinvaded，Idonotknow。ButitmusthavebeenaninterestingdiscoverytoDaun，ifheforeshadowedtohimselfwhatresultsitwouldhaveonhim:"Takingthedefensive，then？Andwhatistobecomeofone’sCunctatorshipinthatcase！"Yes，truly。
Cunctatorshipisnotnowthetradeneeded；thereisnothingtobemadeofplayingFabius—Cunctator:——andDaun’sfamehenceforthisadiminishingquantity。TheBookssayhe"wastedabovefiveweeksincorrespondingwiththeRussianGenerals。"Infact，hehadnowweeksenoughonhand；beingarticulatelyresolved（andevencommandedbyKriegshofrath）todonothingtilltheRussianscameup；——andalso（INarticulatelyandbycommandofNature）todoaslittleaspossibleafter！ThisYear，andindeedallyearsfollowing，theRussiansaretobeDaun’sbestcard。
Waitingforthreemonthsheretillthecurtainrose，itwasFriedrichthathadtoplayCunctator。Awearisometasktohim，weneednotdoubt。Buthediditwithanxiousvigilance；everthinkingDaunwouldtrysomething，eitheronPrinceHenrioronhim，andthatthePlaywouldbegin。ButthePlaydidnot。TherewasendlessscufflingandbickeringofOutposts；muchhitchingandcounter—
hitching，alongthatBohemian—SilesianFrontier，——Daungraduallyhitchingup，leftwards，northwards，tobenearerhisRussians；
Friedrichcounter—hitching，and，intheend，detachingagainsttheRussians，astheyapproachedinactuality。Thedetailsofallwhichwouldbreakthetoughestpatience。NottillJulycame，hadbothpartiesgotintotheLausitz；DaunintoanimpregnableCampnearMark—Lissa（inGorlitzCountry）；Friedrich，oppositeandeastwardofhim，intoanotheratSchmottseifen:——stillafterwhich，astheRussiansstillwerenotcome，thehitching（ifwecouldconcernourselveswithit），themazeofstrategicshufflingandcounter—
dancing，astheRussiansgetnearer，willbecomemoreintricatethanever。
ExceptthatofGeneralBeckonBattalionDuringshofen，——ifthatwasmeantasretaliatory，andwasnotratheranoriginalityofBeck’s，whoisexpertatsuchstrokes，——Daun，inreturnforalltheseinjuriousAssaultsandBreakages，triedlittleornoretaliation；
andgotabsolutelynone。Devilleattemptedonce，aswesaw；
Loudononce，asperhapsweshallsee:butbothprovedfutile。
Forthepresentabsolutelynone。NextYearindeed，Loudon，onFouquetatLandshut——Butletusnotanticipate！JustbeforequittingLandshutforSchmottseifen，FriedrichhimselfrodeintoBohemia，tolookmorenarrowly；andheldTrautenau，atthebottomofthePass，foradayortwo——ButthereaderhashadenoughofSmall—War！OfthepresentLoudonattempt，Friedrich，writingtoBrotherHenri，whoisjusthomefromhisFranconianInvasion（BREAKAGEFIFTH），hasacasualword，whichwewillquote。
"Reich—Hennersdorf"isbelowLandshut，fartherdownthePass；
"Liebau"stillfartherdown，——andits"Gallows，"doubtless，isonsomeknollintheenvirons！
REICH—HENNERSDORF，9thJUNE。"Mycongratulationsontheexcellentsuccessyouhavehad[outinFrankenlandyonder]！Yourprisoners，wehear，are3，000；thedesertionandconfusionintheReichsArmyareaffirmedtobeenormous:——IgivethoseReichsfellowstwogoodmonths[scarcelytooksolong]tobeinaconditiontoshowfaceagain。Asforourselves，Icansendyounothingbutcontemptibilities。WehaveneveryethadthebeatificvisionofHimwiththeHatandConsecratedSword[PapalDaun，thatis]；
theyamuseuswiththeSieurLoudoninstead；——who，threedaysago[7thJuly，twodays]didusthehonorofavisit，attheGallowsofLiebau。Hewasconductedoutagain，withallthepolitenessimaginable，ontonearSchatzlar，"wellovertheBohemianBorder；
"whereweflungascoreofcannonvolleysintothe"——intothe"DERRIEREofhim，andeverybodyreturnedhome。"[InSCHONING，ii。
65:"9thJune，1759。"]
PerhapstheonlypointsnownoticeableinthistediousLandshutinterim，areTwo，hardlynoticedthenatallbyanexpectantworld。
Thefirstis:ThatintheKing’slittleinroaddowntoTrautenau，justmentioned，fourcannondrawnbyhorseswerepartoftheKing’sfightinggear，——thefirstappearanceofHorseArtilleryintheworld。"Averygreatinvention，"saysthemilitarymind:"gunsandcarriagesarelight，andmadeofthebestmaterialforstrength；
thegunnersallmountedaspostilionstothem。Canscouralong，overhillanddale，whereverhorsecan；andburstout，onthesudden，wherenobodywasexpectingartillery。Devisedin1758；
readythisYear，fourlightsix—pounders；triedfirstintheKing’sraiddowntoTrautenau[June29th—30th]。Onlyfourpiecesasyet。
Butthesedidsowell，therewereyearlymore。ImitatedbytheAustrians，andgraduallybyalltheworld。"[Seyfarth，ii。543。]
Thesecondfactis:ThatHerrGuichard（AuthorofthatfineBookontheWar—methodsoftheGreeksandRomans）isstillaboutFriedrich，ashehasbeenforaboveayearpast，ifreadersremember；
and，duringthosetediousweeks，isadmittedtoagreatdealofconversationwiththeKing。ReaderswillconsenttothisNoteonGuichard；andthisshallbeourultimatumonthewearisomeThreeMonthsatLandshut。
MAJORQUINTUSICILIUS。"GuichardisbybirthaMagdeburger，agenowthirty—four；asolidstaidman，withagooddealofhardfacultyinhim，andofcultureunusualforasoldier。Ahandy，sagacious，learnedandintelligentman；whomFriedrich，inthecourseofayear’sexperience，hasgrowntoseewillinglyabouthim。ThereissomethingofpositiveinGuichard，ofstiffand，asitwere，GRITTY，whichmighthaveoffendedaweakertaste；butFriedrichlikestheruggedsenseoftheman；hisrealknowledgeoncertaininterestingheads；andtheprecisionwithwhichtheknownandthenotrightlyknownaredividedfromoneanother，inGuichard。
"Guichard’sbusinessabouttheKinghasbeenmiscellaneous，notworthmentionhitherto；buttoappearancewaswelldone。Oftalktheyarebeginningtohavemoreandmore；especiallyatLandshuthere，inthesedaysofwaiting；agreatdealoftalkontheWarsoftheAncients，Guichard’sBooknaturallyleadingtothatsubject。
Onenight，datableaccidentallyabouttheendofMay，thetopichappenedtobePharsalia，andtheexcellentconductofacertainCenturionoftheTenthLegion，who，seeingPompey’speopleabouttotakehiminflank，suddenlyflunghimselfintoobliqueorder[SCHRAGESTELLUNG，aswedidatLeutheu]，therebyoutflankingPompey’speople，andruiningtheirmanoeuvreandthem。’Adexterousman，thatQuintusIciliustheCenturion！’observedFriedrich。’Ah，yes:butexcuseme，yourMajesty，hisnamewasQuintusCaecilius，’
saidGuichard。’No，itwasIcilius，’saidtheKing，positivetohisopiniononthatsmallpoint；whichGuichardhadnotthearttoletdrop；though，exceptassertionandcounter—assertion，whatcouldbemadeofitthere？Orofwhatusewasitanywhere？
"Nextday，Guichardcamewiththebook[what"Book"nobodywouldeveryettellme]，andputtinghisfingeronthepassage，’See，yourMajesty:QuintusCAEcilius！’extinguishedhisroyalopponent。
’Hm，’answeredFriedrich:’so？——Well，youshallbeQuintusIcilius，atanyrate！’AndstraightwayhadhimenteredontheArmyBooks’asMajorQuintusIcilius；’hisMajorshipistobedated’10thApril，1758’（togivehimseniority）；andfromandafterthis’26thMay，1759，’heistocommandthelateDuVerger’sFree—Battalion。
Allwhichwasdone:——theWar—OfficessomewhatastonishedatsuchadventofanantiqueRomanamongthem；butwritingasbidden，thehandbeingplain，andthemananundeniablearticle。Onwardfromwhichtimethereisalwaysa’BattalionQuintus’ontheirBooks，insteadofBattalionDuVerger；bydegreestwoBatallionsQuintus，andatlengththree，andQuintusbecomeaColonel:——atwhichpointtheWarended；andthethreeFree—BattalionsQuintus，likeallothersofthesametype，weredischarged。"ThisistheauthenticoriginofthenewnameQuintus，whichGuichardgot，toextinctionoftheold；substantiallythis，asderivedfromQuintushimself，——
thoughintheprecisedetailsofitthereareobscurities，neveryetsolvedbythelearned。Nicolai，forexample，thoughhehadthestoryfromQuintusinperson，whowashisfamiliaracquaintance，andoftencametoseehimatBerlin，doesnot，withhisusualpunctuality，say，norevenconfessthathehasforgotten，whatBookitwasthatQuintusbroughtwithhimtoconfutetheKingontheirIcilius—Caeciliuscontroversy；Nicolaionlysays，thathe，forhispart，inthefieldsofRomanLiteratureandHistory，knowsonlythreeQuintus—Iciliuses，notoneofwhomisoftheleastlikelihood；andinfact，intheabovesummary，IhavehadtoINVERT
myNicolaiononepoint，tomakethestorysticktogether。
[Nicolai，Anekdoten，vi。129—145。]
"Quintushadbeenbredfortheclericalprofession；carefully，atvariousUniversities，Leydenlastofall；andhadevenpreached，ascandidateforlicense，——Ihopewithmoderateorthodoxy；——thoughhesoonrenouncedthatcareer。Exchangeditforlearnedandvigorousgeneralstudy，withaneyetosomeCollegeProfessorshipinstead。
Hewasstillhardlytwenty—three，when，in1747，thenewStadtholder，"PrinceofOrange，whomweusedtoknow，"whohadhiseyeuponhimasayouthofmerit，graciouslyundertooktogethimplacedatUtrecht，inavacancywhichhadjustoccurredthere，——
whitherthePrincewasjustbound，onsomeceremonialvisitofahighnature。ThegladQuintus，atthattimeGuichardandlittlethinkingofsuchanalias，hastenedtosetoffinthePrince’strain；butcouldgetnoconveyance，suchwasthepressofpeopleallforUtrecht。Anddidnotarrivetillnextday，——andfoundquarter，withdifficulty，inthegarretofsomeoverflowingInn。
"InthelowerstoriesofhisInn，solitaryGuichard，whennightfell，heardaspecificGAUDEAMUSgoingon；andinquiredwhatitwas。’AcompanyofProfessors，handsellinganewlyappointedProfessor；’——appointed，asthenextquestiontaught，totheveryChairpoorQuintushadcomefor！SereneHighnesscouldnothelphimself；theUtrechtersweresobentonthething。Quintuslayawake，allnight，inhistruckle—bed；andgloomilyresolvedtohavedonewithProfessorships，andbecomeasoldier。’IfyourSereneHighnessdostillfavorme，’saidQuintusnextday，’Isolicit，astheonehelpforme，anensign’scommission！’——Andpersistedrigorously，inspiteofallcounsellings，promisesandoutlooksontheprofessorialsideofthings。SothatSereneHighnesshadtogranthimhiscommission；andQuintuswasasoldierthenceforth。
Fought，moreorless，inthesadremainderofthatCumberland—SaxeWar；andafterthePeaceof1748continuedintheDutchservice。
Where，loathtobeidle，hegothislearnedBooksoutagain，andtooktostudyingthoroughlytheAncientArtofWar。Afteryearsofthis，ithadgrownsohopefulthatheproceededtoaBookuponit；
and，bydegrees，determinedthathemustgettocertainLibrariesinEngland，beforefinishing。In1754，onfurlough，graciouslyallowedandcontinued，hecametoLondonaccordingly；finishedhismanuscriptthere（printedattheHague1757[MemoiresMilitairessurles&c。（aLaHaye，1757:2vols。
4to）；——wasinthe5theditionwhenIlastheardofit。]）:andnewWarhavingnowbegun，wentover（probablywithEnglishintroductions）asvolunteertoDukeFerdinand。ByDukeFerdinandhewasrecommendedtoFriedrich，thegoalofallhisefforts，asofeveryvagrantsoldier’sinthosetimes:——andhereatlast，asQuintusIcilius，hehasfoundpermanentbillet，aBattalionandgraduallythreeBattalions，andwillnotneedtoroamanyfarther。
"Theysay，whatisverycredible，thatQuintusprovedanactive，stoutandeffectualsoldier，inhiskind；andperhapswemayhearofsomeofhissmall—waradventuresbyandby:thathewasastudious，hard—headed，well—informedman，andhadwrittenanexcellentBookonhissubject，isstillabundantlyclear。
ReadersmaylookinthefamousGibbon’sAutobiography，orstillbetterintheGuichardBookitself，iftheywantevidence。ThefamousGibbonwasdrillingandwheeling，verypeaceablyindeed，intheHampshireMilitia，inthosewildyearsofEuropeanWar。HampshireMilitiaservedaskey，orglossaryinasort，tothisnewBookofGuichard’s，whichGibboneagerlyboughtandstudied；andit，wasGuichard，ALIASQuintusIcilius，whotaughtGibbonallheeverknewofAncientWar，atleastalltheteachingheeverhadofit，forhisrenownedDECLINEANDFALL。"
[SeeGibbon’sWorks（4to，London，1796:
MemoirsofmyLifeandWritings），i。97；
and（ExtraitsdemesLectures），ii。52—54，ofdatesMay14th—26th，1762，——duringwhichdaysGibbonisengagedinactualreadingoftheMemoiresMilitaires；
andalreadyknowstheAuthorbyhisALIASofQuintusIcilius，"amanofeminentsagacityandinsight，whowasintheDutch，andisnow，Ibelieve，inthePrussianservice。"
ItwasinthelastdaysofJunethatDaun，aftermanylitchings，gotintomoredecisivegeneralmovementnorthward；andslowlybutsteadilyplantedhimselfatMark—LissaintheLausitz:uponwhich，aftersomesurveyofthephenomenon，FriedrichgottoSchmottseifen，oppositehim，July10th。Friedrich，onnoticingsuchstir，hadriddendowntoTrautenau（June29th—30th），newHorse—
Artilleryattending，tolookcloserintoDaun’saffairs；
and，seeingwhattheywere，hadthereuponfollowed。Aboveamonthbeforethis，FriedrichhaddetachedaconsiderableforceagainsttheRussians，——GeneralDohna，ofwhominnextChapter:——andbothDaunandheagainsitwaiting，tilltheyseefarther。
RapidFriedrichisobligedtowait；watchingDaunandtheDohna—
Russianadventure:slowDaunwillcontinuetowaitandwatchthere，longweeksandmonths，afterthatissettled，thatandmuchelse，fullytohismind！EachisinhisimpregnableCamp；andeach，Daunespecially，hashisDivisionsandDetachmentshoveringroundhim，nearorfar，ondifferentstrategicerrands；eachMain—Camplikeaplanetwithvariousmoons——Mark—Lissaespecially，akindofsunwithplanetsandcometsandplanetarymoons:——ofwhoseintricatemotionsandcounter—motions，mostlyunimportanttous，wepromisedtotakenonotice，infaceofsuchacrisisjustathand。
Bythe6thofJuly，slowDaunhadgothitchedintohisCampofMark—Lissa；andfourdaysafter，Friedrichattendinghim，wasinSchmottseifen:whereagainwaspause；andtherepassednothingmentionable，evenonFriedrich’sscore；andtillJulywasjustending，thecurtaindidnotfairlyrise。PanseofabovetwoweeksonFriedrich’spart，andofalmostthreemonthsonDaun’s。
Mark—Lissa，animpregnableCamp，isontheLausitzBorder；
withSaxony，Silesia，Bohemiaallconverginghereabouts，andBrandenburgitselfinthevicinity，——thereisnotabetterplaceforwaitingonevents。Here，accordingly，tillwelloninSeptember，Daunsatimmovable；notevenhitchingnow，——onlyshootingoutDetachments，planetary，cometary，atagreatrate，chieflyonhisvariousRussianerrands。
Daun，aswesaid，hadbeenuncomfortablysurprisedtofind，bydegrees，thatInvasionwasnotFriedrich’splanthisYear；thatthedramaticpartsareredistributed，andthattheplayingofFabius—
Cunctatorwillnotnowserveone’sturn。Daun，whomaywellbeloathtobelievesuchathing，clingstohisoldpart，andseemsverylazytoriseandtryanother。Infact，hedoesnotrise，properlyspeaking，ortakeuphisnewpartatall。ThisYear，andallthefollowing，hewaitscarefullytilltheRussianLioncome；
willthenendeavortoassist，——orevendojackal，whichwillbesaferstill。TheRussiansheintendsshallactlion；hehimselfmodestlyplayingthesubalternbutmuchsaferpart！Diligenttoflatterthelion；willprovidehimguidances，andfractionalsustenances，inviewofthecominghunt；willeatthelion’sleavings，oncethepreyisslaughtered。Thisreallywas，insomesort，Daun’syearlygame，solongasitwouldlast！——
Julyending，andthecurtainfairlyrisen，weshallhavetolookatFriedrichwithourbesteyesight。Preparatorytowhich，thereis，onFriedrich’spart，eversincethemiddleofJune，thisAnti—
RussianDohnaadventuregoingon:——ofwhich，atfirst，andtillaboutthetimeofgettingtoSchmottseifen，hehadgreathopes；
great，thoughoflaterapidlysinkingagain:——intowhichwemustfirstthrowaglance，asproperlytheopeningscene。
FouquethasbeenleftatLandshut，shouldtheDaunremnantsstillinBohemiathinkofinvading。FouquetisaboutrootinghimselfratherfirmlyintothatimportantPost；fortifyingvariousselectHillsroundLandshut，withredoubts，curtains，communications；
soastokeepwardthere，inexpugnabletoamuchstrongerforce。
Thereforaboutayear，withoccasionalshortsallies，onerrandsthatarise，Fouquetsatsuccessfullyvigilant；resistingtheDevilles，Becks，Harsches；protectingGlatzandthePassesofSilesia:inaboutayearweshallhearofhisfortunesworsening，andofagreatcatastrophetohiminthatLandshutPost。
FriedrichallowedtheReichsfolk"twogoodmonths，"afterallthatflurryingandhavocdoneonthem，"beforetheycouldshowfaceinSaxony。"Theydidtakeaboutthattime；andwouldhavetakenmore，hadnotPrinceHenribeencalledawaybyotherpressingoccasionsinFriedrich’sownneighborhood；andSaxony，foragoodwhile（endofJunetobeginningofSeptember），beenleftalmostbareofPrussiantroops。WhichencouragestheReichsArmytohurryafieldinveryunpreparedcondition，——stillratherwithinthetwomonths。
EndofJuly，LightpeopleofthempushacrosstoHalberstadtorHalleCountry；andareraisingContributions，andplunderingdiligently，ifnothingelse。Ofwhichwecantakenonoticefarther:ifthereadercanrecollectit，well；ifnot，alsowell。
ThepoorReichsArmynominallymakesafigurethisYear，butnominallyonly；theeffectivepartofit，nowandhenceforth，beingAustrianAuxiliaries，andtheReichspartasflaccidandinsignificantasever。
PrinceHenri’scalltoquitSaxonywasthis。Daun，amongthenumerousDetachmentshewasmaking，ofwhichwecantakenonotice，hadshotoutTwo（ratherofCOMETARYtype，touseouroldfigure），——whicheveryreadermusttrytokeepinmind。TwoDetachments，veryconsiderable:Haddick（whogrewatlastto20，000），andLoudon（16，000）；whoarehoveringaboutmysteriouslyovertheLausitz；——
intendingwhat？Theirintention，Friedrichthinks，especiallyHaddick’sintention，maybetowardsBrandenburg，andevenBerlin:
whereforehehassummonedHenritolookafterit。Henri，restingincantonmentsaboutTschopauandDresden，afterthelatefatigues，andidleforthemoment，hastenstoobey；andisinBautzenneighborhood，fromabouttheendofJuneandonward。SufficientlyattentivetoHaddickandLoudon:whomakenoattemptonBrandenburg；havingindeed，asFriedrichgraduallysees，andasallofusshallsoonsee，averydifferentobjectinview！——
ChapterII。
GENERALDOHNA；DICTATORWEDELL:BATTLEOFZULLICHAU。
TheRussianLion，urgedbyViennaandVersailles，madehisentry，thisYear，earlierthanusual，——comingnowwithinwindofMark—
Lissa，aswesee；——andhasstirredDaunintomotion，Daunandeverybody。FromthebeginningofApril，theRussians，hibernatingintheinteriorpartsofPoland，wereawake，andgettingslowlyunderway。April24th，theVanguardof10，000quittedThorn；
June1st，VanguardisinPosen；followedbyaFirstDivisionandaSecond，eachof30，000。Theycalledit"SoltikofcrossingtheWeichselwith100，000men；"but，exclusiveoftheCossackswarms，therewerenotabove76，000regulars:norwasSoltikoftheirCaptainjustatfirst；ouroldfriendFermorwas，andcontinuedtobetillSoltikof，inaprivatecapacity，reachedPosen（June29th），andproducedhisnewcommission。AtFermor’sownrequest，asFermorpretended，——whowasskilledinPetersburgpolitics，andwithacheerfulfaceservedthenceforthasSoltikof’ssecond。
AtPosen，asontheroadthither，theyfindSulkowski’sandtheotherburntprovendersabundantlyreplaced:itisevidenttheyintend，inconcertwithDaun，toencloseFriedrichbetweentwofires，anddosomethingconsiderable。WhetheronBrandenburgorSilesia，isnotyetknowntoFriedrich。Friedrich，sincethetimetheycrossedWeichsel，hasgiventhemhisbestattention；andmorethanoncehashadschemesontheirMagazinesandthem，——onceanewandbiggerSchemeactuallyafoot，underWobersnowagain，ourAnti—
Sulkowskifriend；butwasobligedtoturntheforceelsewhither，onalarmsthatrose。Hehimselfcannotquitthecentreofthework；
histaskbeingtowatchDaun，andespecially，shouldDaunattemptnothingelse，topreventjunctionofSoltikofandhim。
Daunstillliestorpid，ormerelyhitchingabout；butnowwhentheRussiansareapproachingPosen，andthecasebecomespressing，Friedrich，asisusualtohim，drawsupontheAnti—Swedishresource，upontheForcehehasinPommern。Thatistosay，ordersGeneralDohna，whohastheSwedeswelldriveninatpresent，toquitStralsundCountry，toleavetheineffectualSwedeswithsomeverysmallattendance；andtomarch——withcertainreinforcementsthatarearriving（Wobersnowalready，Hulsenwith10，000outofSaxonyinfewdays）——directagainsttheRussians；andatoncegoinuponthem。TrytoburntheirMagazinesagain；or，equallygood，tofallvigorouslyonsomeoftheirseparateDivisions，andcutthemoffinthevagrantstate；——aboveall，tobevigorous，berapid，sharp，anddosomethingeffectualinthatquarter。ThesewereDohna’sInstructions。Dohnahas18，000；Hulsen，withhis10，000，isindustriouslystridingforward，fromthefarthersideofSaxony；
Wobersnow，withatleasthisownfinehead，isalreadythere。
Friedrich，watchingintheAnti—Junctionposition，readyfortheleastchancethatmayturnup。
Dohnamarchedaccordingly；butwasnothinglikerapidenough:
anoldman，ofteninillhealthtoo；andnodoubtplentyofimpedimentsabouthim。HeconsumedsometimerallyingatStargard；
twelvedaysmoreatLandsberg，ontheWarta，settlinghisprovisionmatters:infine，didnotgettoPosenneighborhoodtillJune23d，threeweeksaftertheRussianVanguardof10，000hadfixeditselfthere，andotherRussianpartiesweredailydroppingin。Dohnawas15，000，aWobersnowwithhim:hadhegoneatonceonPosen，asWobersnowurged，itisthoughthemightperhapshaveruinedthisVanguardandtheRussianMagazine；whichwouldhavebeenofsignalservicefortheremainingCampaign。ButhepreferredwaitingforHulsenandthe10，000，whodidnotarriveforsevenoreightdaysmore；bywhichtimeSoltikofandmostoftheRussianDivisionshadgotin；——andtheworkwasbecomeasgoodashopeless，onthoselanguidterms。DohnadidtryupontheMagazine，saidtobeillguardedinsomeSuburbofPosen；crossedtheWartawiththatview，foundnoMagazine；recrossedtheWarta；andwentmanoeuvringabout，unabletodotheleastgoodonSoltikoforhisMagazinesoroperations。FriedrichwasstillinLandshutregion，justaboutquittingit，——juststartingonthatlittleTrautenauExpedition，withhisFourPiecesofHorse—Artillery（June29th），whenthefirstillnewsofDohnacamein；whichgreatlydisappointedFriedrich，andwerefollowedbyworse，insteadofbetter。
Theendwas，Soltikof，beingnowallready，windedhimselfoutofPosenoneday，veiledbyCossacks；and，toDohna’shorror，hadgot，orwasintheactofgetting，betweenDohnaandBrandenburg；
whichnecessitatednewdifficultmanoeuvresfromDohna。
Soltikoftoocanmanoeuvrealittle:Soltikofedgessteadilyforward；makingforCrossen—on—Oder，whereheexpectstofindAustrians（HaddickandLoudon，ifFriedrichcouldyetguessit），with30，000odd，especiallywithprovision，whichiswearingscarcewithhim。TwiceorsotherewasstillaprettyopportunityforDohnaonhim；butDohnanevercouldresolveaboutitintime。
BackandeverbackgoesDohna；facingSoltikof；butalwayshitchingback；latterlyinBrandenburgground，theRussiansandhe；——havingnoprovision，heeither。Infine，July17th（oneweekafterFriedrichhadgottoSchmottseifen），DohnafindshimselfatthelittleTownofZullichau（barelyintimetosnatchitbeforeSoltikofcould），withinthirtymilesofCrossen；andnothingbutfutilitybehindandbefore。[Tempelhof，iii，78—88；
Helden—Geschichte，v。835—847。]
WecanimagineFriedrich’sdailysurveyofallthis；hisgloomycalculationswhatitwillsoonamounttoifitlast。HehasnownoWinterfeld，Schwerin，noKeith，Retzow，Moritz:——whomhashe？
HisnoblestCaptainsareallgone；hemustputupwiththelessnoble。OneWedell，Lieutenant—General，hadlatelyrecommendedhimselftotheroyalmindbyactionsofapromptdaring。Theroyalmind，disgustedwiththeseDohnahagglings，andinabsolutenecessityoffindingsomebodythathadresolution，andatleastordinaryPrussianskill，hopedWedellwastheman。Anddetermined，thecrisisbeingsourgent，tosendWedellinthecharacterofALTER—EGO，or"withthepowersofaRomanDictator，"astheOrderexpressedit。[GiveninPreuss，ii。207，208；inStenzel，v。212，otherparticulars。]DictatorWedellistosupersedeDohna；
shallgo，athisownswiftpace，fetteredbynobody；——and，atallhazards，shallattackSoltikofstraightway，andtrytobeathim。
"Youaregrowntoooldforthatintricatehardwork；gohomealittle，andrecoveryourhealth，"theKingwritestoDohna。AndtotheDohnaArmy，"Obeythisman，allandsundryofyou，asyouwouldmyself；"theman’sprivateOrderbeing，"GoinuponSoltikof；
attackhimstraightway；letushavedonewiththiswrigglingandhaggling。"DateofthisOrderis"CampatSchmottseifen，20thJuly，1759。"Thepurposeofsuchhigh—flownTitle，andsolemnityofnomination，wasmainly，itappears，tohushdownanyhesitationorsurpriseamongtheDohnaGenerals，which，asWedellwas"theyoungestLieutenant—GeneraloftheArmy，"mightotherwisehavebeenpossible。
Wedell，furnishedwithsomesmallescortandtheseDocuments，arrivesinCampSundayEvening，22dJuly:——poorDohnahasnottheleastwordorlookofcriticism；andeveryGeneral，suppressingwhateverthoughtstheremaybe，preparestoyieldloyalobediencetoDictatorWedell。"Wobersnowwasthefarbettersoldierofthetwo！"murmuredtheOppositionparty，thenandlongafterwards，[Retzow，&c。]——allthemore，asWobersnow’sbehaviorunderitwasbeautiful，andhisendtragical，aswillbeseen。WobersnowI
perceivetohavebeenavaliantsharp—strikingman，withmultifariousresourcesinhishead；whohadfaithfullyhelpedintheseoperations，andIbelievebeenurgenttoquickenthem。
ButwhatIrememberbestofhimishishastyadmirablecontrivanceforfield—bakeryinpressingcircumstances，——thesubstanceofwhichshallnotbehiddenfromamechanicalage:——
"Youconstructsixslightsquareironframes，eachhingedtotheother；each，say，twofeetsquare，orthebreadthoftwocommontiles，andshapedontheedgessoastotakeintiles；——tilesaretobefoundoneveryhumancottage。Thisironframe，whenyouhookittogether，becomestheghostofacubicbox，andbythehelpoftwelvetilesbecomesacompactfield—oven；andyoucanbakewithit，ifyouhaveflourandwater，andafewsticks。Thesuccinctestoveneverheardof；foryouroperationdone，andyourtilesflungoutagain，itiscapableofallfoldingflatlikeabook。"
[Retzow，ii。82n。]NevertillnowhadWobersnow’sovenbeenatfault:butinthesePolishVillages，allofmerethatchedhovels，therewasnotatiletobefound；andtheBakery，withastonishment，sawitselfunabletoproceed。
WedellarrivedSundayevening，22dJuly；hadcrossedOderatTschischerzig，——somesaybyCrossenBridge；nomatterwhich。
Dohna’sCampissomethirtymileswestofCrossen；inandnearthesmallTowncalledZullichau，wherehishead—quarteris。InthosedullpeatyCountries，ontheright，whichisthereaboutstheNORTHERN（noteastern），bankofOder；betweentheOderandtheWarta；someseventymilessouth—by—eastofLandsberg，andperhapsasfarsouthwestofPosen:thitherhasDohnanowgotwithhisfutilemanoeuvrings。Soltikof，drawnupamidscrubbywoodsandsluggishintricatebrooks，isaboutamiletoeastofhim。
PoorDohnademitsatonce；and，Icouldconjecture，vanishesthatverynight；gladtobeoutofsuchathing。PainfullyhasDohnamanoeuvredforweekspast；fallingbackdaily；onlyanxiouslatterlythatSoltikof，whodailytriesit，donotgettowestwardofhimontheFrankfurtroad，andsoendthissadshuffle。
Soltikofasyethasnotmanagedthatultimatefatality；Dohna，byshufflingback，doesatleastcontrivetokeepbetweenFrankfurtandhim；——willnottryattackinghim，muchasWobersnowurgesit。
Hasagreedtwiceoroftener，onWobersnow’surgency:"Yes，yes；
wehaveachance，"Dohnawouldanswer；"onlyletusresttillto—morrow，andbefresh！"bywhichtimetheopportunitywasalwaysgoneagain。
Wedellhadarrivedwithagrenadierbattalionandsomehorseforescort；hadpickedup150Russianprisonersbytheway。Retzowhasunderstoodhecameinwithakindofstate；andseemedmoreorlessinflated；consciousofrepresentingtheKing’sperson，andbeingaRomanDictator，——thoughitisaperilouslydifficultofficetoo，andrequiresmorethanaLetterofInstructionstoqualifyyouforit！ThisisnotLeonidasWedell，whomreadersonceknew；
poorLeonidasisdeadlongsince，fellintheBattleofSohr，soonaftertheheroicfeatofZiethen’sandhisatElbe—Teinitz（DefenceofElbeagainstanArmy）；thisisLeonidas’selderBrother。
FriedrichhadobservedhisfierywaysonthedayofLeuthen:
"Hah，anewWinterfeldperhaps？"thoughtFriedrich，"AlltheWinterfeldInowhave！"——whichprovedafondhope。Wedell’sDictatorshipbeganthisSundaytowardssunset；andlasted——inpracticalfact，itlastedoneday。
DICTATORWEDELLFIGHTSHISBATTLE（Monday，23dJuly，1759），WITHOUTSUCCESS。
Mondaymorningearly，Wedellisontheheights，reconnoitringSoltikof；cannotseemuchofhim，thegroundbeingsowoody；
doesseewhathetakestobeSoltikof’sleftwing；andjudgesthatSoltikofwillliequietforthisday。WhichwasfarfromarightreadingofSoltikof；thefactbeingthatSoltikof，inlongcolumnsanddivisions，beginningwithhisrightwing，wasallonmarchsincedaybreak；whatWedelltookforSoltikof’s"leftwing"beingSoltikof’srear—guardandbaggage，waitingtilltheroadscleared。
Wedell，havingsettledeverythingontheabovefooting，returnstoZullichauabout10o’clock；andabout11，Soltikof，mileslong，disengagedfromthebushyhollows，makeshisappearanceontheopengroundsofPalzig:he，sureenough（thoughWedellcanhardlybelieveit），——fiveorsixmilestonortheastyonder；
trampingdiligentlyalong，makingforCrossenandtheOderBridge；
——andisactuallygotaheadofus，atlast！
ThisiswhatWedellcannotsuffer，costwhatitmay。
Wedell’sorderswere，insuchcase，AttacktheRussians。
Wedellinstantlytookhismeasures；notunskilfully，sayjudges，——
thoughtheresultproveddisappointing；andWobersnowhimselfearnestlydissuaded:"Tooquestionable，Ishoulddoubt！Soltikofis70，000，andhasnoendofArtillery；weare26，000，andknownotifwecanbringasingleguntowhereSoltikofis！"[Tempelhof，iii。
132—134。]
Wedell’speoplehavealready，oftheirownaccord，gottoarmsagain；standwaitinghisordersonthisnewemergency。NodelayinWedellorinthem。"MaynotitbeanotherRossbach（ifwearelucky）？"thinksWedell:"Cannotweburstinontheirflank，astheymarchyonder，thoseawkwardfellows；andtumblethemintoheaps？"
Thedifferenceswereseveral—fold:First，thatFriedrichandSeidlitzarenothere。Manybravemenwehave，andskilful；butnotamasterandmanliketheseTwo。Secondly，thatthereisnoJanusHilltoscreenourintentions；butthattheRussianshaveusinfullviewwhilewemakeready。Thirdly，andstillmoreimportant，thatwedonotknowtheground，andwhathiddeninaccessibilitieslieahead。Thislastisjudgedtohavebeenthekillingcircumstance。BetweentheRussiansandusthereisapaltrylittleBrook，orlineofquagmire；scarcelynoticeablehere，butpassablenowhereexceptattheVillage—MillofKay，byonepoorBridgethere。Andthen，fartherinwards，asshelteroftheRussians，thereisanotherquaggyBrook，branchoftheabove，whichiswithoutbridgealtogether。Hourswillberequiredtoget26，000peoplemarchedupthere，nottospeakofheavygunsatall。
The26，000marchwiththeirusualmathematicaldespatch:ManteuffelandtheVanguardstrikeinwiththeirsharpestedge，footandhorse，directontheHeadoftheRussianColumn，Manteuffelleadingon，sosoonashisfewbattalionsandsquadronsareacross。
HeadmeansBRAIN（orlife）tothisRussianColumn；andtheseManteuffelpeoplegoatitwithextraordinaryenergy。TheRussianHeadgivesway；infantryandcavalry:——theircavalrywasdrivenquitetorear，andnevercameinsightagainafterthisofManteuffel。ButtheRussianshaveabundanceofReserves；alsoofroomtomanoeuvrein，——nolackofgroundopen，andgrounddefensible（PalzigVillageandChurchyard，forexample）；——aboveall，theyhaveabundanceofheavyguns。
WellinrecoilfromManteuffelandhisfuries，thebeatenRussianssucceedinforming"alongLinebehindPalzigVillage，"withthatSecond，slighterorBranchQuagmirebetweenthemandus；theygettheVillagebeset，andhavetheChurchyardofitlinedwithbatteries，——sayseventyguns。Manteuffel，unsupported，hastofallback；——unwillingly，andnotchasedorindisorder，——towardsKay—
Millagain；wheremanyarebythistimeacross。Hulsen，withtheCentre，attacksnow，astheVanguardhaddone；withawill，hetoo:
Wobersnow，allmannerofpeopleattack；timeaftertime，foraboutfourhourscoming:anditprovesallinvain，onthatChurchyardandnewLine。Withoutcannon，wearerepulsed，tornawaybythoseRussianvolcano—batteries；neverenoughofusatonce！
Hulsen，Wobersnow，everybodyindetailisrepulsed，orfindshissuccessunavailing。PoorWobersnowdidwonders；buthefell，killed。Gonehe；andhasleftsofewofhislike:amanthatcouldillbesparedatpresent！——Dayissinking；wefindwehavelost，inkilled，woundedandprisoners，some6，000men。"Aboutsunset，"——
flamingJulysungoingdownamongthemoorlandsonsuchascene，——
Wedellgivesitup；retiresslowlytowardsKayBridge。Slowly；
notchased，ormolested；Soltikoftoogladtoberidofhim。
Soltikof’soneaimis，andwas，towardsCrossen；towardsAustrianJunction，andsomethingtoliveupon。Soltikof’slossofmenisreckonedtobeheaviereventhanWedell’s:buthecouldfarbetteraffordit。Hehasgainedhispoint；andthepriceissmallincomparison。NextdayheentersCrossenontriumphantterms。
PoorWedellhadreturnedoverKay—MillBridge，inthenight—timeafterhisDefeat。Onthemorrow（Tuesday，24th，dayofSoltikof’sgladentry），WedellcrossesOder；atTschischerzig，theoldplaceofSundayeveninglast，——inhowdifferentahumor，thistime！——andinadaymore，postshimselfoppositetoCrossenBridge，fiveorsixmilessouth；andagainsitswatchfulofSoltikofthere。
AtCrossen，triumphantSoltikofhasfoundnoAustrianJunction，noranythingadditionaltoliveupon。AverydisappointingcircumstancetoSoltikof；"AustrianJunctionstillaproblem，then；athingintheair？AndperhapstheKingofPrussiatakingchargeofitnow！"
Soltikof，moreandmoreimpatient，afterwaitingsomedays，decidedNottocrossOderbythatBridge；——"shyofcrossinganywhere[thinktheFrenchGentlemen，Montazet，Montalembert]，totheKingofPrussia’sside！"[Stenzel，iv。215（indistinct，andgivingaWRONG
citationof"Montalembert，ii。87"）。]Whichisnotunlikely，thoughtheKingisabove100milesoffhim，andhasDaunonhishands。
Certainenough，keepingtheRiverbetweenhimandanyoperationsoftheKing，SoltikofsetoutforFrankfurt，fortyorfiftymilesfartherdown。Inthehopeprobablyoffindingsomethingofhumanprovenderwithal？July30th，oneweekafterhisBattle，thevanguardofhimisthere。
Thus，intwodays，oreveninone，hasWedell’sDictatorshipended。
Easytosayscoffingly，"Wouldithadneverbegun！"Friedrichknowsthat，andWedellknowsit；——AFTERtheeventeverybodyknowsit！
Friedrichsaidnothingofreproachful；thereverserather，——
"Idreadedsomethingofthekind；itisnotyourfault；"
[TOWEDELL，FROMTHEKING，"Schmottseifen，July24th。1759"（inSchoning，ii。118）。]——orderedWedelltowatchdiligentlyatCrossenBridge，andbereadyonfarthersignal。TheWedellProblem，insuchruinedcondition，hasnowfallentoFriedrichhimself。
ThisistheBATTLEOFZULLICHAU（afternoonof23dJuly，1759）；
thebeginningofimmensedisastersinthisCampaign。BattlecalledalsoofKAYandofPALZIG，thosealsobeingmainlocalitiesinit。
Itwaslost，notbyfaultofWedell’speople，whospentthemselvesnoblyuponit，norperhapsbyfaultofWedellhimself，butprincipally，ifnotsolely，bythosetwopaltryBrooks，orthreadsofQuagmire，oneofwhichturnsKay—Mill；memorableBrooksinthisCampaign，1759。[Tempelhof，iii。125—131。]
Closeinthesameneighborhood，thereisanotherequallycontemptibleBrook，makingtowardsOder，andturningtheso—calledKrebsmuhle，whichbecamestillmorefamoustothewholeEuropeanPublictwentyyearshence。KREBS—MUHLE（Crab—Mill），asyetquiteundistinguishedamongMills；belongingtoadustyindividualcalledMillerArnold，withadustySonofhisownforMiller’sLad:wasitatworkthisday？OrhadtheterriblesoundfromPalzigquencheditsclacking？——
Somethreeweeksago（4th—6thJULY），thereoccurredasuddensharpthingatHavre—de—GraceontheFrenchCoast，worthawordfromusinthisplace。TheMontazets，Montalemberts，watching，messagingabout，intheAustrian—RussianCourtsandCamps，assiduouslykeepingtheirSoltikofsintune，wecanobservehowbusytheyare。
SoubisewithhisInvasionofEngland，alltheFrenchareverybusy；
theyhaveconqueredHessenfromDukeFerdinand，andpromisethemselvesagloriousCampaign，afterthatSeizureofFrankfurt。
Soubise，intentonhisnewEnterprise，isreallymakingardentpreparations:atVanuesintheMorbihan，suchrendezvousingandequipping；——especiallyatHavre，noendofflat—bottomedboatsgettingbuilt；andmuchblusterandagitationamongtheweakersortsinbothNations。Whereupon，——
"JULY1st[justinthedayswhileFriedrichwasfirsttryingHorseArtillery]，Rear—AdmiralRodneysailsfromPortsmouthwithafewFrigates，andSixBomb—ketches[FIREDRAKE，BASILISK，BLAST，andsuchnomenclatures[Listofhim，inBeatson，NavalandMilitaryMemoirs（London，1804），ii。241；hisDespatchexcellentlybrief，ib。ii。323]]；andintheafternoonofTuesday，3d，arrivesinthefrithorbayofHavre。Steershimselfproperlyinto’theChannelofHonfleur’beforedark；andtherefrom，withhisFiredrake，BasiliskandCompany，beginssuchabombardmentofHavreandtheflat—bottomedmanufactoriesaswasquitesurprising。
Fifty—twoincessanthoursofit，beforehethoughtpoorHavrehadenough。PoorHavrehadbeenonfiresixtimes；theflatmanufactory（unquenchable）Iknownothowmany；alltheinhabitantsoffindespair；andtheGarrisonbuildingthisbatterytonopurpose，thenthat；nosalvationforthembutinRodney’s’mortarsgettingtoohot。’Hehadfiredofshells1，900，ofcarcasses，1，150:
fromWednesdayaboutsunrisetillFridayabout8A。M。，——abouttimenowforbreakfast；whichIhopeeverybodyhad，aftersuchastretchofwork。’Nodamagetospeakof，’saidtheFrenchGazetteers；
’wewillsoonrefiteverything！’Buttheyneverdid；andnothingcameofHavrehenceforth。Vanneswasalways，andisnowstillmore，tobethemainplace；onlythatHawke——mostunexpectedly，foronefanciedalltheirshipsemployedindistantparts——ridestherewithaChannelFleetofformidablenature；andthepreviousquestionalwaysis:’CannotwebeatHawke？Canwe！Orwillnotheperhapsgo，ofhimself，whentheroughweathercomes？’"
ChapterIII。
FRIEDRICHINPERSONATTEMPTSTHERUSSIANPROBLEM；NOTWITHSUCCESS。
BeforeWedell’scatastrophe，theAffairofthoseHaddick—LoudonDetachmentshadbecomealittleplainertoFriedrich。
Theintention，hebeginstosuspect，isnotforBerlinatall；
butforjunctionwithSoltikof，——atCrossen，orwhereveritmaybe。
Thisisinfacttheirrealpurpose；andthis，beyondalmostBerlinitself，itisinthehighestdegreeimportanttoprevent！
Important；andnowasifbecomeimpossible！
PrinceHenrihadcometoBautzenwithhisArmy，speciallytolookafterLoudonandHaddick；andhehas，allthiswhile，hadFinckwithsome10，000diligentlypatrollingtowestwardofthem，guardingBerlin；hehimselfwatchingfromthesouthernside，——
where，asonthewestern，therewasnodangerfromthem。SometimebeforeWedell’saffair，FriedrichhadpushedoutEugenofWurtembergtowatchthesepeopleontheeasternside；——suspiciousthatthitherwardlaytheirrealerrand。Eugenhadbut6，000；
and，exceptinconjunctionwithFinckandHenri，coulddonothing，——norcan，nowwhenFriedrich’ssuspicionturnsouttobefatallytrue。FriedrichhadalwaystheangryfeelingthatFinckandPrinceHenriweretheblameworthypartiesinwhatnowensued；thatthey，whowerenear，oughttohavedivinedthesepeople’ssecret，andspoileditintime；nothaveleftittohimwhowasfaroff，andsobusyotherwise。Tothelast，thatwashisfixedprivateopinion；
bynomeansusefultoutter，——especiallyatpresent，whileattemptingthenowverydoubtfulenterprisehimself，andneedingallabouthimtobeswiftandzealous。ThisisoneofFriedrich’sfamouslabors，thisoftheHaddick—LoudonjunctionwithSoltikof；
strenuousshortspasmofeffort，ofaboutaweek’scontinuance；
fulloffieryinsight，velocity，energy；stilladmiredbyjudges，thoughitwasunsuccessful，oronlyhadhalfsuccess。Difficulttobringhome，inanymeasure，tothemindofmodernreaders，soremotefromit。
FriedrichgotthenewsofZullichaunextday，July24th；——andinstantlymadeready。Thecaseiscritical；especiallythisHaddick—Loudonpartofit:add30or36，000AustrianstoSoltikof，howishethentobedealtwith？Acasestringentlypressing:——andtheresourcesforitfewandscattered。Forseveraldayspast，Haddick，andLoudonunderhim，whosemotionswerelongenigmatic，havebeenmarchingsteadilyeastwardthroughtheLausitz，——withtheevidentpurposeofjoiningSoltikof；unlessWedellcouldforbid。
Wedellaheadwasthegrandopposition；——Finck，Henri，Wurtemberg，asgoodasuseless；——andWedellbeingnowstruckdown，theseAustrianswillgo，especiallyLoudonwill，atawingedrate。
TheyareunderstoodtobeapproachingSaganCountry；happily，asyet，welltowestwardofit，andfromSaganTownwellNORTH—westward；——butallaccountsofthemarevague，dim:theyareanobscureentitytoFriedrich，butavitallyimportantone。