WewouldbeKinginMahren！"
　　TheSaxonsthenhavetomarchforward；butwecanfancywithwhatawill。RutowskyflingsuphiscommandonthisOrder（letushope，fromrheumatismpartly），andgoeshome；leavingtheChevalierdeSaxetopresideinroomofhim。AsforPolastron，heproducesOrderfromBroglio，"Iglaugot，returnstraightway；"mustandwillcrossoverintoBohemiaagain；anddoes。Nay，theComtedeSaxehad，privatelyinhispocket，aCommissiontosupersedePolastron，andtakecommandhimself，shouldPolastronmakedifficultiesaboutturningback。PoorPolastronmadenodifficulties:MauriceandhevanishaccordinglyfromthisAdventure，andonlytheunwillingSaxonsremainwithFriedrich。PoorPolastron（"apoorweakcreature，"saysFriedrich，"fitterforhisbreviarythananythingelse"）fellsick，fromthehardshipsofcampaigning；andsoondied，inthoseBohemianparts。Mauriceisheardof，someweekshence，besiegingEger；——veryhandsomelycapturingEger:[19thApril，1742
　　（GuerredeBoheme，ii。78—65）。]——onwhichserviceBrogliohadorderedhimafterhisreturn。TheformerCommandantoftheSiege，notveryprogressive，hadjustdied；andBroglio，withreason（allthemoreforhislateMoravianprocedures）waspassionatetohavedonethere。OneofthefirstauspiciousexploitsofMaurice，thatofEger；whichpavedthewaytohisFrenchfortunes，andmoreorlesssublimeglories，inthisWar。Friedrichrecognizeshisingenuities，impetuosities，andsuperiortalentinwar；wrotehigh—flownLettersofpraises，nowandthen，inyearscoming；but，wemayguess，wouldhardlywishtomeetMauriceinthewayofjoint—stockbusinessagain。
　　FRIEDRICHSUBMERGESTHEMORAVIANCOUNTRIES；，BUTCANNOTBRUNN，WHICHISTHEINDISPENSABLEPOINT。
　　February19th，thesesadIglaumattersoncesettled，Friedrich，followedbytheSaxons，plungesforwardintoMoravia；
　　spreadshimselfoverthecountry，levyingheavycontributions，withstrictdisciplinenevertheless；intenttogetholdofBrunnanditsSpielberg，ifhecould。BrunnisthestrongplaceofMoravia；hasagarrisonof6or7，000；stillbetter，hasthevaliantRoth，whomweknewinNeisseonce，forCommandant:Brunnwillnotbehadgratis。
　　Schwerin，withaDetachmentof6，000horseandfoot，Posadowsky，Ziethen，SchmettauJuniorcommandingunderhim，hasdashedalongfarinthevan；towardsUpperAustria，throughtheTownofHorn，towardsViennaitself；levying，healso，heavycontributions，——withahandofiron，andnotmuchofagloveonit，aswejudge。
　　ThereisagrimenoughProclamation（inthenameofa"frightfullyinjuredKaiser，"aswellasKaiser’sAlly），stillextant，bearingSchwerin’ssignature，andthedate"STEIN，26thFeb。1742。"
　　[InHelden—Geschichte，ii。556。]SteinisontheDonau，amileortwofromKrems，andtwiceasfarfromMautern，wherethenowKaiserwasinAutumnlast。FortyandoddmilesshortofVienna:thisprovedthePisgahofSchwerininthatdirection，asithaddoneofKarlAlbert。Ziethen，withhisHussarscoursedsome20milesfarther，ontheViennaHighway；andgotthelengthofStockerau；asmallTown，notableslightly，eversince，asthePrussianNON—PLUS—ULTRAinthatline。
　　Meanwhile，PrinceLobkowitzisrallying；hasquittedBudweisandtheBohemianBogs，forsomecheckoftheseinsolences。Lobkowitz，rallyingtohimselfwhatViennaforcethereis，comes，nowingoodstrength，toWaidhofen（rearwardofHorn，farrearwardofSteinandStockerau），sothatZiethenandSchwerinhavetodrawhomewardagain。LobkowitzfortifieshimselfinWaidhofen；gathersMagazinesthere，asiftowardsweightierenterprises。Forindeedmuchisrallying，inadangerousmanner；andMoraviaisnowfarotherthanwhenFriedrichplannedthisExpedition。AndatVienna，25thFebruarylast，therewasheldSecretCouncil，and（muchtoRobinson’sregret）aquitehighResolutioncometo，——whichFriedrichgetstoknowof，anddoesnotforgetagain。
　　THESAXONSHAVENOCANNONFORBRUNN，CANNOTAFFORDANY；
　　THEREISAHIGHRESOLUTIONTAKENATVIENNA（February25th）:
　　FRIEDRICHQUITSTHEMORAVIANENTERPRISE。
　　FriedrichkeepshisHead—quarter，allthiswhile，closerandcloseruponBrunn。First，chieflyataTowncalledZnaim，ontheRiverTaya；many—branchedriver，drainingallthoseNorthwesternparts；
　　whichsendsitswideningwatersdowntoPresburg，——latterlyinjunctionwiththoseoftheMorawafromNorth，whichwashesOlmutz，drainstheNorthernandEasternparts，andgivestheCountryitsnameof"Moravia。"BrunnliesnortheastofFriedrich，whileinZnaim，somefiftymiles；theSaxonhead—quarterisatKromau，midwaytowardsthatCity。AfterZnaim，heshiftsinward，toSelowitz，stillinthesameTayaValley，butmuchnearerBrunn；
　　andtherecontinues。[AtZnaim，19thFebruary—9thMarch；
　　atSelowitz，13thMarch—5thApril（Rodenbeck，i。65）。]
　　StrivinghardforBrunn；strivinghard，underdifficulties，forsomanythingsdistantandnear；wemayfancyhimbusyenough；——andaresurprisedatthefractionsoflightJordanCorrespondencewhichhestillfindstimefor。PrettybitsofLetters，inproseanddoggerel，fromandtothoseMoravianVillages；Jordan，"twiceaweek，"bearingthemainweight；Friedrich，oftenerthanonecouldhope，flingingsomewordofanswer，——veryintentonBerlingossip，wecannotice。"Vattelisstillhere，yourMajesty，"
　　[OEuvres，xvii。163，&c。]insinuatesJordan:
　　——youngVattel，afterwardsoftheDROITDESGENS，whomhisMajestymighthavekept，butdidnot。——WhatmoreofyourD’Argens，then；
　　anythinginyourD’Argens？Friedrichwillask。"Forcertain，D’ArgensisfullofESPRIT，"answersJordan，inadexterousway；
　　andHowtheEffulgentofWurtemberg"hasquarrelledoutrightwithherD’Argens，andwillnoteatoffsilver（D’ARGENT），lestshehavetonamehimbyaccident！"——withothergossip，inafinebriefairyform，atwhichJordanexcels。Cheeringtherareleisurehour，inone’sTentatSelowitz，Pohrlitz，Irrlitz，faraway！——TherearealsoordersaboutCICEROandBooks。OfBusinessformostpart，orofprivatefeelings，nothing:Berlingossip，andBooksforone’sreading，arethestaple。Buttoreturn。
　　OutfromHead—quarters，diligentoperationsshootforth，farenough，alongthoseTaya—MorawaValleys，whereHungarian"Insurgents"arebeginningtobedangerous。SouthofBrunn，allroundBrunn，arediligentoperations，frequentskirmishings，constantstrictlevyingsofcontributions。Thesavingoperation，Friedrichwellsees，wouldbetogetholdofBrunn:but，unluckily，How？VigilantRothscornsallsummoning；salliescontinuallyinadangerousmanner；andatlength，whencloserpressed，burnsalltheVillagesroundhim:"wecountedasmanyassixteenvillageslaidinashes，"saysFriedrich。Hereissmallcomfortofoutlook。
　　AndthentheSaxons，atKromauorwherevertheymaybe:noendoftroubleandvexationwiththeseSaxons。Theirquartersarenotfairlyallotted，theysay；wemakeexchangeofquarters，withoutimprovementnoticeable。"Onefineday，onsomeslightalarm，theycamerushingovertous，allinpanic；ruined，merelybyPandournoises，hadnotwemarchedthemback，andreinstatedthem。"
　　FriedrichsendstoSilesiaforreinforcemmtsofhisown，whichhecandependupon。SendstoSilesia，toGlatzandtheYoungDessauer；
　　——naytoBrandenburgandtheOldDessauer？ultimately。FindingRothwouldnotyield，hehassenttoDresdenforSiege—Artillery:
　　PolishMajestythere，titular"KingofMoravia，"answersthathecannotmeettheexpenseofcarriage。"Hehadjustpurchasedagreendiamondwhichwouldhavecarriedthemthitherandbackagain:"
　　Whatcanbedonewithsuchaman？——Andbythistime，earlyinMarch，Hungarian"MORIAMURPROREGE"beginstoshowitself。
　　CloudsofHungarianInsurgents，oftheTolpatch，Pandoursort，mountovertheCarpathiansonus，allroundtheeast，fromsouthtonorth；andthreatentopenetrateSilesiaitself。SothatwehavetosweeplaboriouslytheMorawa—TayaValleys；andundertakefirstoneandthenanotheroutroad，orsharpswiftsally，againstthosetroublesomebarbarians。
　　Andmoreseriousstill，PrinceKarlandtheregularArmy，quickenedbysuchKhevenhuller—BarenklausuccessesintheDonauCountries，arebeginningtostir。PrinceKarl，returningfromViennaanditsconsultations，tookcommand，4thMarch；[Helden—
　　Geschichte，ii。557。]withwhomhascomeoldGrafvonKonigseck，anexperiencedheadtoadvisewith；PrinceKarlisinmotion，skirtingussouthward，aboutWaidhofen，whereLobkowitzlaywaitinghimwithMagazinesready。Rumorsays，theforceinthosepartsisalready40，000，withmoredailycomingin。Friedrichhasofhisown，apartfromtheSaxons，some24，000。PrinceKarl，withsomanyheavytroops，andwithunlimitedsupplyoflight，isverycapableofdoingmischief:hehasorders（andFriedrichnowknowsofit）Togoinuponus；——suchtheirdecisioninSecretCouncilatVienna，onthe25thofFebruarylast，Thathemustgoandfightus:——"Betterwemethimwithfewerthrumsonourhands！"thinksFriedrich；andbeckonstheOldDessaueroutofBrandenburgwithal。
　　"Swift，yourSerenity；hitherwardwith20，000！"WhichtheOldDessauer（having30，000topickfrom，lateCamp—of—Gottinpeople）
　　atoncesetsabout。Willbeasecurity，inanyevent！[Orlich，i。221:DateoftheOrder，"13thMarch，1742。"]TofinishwithBrunn，FriedrichhassentforSiege—Artilleryofhisown；heurgesChevalierdeSaxetoclosewithhimroundBrunn，andbatteritenergeticallyintoswiftsurrender。Isitnottheonethingneedful？ChevalierdeSaxeadmits，halfpromises；doesnotperform。
　　Beingagainurged，Whyhavenotyouperformed？heanswers，"Alas，yourMajesty，hereareOrdersformetojoinMarshalBroglioatPrag，andretirealtogetheroutofthis！"
　　"Altogetheroutofit，"thinksFriedrichtohimself:"mayallthePowersbethanked！ThenItoo，withoutdisgrace，cangoaltogetheroutofit；——anditshallbeasharpeyethatseesmeinjoint—stockwithyouagain，M。leChevalier。"FriedrichhaswritteninhisHISTORY，andValoriusedtohearhimoftensayinwords，Neverweretidingswelcomerthanthese，thattheSaxonswereabouttodeserthiminthismanner。Go:andmayalltheDevils——Butwewillnotfallintoprofaneswearing。ItispropertogetoutofthisEnterpriseatone’sbestspeed，andnevergetintothelikeofitagain！Friedrich（onthisstrangeSaxonrevelation，30thMarch）
　　takesinstantorderforassemblingatWischauagain，fordepartingtowardsOlmutz；thencehomewards，withdeliberatecelerity，bytheLandskronmountain—country，Tribau，Zwittau，Leutomischl，andthewayhecame。HehascountermandedhisSilesianreinforcements；
　　theseandtherestshallrendezvousatChrudiminBohemia；
　　whitherwardsthetwoDessauersarebound:——inBrunn，withitswreckedenvirons，famedSpielberglookingdownfromitsconicalheight，andsixteenvillagesinashes，Rothshalldohisownwayhenceforth。
　　TheSaxonspushedstraighthomewards；didnot"rejoinBroglio，"
　　rejoinanybody，——had，infact，donewiththisFirstSilesianWar，asitproved；andwerereadyfortheOPPOSITEside，onaSecondfallingout！Theirmarch，thistime，waslongandharassing，——sadbloodypassageinit，fromPandoursandhostileVillage—people，almostatstarting，"fourCompaniesofourRear—guardcutdowntoninemen；Villageburnt，andVillagersexterminated（SIC），bytherescuingparty。"[DetailsinHelden—Geschichte，ii。606；in&c。&c。]TheyarrivedatLeitmeritzandtheirownBorder，"hardlyabove8，000effective。"Naturally，inahighlyindignanthumor；andmuchdisposedtoblamesomebody。TothepoorPolishNON—MoravianMajesty，enlightenedbyhisBruhlsandStaff—
　　Officers，itbecameafixedtruththattheblamewasallFriedrich’s，——"starvingus，marchingusabout！"——thatFriedrich’sconducttouswasabominable，anddeservedfixedresentment。
　　Whichaccordinglyitgot，fromthesimplePolishMajesty，otherwiseagood—naturedcreature；——got，andkept。ToFriedrich’sverygreatastonishment，andtohisconsiderabledisadvantage，longafter！
　　Friedrich’slook，whenValorimethimagaincominghomefromthisMoravianFutility，was"FAROUCHE，"fierceanddark；hislaughbitter，sardonic；harshmockery，contemptandsuppressedrage，lookingthroughallhesaid。AproudyoungKing，gettinginstructedinseveralthings，bythestripesofexperience。LookinthatyoungPortraitbyPesne，thefullcheeks，andfinemouthcapableoftruculencewithal，thebrownotunusedtoknititself，andtheeyesflashingoutinsharpdiligentinspection，ofasomewhatcommandingnature。WecanfancythefaceveryimpressiveuponValoriinthesecircumstances。PoorValorihashaddreadfulwork；runningtoandfro，withhisequipagesbreaking，hisservantsfallingallsick，hisinvaluableD’Arget（Valori’schiefSecretary，whommark）quitedisabled；andValori’stroublesarenotdone。HehasbeentoPraglately；isreturningfutile，asusual。DrivingthroughtheMountainstorejoinFriedrich，hemeetsthePrussiansinretreat；
　　learnsthatthePandours，extremelyvoracious，areahead；thathehadbetterturn，andwaitforhisMajestyaboutChrudimintheElberegion，uponhighways，andwithinreachofPrag。
　　Friedrich，onthe5thofApril，isinfullmarchoutoftheMoravianCountries，——whicharenowgettingsubmergedindelugesofPandours；towardstheabove—saidChrudim，whereaboutshisMagazineslie，whereprivatelyheintendstowaitforPrinceKarl，andthatViennaOrderofthe25thFebruary，withhandsclearerofthrums。
　　Themarchgoesinpropercolumns，dislocations；PrinceDietrich，ontheright，withaseparateCorps，bentelse—whitherthantoChrudim，keepsoffthePandours。Amarchlaborious，mountainous，onroadsofsuchquality；but，exceptbaggage—difficultiesandthelike，nothingmaterialgoingwrong。"Onthe13th[April]，wemarchedtoZwittau，overtheMountainofSchonhengst。ThepassageoverthisMountainisverysteep；butnotsoimpracticableasithadbeenrepresented；becausethecannonandwagonscanbedrawnroundthesidesofit。"[Stille，p。86。]Yes；——andreadersmay（infancy）lookaboutthemfromthetop；forweshallgothisroadagain，sixteenyearshence；hardlyinhappiercircumstances！
　　FriedrichgetstoChrudim，April17th；theremeetstheYoungDessauerwithhisforces:byandbytheOldDessauer，too，comestoanInterviewthere（ofwhichshortly）。TheOldDessauer——his20，000
　　notwithhim，atthemoment，butrestingsomewaybehind，tillhereturn——istogoeastwardwithpartofthem；eastward，Troppau—
　　Jablunkaway，anddrivethosePandourInsurgenciestotheirownsideoftheMountains:ajobOldLeopoldlikesbetterthanthatoftheGottinCampoflastyear。Otherpartofthe20，000istoreinforceYoungLeopoldandtheKing，andgointocantonmentsand"refreshment—quarters"hereatChrudim。Here，livingonBohemia，withSilesiaattheirback，shalltheTroopsreposealittle；
　　andbereadyforPrinceKarl，ifhewillcomeon。ThatiswhatFriedrichlooksto，asthemainConsolationleft。
　　InMoravia，nowoverrunwithPandours，precursorsofPrinceKarl，hehasleftPrinceDietrichofAnhalt，ablestilltomaintainhimself，withOlmutzasHead—quarters，foracalculatedtermofdays:Dietrichis，withalldiligence，tocollectMagazinesforthatJablunka—TroppauService，andmarchthithertohisFatherwiththesame（cuttinghiswaythroughthosePandourswarms）；
　　andleavingMahrenasbareaspossible，forPrinceKarl’sbehoof。
　　AllwhichPrinceDietrichdoes，inagallant，soldier—like，prudentandvaliantmanner，——withdetailsofdangerwellfronted，ofpromptdexterity，ofdifficultyovercome；whichmightbeinterestingtosoldierstudents，iftherewereamongusanysuchspecies；
　　butcannotbedweltuponhere。Itisamarchof60or70miles（northeast，notnorthwestasFriedrich’shadbeen），throughcontinualPandours，perilsanddifficulties:——metintheduewaybyPrinceDietrich，whosetoilsandvalorshadbeenofdistinguishedqualityinthisMoravianBusiness。Takeoneexample，notofveryseriousnature（inthepresentMarchtoTroppau）:——
　　"OLISCHAU，EVENINGOFAPRIL21st。JustasweweregettingintoOlischau[stillonlyintheenvironsofOlmutz]，theVanguardofPrinceKarl’sArmyappearedontheHeights。Itdidnotattack；
　　butretired，Olmutzway，forthenight。PrinceDietrich，notdoubtingbutitwouldreturnnextday，madethenecessarypreparationsovernight。Nothingofitreturnednextday；PrinceDietrich，therefore，inthenightofApril22d，pushedforwardhissick—wagons，meal—wagons，heavybaggage，peaceablytoSternberg；
　　and，atdawnonthemorrow，followedwithhisarmy，Cavalryahead，Infantrytorear；"nothingwhateverhappening，——unlessthisbeakindofthing:——"OurInfantryhadscarcelygotthelastbridgebrokendownafterpassingit，whentheroofsofOlischauseemedasitweretoblowup；theInhabitantssimultaneouslyseizingthatmoment，andfiring，withviolentdiligence，aprodigiousnumberofshotatus，——nooneofwhich，owingtotheirhurryandthedistance，tookanyeffect；"[Stille，p。50。]butonlytestifiedwhattheirvaledictoryhumorwas。
　　Oragain——（Place，thistime，isUNGARISCH—BROD，nearGodingontheMoravian—HungarianFrontier，dateMARCH13th；oneofthoseswiftOutroads，againstInsurgentsor"HungarianMilitias"threateningtogather）:——……"GodinqonourMoraviansideoftheBorder，andthenSkalitzontheirHungarian，beingthusfinished，wemakeforUngarisch—Brod，"thenextnucleusofInsurgency。Andthereisthefollowingminutephenomenon，——fitforapicturesquehumanmemory:
　　"Asthis，fromSkalitztoUngarisch—Brod，isalongmarch，andtheroadswerealmostimpassable，PrinceDietrichwithhisCorpsdidnotarrivetillafterdark。Sothat，havingsufficientlyblockedtheplacewithpartiesofhorseandfoot，hehad，inspiteofthick—fallingsnow，towaitundertheopenskyfordaylight。
　　Inwhichcircumstances，allthatwerenotonsentrylaydownontheirarms；"sleptheartily，wehope；"andtherewashalfanellofsnowonthem，whendaybroke。"[BERICHTVONDERUNTERNEHMUNGDES
　　&c。（inSeyfarth，Beylage，i。p。508）。]
　　Whendaybroke，andtheyshookthemselvestotheirfeetagain，——totheastonishmentofUngarisch—Brod！……
　　Therehadbeenfinepassagesofarms，throughout，inthisBusiness，roundBrunn，intheMarchhome，andelsewhere；andFriedrichiswellcontentedwiththeconductofhismenandgenerals，——anddwellsafterwardswithevidentsatisfactiononsomeofthefeatstheydid。[Forinstance，TRUCHSESSVONWALDBURG’SfinebitofSpartanism（14thMarch，atLesch，nearBrunn，nearAUSTERLITZ
　　withal），whichwasmuchcelebrated；Kinghimself，fromSelowitz，heardthecannonading（Seyfarth，Beylage，
　　i。518—520）。Selchow’sfeat（ib。521）。Fouquet’s（thisistheCAPTAINFonquet，with"MYtwocandles，Sir，"oftheoldCustrin—
　　Prisontime；whoisdeartoFriedricheversince，andtotheend）:
　　"AccountofFouquet’sGrenadierBattalion，toandatFulnek，January—April，1742（isinFeldzugederPreussen，i。176—184）；especiallyhisMarch，fromFulnek，homewards，partofPrinceDietrich’sthatway（inSeyfarth，Beylage，i。510—515）。Withvariousothers（inSEYFARTHandFELDZUGE）:wellworthreadingtillyouunderstandthem。]Iamsorrytosay，GeneralSchwerinhastakenpiqueatthispreferenceoftheOldDessauerfortheTroppauAnti—PandourOperation；andishomeinahuff:nottoreappearinactivelifeforsomeyearstocome。
　　"TheLittleMarlborough，"——sotheycallhim（forhewasatBlenheim，andhasabrupthotways），——willnotparticipateinPrinceKarl’sconsolatoryVisit，then！Betterso，thinksFriedrichperhaps（rememberingMollwitz）:"ThisisthefreakofanimitationANGLAIS！"sneershe，inmentioningittoJordan。——Friedrich’sSynopsisofthisMoravianFailureofanExpedition，inanswertoJordan’scuriosityaboutit，——curiosityimplied，notexpressedbythemodestJordan，ischaracteristic:——
　　"Moravia，whichisaverybadCountry，couldnotbeheld，owingtowantofvictual；andtheTownofBrunncouldnotbetaken，becausetheSaxonshadnocannon；andwhenyouwishtoenteraTown，youmustfirstmakeaholetogetinby。Besides，theCountryhasbeenreducedtosuchastate:thattheEnemycannotsubsistinit，andyouwillsoonseehimleaveit。Thereisyourlittlemilitarylesson；IwouldnothaveyouatalosswhattothinkofourOperations；orwhattosay，shouldotherpeopletalkoftheminyourpresence！"[FriedrichtoJordan（OEuvres，xvii。196），Chrudim，5thMay，1742。]
　　"WinterCampaigns，"saysFriedrichelsewhere，muchinearnest，andlookingbackonthisthinglongafterwards，"WinterCampaignsarebad，andshouldalwaysbeavoided，exceptincasesofnecessity。
　　ThebestArmyintheworldisliabletoberuinedbythem。ImyselfhavemademoreWinterCampaignsthananyGeneralofthisAge；
　　buttherewerereasons。Thus:——
　　"In1740，"WinterCampaignwhichwesaw，"therewerehardlyabovetwoAustrianregimentsinSilesia，atKarlVI。’sdeath。
　　BeingdeterminedtoassertmyrighttothatDuchy，Ihadtotryitatonce，inwinter，andcarrythewar，ifpossible，totheBanksoftheNeisse。HadIwaitedtillspring，wemusthavebegunthewarbetweenCrossenandGlogau；whatwasnowtobegainedbyonemarchwouldthenhavecostusthreeorfourcampaigns。Asufficientreason，this，forcampaigninginwinter。
　　"IfIdidnotsucceedintheWinterCampaignof1742，"Campaignwhichwehavejustgotoutof，"whichImadewithadesigntodelivertheElectorofBavaria’sCountry，thenoverrunbyAustria，itwasbecausetheFrenchactedlikefools，andtheSaxonsliketraitors。"Markthatdeliberateopinion。
　　"In1745—46，"WinterCampaignwhichweexpecttosee，"theAustrianshavinggotSilesia，itwasnecessarytodrivethemout。
　　TheSaxonsandtheyhadformedadesigntoentermyHereditaryDominions，todestroythemwithfireandsword。Iwasbeforehandwiththem。IcarriedtheWarintotheheartofSaxony。"
　　[MILITARYINSTRUCTIONSWRITTENBY&c。"translatedhyanOfficer"
　　（London，1762），pp。171，172。Oneofthebest，oraltogethertbebest，ofFriedrich’sexcellentlittleBookswrittensuccessively（thrice—PRIVATE，couldtheyhavebeenkeptso）fortheinstructionofhisOfficers。IstobefoundnowinOEuvresdeFrederic，xxviii。（thatisvol。i。ofthe
　　"OEuvresMilitaires，"whichoccupy3vols。）pp。4
　　etseqq。]
　　Digestingmanybitter—enoughthoughts，FriedrichhascantonedaboutChrudim；expecting，ingrimcomposedhumor，theoneConsolationtherecannowbe。February25th，asreaderswellknow，theMajestyofHungaryandherAulicCouncilhaddecided，"Onestrokemore，OExcellencyRobinson；oneBattlemoreforourSilesianjewelofthecrown！Ifbeaten，wewillthengiveitup；oh，nottillthen！"
　　RobinsonandHyndford，——imaginationmayfaintlyrepresenttheirfeelings，onthewilfuldownbreakofKlein—Schnellendorf；orwhatclamorandurgencytheMajestyofBritainandtheyhavebeenmakingeversince。Buttheycouldcarryitnofurther:"Onestrokemore！"
　　AtChrudim，andtotherightandtheleftofit，sprinkledaboutinlong，verythin，ellipticshape（thirtyorfortymileslong，butcapableofcoalescing"withineight—and—fortyhours"），thereliesFriedrich:theElbeRiverisbehindhim；beyondElbearehisMagazines，atKonigsgratz，Nimburg，Podiebrad，Pardubitz；theGiantMountains，andworldofBohemianHills，closing—inthebackground，faroff:thatishisposition，ifreaderswillconsulttheirMap。
　　TheconsolatoryVisit，heprivatelythinks，cannotbetillthegrasscome；thatis，nottillJune，twomonthshence；buttherealsohewasalittlemistaken。
　　ChapterXI。
　　NUSSLERINNEISSE，WITHTHEOLDDESSAUERANDWALRAVE。
　　TheOldDessauerwithpartofhis20，000，——aidedbyBoyDietrich（KNABE，"KnaveDietrich，"asonemightfondlycallhim）andtheMoravianMeal—wagons，——accomplishedhisTroppau—JablunkaProblemperfectlywell；cleaningtheMountains，andkeepingthemclean，ofthatPandourrabble，ashewasthemantodo。NorwouldhisExpeditionrequirementioningfarther，——wereitnotforsomeslightpassagesofapurelyBiographicalcharacter；firstofall，forcertainrubswhichbefellbetweenhisMajestyandhim。Forexample，once，beforethatInterviewatChrudim，justonenteringBohemiathitherward，OldLeopoldhadseengoodtoalterhismarch—route；
　　and——onbetterinformation，ashethoughtit，whichprovedtobeworse——hadtakenaroadnotprescribedtohim。Hearingofwhich，Friedrichreinshimupintotherightcourse，inthissharpmanner:——
　　"CHRUDIM，21stAPRIL。IamgreatlysurprisedthatyourSerenity，asanoldOfficer，doesnotmoreaccuratelyfollowmyorderswhichI
　　giveyou。IfyouwereskilfulerthanCaesar，anddidnotwithstrictaccuracyobservemyorders，allelsewereofnohelptome。
　　Ihopethisnotice，onceforall，willbeenough；andthatintimecomingyouwillgivenofarthercausestocomplain。"[KingtoFurstLeopold（Orlich，i。219—221）。]
　　Friedrich，ontheirmeetingatChrudim，wasthesamemanasever。
　　ButtheoldSonofGunpowderstoodtaciturn，rigorous，inmilitarybusinessattitude，intheKing’spresence；hadnotforgottenthepassage；andindeedhekeptitinmindforlongmonthsafter。
　　AndduringallthisOber—Schlesientime，hadthehiddengrudgeinhisheart；——doinghisday’sworkwithscrupulouspunctuality；
　　allthemorescrupulous，theysay。Friedrichtried，privatelythroughLeopoldJunior，someslighttouchesofassuagement；
　　butwithouteffect；andlefttheSeniortoTime，andtohisownmethodsofcoolingagain。
　　BesidesthatofkeepingdownHungarianEnterprisesintheMountains，OldLeopoldhad，aswouldappear，totakesomegeneralsuperintendenceinOber—Schlesien；andespeciallylooksafterthenewFortification—workgoingoninthoseparts。WhichlatterfunctionbroughthimoftentoNeisse，andintocontactwiththeuglyWalrave，Engineer—in—Chiefthere。Amucholderandmuchworthieracquaintanceofours，HerrBoundary—CommissionerNussler，happensalsotobeinNeisse；——waitingforthoseSaxonGentlemen；
　　whoareunpunctualtoadegree，andnevercome（norinfacteverwill，ifNusslerknewit）。LuckilyNusslerkeptaNotebook；andBuschingultimatelygotit，condensedit，printedit；——whereby（whatisrare，intheseDryasdustlabyrinths，inanespectralitiesandcinder—mountains）thereissuddeneyesightvouchsafed；
　　andwediscernveritably，faroff，broughtfacetofaceforaninstant，thisandthat！Imusttranslatesomepassages，——stillfarthercondensed:——
　　HOWNUSSLERHAPPENEDTOBEINNEISSE，MAY，1742。
　　NusslerhadbeeninthisCountry，offandon，almostsinceChristmaslast；readyhere，iftheSaxonshadbeenready。AstheSaxonswerenotready，andalwaysbroketheirappointment，NusslerhadgoneintotheMountains，topasstimeusefully，andtakepreliminaryviewoftheground……"FromBerlin，20thDecember，1741；byBreslau，"——wheresomepauseandcorrespondence；——"thenceon，Neisseway，asfarasLowen[sowellknowntoFriedrich，thatMollwitznight！]。FromBerlintoLowen，Nusslerhadcomeinacarriage:butastherewasmuchsnowfalling，heheretookacoupleofsledges；inwhich，alongwithhisattendants，heproceededsomefiftymiles，toJauernik，astagebeyondNeisse，tothesouthwest。JauernikisalittleTownlyingatthefootofaHill，onthetopofwhichistheSchlossofJohannisberg。Hereitbegantorain；andthegettinguptheHill，onsledges，wasadifficultmatter。TheDROST[Steward]ofthisCastlewasaNoblemanfromBrunswick—Luneburg；who，forthesakeofamarriageandthisDrostshipfordowry，hadchangedfromProtestanttoRomanCatholic，"——poorsoul！"Hiswifeandhewereverypolite，andshowedNussleragreatdealofkindness。
　　NusslerremarkedontheleftsideofthisJohannisberg，"westernsideagoodfewmilesoff，"thepasswhichleadsfromGlatztoUpperandLowerSchlesien，"——wherethereadertoohasbeen，inthatBAUMGARTENSKIRMISH，ifhecouldrememberit，——"withalittleBlock—houseinthebottom，"andnodoubtPrussiansoldiersinitatthemoment。"Nussler，intentalwaysontheuseful，didnotinstitutepicturesquereflections；butconsideredthathisKingwouldwishtohavethisPassandBlock—house；anddeterminedprivately，thoughitperhapslayratherbeyondtheboundary—mark，thathisMastermusthaveitwhenthebargainingshouldcome……
　　"OnthehomewardsurveyoftheseBorders，NusslerarrivedatSteinau[littleVillagewithSchloss，whichwesawonce，onthemarchtoMollwitz，andhowaccidentoffiredevoureditthatnight]，andatsightoftheburntSchlossstandingblackthere，herememberedwithgreatemotiontheStoryofGrafinvonCallenberg[deadsince，withherpistolsandbrandy—bottle]andoftheGrafin’sDaughter，inwhichhehadbeenconcernedasamuch—
　　interestedwitness，inoldtimes……Fortherest，thejourney，amidiceandsnow，wasnotonlytroublesomeintheextreme，buthegotalife—longgoutbyit[andnoprofittospeakof]；
　　havingsunk，once，onthinice，sledgeandhe，intoahalf—frozenstream，andgotwettedtotheloins，splashingaboutinsuchcoldmanner，——happilynotquitedrowned。"TheindefatigableNussler；
　　workingstill，likeaveryartist，whereverbidden，onwagesmiraculouslylow。
　　TheSaxonGentlemennevercame；——privatelytheSaxonswerequiteofffromtheSilesianbargain，andfromFriedrichaltogether；——sothatthisbordersurveyofNussler’scametonothing，onthepresentoccasion。ButitservedhimandFriedrichwell，onanewboundary—settling，whichdidtakeeffect，andwhichholdstothisday。Nussler，duringtheseoperations，andvainwaitingsfortheSaxons，hadNeisseforhead—quarters；and，goingandreturning，wasmuchaboutNeisse；Walrave，Marwitz（FatherofWilhelmina’sbaggageMarwitz），FeldmarschallSchwerin（inearlierstages），andotherhighfigures，beingprominentinhiscirclethere。
　　"TheoldPrinceofDessaucamethither:forsomedays。[Busching，Beitrage，i。347（beginningofMayasweguess，butthereisnodategiven）。]HewasverygracioustoNussler，whohadbeenathisCourt，andknownhimbeforethis。
　　TheOldDessauermadeuseofWalrave’sPlate；usuallyhadWalrave，Nussler，andotherprincipalfigurestodinner。Walrave’sPlate，everypieceofit，wascarefullymarkedwithaRAVENontherim，——
　　thatbeinghiscrest["Wall—raven"hisname]:OldDessauer，atsightofsomanyimagesofthatbird，threwouttheobservation，loudenough，fromthetopofthetable，’Hah，Walrave，IseeyouaremakingyourselfacquaintedwiththeRAVENSintime，thattheymaynotbestrangetoyouatlast，’"——whentheycometoeatyouonthegibbet！（notasofttongue，theOldDessauer’s）。"Anotherday，seeingWalraveseatedbetweentwoJesuitGuests，thePrincesaid:
　　’Ah，thereyouareright，Walrave；thereyousitsafe；theDevilcan’tgetyouthere！’AsthePrincekeptcontinuallybanteringhiminthisstrain，Walravedeterminednottocome；sulkilyabsentedhimselfoneday:butthePrincesenttheORDINANZ（Soldierinwaiting）tofetchhim；norefugeinsulks。
　　"TheyhadRoman—CatholicvictualforWalraveandothersofthatfaith，onthemeagre—days；butWalraveeatrightbeforehim，——
　　evidentlynothingbutthenameofCatholic。Indeed，hewasamanhatedbytheCatholics，forhisspecialrapacityonthem。’Heisofnoreligionatall，’saidtheCatholicPrelateofNeisse，oneday，toNussler；（greedytoplundertheMonasterieshere；haswrunggold，silveraudjewelsfromthem，——nayfromthePopehimself，——bythreateningtoturnProtestant，andusetheMonasteriesstillworse。AndthePope，hearingofthis，hadtosendhimavaluableGift，whichyoumayseesomeday。’Nusslerdid，oneday，seethispreciosity:aCrucifix，ebonyborderedwithgold，andtheBodyallofthatmetal，onthesmallestofaltars，——inWalrave’sbedroom。
　　ButitwasthebedroomitselfwhichNusslerlookedatwithashudder，"Nusslerandwe:"inthemiddleofitstoodWalrave’sownbed，onhisrighthandthatofhisWife，andonhisleftthatofhisMistress:"——abrutishpolygamousWalrave！"ThisMistresswasacertainQuarter—Master’sWife，"——Quarter—Masterwilling，itisprobable，togetridofsuchanarticlegratis，muchmoreontermsofprofit。"WalravehadbeggedforhimtheTitleofHofrathfromKingFriedrich，"——which，thoughitwasbutaclippingofribboncontemptibletoFriedrich，andthebruteofanEngineerhadexcellenttalentsinhisbusiness，IratherwishFriedrichhadrefusedinthisinstance。Buthedidnot；"heansweredingibingtone，’IgrantyoutheHofrathTitleforyourQuarter—Master；
　　thinkingitbutfitthataGeneral’s’——Whatshallwecallher？
　　（Friedrichusesthedirectword）——’shouldhavesomehandletohername。’"[Busching，Beitrage，i。343—348。]
　　ItwasthisMistress，oneishappytoknow，thatultimatelybetrayedtheunbeautifulWalrave，andbroughthimtoMagdeburgfortherestofhislife。——AndnowletusovertheMountains，toChrudimagain；ahundredandfiftymilesatonestep。
　　ChapterXII。
　　PRINCEKARLDOESCOMEON。
　　ItwasbeforethemiddleofMay，notofJuneasFriedrichhadexpected，thatseriousnewsreachedChrudim。May11th，fromthatplace，thereisaLettertoJordan，whichforoncehasnoverse，nobanteringinit:PrinceKarlactuallycomingon；Hussarprecursors，inquantity，stealingacrosstoattackourMagazinesbeyondElbe；——
　　andinconsequence，Ordersareoutthisveryday:"Cantonments，cease；immediaterendezvous，andEncampmentatChrudimhere！"
　　Whichtakeseffecttwodayshence，Monday，13thMay:oneofthefinestsightsStilleeversaw。"HisMajestyrodetoaheight；
　　youneverbeheldsuchascene:brightcolumns，footandhorse，streaminginfromeverypointofthecompass，theircleararmsglitteringinthesun；lostnowinsomehollow，thenemerging，windingoutwithlong—drawnglitteragain；tillatlengththeirblueuniformsandactualfacescomehometoyou。Nearupon30，000
　　ofallarms；trimexact，ofstoutandsilentlygood—humoredaspect；
　　wellrested，bythistime；——likelyfellowsfortheirwork，whowilldoitwithawill。TheKingseemedtobeaffectedbysogloriousaspectacle；and，whatIadmired，hisMajesty，thoughfatigued，wouldnotrestsatisfiedwithreportsordistantview，butpersonallymadethetourofthewholeCamp，toseethateverythingwasright，andpostedthepicketshimselfbeforeretiring。"[Stille，p。57
　　（orLetterX。）。]
　　PrinceKarl，sincewelastheardofhim，hadhungaboutintheBrunnandotherMoravianregions，rallyinghisforces，pushingoutCroatpartiesuponPrinceDietrich’shome—march，andthelike；veryilloffforfood，fordraught—cattle，inawastedCountry。SothathehadsoonquittedMahren；madeforBudweisandneighborhood:——
　　dangeroustoBroglio’soutpoststhere？Toa"CastleofFrauenberg，"
　　acrosstheMoldaufromBudweis；whichisBroglio’sbulwarkthere，andhascostBrogliomuchrevictualling，reinforcing，andflurryforthelasttwomonths。PrinceKarldidnotmeddlewithBrauenberg，orBroglio，onthisoccasion；leavesLobkowitz，withsomeReserve—party，hoveringaboutinthoseparts；——andhimselfadvances，byTeutschbrod（wellknowntothepoorretreatingSaxonslatcey！）towardsChrudim，onhisgrandProblem，thatof25thFebruarylast。Cautiously，nottoowillingly，oldKonigseckandhe。
　　ButtheywereinflexiblyurgedtoitbytheHeadsatVienna；
　　who，whatwiththeirBavariansuccesses，whatwiththeirMoravianandother，hadgotintoahighkey；——andscornedthenotionof"Peace，"whenHyndford（gettingFriedrich’spermission，inthelateChrudiminterval）hadurgeditagain。[Orlich，i。226。]
　　Broglioisinboundlessflurry；nothingbutspectresofattackloominginfromKarl，fromKhevenhuller，fromeverybody；andEgerhardlyyetgot。[19thApril（GuerredeBoheme，ii。77—81。]Finereinforcement，25，000underaDued’Harcourt；thisandothergoodoutlooksthereare；butitistheterriblealonethatoccupyBroglio。Andindeedthepoorman——
　　especiallyeversincethatMoravianBusinesswouldnotthriveinspiteofhim——isnottobecalledwelloff！Friedrichandheareincorrespondence，bynomeansmutuallypleasant，onthePrince—Karlphenomenon。"EvidentlyintendingtowardsPrag，yourMajestyperceives！"thinksBroglio。"IfnottowardsChrudim，firstofall，whichis80milesnearerhim，onhisrodetoPrag！"urgesFriedrich，atthisstage:"HelpmewithafewregimentsinthisChrudimCircle，lestIprovetooweakhere。IsnotthisthebulwarkofyourPragjustnow？"Invain；Broglio（whoindeedhasordersthatway）cannotspareaman。"Verywell，"thinksFriedrich；
　　andhasgirdeduphisownstrengthfortheChrudimphenomenon；
　　butdoesnotforgetthisnewillustrationoftheJoint—StockPrinciple，andtheadvantagesofBroglioPartnership。
　　Friedrich’sbeautifulEncampmentatChrudimlastedonlytwodays。
　　PrecursorTolpatcheries（and，infact，PrinceKarl’sVanguard，ifweknewit）comestormingabout，riferandrifer；attemptingtheBridgeofKolin（roadtoourMagazines）；attemptingthisandthat；
　　meaningtogetbetweenusandPrag；and，whatisworse，toseizetheMagazines，Podiebrad，Nimburg，whichwehaveinthatquarter！
　　Tuesday，May15th，accordingly，Friedrichhimselfgetsonmarch，withastrongswiftVanguard，horseandfoot（grenadiers，hussars，dragoons），Prag—ward，——probablyasfarasKuttenberg，afinehigh—
　　lyingpost，whichcommandsthoseKodinparts；——willmarchwithdespatch，andseehowthatmatteris。ThemainArmyistofollowunderLeopoldofAnhalt—Dessauto—morrow，Wednesday，"sosoonastheirloaveshavecomefromKonigsgratz，"——for"anArmygoesonitsbelly，"saysFriedrichoften。Loavesdonotcome，owingtoevilchance，onthisoccasion:Leopold’speople"takemealinstead；"
　　butwillfollow，nextmorning，allthesame，accordingtobidding。
　　ReadersmayaswelltaketheirMap，andaccompanyinthesemovements；whichissueinanotableconclusivething。
　　Tuesdaymorning，15thMay，FriedrichmarchesfromChrudim；onwhichsamemorningofthe15th，PrinceKarl，steadilyontheadvancehetoo，isstarting，——andtowardsthesamepoint，——fromaplacecalledChotieborz，onlyfifteenmilestosouthwardofChrudim。Inthisway，mutuallyunaware，butPrinceKarlgettingsoonestaware，theVanguardsoftheTwoArmies（PrinceKarl’sVanguardbeinginmanybranches，ofTolpatchnature）arecastathwarteachother；
　　andmake，bothtoFriedrichandPrinceKarl，anenigmaticbusinessofitforthenexttwodays。Tuesday，15th，Friedrichmarchingalong，vigilantlyobservantonbothhands，somefifteenmilesspace，camethateveningtoaVillagecalledPodhorzan，withHeightnearby；[Stille，pp。60，61。]Heightwhichhejudgedunattackable，andonthesideofwhichhepitcheshiscampaccordingly，——himselfmountingtheHeighttolookfornews。Newssureenough:
　　there，southofusontheheightsofRonnow，threeorfourmilesoff，aretheEnemy，campedorpickeeringabout，7or8，000aswejudge。Lobkowitz，surelynotLobkowitz？Hehasbeenglidingabout，ontheFrenchoutskirts，farinthesouthwestlately:canthisbeLobkowitz，abouttojoinPrinceKarlintheseparts？——Truly，yourMajesty，thisisnotLobkowitzatall；thisisPrinceKarl’sVanguard，andPrinceKarlhimselfactuallyinitforthemoment，——
　　anxiouslytakingviewofyourVanguard；recognizing，andadmittingtohimself，"Pooh，theywillbeatKuttenbergbeforeus；nouseinhastening。Head—quartersatWillimowto—night；hereatRonnowto—morrow:thatisallwecando！"[Orlich，i。233。]
　　To—morrow，16thMay，beforesunriseatPodhorzan，thesupposedLobkowitziscleanvanished:thereisnoEnemyvisibletoFriedrich，atRonnoworelsewhere。LeavingFriedrichinconsiderableuncertainty:clearonlythatthereareEnemiescopiouslyabout；thathehimselfwillholdonforKuttenberg；
　　thatyoungLeopoldmustgethitherward，withsteadycelerityatthetopofhiseffort，——partsofthegroundbeingdifficult；especiallyamuddyStream，calledDobrowa，whichhasonlyoneBridgeonitfitforartillery，theBridgeofSbislau，amileortwoaheadofthis。
　　InstructionsaresentLeopoldtothateffect；andfartherthatLeopoldmustquarterinCzaslau（asubstantiallittleTown，withbogsaboutit，andmilitaryvirtues）；and，onthewhole，keepclosetoheelofus，theEnemyinforcebeingnear，Uponwhich，hisMajestypushesonforKuttenberg；PrinceLeopoldfollowingwithbestdiligence，accordingtoProgram。HisMajestypassedalittleplacecalledNeuhofthatafternoon（Wednesday，16thMay）；
　　andencampedashortwayfromKuttenberg，behindornorthofthatTown，——outofwhich，onhisapproach，therefledaconsiderablecloudofAustrianIrregulars，and"leftalargebakingofbread。"
　　Breadjustaboutreadytotheirorder，andcominghotoutoftheovens；whichwasverywelcometohisMajestythatnight；andwillyieldrefreshment，partialrefreshment，nextmorning，toPrinceLeopold，nottoocomfortableonhismeal—dietjustnow。
　　PoorPrinceLeopoldhadhisowndifficultiesthisday；roughground，verydifficulttopass；andcomingontheHeightofPodhorzanwherehisMajestywasyesterday，LeopoldseescrowdsofHussars，needingacannon—shotortwo；seesevidentsymptoms，tosouthward，thatthewholeForceoftheEnemyisadvancinguponhim！
　　"Speed，then，forSbislauBridgeyonder；acrosstheDobrowa，withourArtillery—wagons，orwearelost！"PrinceKarl，withHussar—
　　partiesallabout，isfullyawareofPrinceLeopoldandhismovements，andisrollingon，Ronnow—wardallday，tocuthimoff，inhisdetachedstate，ifpossible。PrinceKarlmight，withease，havebrokenthisDobrowaBridge；andLeopoldandmilitarymenrecognizeitasacapitalneglectthathedidnot。
　　Leopold，overloadedwithsuchintricaciesandanxieties，sendsoffthreemessengers，Officersofmark（SchmettauJunioroneofthem），toapprisetheKing:theOfficersreturn，unabletogetacrosstohisMajesty；Leopoldsendsproperdetachmentofhorsewiththem，——
　　uncertainstillwhethertheywillgetthrough。Andnightisfalling；weshallevidentlybetoolateforgettingCzaslau:
　　wellifwecanoccupyChotusitzandtheenvirons；asmallclayHamlet，threemilesnearerus。Itwas11atnightbeforetherear—
　　guardgotintoChotusitz:Czaslau，threemilessouthofus，wecannotattendtotillto—morrowmorning。[Orlich，pp。236—239。]
　　Andthethreemessengers，despatchedwithescort，sendbacknoword。HavetheyevergottohisMajesty？Leopoldsendsoffafourth。Thisfourthonedoesgetthrough；reportstohisMajesty，That，byallappearance，therewillbeBattleonthemorrowearly；
　　thatnotCzaslau，butonlyChotusitzisours；andthatInstructionsarewanted。Deepinthenight，thisfourthmessengerreturns；
　　awelcomeawakeningforPrinceLeopold；whostudieshisMajesty’sInstructions，andwillmakehisdispositionsaccordingly。
　　Itis2or3inthemorning，[Ib。p。238。]inLeopold’sCamp，——
　　Bivouacrather，withitsfacetothesouth，andChotusitzahead。
　　Thursday，17thMay，1742；afuriouslyimportantDayabouttodawn。
　　HighProblemofthe23thFebruarylast；BritannicMajestyandhisHyndfordsandRobinsonsvainlyprotesting:——ithadtobetried；
　　HungarianMajestyhavinggot，fromBritannic，thesinewsfortryingit:andthisistobetheDay。
　　ChapterXIII。
　　BATTLEOFCHOTUSITZ。
　　Kuttenberg，Czaslau，ChotusitzandalltheseotherplaceslieinwhatiscalledtheValleyoftheElbe，butwhattotheeyehasnottheleastappearanceofahollow，butofanextensiveplainrather，dimpledhereandthere；and，ifanything，ratherslopingFROMtheElbe，——wereitnotthatdullbushlessbrooks，oneortwo，saunteringtoNORTHward，notsouthward，warnyouofthecontrary。
　　Conceiveaflattractofthiskind，somethreeorfourmilessquare，withCzaslauonitssouthernborder，Chotusitzonitsnorthern；flanked，onthewest，byastraggleofLakelets，pondsandquagmires（whichinourtimearedrainedaway，allbutatenthpartorsoofremainder）；flanked，ontheeast，byaconsiderablepuddleofaStreamcalledtheDobrowa；andcutinthemiddlebyanamelesspoorBrook（"BRTLINKA"somewriteit，ifanybodycouldpronounce），runningparallelandindependent，——whichlatter，ofmoreconcernmenttoushere，springsbeyondCzaslau，andisgottobeofsomesize，andmoreintricatethanusual，with"islands"andthelike，asitpassesChotusitz（alittletoeastofChotusitz）；——
　　thisisourFieldofBattle。SixtyormoremilestoeastwardofPrag，eightmilesormoretosouthwardofElbeRiverandtheFordofElbe—Teinitz（whichweshallhearof，inyearscoming）。Asceneworthvisitingbythecurious，thoughitisbynomeansofpicturesquecharacter。
　　Uncomfortablybare，likemostGermanplains；meanlittlehamlets，whicharefulloflitterwhenyouenterthem，liesprinkledabout；
　　littlechurch—spires（likesuffraganstoChotusitzspire，whichisnearyou）；araggeduntrimmedcountry:beyondtheBrook，towardstheDobrowa，twoormoremilesfromChotusitz，isstillnoticeable:
　　somethinglikeaDeer—park，withumbrageousfeatures，bushyclumps，andshadowyvestigesofaMansion，theoneregularedificewithinyourhorizon。SchuschitzisthenameofthisMansionandDeer—park；
　　fartheronliesSbislau，whereLeopoldhappilyfoundhisBridgeunbrokenyesterday。
　　Thegenerallandscapeisscrubby，littery；ill—tilled，scratchedratherthanploughed；physiognomicofCzechPopulations，whoareseldomtrimatelbows:anybeautyithasisonthefarthersideoftheDobrowa，whichdoesnotconcernPrinceLeopold，PrinceKarl，orusatpresent。PrinceLeopold’scamplieseastandwest，shortwaytonorthofChotusitz。SchuschitzHamlet（agoodmilenorthwardofSbislau）covershisleft，thechainofLakeletscovershisright:
　　andChotusitz，oneofhisoutposts，liescentrallyinfront。
　　PrinceKarliscomingon，infourcolumns，fromtheHillsandintricaciessouthofCzaslau，——hasbeenonmarchallnight，intendinganight—attackorcamisadoifhecould；butcouldnotintheleast，owingtotheintricateroadways，andthediscrepanciesofpacebetweenhisfourcolumns。Thesunwasupbeforeanythingofhimappeared:——drawingout，visiblyyonder，bytheeastsideofCzaslau；30，000strong，theysay。Friedrich’sunitedforce，wereFriedrichhimselfontheground，willbeabout28，000。
　　Friedrich’sOrders，whichLeopoldisstudying，were:"HoldbyChotusitzforCentre；yourleftwing，seeyouleanitonsomething，towardsDobrowaside，——onthatintricateBrook（Brtlinka）orPark—
　　wallofSchuschitz，[SBISLAU，Friedrichhastilycallsit（OEuvres，ii。121—126）；Stille（p。63）ismoreexact。]whichIthinkisthere；thenyourrightwingwestwards，tillyouleanagainonsomething:twolines，leaveroomformeandmyforce，onthecornernearesthere。Iwillstartatfour；bewithyoubetweensevenandeight，——andevenbringaproportionofAustrianbread（hotfromtheseovensofKuttenberg）
　　torefreshpartofyou。"LeopoldofAnhalt，amuch—comfortedman，waitsonlyfortheearliestgrayofthemorning，tobeupanddoing。FromChotusitzhespreadsoutleftwardstowardstheBrtlinkaBrook，——difficultgroundthat，unfitforcavalry，withitsbog—
　　holes，islands，gulliesandbrokensurface；betterhavegoneacrosstheBrtlinkawithmereinfantry，andleantonthewallofthatDeer—parkofSchuschitzwithperhapsonly1，000horsetosupport，wellrearwardoftheinfantryandthisdifficultground？Somenthink，——aftertheactionisover。[Stille，pp。63，67。]Andindeedtherewascertainlysomemisarrangementthere（donebyLeopold’ssubordinates），whichhaditseffectsshortly。
　　Leopoldwasnotthereinperson，arrangingthatleftwing；
　　Leopoldislookingaftercentreandright。Heperceives，therightwingwillbehisbestchance；knowsthat，ingeneral，cavalrymustbeonbothwings。Onalittleeminenceinfrontofhisright，heseeshowtheEnemycomeson；Czaslau，latelyontheirleft，isnowgettingtorearofthem:——"Andyou，stoutoldGeneralBuddenbrock，spreadyourselfouttorightalittle，hiddenbehindthisrisingground；Ithinkwemayoutflanktheirleftwingbyafewsquadrons，whichwillbeanadvantage。"
　　Buddenbrockspreadshimselfout，asbidden:hadBuddenbrockbeenreinforcedbymostofthehorsethatcoulddonogoodonourLEFT
　　wing，itisthoughttheBattlehadgonebetter。Buddenbrockinthisway，secretly，outflankstheAustrians；toHISrightallforward，hehasthatstringofmarshypools（LakesofCzirkwitzsocalled，outflowingsfromtheBrookofNeuhof），andcannotbetakeninflankbyanymeans。BrookofNeuhof，whichhisMajestycrossedyesterday，farthernorth；——andoughttohaverecrossedbythistime？——saidBrook，hereaboutsamerefringeofquagmiresandmarshypools，isourextremeboundaryonthewestorright；BrookofBrtlinka（unluckilyNOTwalloftheDeer—park）boundsuseastward，oronourleft，PrinceKarl，drawnupbythistime，isintwolines，cavalryonrightandleft，butratherinbentorder；benttowardsusatbothends（beingdaintyofhisground，Isuppose）；andcomesoninhollow—crescentform；——whichisnotreckonedorthodoxbymilitarymen。WhatalltheseVillages，humanindividualsandterrifieddeer，arethinking，Inevercanconjecture！Thick—soledpeasants，terrifiednursing—mothers:Bettertorunandhide，Ishouldsay；
　　mountyourgarronplough—horses，hideyourbutter—pots，meal—
　　barrels；runatleasttenmilesorso！——
　　Itisnowpastseven，ahotMaymorning，theAustriansverynear；——
　　andyonder，ofasurety，ishisMajestycoming。Majestyhasmarchedsincefour；andishereathistime，loavesandall。Hismenrankatonceinthecornerleftforthem；oneofhishorse—generals，Lehwald，issenttotheleft，toputstraightwhatmybeawrythere（cannotquitedoit，heeither）；——andtheattackbyBuddenhrock，whosecretlyoutflankshereontheright，thisshallatoncetakeeffect。NosoonerhashisMajestygotuponthelittleeminenceorrisingground，andscannedtheAustrianlinesforaninstantortwo，thanhiscannon—batteriesawakenhere；givetheAustrianhorseagoodblast，bywayofmorningsalutationandoverturetotheconcertoftheday。AndBuddenbrock，deployingundercoverofthat，charges，"firstatatrot，thenatagallop，"toseewhatcanbedoneuponthemwiththewhiteweapon。OldUuddenbrock，surely，didnothimselfRIDEinthecharge？Heisanoldmanofseventy；
　　hasfoughtatOudenarde，Malplaquet，nayatSteenkirk，andbeenrunthroughthebody，underDutchWilliam；isanoldacquaintanceofCharlesXII。seven；andsatsolemnlybyFriedrichWilhelm’scoffin，aftersomuchattendanceduringlife。ThespecialleaderofthechargewasBredow；alsoaveterangentleman，butstillonlyinthefifties；he，Iconclude，madethecharge；firstatatrot，thenatagallop，——withswordsflashinghideous，andeyebrowsknit。
　　"Thedustwasprodigious，"saysFriedrich，weatherbeingdryandgroundsandy；foraspaceoftimeyoucouldseenothingbutonehugewhirlpoolofdust，withthegleamofsteelflickeringmadlyinit:however，Buddenbrock，outflankingtheAustrianfirstlineofhorse，didhurlthemfromtheirplace；byandbyyouseethedust—
　　tempestrunningsouth，fasterandfastersouth，——thatistosay，theAustrianhorseinflight；forBuddenbrock，outflankingthembythreesquadrons，hastumbledtheirfirstlinetopsy—turvy，andtheyrushtorearward，hefollowingawayandaway。[OEuvresdeFrederic，ii。123。]NowwerethetimeforafreshforceofPrussiancavalry，——forexample，thoseyouhavestandinguselessbehindthegulliesandquagmiresonyourleftwing（saysStille，aftertheevent）；——duesupporttoBuddenbrock，andallthatAustriancavalryweregone，andtheirinfantryleftbare。
　　Butnowagain，see，donotthedust—cloudspause？Theypause，mountinghigherandhigher；theydancewildly，thenrollbacktowardsus；tooevidentlyback。BuddenbrockhascomeuponthesecoudlineofAustrianhorse；intoolooseorderBuddenbrock，bythistime，andtheyhavebrokenhim:——anditisamutualdefeatofhorseonthiswing，thePrussianrathertheworseofthetwo。
　　Andmighthavebeenserious，——hadnotRothenburgplungedfuriouslyin，atthiscrisis，quitethroughtotheAustrianinfantry，andrestoredmatters，ormore。Makingaconfusedresultofitinthisquarter。Austrianhorse—regimentstherenowwerethatfledquiteaway；asdidevenoneortwofoot—regiments，whilethePrussianinfantrydashedforwardonthem，escortedbyRothenburginthismanner，——whogotbadlywoundedinthebusiness；andwaslonganobjectofsolicitudetoFriedrich。AndcontrariwisecertainPrussianhorsealso，itwastoovisible，didnotcomposethemselvestillfairlyarearofourfoot。ThisisShockFirstintheBattle；
　　thereareThreeShocksinall。
　　Partialcharging，fencingandflourishingwenton；butnothingveryeffectualwasdonebythehorseinthisquarterfarther。NordidthefireoreffortofthePrussianInfantryinthistheirrightwingcontinue；Austrianfuryandchiefefforthaving，bythistime，brokenoutinanoppositequarter。SothatthestrainoftheFightliesnowintheotherwingoveraboutChotusitzandtheBrtlinkaBrook；andthitherIperceivehisMajestyhasgalloped，being"alwaysinthethickestofthedanger"thisday。ShockSecondisnowon。TheAustrianshaveattackedatChotusitz；andarethreateningtodowondersthere。
　　PrinceLeopold’sLeftWing，aswesaid，wasentirelydefectiveintheeyeoftacticians（aftertheevent）。FarfromleaningonthewalloftheDeer—park，hedidnotevenreachtheBrook，——orhadtoweakenhisforceinChotusitzVillageforthatobject。SothatwhentheAustrianfootcomesstorminguponChotusitz，thereisbut"halfaregiment"todefendit。Andasforcavalry，whatistobecomeofcavalry，slowlythreading，undercannon—shotandmusketry，theseintricatequagmiresandgullies，anddangerouslybreakingintofilesandstrings，beforeeveritcanfindgroundtocharge？
　　Accordingly，theAustrianfoottookChotusitz，afterobstinateresistance；andoldKonigseck，veryillofgout，gotseatedinoneofthehutsthere；andthePrussiancavalry，embarrassedtogetthroughthegullies，couldnotchargeexceptpiecemeal，andthenthoughinsomecaseswithdesperatevalor，yetinallwithouteffectualresult。KonigsecksitsinChotusitz；——andyetwithaltheRussiansarenotoutofit，willnotbedrivenoutofit，butclingobstinately；whereupontheAustrianssetfiretotheplace；itsdrythatchgoesupinflame，andpooroldKonigseck，quitelameofgout，narrowlyescapedburning，theysay。
　　And，see，theAustrianhorsehavegotacrosstheBrtlinka，arespreadalmosttotheDeer—park，andstrivehardtotakeusinflank，——didnottheBrook，thebadgroundandtheplatoon—firing（fearfullyswift，fromdisciplineandtheironramrods）holdthembackinsomemeasure。Theymakeaviolentattemptortwo；buttheproblemisveryrugged。NorcantheAustrianinfantry，behindortothewestofburningChotusitz，makeanimpression，thoughtheytryit，with1evelledbayonetsanddeadlyenergy，againandagain:
　　thePrussianranksareasifbuiltofrock，andtheirfireissosureandswift。HereisoneAustrianregiment，camerushingonlikelions；wouldnotletgo，deathorno—death:——andhereitlies，shotdowninranks；wholeswathsofdeadmen，andtheirmusketsbythem，——asiftheyhadgotthewordtotakethatposture，andhaddoneithurriedly！Asmalltransitorygleamofproudrageisvisible，deepdown，inthesoulofFriedrichasherecordsthisfact。ShockSecondwasveryviolent。
　　TheAustrianhorse，aftersuchexperimentingintheBrtlinkaquarter，gallopofftotrytochargethePrussiansintherear；——
　　"pleasanterbyfar，"judgemanyofthem，"toplunderthePrussianCamp，"whichtheydescryinthoseregions；whitheraccordinglytheyrush。Toomanyofthem；andtheHussarsasoneman。TothesorrowfulindignationofPrinceKarl，whoserightarm（orwing）isfallenparalyticinthismanner。AftertheFight，theyrepentedindustandashes；andwenttosayso，asifwiththeropeabouttheirneck；uponwhichhepardonedthem。
　　NorisPrinceKarl’sleftwinggaininggarlandsjustatthismoment。ShockThirdisawakening；——andwillbedecisiveonPrinceKarl。Chotusitz，setonfireanhoursince（about9A。M。），stillburns；cuttinghimintwo，asitwere，ordisjoininghisleftwingfromhisright:anditisonhisrightwingthatPrinceKarlisdependingforvictory，atpresent；hisleftwing，ruffledbythosefirstPrussianchargesofhorse，withoccasionalPrussianswiftmusketryeversince，beinglefttoitsowninferiorluck，whichisbeginningtoproduceimpressiononit。And，lo，onthesudden（whatbroughtfinistothebusiness），Friedrich，seizingthemoment，commandsaunitedchargeonthisleftwing:Friedrich’srightwingdashesforwardonit，double—quick，takesitfuriously，onfrontandflank；fifteenfield—piecespreceding，andintolerablemusketrybehindthem。SothattheAustrianleftwingcannotstanditatall。
　　TheAustrianleftwing，stormedinuponinthismanner，swagsandsways，threateningtotumblepell—mellupontherightwing；whichlatterhasitsownhandsfull。NoChotusitzorpointofdefencetoholdby，PrinceKarliseminentlyilloff，andwillbehurledwhollyintotheBrtlinka，andtheislandsandgullies，unlesshemind！PrinceKarl，——whatamomentforhim！——noticingthisundeniablephenomenon，rapidlygivesthewordforretreat，toavoidworse。ItisnearuponNoon；fourhoursofbattle；veryfierceonboththewings，togetheroralternately；inthecentre（westwardofChotusitz）mostlyinsignificant:"morethanhalfthePrussians"
　　standingwitharmsshouldered。PrinceKarlrollsrapidlyaway，throughCzaslautowardssouthwestagain；losesgunsinCzaslau；
　　goes，notquitebroken，butatdouble—quicktimeforfivemiles；
　　cavalry，PrussianandAustrian，bickeringintherearofhim；andvanishesoverthehorizontowardsWillimowandHaberthatnight，thewayhehadcome。
　　ThisisthebattleofChotusitz，calledalsoofCzaslau:Thursday，17thMay，1742。Vehementlyfoughtonbothsides；——calculated，onemayhope，toendthisSilesianmatter？Theresults，inkilledandwounded，werenotveryfarfromequal。Nay，inkilledthePrussianssufferedconsiderablytheworse；theexactAustriancipherofkilledbeing1，052，whilethatofthePrussianswas1，905，——owingchieflytothosefierceineffectualhorse—chargesandbickerings，ontherightwingandleft；"above1，200Prussiancavalryweredestroyedinthese。"But，infine，thegeneralloss，includingwoundedandmissing，amountedontheAustrianside（prisonersbeingmany，anddesertersverymany）tonearseventhousand，andonthePrussiantobetweenfourandfive。[Orlich，i。255；
　　FeldzugederPreussen，p。113；Stille，pp。62—71；
　　Friedrichhimself，OEuvres，ii。121—126；
　　and（ib。pp。145—150）theNewspaper"RELATION，"writtenalsobyhim。]TwoGeneralsFriedrichhadlost，whoarenotspeciallyofouracquaintance；andseveralyoungerfriendswhomheloved。
　　Rothenburg，whowasinthatfirstchargeofhorsewithBuddenbrock，orinrescueofBuddenbrock，anddidexploits，gotbadlyhurt，aswesaw，——badly，notfatally，asFriedrich’sfirstterrorwas，——andworehisarminaslingforalongwhileafterwards。
　　Buddenbrock’scharge，Isincehear，wasruinedbytheDUST；
　　[OEuvresdeFrederic，ii。121。]theKing’svanguard，underRothenburg，a"new—raisedregimentofHussarsingreen，"comingtotherescue，weremistakenforAustrians，andthecryrose，"Enemytorear！"whichbroughtRothenburghisdisaster。
　　Friedrichmuchlovedandvaluedtheman；employedhimafterwardsasAmbassadortoFranceandinplacesoftrust。Friedrich’sAmbassadorsareoftenestsoldiersaswell:bredsoldiers，hefinds，iftheychancetohavenaturalintelligence，arefittestforallkindsofwork。——SomeeighteenAustriancannonweregot；
　　nostandards，because，saidthePrussians，theytooktheprecautionofbringingnonetothefield，buthadbeforehandrolledthemallup，outofharm’sway。——LetusclosewiththisFractionoftopographyoldaudnew:——
　　"KingFriedrichpurchasedNineAcresofGround，nearChotusitz，toburytheslain；renteditfromtheproprietorfortwenty—fiveyears。[Helden—Geschichte，ii。634。]Iasked，Wherearethosenineacres；whatcropisnowuponthem？butcouldlearnnothing。Adimpeople，thosepoorCzechnatives；stupid，dirty—skinned，ill—given；notoneintwentyofthemspeakinganyGerman；——andourdragomanafortuitousJewPedler；withthemournfulestofhumanfaces，thoughaheadworthtwentyofthoseCzechones，pooroppressedsoul！TheBattle—plainbearsrye，barley，miscellaneouspulse，potatoes，mostlyinsignificantcrops；
　　——theninehero—acresinquestion，perhapsstillofslightlyricherquality，lieindiscriminateamongtheothers；theirveryfence，iftheyeverhadone，nowtornaway。
　　"TheCountry，asyoudescendbydustyintricatelanesfromKuttenberg，withyourlefthandtotheElbe，andatlengthwithyourbacktoit，wouldberatherpretty，wereitwellcultivated，thescraggylittersweptoff，andreplacedbyverdureandreasonableumbragehereandthere。TheFieldofChotusitz，whereyouemergeonit，isawidewavyplain；thesteepleofChotusitz，and，threeorfourmilesfarther，thatofCzaslau（pronounce’KOTusitz，’’CHASlau’），aretheconspicuousobjectsinit。
　　TheLakesFriedrichspeaksof，whichcoveredhisright，andshouldcoverours，arenotnowthere，——’all，ormostlyall，drainedaway，eightyyearsago，’answeredtheCzechs；answeredonewiserCzech，whenpressedupon，andguessedupon；therebysolvingtheenigmawhichwasdistressfultous。BetweenthoseLakesandtheBrtlinkaBrookmaybesometwomiles；Chotusitzisonthecrownofthespace，ifithaveacrown。Butthereisno’height’onit，worthcallingaheightexceptbythemilitaryman；notreeorbush；
　　nofenceamongthescrubbyryesandpulses:noobstaclebutthatBrook，which，orthehollowofwhich，youseesaunteringsteadilynorthwardorElbe—ward，agooddistanceonyourleft，asyoudriveforChotusitzandsteeple。Schuschitz，apeakedbrownedifice，isvisibleeverywhere，wellaheadandleftwards，wellbeyondsaidhollow；somethingofwoodand’deer—park’stillnoticeableorimaginableyonder。
　　"Chotusitzitselfisapoorlitteryplace；standingwhite—washed，butmuchunswept:intwostragglingrows，nowwideenoughapart（noKonigseckneednowgetburntthere）:utterlysilentunderthehotsun；notachildlookedoutonus，andIthinktheverydogslaywiselyasleep。ChurchandsteepleareatthefartherorsouthendoftheVillage，andhaveanolderdatethan1742。Highuponthesteeple，mendingtheclock—handsorIknownotwhat，hunginmid—
　　aironeCzech；theonlylivingthingwesaw。Populationmaybethreeorfourhundred，——allbusywiththeirteamsorotherwise，wewillhope。Czaslau，whichyouapproachbysomethingofavenues，ofhumanroads（dustandlitterstillabounding），isamuchgranderplace；sayof2，000ormore:shiny，white，butalsosomnolent；
　　vastmarket—place，orcentralsquare，slopingagainstyou:
　　twoshinyHotelsonit，withAustrianuniformsloiteringabout；——
　　andotherwisegreatemptinessandsilence。TheshinyHotels（shineduetopaintmainly）offerlittleofhumanlyedible；and，intheinterior，smellsstrikeyouas——astheOLDESTyouhaveevermetbefore。Apeoplenotgiventowashing，toventilating！Manygospelshavebeenpreachedinthoseparts，audabstruseOrthodoxies，sometimeswithfireandsword，andnoendofemphasis；butthatofSoap—and—Water（whichsurelyisasCatholicasany，andtheplainestofall）hasnotyetgotintroducedthere！"[Tourist’sNote（13thSeptember，1858）。]
　　CzaslauhangsupontheEnglishmind（werenottheignorancesototal）byanothertie:itistheresting—placeofZisca，whosedrum，orthefableofwhosedrum，wesawinthecitadelofGlatz。
　　ZiscawasburiedINhisskin，atCzaslaufinally:intheChurchofSt。PeterandSt。Paulthere；withdueepitaph；andhisbigmaceorbattle—club，mostlyiron，hunghonorableonthewallcloseby。
　　KaiserFerdinand，KarlV。’sbrother，onaProgresstoPrag，cametolodgeatCzaslau，oneafternoon:"Whatisthat？"saidtheKaiser，strollingoverthisPeter—and—Paul’sChurch，andnoticingthemace。